USDA Forest Service - Region One
Identification of and Solutions to
Unsafe Working Conditions
in Forest Service Facilities
April 1998
USDA Forest Service - Region One
Regional Safety & Health Leadership Team
in cooperation with the
Regional Facilities Group
1
Presents . . .
Identification of
&
Solutions to
Unsafe Working Conditions
in Forest Service Facilities
3
About this Program . . .
This is a slide/ text presentation. It can be used
on its own for orientation or used with the
accompanying text. Number(s) and letter(s)
references, which are generally in the lower
right hand corner, refer to code violation(s) in
text.
4
2
Reference Key
I. Housekeeping
A. Clean and free of hazards (OSHA 1910.22, .141)
B. Grounds free of weeds and debris (UFC 1103.2.4)
C. Equipment/Furnace/Electrical Panel Rooms (UFC 1103.3.2.4) Combustible
Combustible
material shall not be stored in mechanical or electrical equipment
equipment rooms.
D. Material Storage (H&S Code)
E. Other
II. Walking and Working Surfaces
A. Stairs (OSHA 1910.24, UBC 1006, NFPA 10151015-2.2, UCBC 405.1)
B. Guardrails and toeboards (OSHA 1910.23, UBC 509, UCBC 405, NFPA
NFPA 10151015-2.2.4))
C. Ladders (OSHA 1910.25, .26, .27)
D. Safe loadings of shelves, lofts, etc. posted (OSHA 1910.22)
E. Other
5
Reference Key
III. Exits and Related Features
A. Exit construction, width, number (OSHA 1910.37, UBC 1003 and 1005, NFPA 101
Section 5.3) For the majority of Forest Service buildings the minimum
minimum corridor
width will be 36" for buildings having an occupant load of 49 and
and less and, for
others. Most will be 1 hour fire rated and will require 2 exits.
exits.
B. Exits unobstructed (OSHA 1910.37, UBC 1005.4, UFC 1103.3.2.3)
1103.3.2.3)
C. Exit Signing (OSHA 1910.37, UBC Section 1013, NFPA 101)
D. Interior finishes (NFPA 10161016-5, UBC 801.1801.1-806)
E. Evacuation plan posting & adequacy (OSHA 1910.38)
F. Furnishings (OSHA 1910.37, NFPA 1013110131-1.2,)
G. Other
6
3
Reference Key
IV. Fire Protection
A. Fire extinguisher types (OSHA 1910.157 (d) I UFC STANDARD 1010-1)
B. Fire extinguisher spacing, location and mounting (OSHA 1910.157
1910.157 (d), NFPA
10, UFC Standard 1010-1)
C. Fire extinguisher inspection maintenance and testing (OSHA 1910.157
1910.157 (e),
NFPA 10)
D. Fire ladders (H&S Code)
E. Smoke Detectors (UBC 310.9, Federal Fire Safety Act of 1992) Smoke
detectors are required in every sleeping room and corridor on every
every floor and
shall be hardwired and interconnected when power is from a commercial
commercial
source.
F. Fire extinguishers for residential use (UFC Standard 1010-1)
G. Other
7
Reference Key
V. Machine Guarding
A. Saws, grinders, & other machinery (OSHA 1910.212, 213, 215)
B. Other protective devices (OSHA 1910.219)
C. Other
VI. Electrical
A. Circuit breakers identified, properly sized (OSHA 1910.303, NEC 384.13).
All panelboard circuits and circuit modifications shall be legibly identified
as to purpose or use on a circuit directory located on the face or inside of
the panel doors.
(continued on next slide)
8
4
Reference Key
VI. Electrical (continued)
B. Working space adequate (OSHA 1910.303, NEC 110110-16). Working clearance at
electrical panels shall be 30" wide by 36" in front of panel for majority of
situations.
C. Live parts guarded (OSHA 1910.303, NEC 110110-17). Live parts of electrical
equipment operating at 50 volts or more shall be guarded against accidental
contact by approved enclosures.)
D. System grounded (OSHA 1910.304, NEC Article 250) All electrical
electrical systems shall
be effectively grounded.
