NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS CURRICULUM SUPPORT
Chinese Languages
Education and Work – School and
College
Traditional Mandarin
[HIGHER]
The Scottish Qualifications Authority regularly reviews
the arrangements for National Qualifications. Users of all
NQ support materials, whether published by Learning and
Teaching Scotland or others, are reminded that it is their
responsibility to check that the support materials
correspond to the requirements of the current
arrangements.
Acknowledgement
Learning and Teaching Scotland gratefully acknowledges this contribution to the National
Qualifications support programme for Chinese Languages.
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
This resource may be reproduced in whole or in part for educational purposes by educational
establishments in Scotland provided that no profit accrues at any stage.
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Contents
Introduction
4
Unit 1 中学生活
Activity 1: Listening comprehension
Activity 2: Reading comprehension
Activity 3: Speaking task
Activity 4: Writing task
Activity 5: Language points
5
6
8
9
9
Unit 2 中考和高考
Activity 1: Listening comprehension
Activity 2: Reading comprehension
Activity 3: Speaking task
Activity 4: Writing task
Activity 5: Language points
11
12
14
15
15
Unit 3 暑假打工
Activity 1: Listening comprehension
Activity 2: Reading comprehension
Activity 3: Speaking task
Activity 4: Reading comprehension
Activity 5: Writing task
Activity 6: Language points
17
18
20
21
22
23
Unit 4 考研与就业
Activity 1: Reading comprehension
Activity 2: Speaking task
Activity 3: Listening comprehension
Activity 4: Writing task
Activity 5: Language points
25
27
28
29
29
Appendix
Vocabulary list
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EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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INTRODUCTION
Introduction
This resource has been developed to support the delivery of Higher Chinese
languages. It covers the topics of education and work, including high school life,
the examination system, summer jobs and further education and employment.
The booklet contains four units. Each unit has five or six activities, designed to
develop students’ listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. Self assessment is included at the end of each unit so that students can monitor their
progress.
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© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
UNIT 1
Unit 1 中學生活
Learning targets for this unit:
1.
to be able to give information about my own school
2.
to be able to give information about my extra -curricular activities
3.
to be able to describe my school life
Activity 1: Listening comprehension
You are on an exchange programme, visiting a secondary school in Nanjing,
China. You hear your exchange partner, Wang Jing, answering questions another
visitor is asking about the school.
Word list
重點中學
大量
師資
嚴格
俱樂部
管弦樂隊
合唱團
文學社
話劇社
鼓勵
同齡
zhòng diǎnzhōng xué
dà liàng
shī zī
yán gé
jù lè bù
guǎn xián yuè duì
hé chàng tuán
wén xué shè
huà jù shè
gǔ lì
tóng líng
key school
numerous, great amount, large quantity
teachers, persons qualified to teach
strict
club
orchestra
choir
writing group
drama club
encourage
of the same age
After you’ve listened to their conversation, answer the following questions .
(a)
What type of school is this school?
(b)
In which aspects does this school excel?
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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UNIT 1
(c)
How are the school’s academic results?
(d)
What kind of activities can students do in a geography interest group?
(e)
Apart from interest groups, there are many clubs available as well.
Mention any three clubs.
(f)
Why do most parents encourage their children to take part in extra curricular activities?
Activity 2: Reading comprehension
Now read this article about school life in a local student newspaper in Nanjing.
如今，學生的生活豐富多彩。以下幾位中學生講述了他們各自的課外生活。
黃雨：
我喜歡音樂，從小就學小提琴，去年已經考過十級了。我們學校的課外活動多
種多樣，有很多不同的課外俱樂部和樂隊，球隊，還有合唱團。我現在就是學
校管弦樂隊的成員，每周六上午排練一次，每周一上午舉行升旗儀式的時候，
我們樂隊要為全校師生演奏。其實，我也很喜歡唱歌，可是，因為合唱團和樂
隊的排練時間是一樣的，我沒辦法兩個都參加，隻好不去唱歌了。
李飛：
我喜歡寫作，特別是寫詩和散文。 在小學和初中的時候我就常常在作文比賽
中獲獎。現在上了高中，學校有專門為文學愛好者設立的 ‘春雨’ 文學社。每周
六上午在校內活動兩個小時。文學社的十幾名成員來自高中不同的班級。這個
文學社已經成立十多年了，剛開始的時候，隻是愛好寫作的同學定期在一起交
流寫作經驗和參加各種寫作比賽。 從 2000 年起，’春雨’ 文學社辦起了學校校
報，五年以后，又辦起了學校校內雜志。雖然我們這些成員個個工作都很多，
常常周末還要加班，但每次一看到新出來的報紙和雜志，心裡特別高興。
張明明：
我是學校籃球隊的成員。當年初中進校的時候，我就是體育特長生。 我們除
了星期天休息，其余每天都要訓練籃球。一般是周一到周五每天放學后一個半
小時和每周六上午半天。我們有兩名教練，一位是學校特別聘請的職業籃球教
練，另一位是我們學校的一名體育老師。 我們隊常常參加籃球比賽，有時在
本市和別的學校打比賽，有時去外地參加比賽。我們上個月剛剛參加了全省中
學生籃球聯賽，獲得了第二名。
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UNIT 1
錢靜：
我的學校每年舉行的活動很多，但我最喜歡的還是春游和秋游。我們學校每年
組織全校師生去郊游兩次。一般去的地方都是當地著名的風景區或者是一些近
郊的公園，有時甚至是我們已經很熟悉的市內的公園。但其實去哪裡並不十分
重要，關鍵是我們能離開課堂，走進大自然，享受陽光和新鮮的空氣，和朋友
們一起野餐，踢球，放風箏等等。這些都讓我們感到愉快和放鬆。
Word list
豐富多彩
多種多樣
排練
升旗儀式
演奏
fēng fù duō cǎi
duō zhǒng duōyàng
pái liàn
shēng qí yí shì
yǎn zòu
特別
散文
設立
定期
經驗
雜志
特長
訓練
聘請
聯賽
郊游
甚至
組織
關鍵
課堂
大自然
享受
放風箏
愉快
放鬆
tè bié
sǎn wén
shè lì
dìng qī
jīng yàn
zá zhì
tè cháng
Xùn liàn
pìn qǐng
lián sài
jiāo yóu
shèn zhì
zǔ zhī
guān jiàn
kè táng
dà zì rán
xiǎng shòu
fàng fēng zheng
yú kuài
fàng sōng
rich and varied
varied, a wide variety of
rehearse
flag-raising ceremony
play a musical instrument in a
performance
special
prose
set up, establish
regularly
experience
magazine
one’s strong suit
training,
hire, employ
league match
field trip, outing
even
organise
key, pivot
classroom, class
nature
to enjoy (rights, benefits, etc.)
