C
E
A
P
onservation
ffects
ssessment
roject
Availability and Implementation
of BMPs in the Upper
Suwannee River Basin
Table of Contents
What Is CEAP and Conservation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
What Are Best Management Practices? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
How Do BMPs Help the Environment? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Agencies that Offer Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Available Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
CEAP: Availability and Implementation of
BMPs in The Upper Suwannee River Basin
Gary L. Hawkins, Ph.D., Extension Specialist – Pollution Prevention
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Rebekah Wallace, Student
University of Georgia
What Is CEAP and Conservation?
tions can vary widely from field to field. Best management practices are typically used in agricultural areas,
forests and urban settings.
Agricultural BMPs (Figure 1a, 1b and 1c) are typically used on production fields, in livestock operations
and in urban settings to reduce runoff, reduce erosion,
increase infiltration and reduce usage of pesticides. These
practices may also include measures to reduce the potential spread of chemicals from containment areas. Other
agricultural BMPs may consist of limiting cattle access to
streams or providing high use watering areas. The use of
bioretention ponds or areas in urban settings provides an
attractive way to control erosion and runoff, and increase
infiltration.
Forest/Wildlife Habitat BMPs (Figure 1d) are typically used in forest settings or in forest areas adjacent to
agricultural fields to reduce runoff to and sedimentation
in streams and to increase wildlife populations. Some of
these practices may include site preparation, reforesting
plans, harvesting operations, habitat restoration, ground
cover/brush implementation, wildfire management, and
food/water source management. Riparian Zone BMPs can
include buffer zone restoration, erosion control and habitat restoration. While the individual plans can be different, they all lead toward the same goal: improving and
conserving the surrounding environment for people as
well as wildlife.
Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP)
began in 2003 through the cooperation of multiple agencies, including Natural Resource Conservation Service,
Farm Service Agency, Agricultural Research Service, and
Soil and Water Conservation Society to name a few. The
goal of the project was to quantify the environmental
benefits gained from private landowners implementing
conservation practices in certain USDA Programs.
There are three components under CEAP: (1) National
Assessment, (2) Watershed Assessment Studies, and
(3) Bibliography and Literature Reviews. The National
Assessment determines how well USDA programs meet
the nation’s conservation and environmental goals and
the benefits of conservation practices. Areas being
reviewed are croplands, wetlands, wildlife and grazing
lands. The Watershed Assessment Study will evaluate
conservation practices in selected watersheds across the
nation which will provide an outline for assessing and
improving national assessment models. The Bibliography
and Literature Reviews document what is known and
unknown about current environmental practice benefits
and what programs are offered for cropland and fish and
wildlife.
What Are Best Management Practices?
Best Management Practices (BMPs) can be described
as management practices and/or structural practices that
are designed to reduce the amount of pollutants and
erosion while increasing the quality of all life. The BMP
concept deals specifically with non-point source pollution, such as runoff from agricultural fields, forest areas
or urban areas. Best management practices are also voluntary in nature. The individual practices and applica-
How Do BMPs Help the Environment?
Best management practice implementation aids the
earth’s natural life support system. A plan that includes
practices to control erosion leads to: longer useful soil
life, better habitat for soil organisms, cleaner surface
waters and topsoil conservation. Water quality plans may
include practices that account for nonpoint source pollu3
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Figure 1. Best management practices are structures and practices designed to prevent or reduce water pollution.
The four figures above show some practices used in agriculture and forestry: (a) Conservation tillage is an
agricultural BMP that reduces erosion and increases filtration (photo by G.L. Hawkins); (b) High traffic watering
areas is an agricultural practice that reduces or eliminates the need for cattle to get into streams or bodies of water
(photo by G.L. Hawkins); (c) Bioretention areas are urban agriculture practices that make nice areas in a landscape
while reducing runoff (photo from VA forestry Web site); (d) Wood crossing is a forestry practice that provides a
safe crossing while protecting water quality (photo from Georgia Forestry Commission).
improve our natural resources and environment.”
