The role of the public sector in
the formulation and
implementation of environmental
policy
Valter Angell
NUPI www.nupi-no
va@nupi.no
OR;
KEY ISSUES IN DEVELOPING
OUR COOPERATION
WHY ARE WE HERE?
•
BACKGROUND
–
–
–
•
SINCIERE – CAS COOPERATION WITH CIENS
NORWEGIAN GOV. CHINA STRATEGY
Our common history
OUR AIM
–
–
•
HIGH QUALITY SCIENTIFIC OUTPUT
To help a science based development
HOW?
–
COOPERATION BETWEEN SCIENTISTS•
–
COOPERATION BEWEEN INSTITUTIONS
•
–
THE HUMAN FACTOR – skills – motivation - incentives
A MANAGEMENT CHALLENGE
FRAMEWORK FOR INTERDISIPLINARY COOPERATION DEPSIR
Norwegian China strategy; …AND
NORWEGIAN EXPERIENCE;
STEP BY STEP – TOWARDS DEPSIR
•
UNDERSTANDING THE ECOSYSTEMS
–
•
NATURAL SCIENCES
END OF PIPELINE SOLUTION
–
•
ENGINEERING – S.O.T.A. TECHNOLOGY
LEGISLATION
–
•
STANDARDS AND CRIMINAL PUNISHMENT
CHANGE IN BEHAVIOUR
- SOCIAL SCIENCES – taxes and subsidies
DRIVERS
•
–
PUBLIC INTEREST
•
•
•
POLITICAL PARTIES
NGOs
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
DRIVERS - MORE
• SYSTEM DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
CHINA AND NORWAY – OK!
• BUT - ONE KEY COMMON ISSUES
– AWARENESS RAISING –
• THE ROLE OF TRANSPARENCY
• INFORMATION SHARING
• LANGUAGE
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
• PERCEPTIONS
– CONFLICT BETWEEN ECONOMIC OUTPUT
AND EXTERNALTIES
• A STATIC VIEW
– EXAMPLES; WIN – WIN SOLUTIONS
• HOW ARE POLICIES CHANGED?
– SOME INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES
EX. 1: WORLDBANK
• 1980, 3 ENVIROMENTALISTS, THEN..
– POLONRESTE
• ROAD BUILDING IN BRAZIL - DEFORESTATION
• INDONSIA TRANSMIGRATION
• AFRICAN WILDLIFE – SIERRA CLUB
• A LETTER TO YOUR CONGRESSMAN
– RESULT; 1990, 300 ENVIRONMENTAL
EXPERTS IN THE WORLD BANK
EX. 2 ACID RAIN
• THE LONG STORY
– 1700 – 1800 – 1900 – 1962 ,
Swedish scientist Svante Oden brought the acid rain
quandary to the attention of the press, instead of the less
popular scientific journals. He compiled records from the
1950s indicating that acid rain came from air masses
moving out of central and western Europe into
Scandinavia. http://www.enotes.com/earth-science/acid-rain
• EUROPEAN ACIS RAIN POLICY HISTORY
– RAINS MODEL – SCIENCE BASED TOOL FOR POLITICIANS
– WESTERN NGO’S “WALDSTERBEN”
EX. 3: GLOBAL WARMING
• The Norwegian Nobel Committee has
decided that the Nobel Peace Prize for
2007 is to be shared, in two equal parts,
between the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold
(Al) Gore Jr. for their efforts to build up
and disseminate greater knowledge
about man-made climate change, and to
lay the foundations for the measures that
are needed to counteract such change.
SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION
• CHALLENGES AND FAILURES
• DIFFICULT DEALING WITH TWO
OBJECTIVES; SCIENTIFIC QUALITY
AND INFORMATION TO A BROADER
PUBLIC
• ISSUES TO BE ADRESSES IN OUR
COOPERATION