fly a kite
pleasant, happy
relax, loosen
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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UNIT 1
After you’ve read the article, answer the following questions .
(a)
What extra-curricular activity is Huang Yu taking part in?
(b)
Why can’t Huang Yu join the school choir?
(c)
What is Li Fei’s hobby?
(d)
What is the Spring Rain Writing Group responsible for nowadays?
(e)
What are the normal hours of basketball training every week?
(f)
Where do students in Qian Jing’s school go for outings?
(g)
Translate ‘但其實去哪裡並不十分重要，關鍵是我們能離開課堂，走進大
自然，享受陽光和新鮮的空氣，和朋友們一起野餐，踢球，放風箏等
等。這些都讓我們感到愉快和放鬆。’ into English.
Activity 3: Speaking task
You need to give a 3-minute presentation to Wang Jing and her classmates about
extra-curricular activities in your school. You need to cover the following points:
 What activities does your school offer?
 What activity have you signed up for?
 What are the advantages of doing extra-curricular activities?
 What are the disadvantages of doing extra -curricular activities?
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UNIT 1
Activity 4: Writing task
You are going to contribute an article about secondary sch ool student life in the
UK to a local student newspaper in Nanjing.
You need to cover the following points:
 What is a typical school day in the UK like?
 What subjects do British students study at school?
 What extra-curricular activities do British students like to do?
 In your opinion, what are the main differences between a British secondary
school and a Chinese secondary school?
Activity 5: Language points
1.
不僅…而且…
bù jǐn… ér qiě…
not only…but also…
eg 她不僅漂亮，而且聰明。
She is not only pretty, but also smart.
eg 他不僅是個好老師，而且是個值得信賴的朋友。
He is not only a good teacher, but also a reliable friend.
2.
雖然…但（是）
suī rán… dàn shì…
although, in spite of
eg 雖然她年紀最小，但（是）學得最快。
Although she is the youngest, she learns fastest.
eg 雖然政府已經投入了大量的資金，但是中國足球仍然沒有起色。
Although the government has spent a tremendous amount of money on
Chinese football, it still hasn’t improved much.
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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UNIT 1
Over to you
Make sentences using the following words:
不僅…而且…
雖然…但
（是）…
Self-assessment
My learning targets for this unit:
1.
to be able to give information about my own school
2.
to be able to give information about my extra -curricular
activities
3.
to be able to describe my school life
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EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
Achieved?
UNIT 2
Unit 2 中考和高考
Learning targets for this unit:
1.
to be able to give information about the exam system in China
2.
to be able to understand why some Chinese parents accompany their
children to exams
3.
to be able to talk about my own exams
Activity 1: Listening comprehension
You pen friend, Wu Tian, is an S6 student in Chongqing, China. Wu Tian’s mum
is talking to him at breakfast time about his forthcoming exam.
Word list
中考
高考
主見
自信心
放心
單位
考場
必要
應該
特殊
照顧
確實
關系
檢驗
努力
名列前茅
發揮
zhōng kǎo
gāo kǎo
zhǔ jiàn
zì xìn xīn
fàng xīn
dān wèi
kǎo chǎng
bì yào
yīng gāi
tè shū
zhào gù
què shí
guān xì
jiǎn yàn
nǔ lì
míng liè qián máo
fā huī
senior high school entrance examination
college entrance examination
definite idea, one’s own view
self-confidence
to set one’s mind at rest, to be at ease
work unit, work place
examination room
necessary, required, essential
must, ought to, should
particular, special, unusual
take care of, look after
indeed, true
to concern, to affect, to have to do with
to examine, to test
strive, make great effort, try hard
come out first in the examinations
play a role, bring into play
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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UNIT 2
After you’ve listened to the conversation, answer the following q uestions.
(a)
What exam is Wu Tian going to sit?
(b)
What kind of child is Wu Tian in his parents’ eyes?
