University of Babylon, IT College
Information Network Dep., Third Class, Second Semester
MTCNA Course
MikroTik Certified Network Associate
2015-2016
By M.Sc. I.T Alaa A. Mahdi
Objectives
• Upgrade RouterOS ;
• Bootloader Upgrade;
• get packages;
• upgrade ways;
• type of packages;
• Manage RouterOS logging;
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Bootloader Upgrade Methods
• Check your RouterBOARD Bootloader version:
[admin@MikroTik] > system routerboard print
• routerboard: yes
• model: "750"
• serial-number: "1FC201DD513B"
• current-firmware: "2.18"
• upgrade-firmware: "2.20"
[admin@MikroTik] >
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Bootloader Upgrade Methods
1. New Bootloader versions come with the
routerboard.npk package when you install and
upgrade your router. Do the upgrade command
now:
[admin@MikroTik] > system routerboard upgrade
Routerboot will be upgraded.
2. You can upload the Bootloader file directly to
the Files folder in RouterOS, and do the
command then.
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Bootloader Upgrade Methods
3. If there is no IP connectivity with your
RouterBOARD, you can also use the Serial
Console XMODEM transfer to send the FWF file
to the router, while connected via Serial
Console. From the Bootloader menu it's possible
to upgrade the firmware with this method. This
method is the last resort, and should be used
only if the first two methods are not available.
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RouterOS Upgrade Methods
You can upgrade RouterOS in the following ways:
1- Winbox – drag and drop files to the Files menu
2- FTP - upload files to root directory
3- The Dude
Note: RouterOS cannot be upgraded
through serial cable. Using this method
only RouterBOOT can be upgraded.
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Upgrade process
• First step - visit www.mikrotik.com and
head to the download page, there choose
the type of system you have the RouterOS
installed on.
• Download the Combined package, it will
include all the functionality of RouterOS:
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Using Winbox
• Connect to your router with Winbox, Select the
downloaded file with your mouse, and drag it to
the Files menu. If there are some files already
present, make sure to put the package in the
root menu, not inside the hotspot folder!
• The upload will start.
• After it finishes - REBOOT and that's all! The
New version number will be seen in the Winbox
Title and in the Packages menu.
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Using FTP
• Open your favourite FTP program (in this
case it is Filezilla), select the package and
upload it to your router (demo2.mt.lv is the
address of my router in this example).
• You can open the main directory file of the
router board through the path
ftp://192.168.88.1
Where 192.168.88.1 is the ip address of
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your RB
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If you wish, you can check if the file is successfully
transferred onto the router (optional):
And reboot your router for the upgrade process to begin :
system reboot
After the reboot, your router will be up to date, you can check it in this menu:
/system package print
if your router did not upgrade correctly, make sure you check the log
More Info. On Package see System-Packages PDF file
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Log
• RouterOS is capable of logging (track)
various system events and status
information. Logs can be saved in routers
memory (RAM), disk, file, sent by email or
even sent to remote syslog server.
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Logging configuration
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Rule
• topics
– log all messages that falls into specified topic
or list of topics.
For example, we want to log NTP debug info
without too much details:
/system logging add topics=ntp,debug,!packet
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Rule
• prefix
prefix added at the beginning of log
messages.
• action
specifies one of the system default actions
or user specified action listed in actions
menu
Default: memory: logs are stored in local
memory buffer.
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Logging Example Logging to file
• To log everything to file, add new log
action:
/system logging action add name=File
target=disk disk-file-name=Log
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• and then make everything log using this
new action:
/system logging action=File
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• You can log only errors there by issuing
command:
• /system
action=File
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logging
topics=error
• This will log into files log.0.txt and
log.1.txt.
• You can specify maximum size of file in
lines by specifying disk-lines-per-file.
<file>.0.txt is active file were new logs are
going to be appended and once it size will
reach maximum it will become <file>.1.txt,
and new empty <file>.0.txt will be created.
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• You can log into USB flashes or into
MicroSD/CF (on Routerboards) by
specifying it's directory name before file
name. For example, if you have accessible
usb flash as usb1 directory under /files,
you should issue following command:
• /system logging action add name=usb
target=disk disk-file-name=usb1/log
• For more information see Manual:System/Log
Pdf file
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