A id
Acids
Since the name of an acid will always have the word acid in it,
recognizing that you have an acid is easy.
Once you recognize you have an acid,
acid then the first atom you
write down in the formula is the H that makes it an acid.
Next check if the name starts with the term hydro-. If it does,
then you have a binary acid with H and one other element, and
you get that element from the next part of the name.
Example:
l Hydrochloric
d hl i acid
id
H+?
H + Cl
HCl
A id
Acids
One note on the previous answer
HCl
T h i ll a compoundd isn’t
Technically
i ’ an acid
id until
il it
i is
i dissolved
di l d in
i water,
so the more correct formula here is HCl(aq), where the (aq)
implies the compound has been dissolved in water.
water
A id
Acids
. Iff the
h name ddoesn’t start with
i h the
h hydro-,
h d
then
h it
i is
i an oxyacid
id
and it is derived from one of the complex ions you memorized
that contain oxygen.
oxygen If the name of the oxyacid ends in –ic,
ic
then name of the complex ion ends in –ate. If the name of the
oxyacid ends in –ous,
ous, then the name of the complex ion ends in –ite
ite
Example
p 1:
Nitric acid
Oxy acid comes from the nitrate ion
Nitrate ion is NO3So the acid is HNO3(aq)
A id
Acids
. Example 2:
Nitrous acid
O acid
Oxy
id comes from
f
the
h nitrite
i i ion
i
Nitrite ion is NO2So the acid is HNO2(aq)
A id
Acids
. Example 3:
Sulfuric acid
O acid
Oxy
id comes from
f
the
h sulfate
lf ion
i
Sulfate ion is SO4-2
Note here,
here acids,
acids just like ionic compounds must zero
net charge so we have to balance the negative charge of the anion
With the +1 charge
g of the H. Thus we need 2 H’s to make this
a neutral compound
H2SO4(aq)
A id
Acids
. Problems to try
Hydrofluoric acid
Ph h i acid
Phosphoric
id
Sulfurous acid
Acetic acid
Carbonic acid
Hydrobromic
y
acid
(Answers on next slide)
A id
Acids
. Problems to try
Hydrofluoric acid
Ph h i acid
Phosphoric
id
Sulfurous acid
Acetic acid
Carbonic acid
Hydrobromic
y
acid
HF(aq)
H3PO4(aq)
( )
H2SO3(aq)
HC2H3O2(aq)
H2CO3(aq)
HBr ((aq)
q)