(c)
Why does Wu Tian have to take care of himself ?
(d)
What does Wu Tian think of parents accompanying their kids to the exams?
(e)
In Wu Tian’s opinion, what is an exam for?
Activity 2: Reading comprehension
You read this article on the internet, talking about parents accompanying their
children to the exams.
一年一度的中考又開始了，學生進入考場后，總是能看見許多家長在考場外等
待自己的孩子考試結束。這些家長就是我們說的 ‘陪考一族’。對於這個現象，
人們到底是怎麼看的呢？
家長王先生：
我是特地請假來陪考的。我覺得中考畢竟是我女兒人生中的一個重要時刻。如
果能考上好的高中，就等於半隻腳踏入了大學的大門，所以我們很重視這次考
試。我的孩子平時成績不錯，但考試時什麼情況都有可能發生，我們家長能做
的也就是給孩子吃好、休息好，還有就是來考場陪考。我陪女兒來考試，肯定
能減輕她的心理負擔。而且，萬一出現意外情況，我也可以及時幫她。
學生周新:
我是一所農村中學的學生。我們學校參加中考的初中畢業生都是由老師帶著來
縣城考試的。考試的前一天下午就趕到了縣城，住在附近的小旅館裡。雖然我
是家裡的獨生子，但因為我的父母都是農民，每天都要下地勞動，實在沒時間
管我的學習，更不可能放下地裡的農活大老遠地來這裡陪我考試。我一定要努
力學習，將來考上大學，找到一份好工作。
學生王偉：
我的父母堅持要給我陪考， 真拿他們沒辦法。我不小了，可是在他們眼裡，
我永遠是個沒長大的孩子。雖然我們不在自己的學校考試，但我家離考點學校
很近，而且每場考試都有我們學校的老師值班。一旦出現什麼特殊情況，比如
生病啊，忘帶准考証等，馬上就可以找到老師幫忙，根本不需要家長緊張的。
但是父母一再堅持要來，我也就由著他們了。 這次考試，本來我不是很緊張
的，可他們這麼做，我反而變得有些緊張了。
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UNIT 2
李老師：
作為老師，我並不贊成家長陪考。我們要培養學生的健康心態。參加考試，本
身就是一種鍛煉，對他們的成長和將來適應社會都有好處。家長應該以平常心
對待，這樣學生才能在考試中更好地發揮自己的水平。有時候家長去陪考，不
但不能給學生減少壓力，反而會給學生增加壓力。當然，有的時候有些學生有
特殊需求，那麼要特殊對待。我的觀點是尊重孩子自己的意願。如果他們自己
都不願意，家長一定不能強求。
Word list
現象
陪考
特地
畢竟
前途
肯定
減輕
負擔
意外
及時
期望值
失望
堅持
值班
准考証
贊成
培養
心態
適應
對待
尊重
強求
xiàn xiàng
péi kǎo
tè dì
bì jìng
qián tú
kěn dìng
jiǎn qīng
fù dān
yì wài
jí shí
qī wàng zhí
shī wàng
jiān chí
zhí bān
zhǔn kǎo zhèng
zàn chéng
péi yǎng
xīn tài
shì yìng
duì dài
zūn zhòng
qiáng qiú
phenomenon, appearance
accompany somebody to an exam
especially for...
after all
future, prospects
sure(ly), certain(ly)
lighten, ease
burden
unexpected
in time, promptly
expectation, desired value
be disappointed, to lose hope, to despair
persist, insist on
be on duty
admission card for entrance examination
approve, endorse
train (a habit), foster (an interest)
mind set, outlook
suit, fit
treatment, treat
esteem, respect
importunity, importune
After you’ve read the article, answer the following questions .
(a)
In Mr Wang’s opinion, what can parents do for their children when they
are preparing for an exam? Mention two things.
(b)
What benefits does Mr Wang think his daughter will gain if he
accompanies her to the exam?
(c)
Why can’t Zhou Xin’s parents accompany him to his exams?
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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UNIT 2
(d)
What is Zhou Xin planning to do in the future?
(e)
Why does Wang Wei not want his parents to accompany him to the exam?
Mention any two reasons.
(f)
How does Wang Wei feel about the exam when his parents stay outside his
exam room and wait until he finishes?
(g)
What is Mr Li’s opinion on parents accompanying their children to the
exams?
(h)
Translate: ‘我們要培養學生的健康心態。參加考試，本身就是一種鍛
煉，對他們的成長和將來適應社會都有好處。家長應該以平常心對待，
這樣學生才能在考試中更好地發揮自己的水平。’ into English.
Activity 3: Speaking task
Students from Wu Tian’s school want to know about schools and exams in
Scotland. You are invited to give a talk to some S5 students.
You need to cover the following points:
 Have you ever sat any exams?
 What subjects are you studying for exams this year?
 What kind of exams will you sit at the end of the year?
 Will your friends sit the same exams as you?
 When do you normally sit your exams?
 Do your parents help you when you prepare for your exams?
 What kind of help would you like to get from your parents when you prepare
for your exams?
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UNIT 2
Activity 4: Writing task
Write an email to your Chinese friend in Scotland about your experience s in
China.
You need to cover the following points:
 What school are you visiting?
 How long are you staying in China?
 What exams are the students sitting at this time of year?
 In your opinion, what are the differences between the Chinese exam system
and the Scottish exam system?
