ISSN 2039-2117 (online)
ISSN 2039-9340 (print)
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences
Vol 6 No 3 S7
June 2015
MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy
Effective Management of Property of Enterprises and
Organizations of Agro-Industrial Complex
Anatoly A. Smirnov
Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
Email: an2saa@bk.ru
Doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s7p193
Abstract
In today's economic system, taking into account changing legislation and regulatory acts of great importance is given to the
management of property objects, as of their affiliation to both legal and natural persons depends largely on their effectiveness
and efficiency in general, as the subjects of the federation and at the state level. Therefore, timely analysis of facilities
management property will coordinate and make timely adjustments to the use of all forms of ownership.
Keywords: property, facilities management, analysis, state, region, legal and regulatory framework, to coordinate.
1. Introduction
Transition from planned system of distribution of resources to market was the first step in a chain of social and economic
transformations in the Russian Federation. Transformation of the relations of property of the enterprises and agrarian and
industrial complexes organizations is realized on the basis of privatization. It was one of the main and bright processes in
the Russian economy and defined transition of the state objects to private property that in essential degree affected
regions.
2. Results and Discussions
In relation to regions it is necessary to note that the Federal program of privatization, order and form of its carrying out
were developed by the central authorities of federal level without features and interests of regions therefore there were
disagreements which slowed down effective use of property, being at the enterprises and of the agrarian and industrial
complexes of the republic. The analysis of structure of different forms of property in Mari El Republic is provided in table
1.
Table 1 - Number of the enterprises and organizations for forms of property
Form of property
Sum total
Including all forms of property:
State:
Municipal:
Private:
Property of the public and religious organizations (associations):
Other forms of property, including mixed Russian, foreign, joint Russian and foreign property:
Result in percents:
Sum total, %
Including all forms of property:
State:
Municipal:
Private:
Property of the public and religious organizations (associations):
Other forms of property, including mixed Russian, foreign, joint Russian and foreign property:
*Statistical year-book "Mari El Republic. 2013"
193
Period, year
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
14785 15389 15724 15497 15417
748
1555
10459
1607
416
773
1493
11422
1287
414
746
1441
12013
1164
360
718
1352
12172
902
353
670
1312
12300
811
324
100
100
100
100
100
5,1
10,5
70,7
10,9
2,8
5,0
9,7
74,2
8,4
2,7
4,7
9,2
76,4
7,4
2,3
4,6
8,7
78,6
5,8
2,3
4,4
8,5
79,8
5,3
2,0
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences
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Thus, in Mari El Republic in the beginning of 2010 14785 enterprises and the organizations were registered, 15,6%
(2303) of them fell to the share of the state, including the municipal enterprises. During the period from 2010 to 2014 the
number of enterprises in the state and municipal property fluctuated round average value at the level of 2161 units. The
considerable increase of number of the enterprises and organizations is observed only in structure of private form of
property in 2010 – 10459 and in 2014 – 12300 enterprises, the enterprises of agro-industrial complex were one of three
of them.
Table 2 - Number of the privatized property complexes of the state and municipal unitary enterprises in Mari El Republic.
Activities
State unitary enterprises
Stocks of open joint stock companies
Other state property
Result of privatization of the state property
Number
3
1
19
23
2012 year
2013 year
2014 year
Price of the transaction,
Price of the transaction,
Price of the transaction,
Number
Number
thousand, rubles.
thousand, rubles.
thousand, rubles.
4583
4
44659,4
2
1734
3241,4
4
22400,3
31260,2
75
50579,5
20
74644,7
39084,6
83
117639,2
22
76378,4
Analyzing indicators of table 2 , it is possible to tell that there was an increase in privatization of property since 2012-2014
for 200,98%, in 2014 the privatization number decreased by 64,92%, it means that load of the budget increased, the
income and receipt of funds in the state treasury of Mari El Republic decreased. This is consequence of decrease in
number of large objects of sale, and decrease in consumer demand for them. The facts are only about industrial facilities
and the enterprises of agro-industrial complex.
