International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 21 Number 8 – March 2015
AnalysisofEDFAinaWDMSystemfor Noise reduction,
GainFlatness,andincreaseinQuality Factor
AmitSharma,ShippuSachdeva
M.Techstudentatlovelyprofessionaluniversity
Phagwara,Punjab,India
Assistanceprofessoratlovelyprofessionaluniversity
Phagwara,Punjab,India
II.METHOD
Abstract—
Thispaperisabouttoachievinggainflatnessandreducingnoise
figure using EDFA (erbium
doped fiber amplifier)
andGFF(gainflattening
filter)inWDM
(wavelength
divisionmultiplexing)system.EDFAisused
through
optimizedfiberlengthatdifferentpumping
power.
Gainis
flattenedwithin31.37±0.76dBmfrom1546nmto
1558nmbandofwavelengthwithnoisefiguremaximumvalue
5.21dbm andmini mu mvalue4.84dBmatoutput power
82mw andBER (biterrorrate)3.766e-116
andQF(quality
factor)22.87.EDFA
amplifyinputsignalbyintermixing
inputsignalwith
pumppowerintodopedfiber.EDFA
check
possibilityofdatatransmission
bycalculatingSNRandBER
theoretically.GFFisused
toachieveflatoutputsignalbecause
someattenuation isproducewhenittravelsthrough
channel,
duetodelay, fading.
Keywords:- EDFA,WDM,GFF,SNR,NF,QF.
The system consist a WDM transmitter of 16
channelswithfrequency
range193THzto194.5THz
withfrequency
spacing100GHzbetweenthemat
standardinputpower-26dbm.Two
isolatorsareusedto
reduceintermixingoftwoormoresignal.EDFAisusedtoam
plify
inputsignal.Pumplaserprovide
external
powertoinputsignal.GFFflattened
thesignal
andgivesmoothamplitudesignal.WDM-mux,
WDMde-mux, Low pass Bessel filter is set at cut off
frequency 0.75whichpassonly particularfrequency
signal.3Rregenerator,
PhotodetectorPINasshownin
fig.1
I. INTRODUCTION
In today’s worldeveryone wantsmore andmore speedon
internetordatatransmissionrate.Allofuswantsfastwayto
communicate with each other.Thisneedoffastspeedcanbe
fullfilledwiththe useof optical fiber.Transfer datafrom one
place tootherat faster speed can be obtained with the use of
optical fiber. EDFA is used to amplify input signal, it
contain
apowerlaserwhenalightsignalpassedthrough
it
thensignalwavelengthandpumpwavelength
arepropagate
throughanEDFand
the
resultingsignalisamplify
byintermixingof
inputsignalwavelength
andpumplaserwavelength.
WDM
transmitter
isusedtogenerateinputsignal,hereweused16
channelsWDM
whichgenerateinput
signalof
frequency193THzto194.7THzwithfrequencyspacingof100GH
zatstandardpowerof-26dbmwithNRZ(non-return
to
zero).GFFisusedtoflattenedthegainofreceivedsignal
because
receivedsignalis notsmoothasit sendbytransmitterw i t h some
attenuation,
produced
duringtravelling
of
signal
throughchannel.WDMde-muxisused
toconvert
one
inputtomultiple
output
signal
here
weuse1to16demux.Photodetector
PINisusedtodetectthe
lightsignalandextractoriginalmessagefromit.
Fig.1. Schematicdesignof
EDFAinWDMsystem
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Page 373
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 21 Number 8 – March 2015
III.RESULTSAND DISCUSSIONS
A.Gain andNoisefigurevariation
fordifferentpump powers
Pumppowerisvaryingfrom70mw
to100mw,below
70mw
pumppowergainflatness
andnoisefiguregivesworstresultas
wedecreasepumppower,
similarlyabove
100mwpumppower
gainflatness
andnoisefigurealsogiveworstresult. It meansthe
bestresultisliesbetween70mwto100mw.Byvarying
pump powerfrom70mwto100mwtheoptimum result is
foundatpump
power82mw.Nowthe
pump
powerisfixedat82mw,byvarying
EDFAlengthfrom2mto7mobtaindifferent
resultatdifferent
EDFAlengthbestresultisobtainatEDFA
length5misgain
flatness
31.37±0.76
dBmandnoisefiguremaximumvalue5.21
dBmandminimumvalue4.84dBm.