 Do you understand why some Chinese parents accompany their children to
exams?
 Would you prefer your parents to accompany you to exams? Why or why not?
Activity 5: Language points
1.
guān xì dào
關系到
relate to, concern,
with respect to
eg 這個問題關系到我們每個人。
This problem concerns every one of us.
eg 得不得到这个工作关系到我以后的生活。
To get or not to get this job is important for my future life.
2.
如果…就…
rú guǒ… jiù
if…
eg 如果他在，就不會讓你走了。
If he were here, he wouldn’t let you go.
eg 如果我是你, 我就不會擔心。
I wouldn’t worry about it, if I were you.
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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UNIT 2
3.
不但不…反而
bù dàn bù… fǎn ér
instead of…, not only
not… instead
eg 她不但不幫我，反而笑話我。
She laughs at me instead of giving me a hand.
eg 他不但不想住得離父母近些，反而想搬得更遠。
He doesn’t want to live closer to his parents, instead he wants to move
farther away.
Over to you
Make sentences using the following words:
關系到
如果…
就…
不但不…
反而
Self-assessment
Learning targets for this unit:
1.
2.
to be able to give information about the exam system in
China
to be able to understand why some Chinese parents
accompany their children to exams
3.
to be able to talk about my own exams
16
EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
Achieved?
UNIT 3
Unit 3 暑假打工
Learning targets for this unit:
1.
to be able to give information about Chinese students’ summer jobs
2.
to be able to describe my friend’s or my own part -time job
Activity 1: Listening comprehension
In China, all students can have nearly 2 months’ summer holiday. Liu Yufei, a
university student, is talking to his friend about part-time jobs for the summer
holidays.
Word list
兼職
賺（點）錢
家教
成就感
輔導
一味地
分析
掌握
細心
培養責任感
增強
jiān zhí
zhuàn (diǎn) qián
jiā jiào
chéng jiù gǎn
fǔ dǎo
yí wèi de
fēn xī
zhǎng wò
xì xīn
péi yǎng zé rèn gǎn
zēng qiáng
part-time job
make (some ) money
private tutor
a sense of achievement
to tutor, to give advice
blindly
analyse
grasp
careful, considerate
cultivate a sense of responsibility
to increase, to strengthen
After you’ve listened to their conversation, answer the following questions .
(a)
What is Liu Yufei’s plan for the summer holidays?
(b)
Liu Yufei has 2 years’ experience of working as a private tutor. How does
he feel about being a private tutor?
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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UNIT 3
(c)
He enjoys being a private tutor. Why?
(d)
What does Liu Yufei study at university?
(e)
What subjects can he offer to teach as a private tutor for both jun ior and
senior middle school students? Mention any two.
(f)
Apart from doing practice exercises, what else does he do to help students?
(g)
Many of Yufei’s friends work as part -time tutors as well. What
qualification does his friend Hu Xiaoli have in English?
(h)
Why is Hu Xiaoli so popular among parents and students?
(i)
How often does Hu Xiaoli work as a private tutor during term time?
(j)
Give any two advantages of being a private tutor according to Liu Yufei.
Activity 2: Reading comprehension
Before your summer job hunting, you see this article in your school’s
newspaper:
今年的暑假又要開始了，許多的大學生會利用這個機會去打工。據調查，現在
的大學生中幾乎有三分之一的人在做兼職，而一些暫時沒有打工的學生也表
示，只要有合適的工作，他們也願意在暑假的時候去做。
打工原因
大學生假期打工原因有很多。 大多數人的看法是：打工一方面可以鍛煉自
己，另一方面又可以掙些生活費。已經決定要在暑假打工的小明說：’我在東
北讀書，而我的家在廣西。往返路費很貴，要將近一千塊錢。還不如呆在東北 ,
找一份臨時工，賺點零花錢。’
工作信息
首先要留意學校的廣告欄，那裡會有很多工作機會。其次，不要忽視了身邊的
親戚和朋友， 他們也有許多工作信息。 然后，可以去當地的人才市場試試。
最后，在當地的一些報紙和網站上也有招工的信息。
工作種類
大學生打工，什麼工作都做。在大學校園裡的廣告欄裡，各種各樣的小廣告吸
引了許多學生的目光—到街上發宣傳單、在餐館做服務員，在超市賣東西等
等。盡管做什麼的都有，但是大多數學生覺得, 理想的假期工作還是做家教。
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EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
UNIT 3
打工感受
暑假找個工作不容易，這是大多數學生的感受。這其中有許多的原因：家教市
場已經飽和；許多企業和單位不願意招收臨時工；大學生本身找工作比較盲
目；工資待遇太低等等。大二學生小莫說：’我很想找份暑期工作，但是想找
到一份合適的工作太難了。很多公司不招短期工，即使招，工資也是太低
了。’
容易受騙
騙子多、陷阱多，是學生們找工作碰到的的另外一個問題。大學生沒有社會經
驗，所以比較容易上當受騙。盡管被騙的學生很多，可很少有人站出來維護自
己的權益。成都理工大學的楊教授建議說：’假期去打工，一定要先了解工
作；如果需要中介，就應該通過正規中介去找工作；一旦受騙，應該用法律維
護自己的權益。’
Word list
打工
幾乎
暫時
表示
合適
鍛煉
dǎ gōng
jī hū
zàn shí
biǎo shì
hé shì
duàn liàn
掙生活費
臨時工
零花錢
留意
人才市場
招工
廣告欄
理想的
飽和
盲目
工資待遇
陷阱
中介
維護
權益
zhèng shēng huó fèi
lín shí gōng
líng huā qián
liú yì
rén cái shì chǎng
zhāo gōng
guǎng gào lán
lǐ xiǎng de
bǎo hé
máng mù
gōng zī dài yù
xiàn jǐng
zhōng jiè
wéi hù
quán yì
to work temporarily
almost
provisional, temporary
to express, to indicate, to say
appropriate, suitable
to do physical or mental
training/exercise
to earn money for living
temporary job/worker
pocket money
be aware of, be careful
human resource market, careers fair
recruitment
information board, notice board
ideal, perfect
saturated
aimless
salary and conditions
snare, trick
agency
defend, protect
rights and benefits
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
19
UNIT 3
After you’ve read the article, answer the following questions .