Certainly, data about number of the enterprises doesn't characterize fully scales of any sector that is caused by
differentiation of the organizations for the size, volume of the made production and other indicators.
Before analyzing structure of property in the region, it is obviously necessary to formulate some problems in
structure of property in Russian Federation. So, the most important problem is the problem of opacity of the relations of
property of the agrarian and industrial complexes enterprises, causing possibility of activity of managers and owners to
the detriment of interests of society. Besides, discrepancy of hierarchy of property and management, especially in public
sector, leads to weakening of responsibility of owners and managers as the first one often has no opportunity to influence
the course of management, and the last one as it was already noted, works more often in their interests. It is necessary to
point on deposition of the actual property rights as the part of controlling functions passes to key contractors of an
economic entity.
The analysis of property of the agrarian and industrial complexes enterprises for natural material structure (the
earth, subsoil, property, intangible assets) doesn't allow to characterize distribution of property between subjects and
efficiency of its realization because of the incomparability caused by natural and material structure and also because of
lack of reliable data about structure and quantity of property on material structure. In the course of the analysis the
property can be classified by forms, it can be integrated as public and private, and also it can be detailed as federal
property, subjects of federation, municipal, private, mixed, foreign and joint. The branch section of the analysis of property
of the agrarian and industrial complexes enterprises allows to allocate the centers of its concentration, degree of
concentration and nature of distribution for branches of plant growing and animal husbandry, including on forms of
property. To the last, deserving attention, the plane of the analysis of property is territorial accessory, and Mari El
Republic is the agricultural region. The most available classification of property by this criterion is the operating
administrative-territorial division of the republic. This cut of the analysis of property can be combined with any other for
purpose of increase in extent of specification.
Further, proceeding from scientific expediency and existence of statistical information, the analysis of property will
be applied in a section of forms, branches and territorial accessory. In this regard it is necessary to consider distribution
of fixed assets, industrial output and investments into the main capital in breakdown on forms of ownership.
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Table 3 - Existence of fixed assets in Mari El Republic in property forms on the end of the year on overall registration
cost.
Period, year
2014 year. to 2010 years., +/2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
State, million rubles.
22158,11 23190 20432,3 24750 21134,88
-1023,23
Municipal, million rubles.
11931,29 13527,5 12259,38 11250 10567,44
-1363,85
In total public sector, million rubles.
34089,4 36717,5 32691,68 36000 31702,32
-2387,08
Private, million rubles.
83519,03 100490 126680,3 141750 169079
85560,01
Mixed Russian, million rubles.
32384,93 28987,5 26561,99 27000 34344,18
1959,25
Joint Russian and foreign, million rubles.
20453,64 21257,5 18389,07 22500 29060,46
8606,82
In total fixed assets
170447 202884 204323 225000 264186
*Data are obtained on the basis of the Statistical register of Rosstat and the statistical reporting
Forms of property
Thus, in 2014 the share of public sector was 12% in the part of fixed business assets that is continuation of the tendency
to decrease which began in 2010. Considerable changes concerned the private sector in the positive direction from 2010
on 2014year, where the main share is made by inhabitants of rural areas, also we can see increase in the main business
assets by 15%, by 85560,01 million rubles.
Table 4 - Structure of industrial outputs in Mari El Republic on forms of property.
Period, year
2014 year. to 2010 years., +/2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
State,%
14,8
14,1
13,0
13,3
10,2
-4,6
Municipal,%
2,4
2,4
2,2
1,9
1,6
0,8
In total public sector,%
17,2
16,5
15,2
15,2
11,8
-5,4
Private,%
71,5
77,0
80,7
80,8
83,1
+11,6
Mixed Russian, %
8,6
4,0
2,2
1,9
2,9
-5,7
Joint Russian and foreign,%
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,6
0,8
0
*Data are obtained on the basis of the Statistical register of Rosstat and statistical reporting.