E. Receptacles and polarity (OSHA 1910.304, 305, NEC Article 410
410-L)
F. Cords, cord connectors, and caps (OSHA 1910.305, UFC Section 8506)
G. Lighting fixtures, lampholders,
lampholders, Lamps (OSHA 1910.305, NEC Article 410)
H. Appliances, motors (OSHA 1910.305, NEC Article 422 and 430)
I. MultiMulti-plug adaptors not permitted (UFC Section 8507)
J. Other
9
Reference Key
VII. Gas Appliances
A. Gas appliances (NFPA 545.1.8, 5.1.9, 5.1.10, UMC 308.2)
B. Physical Protection (NFPA 54 5.1.9)
C. Accessibility (NFPA 545.2.1)
D. Shutoff valve (UMC 303.2)
E. Clearance from combustibles (NFPA 545.2.2)
F. Appliance shutoff valves and access (NFPA 545.5.4)
G. Appliance connectors (NFPA 545.5.5)
H. Dryers (NFPA 54 6.4)
I. Infrared heaters (NFPA 54 6.19)
J. Room heaters (NFPA 54 6.24)
K. Industrial air heaters (NFPA 546.9)
L. Ventilation and connectors (NFPA 54 5.3)
M. Other
10
5
Reference Key
VIII. LP Gas
A. Location and storage (UFC 8204, UFCS 8282-1)
B. NoNo-Smoking signs (UFC 8208)
C. Clearance from combustibles (UFC 8209)
D. Protection from vehicles (UFC 8210)
E. Prohibited installation (UFC 304.6)
F. Other
IX. Compressed Gases
A. Cylinder condition (OSHA 1910.101, CGA pamphlet PP-1)
B. Storage (UFC 7402, NFPA 59 33-2.3)
C. Other
11
Reference Key
X. Water Heaters
A. Pressure and temperature relief Valve (UPC 1007, H&S Code)
B. Gas Water Heater (UPC 1305)
C. NonNon-gas water heater (UPC 1306)
D. Other
XI. Flammable and Combustible Liquids
A. Storage containers (OSHA 1910.106 (d), (g), Subpart H)
B. Storage cabinets (OSHA 1910,106 (d)
C. Emergency power cutoff (for dispenser) (OSHA 1910.106 (g) (3)
(3) (iii))
D. Ignition sources out of hazardous Areas (OSHA 1910.106 (g)(6))
(g)(6))
E. Other
12
6
Reference Key
XII. Miscellaneous
A. First aid supplies readily available (OSHA 1910.151 (d))
B. Woodstove chimneys, spark arrestor, oily rags Maintained (H&S
(H&S Code, UFC
1109.7, UFC 1103.2.1.3)
C. OSHA posters (OSHA 1960.12)
D. Personal protective equipment (OSHA 1910 Subpart I)
E. Caution, Danger signs (FS H&S Code, OSHA 1910.144)
F. Toilet ball cock (UPC 1003)
G. Bookcases, tall cabinets anchored (H & S)
H. Noise (OSHA 1910.95)
I. Hazardous Materials (OSHA Subpart H)
J Pesticide Storage (UFC 8601)
K. Other
13
This
Thisis
isaahistorical
historicalsign
signat
atNinemile
NinemileRanger
RangerDistrict
District (Lolo
(Lolo
National
Forest).
It
identifies
the
safety
culture
heritage
National Forest). It identifies the safety culture heritage
that
thatis
isstill
stilleffective
effectivetoday.
today.
7
Why Emphasize Safety?
The General Accounting Office and the Dept. of
Labor assure a minimum of $4.00 in savings for
every $1.00 invested in safety.
15
•12 Major Topics
I Housekeeping
I Walking and Working Surfaces
I Exits and Related Features
I Fire Protection
I Machine Guarding
I Electrical
16
8
•12 Major Topics (cont.)
I Gas Appliances
I LP Gas
I Compressed Gases
I Water Heaters
I Flammable and Combustible Liquids
I Miscellaneous
17
The
The
Potential
Potential
Bomb
Bomb
I.A, I.D, XII.I
9
Housekeeping
19
I.A, I.B, I.D
Keep
Keep grounds
grounds
free
free of
of weeds
weeds
and
and debris.
debris.
10
Electrical panels blocked etc, etc, etc
I.A, I.C, I.D, VI.B, XII.G
I.A, I.C, I.D, IV.B, VI.B, XII.D
I.A, I.D, II.D
Clean
Clean and
and free
free
of
of hazards???
hazards???
