International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue4- April 2013
Battery Monitoring System
Pavuluri Mounika* , M.Anil Kumar**
*(IV/IV B.Tech Department of Electronics and communication engineering,
K.L.University, Andhra Pradesh,India)
**(Assistant Professor ,Department of Electronics and communication engineering,
K.L.University, Andhra Pradesh,India)
(Battery
guarding the other batteries from damage. So,
Monitoring System) gives online and offline status
the total battery life is prolonged by monitoring
of batteries which are monitored by the bank so
of batteries.
Abstract--
The
project
of
BMS
that we can prevent the batteries prior to failure
It logs the monitored data to generate
However, Battery Monitoring System specifically
the various reports like charged AH, net AH
measure, record and analyze the individual cell
discharged during power failure, when data is
and
in
uploaded to PC from BMS.It also gives the
detail.Continuous monitoring and analysis of these
graphical representation of each battery/cell to
parameters can be used to identify battery or cell
understand the behaviour of each battery/cell
deterioration, hence prompting action to avoid
during charging & discharging state. It also
unplanned power interruption.Battery Monitoring
generates alarms based on minimum and
System (BMS) is a microprocessor based intelligent
maximum values which can be set by the user
system capable of monitoring the health of battery
according to his wish based on the battery
bank. BMS calculates the battery’s capacity,
bank/banks connected to the battery health
deterioration of batteries in battery bank during
monitoring system.
battery
module
parameters
the charge / discharge cycles and actual efficiency
of the batteries.It continuously monitors each cell
in the battery bank to identify deterioration in the
cell prior to failure,identifies the net charge in the
battery
bank
by
monitoring
charging
and
discharging currents.
Keywords--- Monitoring,power interruption,
deterioration, efficiency,module
I. INTRODUCTION
The main objective of BMS is to inform the
II. SALIENT FEATURES
users regarding:Present state of the battery
BMS
bank,Health of each individual battery in a
battery,Charging,discharging
battery bank,Failure conditions of batteries and
currents,AC
alert the users,Net charge present in battery bank
frequency,Temperature
and backup time.If each battery is monitored
battery and ambient temperature,Live reports of
individually then any damage can be monitored
all
to take necessary preventive action, safe
representation.,Visual and audible alarms when
ISSN: 2231-538
is
the
capable
of
monitoring:Individual
mains
batteries
http://www.ijettjournal.org
of
in
and
load
voltage
and
each
a
individual
graphical
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue4- April 2013
fault is triggered,Monitors 16 digital inputs(for
tests should be recorded and tabulated for
monitoring charger or load ON/OFF status,Five
reference analysis and data trending.
digital outputs are available for charger ON/OFF
3.3 Benefits Of Frequent Maintenance
control from central place,History data of all
Is normal battery systems working without
measured parameters are logged for further
interruption? When maintenance is performed
analysis and future reference.
frequently the user gets information about-when
III. REASONS TO BATTERY MONITORING
the maintenance is performed?, when are the
There are many arguments for monitoring,but
quarterly
the most obvious reasons are To increase system
performed?,that will provide the user required
reliability,Cost
information..
savings
from
reduced
and
annually
routines
are
maintenance hours and optimized battery life
3.4 Impact Of Infrequent Maintenance
that justifies initial investments,Personnel safety.
User will not have the sufficient information and
3.1 Battery Maintenance
conditions of battery plant.Moreover
The main items of concern
for
battery
long
interval maintenance visits, may result battery
maintenance are typically time requirements,
plant failures.
man power and skill elements needed to enhance
3.4 Impact If The Maintenance Is Not
the battery maintenance.In present scenario
Performed In The Battery Plant
company field technicians don't have time for
If the battery plants are not maintained at all then
testing batteries "for battery maintenance, while
short result may be that money can be saved, but
in case of failures.They need training,tooling,test
then the longterm result of battery plant will be
equipment and work experience to become
failed completely and some of the consequences
knowledge and effective in safe handling,
after
operating and maintaining led acid battery
explosion,Noxious gases and loss of business
system.If the telecom technical forces cannot
etc....
maintain battery systems then one of the
3.5 More Economics For Maintenance
alternatives
battery
The maintenance and testing routines will rely
maintenance to organizations that specialized,but
on a technicians availability and ability to reach
then outsource specialist involves high cost for
the locations requiring service.This provides a
maintenance,testing etc.,So,only the telecom
regular and periodic opportunity to perform
sectors
battery
is
back
to
outsource
way from
their
their
specialized
battery
plant
system
failures
maintenance
are
during
fire
this
personnels.One other approach is that some of
sites.Hence the economics of travel and time are
these users believe that the investment into
minimized while the battery routine itself is
maintenance is worthless,since no matter how
normally very brief.
much the labor is expended.
