5th ITU Green Standards Week
Nassau, The Bahamas 14-18 December 2015
DESIGNING A NATIONWIDE SMART
CITY FRAMEWORK
Ivan Castano,
Adviser to the Deputy Director – Telecommunications
National Planning Department
icastano@dnp.gov.co
Why smart cities?
•
•
Source:
DNP.
Based on Prof. Suhono Harso Supangkat
Institut Teknologi Bandung
The idea is not to tackle
each challenge in an
independent way, but to
take advantage of the
multiplier
effect
that
citywide
holistic
view
solutions can bring to the
table.
Smart City initiatives rely
on
cross-department
connections and scale to
realize their full potential1.
[1], Smart Cities and the Internet of Everything
(IDC Government Insights, 2013)
Smart Cities and the IoT
Challenges
• Privacy and security.
• Reducing the digital divide.
• Break the fragmentation of
Smart City solutions.
• Standardization of devices
and solutions.
• E-waste management.
Opportunities
• Create public value from
the Internet of things.
• To have an ever increasing
amount of information for
better decision making.
• To create an open smart
city
platform
for
governance.
• To generate innovative
services for citizens.
Think about the digital divide
Bogotá
Pácora, Caldas
Vs.
Population: 7,8 million people
Area: 1.587 km2 (urban)
Population: 11.952 people
Area: 265 km2 (urban)
Usually, Smart City initiatives are focused on medium and large cities, that most of the
time have better infrastructure than small cities. IoT and Smart cities can accentuate
the digital divide between territories, hence increasing inequality in terms of access to
technology (for the population).
Smart Cities give meaning to the IoT
Smart Governance
Smart Cities
Citizens
Internet of Things
Public value creation
Internet of Things (IoT) is a key enabler to make cities become “smarter”, “more
sustainable” and livable, but instead Smart Cities’ initiatives are called to provide
meaning and make use of IoT technology.
“The concept of the Smart City makes the internet of things actionable and specially
important for all of us”.
Kelly Welsh – (General Counsel - U.S. Department of Commerce)
Smart City Platforms to break fragmentation
PlanIT Urban Operating System (UOS)
City OS (City Protocol – Barcelona)
Sofia 2 (Smart City Platform)
EPIC
Measuring the “smartness” of a city
Differences between cities must be taken into
account when measuring their “smartness”.
A segmentation and gap closing approach is being
analyzed in the Colombian case
Component
ROBUST development
environment
INTERMEDIATE
development environment
INCIPIENT development
environment
Variable
Municipal population
% of rural population/ total population
Functionality
Population growth (2010-2014)
Urban-regional
Population density
Agglomerations variable
Added Value
Economic
Municipalities income
Internet Penetration
Dynamic
Economic Disparities
Municipal MPI1
Quality of life
Forest Hectares
Environmental Investments in environmental sector
Homicides / 100.000 people
Kidnappings/ 100.000 people
Security
Theft / 100.000 people
Area under coca cultivation
Fiscal municipal development
Institutional
Municipal legal requirements
VERY PRELIMINARY
Measuring the “smartness” of a city
Urban
Education: illiteracy, education quality, attendance, e-learning, % of population in education
institutions, higher education
Salud: life expectancy, use of electronic records , on line health, mortality rate of children <5,
health level, provision of health services
Environmental
Water: water consuption/cápita, water coverage, water use efficiency, % of cities with
drinkable water
Air: air quality
Energy: energy consumption/cápita, coverage, efficiency, alternate energy
Climate change: measurement systems of GHG emissions , GHG emissions, mitigation
plans
Others: noise control, adaptive capacity to climate change, natural disaster plans
Gob/admin/ec
on/Fin
Economy: unemployment, poverty, inequality, socio-spatial segregation, regulations of
business and investments, strategic management of infrastructure, GDP
Government: government credibility, citizenship participation, ICT plans, government
expenditure quality, accountability, transparency, quality of government expenditures
Public Finance: debt sustainability, contingent liabilities, taxes, collections management
TECH
Access and connection: Availability of computers or similar devices, Availability of Internet access
in households, Availability of fixed and wireless broadband subscriptions
Information Platforms: Use of social media by the public sector
Information security and privacy: of public services and systems, rules and regulations to ensure
Child Online Protection rules and regulations to ensure Privacy protection in public service
Infrastructure: connection to services: water, wastewater, electricity, roads, construction
Measuring the “smartness” of a city
• Once metrics are established, actions are need.
So, ¿How are we to proceed?
Baseline
Target
2018
Gap Closing Strategy
Are condidates for
intervention in terms of
gaps closure
Broadband
Penetration
YES
NO
1034
67
Broadband
Penetration
Recap
1. Think about the digital divide than can be
accentuated by implementing IoT.
2. Smart cities give meaning to the IoT and
make use of technology.
3. Break fragmentation of Smart Sustainable
Cities through open smart city platforms.
4. Think about sustainability of IoT and E-waste.
5. Develop metrics to measure the “smartness”
of the cities
5th ITU Green Standards Week
Nassau, The Bahamas 14-18 December 2015
THANK YOU!
Ivan Castano,
Adviser to the Deputy Director – Telecommunications
National Planning Department
icastano@dnp.gov.co