I.A, I.D, VI.B, IX.B
11
Who’s
Who’s mess
mess is
is
this
this anyway?!?!
anyway?!?!
I.A, I.D
I.A, I.D
Keep
Keep itit neat
neat
and
and organized!!!
organized!!!
I.A, I.D
12
Do
Do not
not
store
store
under
under
stairs.
stairs.
I.A, I.D
Trusses
Trusses
are
are not
not
designed
designed
II.D
for
for
these
these
loads.
loads.
II.D
13
Walking and Working Surfaces
28
14
Landings
Landings
are
are required
required
at
at all
all doors.
doors.
Here:
Here: at
at top
top
step.
step.
II.A
29
II.A, II.B
Guardrails
Guardrails needed.
needed.
No
No open
open risers
risers allowed.
allowed.
II.A, II.B, IV.B
30
15
II.A, II.B
Tripping
Tripping
hazard.
hazard.
Railings
Railings need
need
to
to be
be extended
extended
for
for persons
persons
with
with disabilities
disabilities
II.A
31
II.B
Public access:
Guardrails
42” high, 4” spacing.
32
16
II.A-D, XII.G
II.A, II.B
Non-public access:
Guardrails 42” high, 12” spacing.
33
34
17
Safe
Safe loading
loading
posted.
posted.
II.B
Overloaded
Overloaded
shelves.
shelves.
I.A, I.D, II.D
35
No defects in ladders allowed.
II.C
36
18
Grounds not free of weeds.
Old defective ladder.
I.B, II.C
37
II.C, VI.C
7”
7” toe
toe space
space required.
required.
Electrical
Electrical needs
needs to
to be
be
in
in conduit.
conduit.
II.C, VI.J
38
19
Construction
Construction Barriers???
Barriers???
39
Exits and Related Features
40
20
20” CLEAR
Egress
Egress windows
windows required
required
from
from all
all sleeping
sleeping rooms.
rooms.
MINIMUM SIZE
WINDOW FOR
20” CLEAR WIDTH
24” CLEAR
OPENABLE AREA
=5.7 sq.ft.
44” MAX.
OPENABLE
AREA
=5.7 sq.ft.
41” CLEAR
34.5” CLEAR
MINIMUM SIZE
WINDOW FOR
24” CLEAR HEIGHT
FLOOR
41
Good
Good fire
fire
escape
escape ladder.
ladder.
Window
Window may
may
not
not meet
meet size
size
requirement.
requirement.
42
21
III.A
Nice attempt but does not meet requirements.
43
Even I
could get
out through
this window.
44
22
Where’s the
sign?
III.C
45
III.B, III.C, IV.B
III.B, III.C
46
23
47
Violations
Violations galore!!!!!
galore!!!!!
II.B, II.C, II.D, III.C
48
24
It says:
“You are here”,
but WHERE
AM I!!!!!!???
III.E
49
Fire Protection
50
25
Fire
Fire
extinguishers
extinguishers
should
should be
be
marked
marked out
out of
of
service.
service.
IV.A-C
51
Out
of
date!
Where did it go?
II.B, IV.B
IV.C
52
26
This
This
removed
removed
battery
battery
may
may cost
cost aa
life.
life.
IV.E
53
Machine Guarding
54
27
V.B
No
No belt
belt guard.
guard.
Has
Has itit all!
all!
55
Guards
Guards
needed
needed for
for
belts,
belts,
gears,
gears, and
and
pinch
pinch
points.
points.
V.A, V.B
56
28
V.A, V.B
Guards,
Guards, guards,
guards, guards!
guards!
57
58
29
V.A, V.B
Ensure guards are attached
and spaced correct distance from grinder.
Safety guard - max. 1/4”.
Work rest - max. 1/8”.
59
V.A, V.B
V.A,V.B, VI.C
Belt guards and
inspection tags required on compressors.
60
30
V.B
Homemade
Homemade nozzle
nozzle
not
not allowed.
allowed.
Pressure
Pressure max.
max. is
is
30
30 psi.
psi.
61
Not
Not
organized.
organized.
V.C
62
31
Good
Good
hand
hand
tool
tool
storage.
storage.