Through the use of government cost-share programs
and technical assistance programs the agency helps
people help themselves. Several of the programs
offered include varying degrees of cost-sharing. This
benefits the environment, the agency, people already
using the programs, as well as anyone who would want
to use the programs in the future.
Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission
(GSWCC): GASWCC’s mission is to protect, conserve
and improve soil and water quality in Georgia. It differs
from NRCS in that it focuses specifically on soil and
water quality while NRCS addresses all natural resources. Assistance provided from GSWCC consists of
cost-share funds for improving irrigation efficiency,
collecting and storing irrigation water, improving
wildlife habitat, and improving urban soil and water
management.
Georgia Forestry Commission (GFC): The Georgia
Forestry Commission provides leadership, service, and
education in the protection and conservation of Georgia’s forest resources. Their main goal is to maintain a
healthy, sustainable forest that provides clean air, clean
water, and abundant products for the future. The GFC
provides information on the use of conservation easements and forestry related grants.
USDA-Farm Service Agency (FSA): FSA’s vision
statement is “A customer-driven agency with a diverse
and multi-talented work force, dedicated to achieving
an economically and environmentally sound future for
American Agriculture.” Whereas some of the other
agencies aim toward the environment and environmental landmarks, FSA is more concerned with people.
The agency ensures the well-being of U.S. agriculture
through efficient and equitable administration of farm
commodity programs, conservation and environmental
programs, emergency and disaster assistance, domestic
tants, point source pollutants, ground and surface water
testing, and aquatic habitat restoration. Air quality plans
may include practices such as tighter restrictions for
particulate waste from industry factories, noise buffers,
wind erosion control and emissions standards for automobiles.
Agencies that Offer Assistance
Many BMPs are voluntary at the moment. It may not
be long before they are no longer voluntary and become
mandatory. To help implement BMPs, many agencies
have a variety of programs available to assist farmers and
stakeholders in determining which practices best fit their
specific needs. Several programs offer some kind of
financial assistance, usually in the way of a cost-share
percentage. Many programs offer technical assistance in
which the agency or entity offering the program will help
the individual set up the BMP plan.
Within the Upper Suwannee River Basin, agencies
offering help to farmers and stakeholders include University of Georgia Cooperative Extension (UGA EXT),
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS),
Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission
(GASWCC), Georgia Department of Natural Resources
(DNR), and the United States Department of AgricultureFarm Service Agency (USDA-FSA). While it may seem
that a lot of these agencies are all doing the same things,
they each have different responsibilities regarding conservation. A majority of the programs that provide funding
for implementation of BMPs for the purpose of conserving natural resources can be found in Table 1 at the end
of this publication.
Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS): The
NRCS mission statement is “The Natural Resources
Conservation Service provides leadership in a partnership effort to help people conserve, maintain, and
4
(b)
(a)
Figure 2. Best management implementation promotes (a) improved and diverse soil micro and macro biology
(picture taken from Soil Biology Primer, published by SWCS in cooperation with USDA-NRCS), and (b) improved
water and air quality (photo taken by USDA-NRCS).
give them a call at 1-800-ASK-UGA1. This number will
direct your call to your local UGA Cooperative Extension
Office.
and international food assistance, and international export
credit programs. These programs are part of USDA’s
farm safety net, which helps maintain viable operations,
compete for export sales of commodities, and contributes
to year-round availability of low-cost, safe and nutritious
foods. The FSA offers assistance through these listed
cost-share programs specifically dealing with long-term
and emergency farmland conservation.
Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GADNR):
The Georgia DNR centers on natural resources as well
as cultural and historic resources. They promote areas
of the state that have significant historical and cultural
value, while also protecting and supporting state parks
and archeological areas. To assist citizens with various
aspects of protecting natural resources, the GADNR is
divided into seven topic-specific divisions. These
divisions are Coastal Resources; Environmental
Protection; Historic Preservation; Parks, Recreation,
and Historic Sites; Pollution Prevention Assistance;
Program Support; and Wildlife Resources Divisions.
