Table of Contents
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
1
PART I
SOLID STATE PHYSICS, ELECTRONICS AND OPTICS
Section 1
Materials and Fabrication
5
Submicron Structures Technology and Research
7
Chapter 1
Professor Henry i. Smith
*
*
*
*
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
*
1.8
*
1.9
1.10
1.11
*
1.12
1.13
1 .14
Chapter 2
Subm icron Structures Laboratory ..............................................................
Microfabrication at Linewidths of 100 nm and Below ............................
Improved Mask Technology for X-Ray Lithography ......................................................
Study of Electron Transport in Si MOSFETs with Deep-Submicron Channel Lengths ...
Studies of Electronic Conduction in One-Dimensional Semiconductor Devices .............
Lateral-Surface-Superlattice and Quantum W ire Arrays in Si .....................................
Study of Surface Superlattice Formation in GaAs/GaAIAs Modulation Doped
Field - Effect T ransisto rs .....
...............
........ ...........................
...................................
Study of One-Dimensional Subbands and Mobility Modulation in GaAs/AIGaAs
Q uantu m W ires ....................................................................
Arrays of Field-Effect-Induced Quantum Dots ........................................................
Planar-Resonant-Tunneling Field-Effect Transistors (PRESTFET) ..................................
Submicrometer- Period Transmission Gratings for X-Ray and Atom-Beam
S pectrosco py and Interferom etry ............................................................................................
High-Dispersion, High Efficiency Transmission Gratings for Astrophysical
. ...................
X- Ray Spectroscopy ........................................
.............
Epitaxy via Surface-Energy-Driven Grain Growth ...........................
P ub licatio ns ......................................
............... .........
7
7
9
10
11
13
Microstructural Evolution in Thin Films of Electronic Materials .................
23
13
15
15
16
17
17
18
18
Professor Carl V. Thompson
*
*
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
Chapter 3
.............................. ...............
Coarsening of Particles on a Planar Substrate ...................
Epitaxial Grain Growth ........................................
....
.
........
.......
Modeling of Microstructural Evolution in Thin Films .....................
Properties of Grain Boundaries in Zone Melted Silicon Thin Films .................................
Kinetics of Thin Film Silicide Form ation ........................................
.............
Reliability and Microstructures of Interconnects .................................
.......
......
...................
Focused Ion Beam Induced Deposition ...............
Protective Coatings for Integrated Circuits in an in vitro Environment ...........................
Publications .............................................................
23
23
24
24
24
25
25
26
26
Focused Ion Beam Fabrication .......................................
27
Dr. John Melngailis
3.1
3.2
*
...................................................
Focused Ion Beam Fabrication ........................
Tunable Gunn Diode ....................................................................................
Sponsored by the Joint Services Electronics Program
27
27
Table of Contents
..................... 28
Light Emission From Tunable Gunn Diodes .............................
Effect of Dose Rate on Activation of Si Implanted in GaAs .......................................... 28
Focused Ion Beam Implantation of GaAs MMICs and MESFETs ................................... 29
29
Doping Gradients in GaAs MESFETs ........................................ ....................
CMOS Transistors Fabricated by Focused Ion Beam Implantation
................................ 2 9
a n d Lith o g ra p h y ....................................................................
Charge Coupled Devices with Focused Ion Beam Implanted Doping
3.8
....
...............................
................... 30
G rad ients in the C hannel ............................
..........
............ 30
Focused Ion Beam Lithography ........................................
3.9
30
3.10 Focused Ion Beam Exposure Combined With Silylation ..........................
................ 31
3.11 Focused Ion Beam Induced Deposition of Platinum .............................
3.12 Ion Induced Deposition of Gold, Results and Models for the 2 to
...................32
......... .....
.........
10 keV Energy Range .................................
3.13 Ion Induced Deposition of Gold, Results and Models for the 50 to
32
100 keV Energy Range ..............................................................
3 .1 4 P u b lic a tio n s ............................................................................................................................... 3 3
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Chapter 4
Chemical Reaction Dynamics at Surfaces .......................................
.......
35
Professor Sylvia T. Ceyer
*
*
4.1
4.2
Chapter 5
................ 35
Dynamics of the Reaction of Fluorine with Si(100) ........................
Dynamics of the Reaction of Fluorine with Fluorinated Si(100) ........................................ 36
Measurement of Electron-phonon Interactions Through Large-amplitude
Phonon Excitation ................................................................
39
Professor Keith A. Nelson
*
*
5 .1
5.2
Chapter 6
In tro d u c tio n .......................................... ... .................. ... ........................................................
39
High Repetition-rate Signals and Resonant Responses of Electronic Materials ............ 39
Chemical Beam Epitaxy of Compound Semiconductors ...............................