63
V.D
Beam
Beam not
not designed
designed
for
for point
point load.
load.
64
32
V.D
Missing
Missing
finger
finger guard.
guard.
65
180
180 oo
guard
guard
required
required
on
on all
all
hand
hand
grinders.
grinders.
V.A, V.B, VI.F
66
33
Electrical
67
VI.A
Lock
Lock out
out -- tag
tag out.
out.
Breakers
Breakers not
not identified.
identified.
Live
Live parts
parts not
not guarded.
guarded.
VI.A, VI.C
68
34
VI.B
Clearance
Clearance at
at electrical
electrical
panels
panels shall
shall be
be
30”
30” wide
wide xx 36”
36” in
in front.
front.
VI.A, VI.B
69
Good
Good
clearance
clearance
around
around
electrical
electrical
panel.
panel.
70
35
Live
Live parts
parts
exposed
exposed
in
in aa
residence.
residence.
VI.A, VI.C
71
More
More
live
live
wires
wires
exposed.
exposed.
VI.C
72
36
All
All electrical
electrical
systems
systems shall
shall
be
be
mechanically
mechanically
attached
attached to
to be
be
effectively
effectively
grounded.
grounded.
VI.D
73
Extension cords shall
not be used as permanent wiring.
VI.F, VI.G
74
37
VI.E
Homemade
Homemade
receptacles
receptacles not
not
allowed.
allowed.
VI.C, VI.E, VI.F
75
Over
Over
circuit
circuit or
or
overload
overload
protection
protection
required
required
on
on all
all
extension
extension
cords.
cords.
OK
76
38
Typical
Typical extension
extension
cord
cord problems:
problems:
•Ground
•Ground prong
prong
broken
broken off.
off.
•Illegal
•Illegal splicing.
splicing.
•No
•No covers
covers for
for
plugs.
plugs.
VI.F
77
Fixture
Fixture not
not
explosion
explosion
proof.
proof. One
One
spark
spark in
in box
box
and
and this
this gas
gas
house
house is
is
history!
history!
VI.C
78
39
Gas Appliances
79
Inadequate
Inadequate
clearance
clearance
from
from pipe
pipe to
to
combustible
combustible
wall
wall
surface.
surface.
VII.E
80
40
Vent
Vent shall
shall
extend
extend
above
above roof.
roof.
VII.L
81
Lp Gas
l p
82
41
Improper
Improper
storage:
storage:
inside
inside
building.
building.
VIII.A
l p
83
The Good,
the Bad,
and the
UGLY
l p
VIII.A, IX.A
84
42
Good Intent
l p
VIII.A, VIII.C, IX.A
85
Good
Good examples
examples of
of lp
lp
gas
gas storage.
storage.
l p
86
43
Keep
Keep weeds
weeds
and
and debris
debris
cleared
cleared
away.
away.
Secure
Secure tanks
tanks
and
and protect
protect
from
from
vehicles.
vehicles.
l p
VIII.A, VIII.D
87
Use
Use of
of
bollards
bollards
to
to
protect
protect
gas
gas pipe
pipe
and
and
meter.
meter.
l p
VIII.D
88
44
Compressed Gases
89
AntiAntiflashback
flashback
protection
protection
OK
IX.B, XII.D
Do
Do not
not store
store
together.
together.
IX.B
90
45
Acetylene
Acetylene
bottle
bottle secured
secured
and
and separated
separated
when
when not
not in
in
use.
use.
IX.B
91
Water Heaters
92
46
X.A, X.C, VI.C
Pressure
Pressure relief
relief valve
valve
and
and piping
piping required.
required.
Conduit
Conduit required
required
for
for electrical
electrical to
to
water
water heaters.
heaters.
X.A, X.C, VI.C
93
Strong
Strong odor,
odor,
control
control valve
valve
was
was found
found
leaking.
leaking. No
No
combustion
combustion air
air
vent.
vent.
X.B
94
47
Flammable & Combustible Liquids
95
Hooray
Hooray for
for
MSDS
MSDS
Stations!!!!
Stations!!!!
VIII.A
96
48
XI.A
As
As different
different as
as
winter
winter and
and
summer!!!!
summer!!!!
97
Some
Some
materials
materials
should
should not
not be
be
stored
stored
together
together
XI.B, XII.I
98
49
What’s
What’s in
in
and
and what’s
what’s
out?
out?