(a)
What is the percentage of university students who have part -time jobs?
(b)
Xiao Ming has decided that he will work during the summer holidays.
Why? Give any two reasons.
(c)
There are many ways to get job information. Mention any three.
(d)
Students will do various jobs during the summer holiday. Mention any two.
(e)
Why do most of the students feel that it is not easy to find a summer job?
Give any two reasons.
(f)
Why are students easily targeted by con men/women?
(g)
What advice does Professor Yang of Chengdu Unive rsity of Technology
offer for students who have been defrauded?
(h)
Translate ‘據調查，現在的大學生中幾乎有三分之一的人在做兼職，而一
些暫時沒有打工的學生也表示，只要有合適的工作，他們也願意在暑假
的時候去做。’ into English.
Activity 3: Speaking task
You are going to work during the summer holiday. You phone your fri ends and
tell them your plan.
You should cover the following points:
 Why are you going to look for a summer job?
 What kind of jobs do you prefer?
 What are the advantages of having a part-time job during the summer holiday?
 How are you going to look for a summer job?
 What will you be careful about when you look for a summer job?
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EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
UNIT 3
Activity 4: Reading comprehension
You go to a local job centre and you see three university students putting up
these advertisements on the notice board:
一：
你好! 我叫林航，男，成都大學生物醫學工程專業大三學生。我性格開朗，容
易相處。在大二時做過一年的家教，效果不錯，學生成績有明顯提高。我能輔
導初中和高中的生物、英語和地理學科。本人主要特長是能幫學生抓住基礎知
識和重點，增強學生的自信心。
暑假期間，每天下午和晚上都可以進行輔導。價格面議。
聯系：劉宇飛 13770938414
二．
胡曉麗，女，四川理工大學英文專業大三學生，已通過英語專業八級考試。因
為我特別喜歡小孩，並且自大一以來都在做家教，經驗非常豐富，因此受到許
多家長和學生的歡迎。能教初中和高中英語，特別擅長給高三學生補習英語，
能全面、系統地圍繞高考進行輔導。
暑假期間每天下午和晚上有空，學期期間周一、三、五晚上有空。
價格：每小時 20 元
聯系方式：電話 13756653231 或者電子郵件：huxiaoli@sohu.com
三．
你好！我叫劉興，女，武漢人，是四川音樂學院學生。本人外向開朗，有愛
心。有豐富的教學經驗，深得家長和學生們的信任。我經常參加大學的各種演
出。我能教鋼琴和二胡。曾經輔導的兩名鋼琴學生，在四川省鋼琴比賽中分別
獲得一等獎和二等獎。
可以上門教課。全天有空。
價格：每小時 60 元
電話(晚上)： 020-82326787
Word list
效果
提高
基礎知識
價格面議
擅長
補習
全面
系統地
開朗
豐富
演出
二胡
xiào guǒ
tí gāo
jī chǔ zhī shi
jià gé miàn yì
shàn cháng
bǔ xí
quán miàn
xì tǒng de
kāi lǎng
fēng fù
yǎn chū
èr hú
impact, effect
improve, increase
rudiments, basic knowledge
price to be negotiated
to be good at
take lessons after school or work
all-round, comprehensive
systematically
outgoing
plentiful, rich
perform, play
two-stringed Chinese fiddle
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
21
UNIT 3
After you’ve read the advertisements, answer the following questions .
（一）
(a) What is Linhang’s personality like?
(b)
What experience does he have as a private tutor?
(c)
What subject(s) can he offer as a private tutor?
(d)
What pay rate does he ask for?
（二）
(e) What university does Hu Xiaoli study at?
(f)
What year grade is she in at the moment?
(g)
She is very popular as a private tutor. Give two reasons for this.
(h)
How flexible is she during the summer holiday?
（三）
(i)
What does Liuxing often do during term time at university?
(j)
Give two musical instruments which Linxing can teach:
(k)
When is the best time to call her?
Activity 5: Writing task
Now you need to write an advertisement to put on the board in order to find a
summer job as a private tutor. You should cover the following points: your name,
university, subject, which year group, gender, personality, experience, capability,
your specialities, flexibility, expected pay rate and contact details.
Your advertisement should be 130–200 characters in length.
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EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
UNIT 3
Activity 6: Language points
1.
