DOE’s Roof Savings
Calculator (RSC)
http://rsc.ornl.gov
(www.roofcalc.com)
in collaboration with EPA, LBNL, WBT, CEC
EPDM Roofing Association
Apr. 29, 2015
Joshua New, Ph.D.
865-241-8783
newjr@ornl.gov
ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle
for the US Department of Energy
A brief history of energy and life quality
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A brief history of energy and life quality
3
Sustainability is the defining challenge
• Buildings in U.S.
– 41% of primary
energy/carbon 73%
of electricity, 34% of
gas
• Buildings in China
– 60% of urban
building floor space
in 2030 has yet to be
built
• Buildings in India
– 67% of all building
floor space in 2030
has yet to be built
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4
Energy Consumption and Production
Commercial Site Energy
Consumption by End Use
TN 2012 Electric Bill - $1,533
5
5
9.00
Figure 2. Residential
energy loads attributed to
envelope and windows
8.00
7.00
Quads
6.00
5.00
4.00
Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S.
DOE, Prepared by D&R International, Ltd.,
September 2008.
3.00
2.00
1.00
Total
Internal
Gains
Windows
(solar gain)
Windows
(conduction)
Inf iltration
Heating
Foundation
Cooling
Walls
Roof
-
5.00
1.00
Total
Internal
Gains
Windows
(solar gain)
Windows
(conduction)
Heating
Ventilation
Cooling
Inf iltration
Foundation
Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S. DOE,
Prepared by D&R International, Ltd., September
2008.
2.00
Walls (2)
Figure 3. Commercial energy
loads attributed to envelope
and windows
3.00
Roof
Quads
4.00
Presentation summary
• Facilities and Modeling
• Building physics
• Roof Savings Calculator
• Validation
• Visual Analytics
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Presentation summary
• Facilities and Modeling
• Building physics
• Validation
• Roof Savings Calculator
• Visual Analytics
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8
Presentation summary
• Facilities and Modeling
• Building physics
• Validation
• Roof Savings Calculator
• Visual Analytics
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Science to transform today's buildings into
smart, responsive, and efficient structures
Experimental S&T
Capabilities
Modeling and
Visualization R&D
Better Buildings
via Novel Tools
and Technologies
Building Science
Automated Model Calibration & GIS
Data/Knowledge
Materials Science
Data/Knowledge
Web-Based Tools
Computational Science
Next Generation
Commercial Buildings
Neutron Science
Applied R&D
Data/Knowledge
Innovative Products
Sensors, Controls, Grid
Next Generation
Residential Buildings
Data/Knowledge
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Industry CRADAs
Source of Input Data
• Residential (~15 min. data)
– Yarnell (37 sensors)
– Wolf Creek (4x 356 sensors/building)
– Campbell Creek (3x 144 sensors/bldg.)
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– Temperatures
– Dryer
– Plugs
– Refrigerator
– Lights
– Dishwasher
– Range
– Heat pump air flow
– Washer
– Shower water flow
– Radiated heat
– Etc.
Permanent Research Platforms
12
MAXLAB Building
FRP2 Sensors
Refrigerant Mass Flow
Natural Gas Flow
Refrigerant Temp and Press
Airflow
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Electrical Power
Air Temp And RH
Measured performance of multiple HVACs
(same building, occupancy, weather)
RTU/VAV
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VRF
Energy Modeling for Generalizing Results
Calibrated Building
Energy Models
Real weather
file from FRP2
weather station
Emulated
Occupancy
30 sec
Data Measurements
(1,071 total channels)
Centralized data, alarms,
quality assurance,
dashboard, analytics
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Software-controlled
rotation among
HVAC systems
Presentation summary
• Facilities and Modeling
• Building physics
• Validation
• Roof Savings Calculator
• Visual Analytics
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Facing our energy challenges
“We're using 19th and 20th century
technologies to battle 21st century
problems like climate change and
energy security.”
Remarks of President Barack Obama,
Signing of the American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act, February 17, 2009
“Make it white,”
Former Secretary Steven Chu,
Daily Show, July 21, 2009
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Urban Heat Island Effect
and Albedo Engineering
Image from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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Cool roof context
Goal to address climate change,
manage Earth’s heat budget
(amount of Earth’s heat from the sun minus amount reflected into space)
2 pillars of geo-engineering:
• Albedo engineering for solar radiation management –
increasing Earth’s reflectance
Examples: cloud whitening, stratoshield/stratospheric doping (SO2,
Pinatubo option), reflective aerosols in jet fuel
• Greenhouse gas remediation – primarily carbon
sequestration (capture and storage)
Examples: iron fertilization, artificial trees, biochar charcoal, ocean
dissolution
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• Thermodynamics
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Terms
Terms
• Overview of attic physics
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Camouflage invisible to night vision
Conventional Film
Near Infrared Film
Terms
Multifunctional steep slope roofing
system research success
• Multifunctional roof
reduces peak energy
demand by 90% (PCM,
ASV, RB)
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Presentation summary
• Facilities and Modeling
• Building physics
• Validation
• Roof Savings Calculator
• Visual Analytics
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Attic Systems – Charleston SC NET Facility
Weather
station
15 lb
2
Cool
shingles
Triflex Non
breathable
3
15 lb
4
5
Deck
Armor
15 lb
6
1
Storm
Guard
7
Fascia
Sealed Non-Breathable – Cool color
ASV
Each bay width ~ 11 ft
RB
1/300
1/150
AtticSim (Attic Simulation) Model
CEC PIER: Demonstrations
Ft Irwin, US Army
ASTM C 1340 Standard For Estimating Heat Gain or
Loss Through Ceilings Under Attics
Roof & Attic Energy Balance
Petrie, T. W., K. E. Wilkes. (1998). “Effect of Radiant Barriers and Attic
Ventilation on Residential Attics and Attic Duct Systems: New Tools for
Measuring and Modeling,” ASHRAE Trans., vol. 104, 1175-1192.