XI.B
99
XI.E
Dispensing
Dispensing and
and
containment.
containment.
100
50
One
One solution
solution to
to
containment.
containment.
101
Another
Another
Super
Super Fund
Fund
site
site in
in the
the
making.
making.
I.D, XI.E, XII.I
102
51
This
This isis
not
not what
what
is
is meant
meant
by
by
“containment”.
“containment”.
XI.E
103
Batteries
Batteries in
in
barrel
barrel
creating
creating
hazardous
hazardous
waste.
waste.
XII.I
104
52
This
This is
is the
the
way
way to
to go
go
when
when you
you
don’t
don’t have
have
building
building
containment.
containment.
XI.E
105
XI.A, XI.B, I.A, I.B, XII.I
Does this look like your
boneyard?
If so call 1-800-CLEAN-IT-UP
XI.A, XI.B, XII.I
106
53
Please
Please do
do
not
not turn
turn
on
on the
the
heater
heater
while
while I’m
I’m
standing
standing
here!
here!
XI.D
107
XI.A
Each
Each
container
container needs
needs
to
to be
be labeled.
labeled.
108
54
XI.A
Before
Before and
and after
after
at
at same
same location.
location.
109
Maybe
Maybe
not
not the
the
safest
safest
place
place to
to
work
work on
on aa
chain
chain saw.
saw.
XI.E, I.A
110
55
CHAIN
CHAIN SAW
SAW
STORAGE
STORAGE
Good...
Good...
but
but oil
oil soaked
soaked
wood
wood shelves
shelves
111
CHAIN
CHAIN SAW
SAW
STORAGE
STORAGE
Better...
Better...
but
but possible
possible
dispensing
dispensing
problems
problems
112
56
FIRST
FIRST
PRIZE!
PRIZE!
113
Miscellaneous
114
57
Up
Up to
to date?
date?
Body
Body Fluid
Fluid
Barrier
Barrier Kit
Kit
included?
included?
XII.A
M
115
Permanent
Permanent
eye
eye wash
wash
station.
station.
M
116
58
Eye
Eye wash
wash
station.
station.
Note
Note sign.
sign.
Keep
Keep area
area
clear!
clear!
M
117
Good
Good
example
example
fifteen
fifteen
minute
minute
portable.
portable.
M
118
59
Food
Food and
and
non-food
non-food
items
items shall
shall
not
not be
be
stored
stored
together.
together.
M
119
No
No anti-siphon
anti-siphon
device
device
M
Possible
Possible cross
cross
contamination
contamination
120
60
Fire
Fire wall
wall
between
between garage
garage
and
and house
house has
has
been
been
compromised.
compromised.
M
121
Commercial
Commercial
range
range hood
hood
requires
requires autoautomatic
matic fire
fire
extinguishing
extinguishing
system
system
M
XII.B, IV.A
122
61
Signs of
leaking - no
roof cap.
XII.B
M
Daddy,
Daddy, do
do we
we have
have aa
monster
monster in
in the
the
basement?
basement?
123
Structural
Structural
problems?
problems?
Contact
Contact the
the
Regional
Regional
Structural
Structural
Engineer
Engineer or
or
Architect
Architect
before
before you
you do
do
anything.
anything.
M
124
62
Who
Who needs
needs
that
that floor
floor joist
joist
anyway?
anyway?
There’s
There’s
plenty
plenty of
of
other
other ones.
ones.
M
125
Don’t
Don’t cut
cut
floor
floor joists!!!
joists!!!
M
126
63
M
Oily
Oily rags
rags need
need
to
to be
be deposited
deposited
in
in safety
safety cans.
cans.
127
Parts
Parts
washer…
washer…
always
always make
make
sure
sure fusible
fusible
link
link is
is intact.
intact.
M
128
64
129
Please pull out a sharpened #2 pencil for the
30 page test that follows this presentation!
Yes, that means you!
Wake UP!!!!!!!!
130
65
Just joking!!!!
l p
M
Remember...
Remember...
Safety
Safety
Comes
Comes
First!
First!
131
Help us improve this program
Send us your best “Before and After” facilities
safety slides.
Send to: Regional Office
Engineering
or
Safety and Health
132
66