還不如
hái bù rú
It can be used to express personal opinions.
would rather
eg 這家飯店又貴又不好吃，還不如回家去吃火鍋。
I would rather go home to have hotpot than go to this expensive restaurant
which serves not very good food.
2.
白(白)
bái (bái)
in vain; for nothing
white
To indicate someone is reluctant to do something which is worthless.
eg 我不願意白白浪費我的時間去做我不喜歡的事。
I will not waste my time doing something which I do not like to do.
3.
一旦
yí dàn
once
eg 一旦你去過桂林，你就會愛上它。
You will love Guilin once you have been there.
4.
即使…也
jí shǐ…yě
To express conditions.
even if; even though
eg 即使今天天氣很熱，我們也要去爬長城。
We will still go to climb the Great Wall today even though the weather is
hot.
5.
zì…yǐ lái
自…以來
since
eg 中國人自古以來就熱情好客。
Since time immemorial, Chinese people have always b een very hospitable.
6.
深得
shēn dé
extremely
This phrase is normally followed by a pronoun.
eg 賽龍舟是一項深得中國人喜愛的民間運動。
The dragon boat race is an amateur sport that is extremely popular among
the Chinese.
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
23
UNIT 3
Over to you
Choose the correct answers.
1.
_________ 你到了長城，你就成為了好漢。
(a) 一旦
2.
(b) 即使
(c) 還不如
(b) 一旦
(c) 白白
中國足球隊_________浪費了兩次進球機會。
(a) 白(白)
6.
(c) 即使
周恩來同志_________ 廣大人民群眾的愛戴。
(a) 深得
5.
(b) 還不如
_________ 我聽不懂京劇，我還是很喜歡去看京劇。
(a) 自…以來
4.
(c) 白白
蘇格蘭冬天的時候很冷，_________ 夏天的時候去那裡玩。
(a) 深得
3.
(b) 即使
(b) 還不如
(c) 即使
_________兵馬俑被發現_________，，它就成為了一個最受歡迎的旅游
景點之一。
(a) 自從…以來
(b) 因為…所以
(c) 不但...而且
Self-assessment
Learning targets for this unit:
1.
to be able to give information about Chinese students’
summer jobs
2.
to be able to describe my friend’s or my own part -time job
24
EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
Achieved?
UNIT 4
Unit 4 考研與就業
Learning targets for this unit:
1.
2.
3.
to be able to give information about the current employment situation
in China
to be able to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of pursuing a
master’s degree or going into employment
to be able to talk about my future plans after graduation
Activity 1: Reading comprehension
You saw this article in an undergraduate student forum on the Wuhan University
website. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of pursuing a master’s
degree or going into employment.
考研與就業近年來已成為大學生中的熱門話題。根據目前的社會與經濟狀況，
應該先去就業呢？還是去考研？許多就要畢業的大學生對此感到很困惑。
考研有動機
2009 年全國大學畢業生約 610 萬人，比去年畢業生多了幾十萬人。 因為畢業
生增多和金融危機的爆發，許多單位用人需求減少，所以今年的就業非常不容
易。
剛畢業的大學生小李說：’我從來沒有想到找工作竟是那麼花時間和精力的事
情。我們班的大部分同學都還沒有找到工作。大學畢業就意味著失業，這真是
我們在社會上學到的第一堂課。’
許多即將畢業的大學生為了推遲就業時間，逃避就業壓力，而准備參加考研。
最近有一則報道，某大學一個班 17 個人竟有 14 個人考上了研究生，而且不少
還是考取了重點大學。作為堅定的考研者，小馬說：’我從大學二年級就開始
准備考研。現在工作很難找，而且大量工人失業，我覺得我考研的決定是對
的。’
就讀的大學名氣小，這也成為很多人考研的原因之一。 已經考取了天津南開
大學土木工程專業的研究生蒙江表示，他考研就是因為他的本科學校沒有名
氣，找工作沒有優勢。 他說：’我覺得還是有必要找個有名的學校繼續深造，
打好基礎，將來找工作更容易。’
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
25
UNIT 4
就業有原因
大多數本科畢業生還是選擇了就業。他們覺得早點開始工作，積累了較多的社
會和工作經驗，對以后的發展更有利。不少人也認為三年后研究生畢業，不見
得就能找到好工作，也許就業更不容易。
‘我很期待畢業，希望立即到社會上工作。不管以后自己干什麼工作，收入多
少，這些都是我從沒經歷過的，相對於十幾年的單調的學校生活來說，工作將
會是一種全新的挑戰和體驗。’大四學生張強說，’我是家裡的獨生子。等我大
學畢業，父母已經快退休了。這個時候，我覺得我有責任扛起一些家庭的擔
子，不能再每個月從父母那裡要錢了。’
Word list
考研
kǎo yán
就業
熱門
困惑
狀況
金融危
機
爆發
需求
精力
意味
推遲
逃避
堅定的
土木工
程
名氣
深造
積累
期待
單調的
獨生子
jiù yè
rè mén
kùn huò
zhuàng kuàng
jīn róng wēi jī
take part in the entrance exams for
postgraduate schools
get employment, start a career
hot (topic), popular
confused
situation, circumstances
economic crisis
bào fā
xū qiú
jīng lì
yì wèi
tuī chí
táo bì
jiān dìng de
tǔ mù gōng chéng
break out
requirements
energy,
mean, imply
to postpone
escape, evade
persistent, unwavering
civil engineering
míng qì
shēn zào
jī lěi
qī dài
dān diào de
dú shēng zǐ
reputation
further training/education/study
accumulate
to look forward to
boring
only child
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EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
UNIT 4
After you’ve read the article, answer the following ques tions.