43
Professor Leslie A. Kolodziejski
*
*
6.1
6.2
6.3
6 .4
Chapter 7
Chemical Beam Epitaxy Facility ........................................ ......................
Metalorganic Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MOMBE) of ZnSe ...........................................
Photon-assisted MOMBE of Wide Bandgap Il-VI Compound Semiconductors ...........
P u b lic a tio n s ...............................................................................................................................
43
43
45
46
High-Frequency InAIAs/InGaAs Metal-Insulator-Doped Semiconductor
Field-Effect Transistors (MIDFETs) for Telecommunications ........................
47
Professor Jesus A. del Alamo
*
*
*
*
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
Chapter 8
.... ...............
..................... ............
............................
Introduction
Strained-channel InAIAs/n - InGaAs MIDFETs ................................................
Orientation Dependence of Mismatched-Insulator InAIAs/n*-InGaAs MIDFETs .........
Publications and Conference Papers ............................................................
47
47
50
55
Novel Superconducting Tunneling Structures ......................................
57
...
Professor John M. Graybeal
S 8.1
Chapter 9
Project Description ...............................................................
57
Heterostructures for High Performance Devices ........................................
59
Professor Clifton J. Fonstad, Jr.
iv
RLE Progress Report Number 133
Table of Contents
*
*
9 .1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
*
9.8
9.9
9.10
*
*
*
9.11
9.12
9.13
9.14
9.15
9 .1 6
Section 2
Chapter 1
In tro d u c tio n ...............................................................................................................................
59
Computer Controlled Growth of Lattice-Matched InGaAIAs Heterostructures on InP .... 60
InGaAIAs Strained-Layer Heterostructures on 111 GaAs
and InP for Optoelectronic Device Applications ..........
.............
................. 60
Molecular Beam Epitaxy of GaAIAs Laser Diode Heterostructures on
S ilico n S u bstrates ....................................................................................................
. . .... . 6 1
Integration of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers on GaAs Integrated Circuits ........ 61
MBE-Grown InGaAIAs/InP Long-Wavelength Laser Diodes for Narrow
Linewidth Applications .......
........................................
62
Applications for New Three Terminal Laser Diodes with Dynamic Control
of Gain and Refractive Index ...........................................
63
Use of Graded Profiles to Improve InGaAIAs/InP Heterojunction Bipolar
Transistor Performance ...............................................
63
Applications of Delta-Doping to Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors .............................. 64
Microwave Characterization, Analysis, and Modeling of Emitter-Down
Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors .......................................
64
AlAs Etch-Stop Layers for InGaAIAs/InP Heterostructure Devices and Circuits ........... 65
Three-Terminal n-n-n Quantum-Well-Base, Tunnel-Barrier Devices .............................. 65
Self-Consistent Modeling of Biased Quantum-Well-Base, Tunnel-Barrier Structures .... 66
Infrared Characterization of InGaAs/AIAs/InP Quantum Well Heterostructures .......
. 66
Damage-Free In-Situ UHV Etching and Cleaning of III-V Heterostructures
Using M olecular Beams ...........................................................
67
P u b lic atio n s ...................................................................................................
........................ 6 8
Optics and Devices
Optics and Quantum Electronics .........................................
71
..............
73
Professor Hermann A. Haus, Professor Erich P. Ippen, Professor James G. Fujimoto,
Professor Peter A. Wolff, Professor Peter L. Hagelstein, Dr. Sunny Auyang,
Dr. Santanu Basu, Dr. Jyhpyng Wang
*
*
*
S 1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1 .5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
Chapter 2
Ultrafast Optics ............ .........................................................
73
New Ultrashort Pulse Laser Technology ........................................
82
Femtosecond Processes in Electronic Materials .......................
.............. 86
Femtosecond Studies of Waveguide Devices ........
..............
.................. 88
La ser M e d ic in e ...................................................................................................
................. 9 0
The MIT Short-Wavelength Laser Project: A Status Report .....................
93
Generalizing Hydrodynamic Transport in Semiconductor Device Modeling ................ 102
Hydrodynamic Calculations
........................................
102
Infrared Laser Studies .......
........................................
103
Approximations to the Single Photon Exchange Interaction ..................... ................... 103
Coherent Neutron Transfer Reactions ....................................
104
Superconducting Electronic Devices ......................................
107
Professor Qing Hu
2.1
2.2
Section 3
Chapter 1
High Tc Superconducting SQUIDs and M ixers ........................................
Millimeter Wave and Infrared Superconducting Receivers ......................
.............
107
107
Surfaces and Interfaces
109
Statistical Mechanics of Surface Systems and Quantum-Correlated
System s ................................................
. . ...................................................
111
Professor A. Nihat Berker
*
*
1.1
1.2
Introduction . ..................................................................................
Finite-Temperature Properties of Vicinal Si(100) Surfaces .......................................