Miller et al. (2007), “Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Roofs with
Above-Sheathing Ventilation.” in Thermal Performance of the Exterior
Envelopes of Buildings, X, proceedings of ASHRAE THERM X,
Clearwater, FL., Dec. 2007.
AtticSim Benchmark of Ft Irwin House
(South-facing Roof Deck)
Cool Color Tile Direct-to-deck
Miller, W. 2010. Field experiments to evaluate cool-colored roofing.
Task 2.5.7 CEC milestone report.
AtticSim and DOE-2.1E/AtticSim Benchmark of
Ft Irwin House “Attic Air Temperature”
Presentation summary
• Facilities and Modeling
• Building physics
• Validation
• Roof Savings Calculator
• Visual Analytics
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Computer tools for simulating cool roofs
Roof Savings Calculator (RSC)
Marc LaFrance
Chris Scruton
CEC
INDUSTRY
COLLABORATIVE
R&D
R. Levinson,
H. Gilbert,
H. Akbari
DOE BT
A. Desjarlais,
W. Miller,
J. New
WBT
Joe Huang,
Ender Erdem
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Roof Savings Calculator
• Replaces:
– EPA Roof Comparison
Calc
– DOE Cool Roof Calculator
• Minimal questions (<20)
– Only location is required
– Building America defaults
– Help links for unknown
information
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RSC = AtticSim + DOE-2.1E
AtticSim - ASTM C 1340 Standard For Estimating Heat Gain or Loss
Through Ceilings Under Attics
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Commercial building types
Office
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“Big Box” Retail
Warehouse
Torcellini et al. 2008, “DOE Commercial Building Benchmark Models”,
NREL/CP-550-43291, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO.
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AtticSim
DOE-2
35
35
RoofCalc.com impact
100,000+ visitors, 200+ user feedback,
Average: ~81 visitors/day
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Nationwide results
Cost savings for offices - 14 cities,
local utility prices, 22 roof types
Description
BUR No Coating
Mineral Mod Bit
Single Ply
Mineral Mod Bit
Metal
Aluminum Coating
Mineral Mod Bit
Coating over BUR
Metal
Reflect Emis
Houston
ance sivity SRI $ saved …13
10
90
6
42
25
88 25
103
32
90 35
230
33
92 35
197
35
82 35
60
43
45
49
49
58
79
83
83
35
55
55
55
Cooling-dominated
Southern climates
Heating-dominated
Northern climates
279
291
433
208
…14
Mellot, Joseph W., New, Joshua R., and Sanyal, Jibonananda. (2013). "Preliminary Analysis of Energy Consumption for
Cool Roofing Measures." In RCI Interface Technical Journal, volume 31, issue 9, pp. 25-36, October, 2013.
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Summer operation of HVAC duct in
ASHRAE climate zone 3
38
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Enhanced RSC Site
Input Parameter GUI
Result Output
Results
Exists?
Database
Inputs
User
Savings
Simulate
Hyperion
Simulation
RSC Engine
Savings
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Quote
“We speak piously of … making small
studies that will add another brick to the
temple of science. Most such bricks just
lie around the brickyard.”
–J.R. Platt, Science 1964, 146:347-53
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RSC Service Example (Python)
client = suds.client.Client('URL/TO/WEB/SERVICE/rsc.wsdl')
print(client)
sm = client.factory.create('schema:soapmodel')
load_soap_model_from_xml('../examplemodel.xml', sm)
sr = client.service.simulate(sm)
print(sr)
sm = client.factory.create('schema:soapmodel')
load_soap_model_from_xml('../examplemodel.xml', sm)
print(sm)
contents = client.service.test(sm)
with open('pytest.zip', 'wb') as outfile:
outfile.write(base64.b64decode(contents))
…download example building and batch script from rsc.ornl.gov/web-service.shtml
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Update 1 line of code to change servers
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Millions of simulations visualized for DOE’s Roof Savings
Calculator and deployment of roof and attic technologies
through leading industry partners
DOE: Office of Science
CEC & DOE EERE: BTO
Engine (AtticSim/DOE-2) debugged
using HPC Science assets enabling
visual analytics on 3x(10)6 simulations
Industry & Building Owners
CentiMark, the largest nation-wide
roofing contractor (installs 2500
roofs/mo), is integrating RSC into
their proposal generating system
(20+ companies now interested)
AtticSim
DOE-2
Roof Savings Calculator (RSC) web
site/service developed and validated
[estimates energy and cost savings
from roof and attic technologies]
Leveraging HPC resources to facilitate deployment of building energy efficiency technologies
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Personal story behind one of DOE’s
RSC images
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Presentation summary
• Facilities and Modeling
• Building physics
• Validation
• Roof Savings Calculator
• Visual Analytics
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PCP - car data set
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PCP bin rendering (data)
• Transfer function coloring:
– Occupancy or leading axis
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The power of “and” – linked views (info)
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Knowledge
Large Data
Visualization
Outliers (wisdom)
• Selection of heating outliers
• Find all have box building
type and in Miami
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Discussion
Oak Ridge National
Laboratory
Joshua New, Ph.D.
newjr@ornl.gov
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