Engineering 10 Chp.14 Tech Communication Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 1 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt ¿¿Class QUESTION?? What can HUMANS do FAR BETTER than Any other Species on the Planet Earth? Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 2 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Why Engineering Communication Engineers must communicate with each other Engineers must communicate with nonengineers Engineers must communicate technical Information Engineers must communicate EFFECTIVELY Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 3 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Why Engineering Comm cont Surveys of Employers about the needs or skills for employees • Written And Oral Communication Is Always Near the Top Of The List – c.f. §4.11 in the Text...Employees should Demonstrate EXCELLENT Communication Skills • COMMUNICATION is always a rating Criteria used by College Recruiters – The Instructor Partially Rated College Recruits On Communication Skills Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 4 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Why Engineering Comm cont Your work as an engineer usually results in a DOCUMENT or a PRESENTATION as well as a “BluePrint” or device or product • If you are Senior Engineer, Expect to Spend 20-40% of Time on Comm Issues Engineers prepare memos, reports, emails, proposals, technical articles, procedures, presentations, project reviews, Speak at Meetings, . . . Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 5 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Class Exercise → White Board 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Can you Think of Some Professions that are Known for Communication Skills? (e.g., Actors, Politicians) ? ? ? ? ? Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 6 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Good Communicators Some Good Communicators • Actors, TV & Radio “Personalities” • Public Office Holders • Attorneys • “Leaders” of ANY Kind • “Writers” of all Kinds • Teachers & Professors Should Engineers Be On this List? Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 7 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Engineers as Communicators? Should Engineers Be on the GoodCommunicator List? • Answer for the Stereotype is NO • Answer from some people in industry is NO • Reality: YES, some of the BEST communicators are ENGINEERS – e.g., Mr. Ayesh, Mr. Huy Nguyen, etc. Q: Why/How Does the Practice of Engineering Develop Comm Skills? Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 8 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Engineers as Communicators? A: Engineers must present material that is Difficult to understand & comprehend • Makes The Job Of Achieving Effective Communication is a Process That Requires SKILL and EFFORT Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 9 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Communication Forms Documents → TECHNICAL WRITING • Formal Reports – Design Specs, Project Bids/Proposals, Test Reports • Publications Journal Articles, Books • Patent Applications • Instructions and Procedures – In Small Firms Engineers will Write the Entire Instruction Manual • Formal Letters • Internal communication – Memos, eMails Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 10 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Communication Forms cont. Talks → TECHNICAL PRESENTATIONS • Formal PowerPoint Presentations • Informal Group Presentations (Staff Mtgs) • One-on-Discussions – e.g., supervisor, report, colleague, designer, technicians, operators, customers/clients • Often done with Little or No Advance Notice – Need to Develop Extemporaneous Speaking Skills Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 11 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Engineering Comm Goals Clear Concise • i.e., Quick Professional Reliable • i.e., Accurate Ethical HOW to Do all This? Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 12 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Tech Comm Should Answer WHAT Did You Do? HOW Did You Do It? WHAT was, or Will be, The SIGNIFICANCE of What Was Done? Or For a Proposal: • What Will Be Done? • How Will It Be Done it? • What are the Benefits? Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 13 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Basic “Law” Of Communication Tell Them What You are Going to Tell Them • An Outline or Introduction Tell Them • The Body of Report or Presentation Tell Them What you Told Them • Summary and/or Conclusions Stop • Leave the Audience with the Main Point Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 14 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Mistakes Erode Credibility Errors in Spelling, Grammar, Format, Numerical Values, Units, etc., Suggest • Carelessness • Lack of Professionalism • Sloppiness • Questionable Reliability The Audience Receiving Error-Filled Communication Often Feels a Lack of Respect Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 15 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Mistakes Erode Credibility cont. Do Not Invalidate Good Engineering Work with Poor Communication Your WRITING and PRESENTATIONS are as MUCH A PART of Your Engineering as Are Calculations, Judgment, BluePrints, and Creativity Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 16 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt 2nd Law of Communication 2.1 Know your AUDIENCE 2.2 Know your SUBJECT Carefully Consider the Audience • Who is the Audience? • What is their Motivation; i.e., Why are They Here? • How Much Do They Know Now? • What Do They Want to Know? Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 17 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt 2nd Law of Communication cont. Carefully Consider the Audience • Level of Detail and Background Info – Too MUCH Bores the Audience and Wastes Time (Theirs AND Yours) – Too LITTLE Loses, Confuses, Intimidates, and Annoys the Audience – Either Too-Much or Too-Little Degrades The Communication Effectiveness • Prioritize The Points – Stick to Main Issues Omit What Does Not Support the Main Point Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 18 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt 2nd Law of Communication cont. Be Prepared • Understand Your Topic – Do Extra Research if Needed • Try to ANTICIPATE Questions – Answer Them as An Integral Part of Your Communication • Organized-Thoughts and Organized-Work Show Up as an Organized Document or Presentation • The Style/Structure Can Enhance or Detract Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 19 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Style and Tone TONE is the Feeling Or Impression a Document Conveys Style Refers to the Choices Writers Make that Create The Tone Conveyed to the Audience Engineers Write in PROFESSIONAL Style • i.e., as One Professional to Another (tone) • Can be: Formal, Informal, SemiFormal Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 20 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Engineering Comm Graphics Engineering is a PHYSICAL Endeavor • This Implies the Use of Extensive VISUALIZATION Use Visuals to The Maximum Advantage to Communicate Information Partial List of Engineering Visuals • Tables – Tabulated Data, Results, Estimates, Lists Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 21 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Engineering Comm Graphics cont • Charts & Graphs (ENGR25) – Plots of: Data, Results, Calculations, Estimates • Engineering Drawings (ENGR22) – Flow Diagrams/Charts, Electrical & Fluid Circuits (Line Schematics), Pictorial and Othrographic-Projection Drawings, CAD Solid Models, etc. • Images – Photos & Videos (enabled by Digital Photography), Scans, ClipArt Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 22 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Visuals Should Have a Purpose Save Time Clarify an Idea or Concept Reinforce a Concept Increase Interest • “Appealing” Visual Prove a Point Increase Retention Document or Archive Information Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 23 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Engineering Graphics Usage Graphics COMPLEMENT a Report or Presentation • The Visual SUPPORTS The Written Description or Oral Presentation Graphics used for: Reporting, Design, Development, Tutoring, Demonstrating, Documenting Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 24 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Tables Effective for Organizing and Presenting Data and Lists Used to Display and Calculate Precise Numerical Results Create In MS Excel or MS Word • Can Create in Either to Paste into PwrPnt Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 25 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Tatsuno Fab Equipment LIST Type Model Manufacturer Oxidation Tube Fnce LPCVD Tubes LPCVD Tubes APCVD PECVD SOG Coater Sputter Sputter E-Beam Evaporator Ion Implanter g-Line Stepper i-Line Stepper Projection Aligner 2-Sided Mask Aligner PR Track, Neg. PR Track, Pos. PR Track, Pos. Vacuum UV Bake PR Asher, Plasma DD-9400VF DJ800 XL-8P-373 PET-5500 PBM-GL450S TR-6131 2400-8SA MLX-1000 EBX-6D 200SJ LD5010 NSR2005i8A M240 PEM-1000AL ACD-640 SKW636BV V4600CD TVC-5002 OPM-A1200 Kokusai Kokusai Terusarko Pacific Western Pacific Western Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 26 Perkin-Elmer Ulvac Ulvac TEL/Varian Hitachi Nikon SVG Union Optical TEL DNS TEL Tokyo Ohka Tokyo Ohka Notes Al, Al-Si, Ti Al-Si Au Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Reporting Numbers Significant Figures • Consider Accuracy, Precision, ±Error – Engineering Data Seldom Known to Better Than ±0.2% • Generally Use 3 Figures, 4 OK if Data is Extra Accurate; e.g., – 0.062178 Volts → 62.2 mV • True for Tables, Charts, Text • Sums and %’s Should Add Exactly – Rounding Errors Suggest Missing Data Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 27 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Excel SpreadSheet Tables (E25) The Excel SpreadSheet IS a Table • Cells Organized in Rows & Columns Cells Calculate (update) Automatically • Formulas & References Numbers in Cells Can Be Easily Formatted for Precision & Alignment • Use Format-Number or Format-Cell Rows & Columns Easily Resized WORD is Better for Tabulating TEXT Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 28 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Drawings and Diagrams Tools – Word, PowerPoint, MATLAB, Visio, AutoCad, Smart Draw, Solid-Edge, ProE, SolidWorks, more Tool Selection Depends on Purpose & Audience 2D or 3D Need to Rescale, Edit, Cut, Paste, Import Google Resolution SketchUp Level of Detail Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 29 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt WJ-1500 Chamber ElectroBaric Analog Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 30 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt 3D vs 2D 3D Generally More Informative, but they • Take Longer to Prepare • Require More Memory (disk space) Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 31 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Charts and Graphs Carefully The Select the TYPE of Chart • Different Charts Convey Different Info Make Clear and Easy to Read • Large Fonts • Good Contrast – Light-on-Dark or Dark-on-Light Include Legend Unless Info in Title Label All Axes, Including Units Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 32 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Charts & Graphs cont Where Appropriate Annotate or Mark points/regions of Interest with Arrows, Ovals, or Text There are 14 chart types in Microsoft Excel • This Covers 99% of the Chart Types That Most Engineers will need • See Appendix for Details • Covered in ENGR25 Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 33 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Chabot Engineering Appendix MSExcel Charts Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 34 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt MS Excel Charts Area Chart • An area chart emphasizes the magnitude of change over time. By displaying the sum of the plotted values, an area chart also shows the relationship of parts to a whole. Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 35 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt 3 21.08 23.11 4 Bar Chart Number of Alignment Points MS Excel Charts Alignment Effectiveness vs. No. of Calibration Points • A bar chart illustrates comparisons among individual items. Categories are organized vertically, values horizontally, to focus on comparing values and to place less emphasis on time. Stacked bar charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole. 6 5 25.00 0 5 10 15 20 Aligned vs. Unaligned Effectiveness Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 36 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt 25 27.05 30 file = Align_CoOrd_Test_020320.xls MS Excel Charts Column Chart • A column chart shows data changes over a period of time or illustrates comparisons among items. Categories are organized horizontally, values vertically, to emphasize variation over time. Stacked column charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole. Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 37 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt MS Excel Charts Line Chart • A line chart shows trends in data at equal intervals. Although line charts are similar to area charts, line charts emphasize time flow and the rate of change, rather than the amount of change or the magnitude of values. Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 38 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt MS Excel Charts Pie Chart • A pie chart shows the proportional size of items that make up a data series to the sum of the items. It always shows only one data series and is useful when you want to emphasize a significant element Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 39 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt TEOS Liquid Source Vapor Bubble Saturation v. Liquid Height MS Excel Charts 100% 150 99% Saturation after 67 ms, or 0.46" 120 60% 90 Linear portion of r curve indicates terminal velocity of ~0.23 m/s • An xy (scatter) chart either shows the relationships among the numeric values in several data series or plots two groups of numbers as one series of xy coordinates. It shows uneven intervals, or clusters, of data and is commonly used for scientific data. 40% 60 20% 30 • Bubble Diameter = 1.999 mm 2 • Dv for TEOS in N2 = 0.0727 cm /s Integrated Saturation (%) • Kinematic viscosity,, = 0.00511 cm2/s Rise Time (ms) 0% 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Liquid Level Inside Bubbler, y (inch) Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 40 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt 0.8 Bubble Rise Time, r (ms) XY (Scatter) Chart Integrated Bubble Saturation, S v 80% 0 1.0 file = Sv(t)_01.xls MS Excel Charts Doughnut Chart • Like a pie chart, a doughnut chart shows the relationship of parts to a whole, but it can contain more than one data series. Each ring of the doughnut chart represents a data series Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 41 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt MS Excel Charts Radar Chart • In a radar chart, each category has its own value axis radiating from the center point. Lines connect all the values in the same series. A radar chart compares the aggregate values of a number of data series. Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 42 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt MS Excel Charts Surface Chart • A surface chart is useful when you want to find optimum combinations between two sets of data. As in a topographic map, colors and patterns indicate areas that are in the same range of values. Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 43 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt MS Excel Charts Bubble Chart • A bubble chart is a type of xy (scatter) chart. The size of the data marker indicates the value of a third variable. 4-Pt Aligned Error Mag vs. Position • KLARFF Wafer CZHA 12 8 Yindex 4 0 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -4 NOTES • OTA-2100 • 200mm IBM Wafer CZHA.001 • Test Date = 20Mar02 • Aligned Avg Error Vector = 8.52 µm -8 -12 Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 44 Xindex Bruce Mayer, PE file = Align_CoOrd_Test_020320.xls BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt MS Excel Charts Stock Chart • The stock chart is often used to illustrate stock prices. This chart can also be used for scientific data, for example, to indicate temperature changes Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 45 Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt MS Excel Charts Cone, Cylinder, and Pyramid Chart • The cone, cylinder, and pyramid data markers can lend a dramatic effect to 3-D column and bar charts. 80 70 Hofstede Score 60 50 Asia U.S. 40 30 20 10 0 Sociable Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering 46 Respecting Dif. Building Skills Cultures Fairness Influential Bruce Mayer, PE BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt Considerate