(a)
Why is there enormous employment pressure on undergraduates? Mention
two things.
(b)
Most undergraduates realise that job hunting is not an easy thing to do.
What two things are very demanding for job hunting?
(c)
What is the first lesson Xiao Li has learned since she graduated from
university?
(d)
Why does Xiao Ma feel that he has made the right choice by taking the
entrance exams for postgraduate schools?
(e)
What does Mengjiang feel about his current university?
(f)
Completion of Master ’s degree study does not guarantee a good job. How
do some people feel the employment situation might be after 3 years of
study?
(g)
Zhangqiang is looking forward to starting his career. How does he feel
about having a job?
(h)
Mention two things about Zhangqiang’s background.
(i)
Translate into English: ‘我從來沒有想到找工作竟是那麼花時間和精力的
事情。我們班的大部分同學都還沒有找到工作。大學畢業就意味著失
業，這真是我們在社會上學到的第一堂課。’
Activity 2: Speaking task
You are going to graduate from university this summer. You decided to take part
in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools to conti nue with further study.
You should mention:
 What you have studied at university
 When you will graduate
 What you intend to do over the summer
 Whether you intend to work after graduation and why
 Comments on the economic and employment situation
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
27
UNIT 4
Activity 3: Listening comprehension
At a career fair organised by Wuhan University, a journalist is interviewing Mr
Wang, who is a personnel manager in a company:
Word list
企業
規模
前景
職位
分部
限制
應聘者
學歷
理論聯系實際
qǐ yè
guī mó
qián jǐng
zhí wèi
fēn bù
xiàn zhì
yìng pìn zhě
xué lì
lǐ lùn lián xì shí jì
company, enterprise
scale
prospective
post, position
branch
to limit, to restrict
applicant
education backgound
combine theory and practice
After you’ve listened to the interview, answer the following que stions.
(a)
What kind of products does this privately owned company make?
(b)
What is the current situation of the company?
(c)
Where are the company’s headquarters?
(d)
What two posts are they going to recruit for?
(e)
What age range should candidates be in?
(f)
Mr Wang does not care whether candidates have a degree or have
graduated from a famous university. What does he care about?
(g)
What kind of candidates does he not like?
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EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
UNIT 4
Activity 4: Writing task
你的一個中國朋友馬上就要大學畢業了，她（他）不知道應該是考研還是就
業。你有什麼建議？為什麼？
寫 150-180 個漢字，說說你的觀點。
Activity 5: Language points
1.
並（且）
bìng (qiě)
moreover; besides
To provide additional information to support a preceding statement.
eg 中國人喜歡吃魚, 並且喜歡吃魚頭。
Chinese like to eat fish. Moreover, they like to eat the fish head.
2.
bù guǎn
不管
no matter; regardless of
eg 不管中文多麼難，她一直堅持學。
No matter how hard Chinese is, she is always keen to learn Chinese.
3.
但是
dàn shì
but; however
eg 我打電話去預訂房間，但是已經客滿了。
I have called to book a room, but there were no vacancies.
Over to you
Make sentences using the following words:
並（且）
不管
但是
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
29
UNIT 4
Self-assessment
Learning targets for this unit:
1.
to be able to give information about the current
employment situation in China
2.
to be able to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
pursuing a master’s degree or going into employment
3.
to be able to talk about my future plans after graduation
30
EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
Achieved?
APPENDIX
Appendix
Vocabulary list
爆發
飽和
畢竟
必要
表示
補習
成就感
打工
大量
大自然
單調的
單位
定期
獨生子
鍛煉
對待
多種多樣
二胡
發揮
放風箏
放鬆
放心
分部
分析
豐富
豐富多彩
負擔
輔導
高考
工資待遇
鼓勵
關鍵
關系
管弦樂隊
廣告欄
bào fā
bǎo hé
bì jìng
bì yào
biǎo shì
bǔ xí
chéng jiù gǎn
dǎ gōng
dà liàng
dà zì rán
dān diào de
dān wèi
dìng qī
dú shēng zǐ
duàn liàn
duì dài
duō zhǒng duōyàng
èr hú
fā huī
fàng fēng zheng
fàng sōng
fàng xīn
fēn bù
fēn xī
fēng fù
fēng fù duō cǎi
fù dān
fǔ dǎo
gāo kǎo
gōng zī dài yù
gǔ lì
guān jiàn
guān xì
guǎn xián yuè duì
guǎng gào lán
break out
saturated
after all
necessary, required, essential
to express, to indicate, to say
take lessons after school or work
a sense of achievement
to work temporarily
numerous, great amount, large quantity
nature
boring
work unit, work place
regularly
only child
to do physical or mental training/exercise
treatment, treat