Funds available from the divisions of the DNR are
specific to that division and may consist of technical or
financial assistance. The information in Table 1 does
not include all Divisions of GADNR since most funds
are variable, so if you have specific questions, contact
GADNR.
University of Georgia Extension (UGA EXT): The
UGA Cooperative Extension does not provide monetary assistance to farmers and stakeholders, but instead
provides science-based information on various BMP
practices. The UGA EXT can work with farmers and
other agencies to determine what potential sciencebased options are available. For more information on
how the UGA Cooperative Extension can assist you,
Summary
BMPs are valuable tools used on a voluntary basis by
farmers and stakeholders to improve the environmental
and personal quality of the land they own. Within the
Suwannee River Basin, there are many programs available to assist farmers and stakeholders in planning for
and implementing BMPs. If you have any questions or
need assistance with any of the listed programs contact
the appropriate person or see your local UGA Cooperative Extension Agent.
Acknowledgements
It is only with the help of many people within each of
the state agencies — Georgia Department of Natural
Resources, Georgia Natural Resource Conservation
Service, Farm Service Agency, and Georgia Soil and
Water Conservation Commission — that this publication
could be assembled. For more information on each
agency, refer to their individual websites:
NRCS – http://www.nrcs.usda.gov
Georgia DNR – http://www.gadnr.org, and
http://www.AgP2.org
FSA/USDA – http://www.fsa.usda.gov
GASWCC – http://gaswcc.georgia.gov
For more detailed information on the Conservation
Effects Assessment Project, please see http://www.nrcs.
usda.gov/technical/nri/ceap/.
5
6
Description
Conservation of
Private Grazing
Land
Description
Conservation
Innovation Grants
Title of Program
Range of Funds
Sign-up date
Contact Information
Dependant upon
competition
Generally in Spring
GA NRCS ASTC Programs
(706) 546-2083
No state competitions for
Georgia, Grant Based Program.
Comments
Technical Assistance
N/A
Generally in Spring
GA NRCS State Grazing
Specialist
(706) 546-2115
Intended to arouse the interest and adoption of new technology and approaches to conservation of the environment. Will aid states
to become compliant to governmental regulations regarding the environment.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/cig/
Financial Assistance
Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS)
Financial Assistance/
Technical Assistance
Provides opportunities for better use of resources, more plants to sequester greenhouse gases, more efficient ways to produce food and fiber, raw materials
for industrial processes, protection from erosion, habitat rebuilding for wildlife, and other positive natural resources. Rewards farmers who are doing a high
degree of conservation on their farms that provides benefits to all of society through improved soil, water and air quality.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/cpgl/
CPGL
CIG
Acronym
Table 1. Information about agencies and organizations associated with conserving natural resources and programs offered by that agency or
organization.
The following table provides information on programs available within the Upper Suwannee River Basin. The listed programs are divided
by agency. The information provided includes program name, acronym, assistance type, funding ranges, sign-up date, contact information,
and any specific comments. Some of the terms in the table include:
Cost-share
— A portion of the cost of the project or program is paid for by a party other than the sponsor. It is usually
described in percentages, i.e., 50 percent cost-share, 75 percent cost-share.
Technical Assistance — Help provided through education of a new technology, planning, plan implementation, assessment of plan
effectiveness, and any other means of assistance without providing funds.
N/A
— Not Applicable
Available Programs
7
Announced on
Federal Register
Notice
GA NRCS ASTC Programs
(706) 546-2083
Contact Information
Eligible Watersheds change
every year.
Comments
N/A
GA NRCS ASTC Operations
(706) 546-2097
Financial Assistance/Technical
Assistance
Dependant upon
individual lands
Within 60 days of a
disaster
GA Water Resources Team
Leader
(706) 546-2073
Program available after natural
disasters, selling watershed land.
