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Section B
Disorders of Adulthood
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Major Domains of Disorders of Adulthood: DSM-IV-TR
Mood disorders
Anxiety disorders
Substance-related disorders
Severe mental illness
-
Schizophrenia/schizoaffective/delusional
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Mood Disorders
Can consist of “depressed” moods—depression and/or “hyper”
moods—mania
Depressive disorders
- Major depressive disorder
- Dysthymic disorder
Manic and combination disorders
- Bipolor disorder I and II
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Symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder
Anhedonia
-
-
-
-
Loss of interest in general
Loss of libido/love
Appetite change
-
Loss of appetite/loss of
weight
-
Gain of appetite/gain of
weight
Psychomotor
Worthlessness
-
-
-
-
Sleep disturbance
-
-
Insomnia
-
Sleeping longer than usual
Tiredness, exhaustion
Feeling of inferiority
Giving up of hope
Loss of self-esteem
Sense of being ignored/
forgotten
Concentration
-
Wake up early in the
morning
Fatigue
-
Slowness in movement
Restless in movement
Inability to concentrate
Suicide
-
-
Meaninglessness of life
Suicide attempt
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Anxiety Disorders
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Panic disorder
Phobias
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
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Anxiety Disorders
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Panic disorder
Phobias
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Re-experiencing
- Flashback/vivid memories
-
-
Nightmares
Feeling of trauma
happening again
-
Visual re-experiences of
trauma
-
Distress at exposure to
trigger events
Avoidance/numbing (cont.)
- Experiences disappeared
after the trauma
-
-
-
-
Avoidance/numbing
-
Efforts to escape trigger
events
-
Force self not to have
thoughts or feelings about
the trauma
Lost interest in everyday
life
Lost emotional attachment
to others
Feeling of isolation
Feeling the future is
worthless
Increased arousal symptoms
- Trouble going to sleep
-
-
-
Easily excited
Trouble concentrating
Experiences of
unsubstantiated panic
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Types of Trauma
Child abuse
- Physical
-
-
Sexual
Emotional
Victim/witness of violence
- Domestic
- Community
- School
Accidents (e.g., motor vehicle)
Disasters
War
Terrorism
Refugee
Torture
Medical (e.g., transplant)
Traumatic grief
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Substance Use Disorders
Disorders associated with substances that cause …
- Intoxication
-
-
-
Dependence
Abuse
Withdrawal
Substances can be legal or illegal
- Alcohol, nicotine, prescription drugs, illegal drugs
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Substance Disorder–Related Problems
Maladaptive behavior changes
- Violence, aggression
-
Risky sexual behaviors
Dependence
Slurred speech, stupor
Culture can be important
-
-
Chinese culture frowns on solitary drinking
Zambia: binge drinking almost exclusively
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Severe Mental Illness
Chronic disorders often requiring extensive hospitalization
Characterized by psychoses
- Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and/or behavior
Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders
Severe bipolar disorder with psychotic episodes
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Importance of Function
Disturbance causes clinically significant impairment in social,
academic, or occupational functioning
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