varied, a wide variety of
two-stringed Chinese fiddle
play a role, bring into play
fly a kite
relax, loosen
to set one’s mind at rest, to be at ease
branch
analyse
plentiful, rich
rich and varied
burden
to tutor, to give advice
college entrance examination
salary and conditions
encourage
key, pivot
to concern, to affect, to have to do with
orchestra
information board, notice board
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
31
APPENDIX
規模
合唱團
合適
話劇社
基礎知識
幾乎
積累
及時
價格面議
家教
堅持
堅定的
減輕
檢驗
兼職
郊游
金融危機
精力
經驗
就業
俱樂部
開朗
考場
考研
guī mó
hé chàng tuán
hé shì
huà jù shè
jī chǔ zhī shi
jī hū
jī lěi
jí shí
jià gé miàn yì
jiā jiào
jiān chí
jiān dìng de
jiǎn qīng
jiǎn yàn
jiān zhí
jiāo yóu
jīn róng wēi jī
jīng lì
jīng yàn
jiù yè
jù lè bù
kāi lǎng
kǎo chǎng
kǎo yán
課堂
肯定
困惑
理論聯系
實際
理想的
聯賽
臨時工
零花錢
留意
盲目
名列前茅
名氣
努力
排練
陪考
培養
培養責任
感
kè táng
kěn dìng
kùn huò
lǐ lùn lián xì shí jì
scale
choir
appropriate, suitable
drama club
rudiments, basic knowledge
almost
accumulate
in time, promptly
price to be negotiated
private tutor
persist, insist on
persistent, unwavering
lighten, ease
to examine, to test
part-time job
field trip, outing
economic crisis
energy
experience
get employment, start a career
club
outgoing
examination room
take part in the entrance exams for
postgraduate schools
classroom, class
sure(ly), certain(ly)
confused
combine theory and practice
lǐ xiǎng de
lián sài
lín shí gōng
líng huā qián
liú yì
máng mù
míng liè qián máo
míng qì
nǔ lì
pái liàn
péi kǎo
péi yǎng
péi yǎng zé rèn gǎn
ideal, perfect
league match
temporary job/worker
pocket money
be aware of, be careful
aimless
come out first in the examinations
reputation
strive, make great effort, try hard
rehearse
accompany somebody to an exam
train (a habit), foster(an interest)
cultivate a sense of responsibility
32
EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
APPENDIX
聘請
期待
期望值
企業
前景
前途
強求
全面
權益
確實
熱門
人才市場
散文
擅長
設立
深造
甚至
升旗儀式
失望
適應
師資
逃避
特別
特長
特地
特殊
提高
同齡
土木工程
推遲
維護
文學社
系統地
細心
陷阱
現象
限制
享受
效果
心態
需求
學歷
訓練
演出
pìn qǐng
qī dài
qī wàng zhí
qǐ yè
qián jǐng
qián tú
qiáng qiú
quán miàn
quán yì
què shí
rè mén
rén cái shì chǎng
sǎn wén
shàn cháng
shè lì
shēn zào
shèn zhì
shēng qí yí shì
shī wàng
shì yìng
shī zī
táo bì
tè bié
tè cháng
tè dì
tè shū
tí gāo
tóng líng
tǔ mù gōng chéng
tuī chí
wéi hù
wén xué shè
xì tǒng de
xì xīn
xiàn jǐng
xiàn xiàng
xiàn zhì
xiǎng shòu
xiào guǒ
xīn tài
xū qiú
xué lì
Xùn liàn
yǎn chū
hire, employ
to look forward to
expectation, desired value
company, enterprise
prospective
future, prospects
importunity, importune
all-round, comprehensive
rights and benefits
indeed, true
hot (topic), popular
human resource market, careers fair
prose
to be good at
set up, establish
further training/education/study
even
flag-raising ceremony
be disappointed, to lose hope, to despair
suit, fit
teachers, persons qualified to teach
escape, evade
special
one’s strong suit
especially for...
particular, special, unusual
improve, increase
of the same age
civil engineering
to postpone
defend, protect
writing group
systematically
careful, considerate
snare, trick
phenomenon, appearance
to limit, to restrict
to enjoy (rights, benefits, etc)
impact, effect
mind-set, outlook
requirements
education background
training,
perform, play
EDUCATION AND WORK TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
33
APPENDIX
嚴格
演奏
意外
意味
一味地
應該
應聘者
愉快
雜志
贊成
暫時
增強
掌握
招工
照顧
掙生活費
值班
職位
重點中學
中介
中考
主見
賺（點）
錢
狀況
准考証
自信心
組織
尊重
34
yán gé
yǎn zòu
yì wài
yì wèi
yí wèi de
yīng gāi
yìng pìn zhě
yú kuài
zá zhì
zàn chéng
zàn shí
zēng qiáng
zhǎng wò
zhāo gōng
zhào gù
zhèng shēng huó fèi
zhí bān
zhí wèi
zhòng diǎnzhōng xué
zhōng jiè
zhōng kǎo
zhǔ jiàn
zhuàn (diǎn) qián
strict
play a musical instrument in a performance
unexpected
mean, imply
blindly
must, ought to, should
applicant
pleasant, happy
magazine
approve, endorse
provisional, temporary
to increase, to strengthen
grasp
recruitment
take care of, look after
to earn money for living
be on duty
post, position
key school
agency
senior high school entrance examination
definite idea, one’s own view
make (some ) money
zhuàng kuàng
zhǔn kǎo zhèng
zì xìn xīn
zǔ zhī
zūn zhòng
situation, circumstances
admission card for entrance examination
self-confidence
organise
esteem, respect
EDUCATION AND WORK: TRADITIONAL MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010