3.6 Is Maintenance Enough?
3.2 Why Maintenance?
If telecom company personnel perform the
The primary goal for repetitive maintenance is to
maintenance these site personnel will have a
ensure that battery system operating levels and
greater sense of awareness and responsibility for
conditions
the power plant.This is the best possible
remains
optimal.Some
of
the
measures to be taken to ensure that operating
situation although quite difficult to achieve.
levels stay within the prescribed normal range
and a safe operating environment is maintained
IV. BATTERY MONITORING
are Frequent usual checks,online and offline
When considering battery monitoring some basic
measurements,component
etc....
items include cost,inputs,physical size and
Should be done periodically.Maintenance and
mechanical connections of a battery and at the
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adjustments
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue4- April 2013
device terminals.Overall system interface and
telecom
network
channel
Ability to remotely retrieve data saves time and
requirements to access,retrieve and delete the
improves efficiency,Analysis of data allows
monitor information.By battery monitoring we
remedial action for individual cells to extend
will have the analysis of present,past and
their life,Purchasing of batteries through planned
future,it will make easy to rectify failures or to
schedules
detect the failure.The monitoring system does
replacement,Documentary evidence for battery
not see or detect terminal and post corrosion,acid
warranty issues,Provides an event log for all
leakage,conductive acid traces and path leading
activities affecting the battery bank,Alarm
to ground shorts etc.,Most or all of these can be
notification when operating parameters are
done by maintenance and visual inspection.
exceeded,Accurate,automatic capture of data for
4.1 Battery monitor can do
every one second and report generation.
Monitoring
is
communication
VI. ADVANTAGES TO USERS
to
measure
and
not
by
emergency
different
parameters,record events,generate alarms,store
VII. APPLICATIONS AND EFFECTS OF
history and present this information locally and
BATTERY FAILURE
remotely to the user.it helps to store a large
Defence sector and submarines Machine critical
percentage of the performance measurements
operation may fail,Railways Problem swith
and test data that are obtained manually during
signaling
routine maintenance visits.
telephone
4.2 Battery monitor cannot do
fail,Hospitals Interruption may occur during
Monitor cannot detect tighten loose connections
operations,IT
of a battery,leaking battery cells with battery
loss,Bank ATM's Transactions may fail.
and
controlling,Cell
exchanges
towers
Communication
industries
Results
in
and
may
data
acid,corroding of connections that may cause
high resistance and a fire hazard.the monitor
cannot
perform
for
Continuos monitoring of individual batteries in a
corrosion,jar cracks,leakage etc.the monitor does
battery bank.Able to monitor multiple battery
not test for and detect battery cell capacity.the
banks.Multiple BMU's can be connected in
monitor
battery
network to a centralized place.Network may be
straps,clean connections,and reassemble and
wired or wireless.Wired media(LAN or Leased
tighten hardware.
Line Modem or RS232 communication)Wireless
does
visual
not
inspections
VIII. SPECIAL FEATURES OF BMS
disassemble
media(GSM modem communication).Accuracies
V. BLOCK DIAGRAM
are up to 99%.
CONCLUSION
Battery Health Monitoring System (BHMS)
plays a vital role in Battery critical applications
where backup is quite crucial for the continuous
operation of load.Using BHMS, weak/failed
battery in a bank can be identified prior to
occurrence of failure through net charge & back
up calculation by which loads can be planned &
other means of power source like generator can
be turned on. By replacing the particular
failed/weak battery, remaining batteries in a
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue4- April 2013
bank will not be damaged instead, they will be
properly utilized without replacing the entire
bank & life of the weak battery can be extended
to some extent by individual charging method or
by adding distilled water/acid if it is a
maintenance battery.
REFERENCES
[1].IEEE
Standard
450-2002
IEEE
Recommended Practice for Maintenance,
Testing, and Replacement of Vented LeadAcid Batteries for Stationary Applications
[2].Battery Monitoring - Three Short Stories by
Gary
J.
Markle
Director
of
Marketing,BTECH, Inc.,Whippany, NJ
[3].New concepts in battery monitoring and
maintenance at nuclear power
plants by
Kyle Floyd ,Founder .Covenant Service
Company,LLC ,Columbiana, AL 35051
[4].Design of An Embedded System For
Monitoring and Controlling Temperature and
Light by A. Goswami , T. Bezboruah and K.C.
Sarma
[5].Advanced microprocessor peripherals second
edition by A.K.RAY
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