Description
Grassland Reserve
Program
Financial Assistance/
Technical Assistance
Dependant upon
individual lands
Dependant upon
individual lands
Continuous Sign-up
GA NRCS ASTC Programs
(706) 546-2083
GA NRCS ASTC Programs
(706) 546-2083
Landowner cannot make requests
for themselves, must be made by
a sponsor.
Offers the chance for landowners to protect, restore and enhance their grasslands. Program is designed to conserve vulnerable grassland from being
converted to cropland as well as protecting the grassland to ensure future ranching viability.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/GRP/
GRP
Financial Assistance
Landowner must work with a local, state or private sponsor that works with farm land protection. Many qualifications to meet before being considered for
financial assistance: conservation plan for highly erodable land, privately owned, accessible to the markets they sell to, large enough to sustain agricultural
production, enough land to support a long-term agricultural production, and an adequate infrastructure and agricultural support services.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/frpp/
Two to ten year contracts.
Description
GA NRCS ASTC Programs
(706) 546-2083
Determined by
NRCS National
Office
Continuous Sign-up
FRPP
Average $15,000 –
$16,000
Farm and Ranch
Land Protection
Program
Financial
Assistance/Technical
Assistance
Provides assistance to farmers to address soil, water and other natural resource concerns on their land in an environmentally beneficial and cost-effective
manner. Use of conservation plans include structural, vegetative and land management practices to achieve the conservation goals.
Website: http://www.ga.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/eqip06.html
EQIP
To take on emergency measures to retard water run-off and slow or prevent soil erosion in an effort to save lives and property from fire, flood, and erosion
damage when a natural event has caused an impairment of a natural watershed area.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/ewp/
EWP
Provides assistance to help people conserve, maintain and improve their environment. Helps people plan and implement conservation on their land.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/cta/
Technical Assistance
Description
Environmental
Quality Incentives
Program
Description
Emergency
Watershed Protection
Description
CTA
Determined by local
office
Follows Tier System
Sign-up date
Conservation
Technical
Assistance
Financial
Assistance/Technical
Assistance
Range of Funds
Promotes the conservation and improvement of soil, water, air, energy, and plant and animal life. Includes cropland,
improved pasture, grassland, prairie land, range land, and forested land that is part of an agricultural operation.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/csp/
CSP
Conservation
Security Program
Financial Assistance/
Technical Assistance
Description
Acronym
Title of Program
8
Description
Wildlife Incentives
for Non-Game and
Game Species
Description
Wildlife Habitat
Incentives Program
Description
Wetlands Reserve
Program
Description
Plant Materials
Program
$50,000 - 500,000
Range of Funds
Generally in Spring
Sign-up date
GA NRCS State Grazing
Specialist
(706) 546-2115
Contact Information
Comments
N/A
N/A
Plant Materials Specialist,
Team Leader
(706) 546-2115
Depends on
Program Type
Continuous Sign-up
GA NRCS State Biologist
(706) 546-2309
Dependant upon
individual lands
Continuous Sign-up
GA NRCS State Biologist
(706) 546-2309
Signed agreements last between
five and ten years.
Financial
Assistance/Technical
Assistance
$50 per acre per
year over three
years
Generally in Spring
GA NRCS State Biologist
(706) 546-2309
Up to $1,500 per contract, May
reapply three years after last
contract has expired.
Incentives are provided to improve fish and wildlife habitat, most notably the bobwhite quail habitat. A highly effective program
for participants who are ineligible for other government funded programs.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/whip/
Financial
Assistance/Technical
Assistance
Financial incentives used to protect, restore, and enhance wetlands on the property emphasizing the habitat of migratory birds.
A main goal of the programs is that long-term wildlife conservation and protection are established. Three types of programs:
Restoration Cost-Share Agreement, 30 year Easement, and a Permanent Easement.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/wrp/
Financial
Assistance/Technical
Assistance
Using native plant materials to address the conservation needs of an area. Plant material would be used for
carbon sequestration, biomass, erosion reduction, improvement of water quality, etc.
Website: http://www.ga.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/pmprog.html
Technical Assistance
Seeks to maintain, restore and improve the management and productivity of the Nation's privately owned grazing lands.