Forms of property
Analyzing these tables 4 it is visible that in 2010-2014 there is a tendency of increase in extent of production in private
sector, mainly it is production of agricultural products that fact tell us about increase in share of private enterprises, at
simultaneous reduction of state enterprises. Thus, in 2014 state sector of economy was 11,8%, and in 2010 year it was
17,2%.
Further, it is expedient to consider the investments into fixed capital on forms of property presented in table 5.
Table 5 - Structure of investments into fixed capital in property forms (as a percentage to a result)
Investments into fixed capital
- in totall
Forms of property:
Russian
- state
- federal
- republican
- municipal
- public organizations
- private
- mixed Russian
- consumer cooperation
- Foreign
- Joint Russian and foreign
2010 year
2011 year
2012 year
2013 year
2014 year
100
95,3
20,7
4,9
15,8
4,3
0,2
61,7
8,2
0,2
0,2
4,5
100
94,8
16,7
4,2
12,4
4,7
0,3
65,2
7,8
0,1
0,1
5,1
100
97,4
13,2
4,3
8,9
5,6
0,2
71,9
6,4
0,1
0,1
2,5
100
97,6
13,3
2,7
10,5
3,1
0,0
72,6
8,5
0,1
0,0
2,4
100
99,1
18,9
4,4
14,5
3,1
0,0
69,5
7,5
0,1
0,4
0,5
Thus, analyzing table 5, it is possible to make a conclusion that there is an increase in investments by 7,8% in sector of a
private property during the period from 2010 to 2014, it is generally in Yola agro holding and Akashevskaya poultry farm.
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Considering structure of investments into fixed capital, it is possible to state insignificant reduction of participation
of public sector and in this sphere. If in 2010 20,7% of investments fell to the share of public sector into fixed capital in
Mari El Republic, in 2014 this indicator was 18,9%.
Also, during this period the share of investments into fixed capital of the enterprises in republican and municipal
property significantly decreased and thus in 2014 it was – 14,5, 3,1 – respectively. Thus, We can make conclusion that
the public sector of economy of the region is rather small and keeps a tendency to reduction. However last time there are
a lot of opinions that process of transformation of the relations of property will turn towards reprivatization and
centralization in the near future.
Today in the region there is difficult organized structure of property of the enterprises and the organizations of
agro-industrial complex, however, the reliable assessment of a role and scales of various forms of ownership is
complicated by absence of unity in views on the matter.
Besides, theory didn't resolve an issue of optimum structure of property of agrarian and industrial complex in the
region, as well as, of existence of such structure therefore the optimum structure of property in the region represents
rather debatable category. In scientific literature there is still no unambiguous definition of optimum structure of property,
moreover there is also no unity in views concerning the parameter of optimization and criteria of its optimality. In this
regard it is represented necessary to outline a circle of the general options of parameter of optimality of structure of
property of the enterprises and agrarian and industrial complexes organizations. The internal condition of an optimality of
structure of property consists in formation of the most rational organization of economic activity of the enterprises of agroindustrial complex.
Thus, We can understand the conditions of market economy as a structure which provides full realization of the
functions assigned on production, processing and realization of agricultural production, ensuring food security,
performance of social functions as optimum structure of property of the enterprises and the agrarian and industrial
complexes organizations and also promotes satisfaction of requirements of society, effective use of production resources,
implementation of expanded reproduction, introduction of innovations and strengthening of economic security of the
enterprises of agro-industrial complex.
The optimum structure of property of the enterprises and the organizations of agro-industrial complex can be
considered in several planes: macroeconomic, branch, territorial. So, in a macroeconomic section the optimum structure
of property can be defined on the basis of the following signs:
- Possibility of full satisfaction of rational needs of society for foodstuff;
- Achievement of equilibrium level of food and solvent demand of the population;
- ensuring reproduction of means of production of agriculture.