TABLE 1
Pumpingpowervariationtable
Pump
Power
70
Gain
Flatness
30.64±0.81
NoiseFigure
Max Min
5.32
4.92
Quality
factor
21.91
75
30.96±0.79
5.27
4.88
22.52
80
31.36±0.77
5.23
4.85
21.76
82
31.37±0.76
5.21
4.84
22.87
90
31.79±0.81
5.16
4.79
21.23
100
32.26±0.86
5.10
4.75
21.78
5mgain
flatnessagainstartincreasing,noisefigurealsoincrease
asweincreaseEDFAlength.Qualityfactorminimum
atEDFA
length2m
andmaximum
atEDFAlength3m,fromabovetable
optimumresult
foundatEDFAlength5m.
ISSN: 2231-5381
Fig.2 EyeDiagram
Theabovetableclearlyshows that as weincreasepump
powerfrom70mwto100mwgainflatnessstartsdecreasin
g
to82mwaswefurtherincrease
pumppowerfrom
82mwgain flatnessstartincreasingweobtainoptimum
resultat82mw.In
case
ofnoisefigure
as
pumppowerincreasesnoisefigurestarts
decreasing.Qualityfactormaximumatpumppower70m
wis
21.91andminimum
atpumppower90mwis21.23butbest
overallresultobtainfrom
abovetableisatpumppower82mw
withgainflatness
31.37±0.76dBm,noisefiguremaximum
5.21
andminimum4.84,andqualityfactor22.87.
B.Gain
andNoisefigurevariationfordifferentEDFAlength
TABLE 2
EDFAfiberlengthis varyingfrom
2m to6m.
Fromabovetable
gain
flatnessisincreaseasweincreaseEDFA
lengthfrom2mto4m,at5mgainflatnessisminimumabov
e
EDFA
length
GainFlatness
Quality
Factor
21.26±1.61
NoiseFigure
Max
Min
3.2
3.1
2
3
27.92±1.76
3.5
3.3
25.07
4
30.47±1.31
4.1
3.9
24.02
5
31.37±0.76
5.2
4.8
22.87
6
31.66±1.34
6.5
5.8
19.58
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12.5
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 21 Number 8 – March 2015
[5]. Paramjeetkauret al, “Speed Enhancementof
Network
UsingEDFAOptical
Amplifier”,In
InternationalJournalof
Electrical,ElectronicandMechanical
Controls,Vol3Issue1, January-2014.
[6].Farah
DianaBintiMahadetal,“EDFAGainOptimization
forWDMSystem”,InELEKTRIKA
Department
ofOpticand
TelematicsEngineering,Vol.11,No.1,2009.
[7].M.M.Ismailetal,“EDFA-WDM
OpticalNetworkDesign
System”,
InSciVerseScienceDirect,Malaysian
Technical
UniversitiesConferenceonEngineeringAndTechnology
2012, MUCET2012.
[8].S.Semmalar etal,“Optimized GainEDFAofdifferent
lengths
with
an
influence
of
pumping
power”, In
Engineering
college,
puducherry,
India.
Fig.3BERDiagram
IV.CONCLUSION
Gain
flatnessis
obtainatpumppower82dBmandEDFAlength
5m i s 31.37±0.76, noise figure maximum v a lue
5.21and
minimumvalue4.84,andqualityfactor22.87.Asweincre
ase
pumppowerfrom
70mwgainflatness
startsdecreasingtill82mw
above82mwitstartsincreasing.Atfixedpumppower82m
wby varying EDFA length from 2m to 7m, we
found
first
gain
flatnessstartincreasing1.61dBMto1.78dBm thenitstart
decreasing
aboveEDFAlengthitcontinuous
increase,wefound optimumresultatEDFAlengthat5m.
References
[1]P.NagaSivaKumar,A.Sangeetha,“GainflatnessofED
FA
inWDMsystem”,Internationalconferenceoncommunica
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[2]MrinmayPal,PalasBiswas,RanjanSen,“Studyof gain
flatnessformultichannelamplificationinsinglestageEDFA
forWDMapplication”,Springer.
[3]. DeepikaVermaetal,“GainFlatnessandBitErrorRate
Improvements
foranEDFAinWDMSystem”,InInternational
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[4].
ShwetaBharti,
“EDFAWDMOpticalNetworkusingGFF”,
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