Website: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/glci/
Financial Assistance
Financial Assistance/
Technical Assistance
A partnership between several electrical and gas companies and the NRCS. The individual or group committed to the “right-of-way,” a corridor where gas and
power lines pass through, will be responsible to its upkeep and must follow through on a program that they choose with the local NRCS office.
Website: www.tworiversrcd.org
WINGS
WHIP
WRP
PMP
GLCI
Grazing Lands
Conservation
Initiative
Description
Acronym
Title of Program
9
Description
Partners For Wildlife
Description
Irrigation Uniformity
(Mobile Irrigation
Lab)
Description
Conservation of Ag
Water Supplies
Description
Agricultural Water
Catchment Program
Description
Ag Lands
Title of Program
Range of Funds
Sign-up date
Contact Information
N/A
N/A
Rural Program Man.
706-542-3065
75% cost share, up
to $50,000
Sign-up during July
SW Regional Representative
229-995-6001
Financial Assistance
N/A
N/A
SW Regional Representative
229-995-6001
Provides irrigators incentives to construct catchments for the purpose of collecting run-off and rainfall for
irrigation uses thus reducing the stress on the Floridian Aquifer.
Website: http://gaswcc.georgia.gov
Financial Assistance
GASWCC: Conserving soli and water resources through the use of Best Management Practices as well as
decreased pesticide runoff from agricultural productions.
Website: http://gaswcc.georgia.gov
Technical Assistance
Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission (GASWCC)
Financial Assistance/
Technical Assistance
Comments
Financial Assistance
$3,000 - 5,000
Sign-up during July
Division Director
229-995-6001
90% cost share
Continuous Sign-up
SW Regional Representative
229-995-6001
Assistance from $5,000-10,00015,000 for buffers and up to
$20,000 for stream stabilization.
Program that provides financial assistance for establishing riparian buffers and stream bank stabilization.
Website: http://gaswcc.georgia.gov
Financial Assistance
Conducts center pivot evaluations to determine eligibility, a score of 70% or lower makes them eligible to receive a 75% cost share assistance
to replace pivot nozzles up to $5,000. If greater than ½ acre or applying irrigation to a public road then eligible for 75% cost share assistance
up to $3,000 to install end-gun shut off technology.
Website: http://gaswcc.georgia.gov
PFW
MIL
Conserving ground and surface waters through quantifying water usage, reducing dependence on ground and surface waters, performing irrigation audits and
applying the use of agricultural water catchments. Works to increase the uniformity and efficiency of irrigation systems.
Website: http://gaswcc.georgia.gov
Water
Metering
Program
Pond
Program
Acronym
10
Technical Assistance
Financial Assistance/
Technical Assistance
N/A
Range of Funds
N/A
Sign-up date
Program Manager
Contact Information
Comments
Georgia Forestry Commission (GFC)
To improve and protect Georgia’s urban soil and water resources using best management practices (BMPs) in the soil and water conservation districts. Also to
reduce erosion, sedimentation, as well as educating land disruptors, local governments, conservationists on urban BMPs.
Website: http://gaswcc.georgia.gov
Acronym
Description
Farmable Wetlands
Program
Description
Emergency
Conservation
Program
Description
Conservation
Reserve Program
Financial Assistance
Continuous Sign-up
FSA Survey AG Program
Specialist
(706) 546-2256
Sign-up period is announced.
FWP
ECP
Cost-share
assistance up to
75%
Clark Weaver, FSA Supvy AG
Program Specialist
(706) 546-2256
clark.weaver@ga.usda.gov
Conservation issues prior to
environmental disaster may be
ineligible.
Continuous Sign-up
Clark Weaver, FSA Supvy AG
Program Specialist
(706) 546-2256
clark.weaver@ga.usda.gov
Voluntary program aiming to restore 500,000 acres of farmable wetlands and buffers by improving the areas hydrology and vegetation.