- Industry characteristic of optimum structure of property of agrarian and industrial complex
- it is characterized by the following criteria:
- active development of branches - agrarian and industrial complex of points of growth and the knowledgeintensive branches in plant growing and animal husbandry;
- Ensuring inter industry proportionality and balance.
The optimum structure of property of agrarian and industrial complex in a territorial section can be characterized by
the following criteria:
- Balance of structure and scales in regional and interregional solvent demand;
- Satisfaction of needs of the region for foodstuff;
- The possibility of realization of superfluous made goods of agriculture outside the region.
Indicators of optimum structure of property of the enterprises and agrarian and industrial complexes organizations
have to integrate the considered criteria and give the chance of a quantitative assessment of changes of structure.
Definitely, the optimum structure of property of agrarian and industrial complex depends on specific historical and social
and economic conditions, and also on a level of development of productive forces.
Nevertheless, at the level of theoretical assumptions it is possible to formulate the following conclusions of rather
optimum structure of property of the enterprises and agrarian and industrial complexes organizations in the region:
- in the conditions of the monopolistic competition it is possible to consider full preservation of property of the
agrarian and industrial complexes organizations as optimum option;
- the most rational partial privatization of property of agrarian and industrial complex is represented at an
oligopoly;
- in the conditions of the competition (imperfect, perfect) prevalence of a private property is represented as
more optimum.
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3. Conclusions
Multiple layers and complexity of the category "property" cause variety of forms of its existence. Formation and fixing of
these or those forms of ownership of agrarian and industrial complex give a rise to processes of formation of the
institutional environment allowing fully realize the economic mechanism which is again created on this basis. Thus, the
new system of the economic relations is formed and it is regulated by a number of objective economic laws.
However separately taken form of ownership doesn't open features of functioning of property as categories, and in
this regard we should talk about realization of the relations of property, as final stage of its formation. Modern conditions
of managing at the enterprises and the agrarian and industrial complexes organizations undermine its (property) value as
determinants of public hierarchy, In these conditions new proportions of optimum combination of personal and social
interests, individualism and a collectivism are formed and, as a result, the dichotomy of private and personal property is
born. Thus, each form of ownership carries out a certain function which quality of performance reflects effective
management of the enterprises and organizations of agro-industrial complex. In expansion of relations of property of
agrarian and industrial complex of the republic in various forms there is not existence of form of ownership, and real
possibility of participation of the owner in management and distribution of the created cost, increase of production of
qualitative food production became defining.
References
The Russian Constitution: adopted by popular vote on December 12, 1993 / Rossiyskaya Gazeta (1993). 237. 48.
The Constitution of the Republic of Mari El adopted by the Constitutional Assembly of the Republic of Mari El June 24, 1995.
Government of the Republic of Mari El on March 17, 2008 ʋ 62 "On approval of the accounting and management of the state property
registry of the Republic of Mari El ." [Onlint] Available: http://base.consultant.ru/regbase/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc; base =
RLAW206; n = 29513.
Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Mari El on July 12, 2006 ʋ 159 "On approval of the development of the forecast plan
(program) of privatization of state property and the Republic of Mari El Rules for preparation and adoption of decisions on the
privatization of state property of the Republic of Mari El " (with the " Regulations on Preparation and decision on privatization of
state property of Mari El " ) . [Onlint] Available: http://portal.mari.ru/mingosim/Pages/republic_law.aspx.
Analytical commentary on the monthly report on the socio- economic situation of the country, in 2012. [Onlint] Available: http://maristat.
mari.ru/sep/analit/analit0113.mht
Single portal budget system of the Russian Federation "E budget." [Onlint] Available: http://budget.gov.ru/.
Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Mari El, 2012. [Onlint] Available: http://maristat.mari.ru/sep/catalog_pub/stat_eg.html.
Smirnov, A.A., Stukova, I.V. (2014). About forming and estimation of strategy of development of enterprises of agrarian and industrial
complex. Scientific review, 7, 332-336.
Stukova, I.V. (2007). Management by reproduction of skilled shots in agriculture. Ioshkar-Ola: MarGU.
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