Website: http://www.fsa.usda.gov/pas/publications/facts/html/farmwetland04.htm
Financial Assistance
Dependant upon
individual lands
Provides emergency assistance to farmland that has incurred damage following a natural disaster and for those who
provide water conservation assistance during times of extreme drought.
Website: http://www.fsa.usda.gov/pas/publications/facts/html/ecp04.htm
Financial
Assistance/Technical
Assistance
Establishing long-term resource conserving covers on areas of farmland that are deemed eligible. Works to conserve topsoil, reduce run-off and
sedimentation, protect groundwater, provide a windbreak and a habitat for wildlife.
Website: http://www.fsa.usda.gov/dafp/cepd/crp.htm
CRP
US Department of Agriculture – Farm Service Agency (USDA-FSA)
For more detailed information on assistance available from GFC contact County GFC office or the Georgia State office at 1.800.GA.TREES
(428-7337) or visit the GFC website at : http://www.gfc.state.ga.us
Description
Urban Lands
Title of Program
11
Financial
Assistance/Technical
Assistance
Aggregate payment
not exceeding
$100,000
Range of Funds
Continuous Sign-up
Sign-up date
Clark Weaver, FSA Supvy AG
Program Specialist
(706) 546-2256
clark.weaver@ga.usda.gov
Contact Information
Comments
Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR)
PFW Coordinator
(912) 256-9336
Maximum of $25,000 provided.
Continuous Sign-up
AgP2 Coordinator
(706) 542-9067
Funding for this work was provided by a grant from the USDA-CSREES Integrated Research, Extension, and Education
Program (Award No. 2005-51130-02377), by Hatch and State funds allocated to the Georgia Agricultural Experiment
Stations, and the Georgia Department of Natural Resources Pollution Prevention Assistance Division.
Description
N/A
Provides assistance to farmers and rural residents on pollution prevention activities for animal production, animal waste issues, cropland management,
composting methods, and land application as well as advising them on Best Management Practices. Promotes sustainable agriculture activities and education
and distributes Georgia Farm *A* Syst environmental assessments.
Website: http://www.AgP2.org
Ag P2
Technical Assistance
(through UGA Extension
Service)
AG P2 Program
Maximum cost
share up to 100%
Tommy Bass - Animal Waste
Barbara Bellows - Ag Partnership
Julia Gaskin - Land Application
Gary Hawkins - Row Crop
Rose Mary Seymour - Green
Industry
Financial
Assistance/Technical
Assistance
Description
PFW
Providing assistance to individuals who wish to enhance the surrounding wildlife and fish habitats, especially for endangered species. The main emphasis in
Georgia is: longleaf pine habitat restoration and enhancement (which includes restoration of the understory), stream/riparian habitat restoration, and
endangered and threatened species habitat restoration and improvement.
Website: http://georgiawildlife.dnr.state.ga.us/
Partners for Fish
and Wildlife
For more detailed information on potential assistance available from GA DNR contact them at
2 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, S. E., Suite 1252 East Tower, Atlanta, GA 30334, (404) 656-3500 or http://www.gadnr.org
Description
FLEP
Forest Land
Enhancement
Program
Financial Assistance/
Technical Assistance
Growth enhancement practices are implemented to sustain the long-term productivity of timber and non-timber forest resources to help
meet future public demand and provide environmental benefits. Some other objectives are to reduce the risks as well as help restore the
damage to forests caused by fire, insects, invasive species, disease, and damaging weather.
Website: http://www.fs.fed.us/spf/coop/programs/loa/flep.shtml
Acronym
Title of Program
The University of Georgia and Ft. Valley State University, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and
counties of the state cooperating. Cooperative Extension, the University of Georgia College of
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, offers educational programs, assistance and materials to all
people without regard to race, color, national origin, age, gender or disability.
An Equal Opportunity Employer/Affirmative Action Organization
Committed to a Diverse Work Force
Bulletin 1335
January, 2008
Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, The University
of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences and the U.S. Department of Agriculture
cooperating.
J. Scott Angle, Dean and Director