111
111
Table of Contents
*
*
1.3
1.4
*
1.5
Chapter 2
Impurity-Induced Critical Behavior ........................................
Monte Carlo Mean-Field Theory and Frustrated Systems in Two and
T h re e D im e n s io n s ....................................................................................................................
Q uantum System s ...............................................................
112
Synchrotron X-Ray Studies of Surface Disordering ..................................
115
112
113
Professor Robert J. Birgeneau
*
*
*
*
*
2 .1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2 .5
Chapter 3
......................... 1 15
In tro d u c tio n ..............................................................................................
115
M etal Surface Studies ..............................................................
Sem iconductor Surface Studies ............................................................ 116
........ 117
................................................
Stepped Si(111) Surfaces
1 17
P u b lic a tio n s .............................................................................................................................
Semiconductor Surface Studies .....................................
119
Professor John D. Joannopoulos
*
*
*
3 .1
3.2
3.3
Chapter 4
119
In tro d u c tio n .............................................................................................................................
119
.............................................................................
Heteroepitaxy
of
M
odel
icroscopic
M
................... 121
Finite Temperature Phase Diagram of Vicinal Si(100) ....................
Single Electron Transistors ............................................................................
125
Professor Marc A. Kastner
S 4 .1
Chapter 5
P roject Desc rip tio n ..................................................................................................................
125
Coulomb Blockade in Narrow MOSFETs .....................................
129
Professor Patrick A. Lee
S 5 .1
Chapter 6
P roject Desc rip tio n ..................................................................................................................
1 29
Epitaxy and Step Structures on Semiconductor Surfaces .........................
131
Professor Simon G.J. Mochrie
S 6.1
131
Project Description ...............................................................
PART II
APPLIED PHYSICS
Section 1
Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
135
Quantum Optics and Photonics ...................................................................
137
Chapter 1
Professor Shaoul Ezekiel
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Chapter 2
Applications of Stimulated Brillouin Fiber Lasers ........................................
Stim ulated Brillouin Fiber Laser Gyroscope .................................................................
Structures Much Shorter and Longer Than Optical Wavelengths Predicted in
the Force on a Three-Level System ......................................
Phase-Locked, Closed-Loop Three-Wave Mixing Demonstrated in Atomic Sodium
via Excitation of Microwave Dressed States With Optical Frequencies ......................
Basic Atom ic Physics .................................
.........
. ....................................
137
139
141
142
145
Professor Daniel Kleppner, Professor David E. Pritchard
*
*
vi
2.1
2.2
2.3
145
The Diamagnetic Rydberg Atom ..........................................
149
..................
......
Constant
Rydberg
the
of
Measurement
Millimeter-Wave Frequency
......................... 152
Precision Mass Spectroscopy of Ions ................................
RLE Progress Report Number 133
Table of Contents
*
2.4
2.5
Chapter 3
Atom Interferometry ...............................................
Cooling and Trapping Neutral Atom s ............................................................
.........
Small Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering - Its Application
to Supramolecular Solutions .......................................
154
157
161
Professor Sow-Hsin Chen
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Section 2
Chapter 1
A New Inversion Algorithm for Obtaining Density Profiles of Thin Films
From X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity Data ........................................
Interlayer Diffusion in Langm uir-Blodgett Films ........................................
Structure of a Protein/SDS Complex in Low Ionic Strength
Solution Studied by Small Angle Neutron Scattering ................................
Isotope Effect in Phase Separation of a Lipid/Water Micellar System ..........................
Measurement and Interpretation of Counterion Distribution Around
Cylindrical Polyelectrolytes ............................................
Aggregation Behavior and Phase Transition of Semifluorinated n-Alkanes
in Hydrocarbons and Fluorocarbons ........................................
Light Scattering From Dense Percolating Microemulsions .......................................
Plasma Physics
Plasma Dynamics ........................................
161
162
162
163
164
165
166
169
171
Professor George Bekefi, Professor Abraham Bers, Professor Bruno Coppi,
Professor Miklos Porkolab, Professor Jonathan S. Wurtele, Dr. Ronald C. Englade,
Dr. Stefano Migliuolo, Dr. Abhay K. Ram, Dr. Linda E. Sugiyama
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Section 3
Chapter 1
*
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
Section 4
C hapter 1
Relativistic Electron Beams ........................................
Plasma Wave Interactions - RF Heating and Current Generation ..................................
Physics of Thermonuclear Plasmas ........................................
Versator II Plasma Research Program .................. .............................
171
177
182
189
Electromagnetics
193
Electromagnetic Wave Theory and Applications .....................................
195
Professor Jin Au Kong, Dr. Sami M. Ali, Dr. Robert T. Shin, Dr. Ying-Ching E. Yang
Electrom agnetic W aves in M ultilayer M edia .......................................
..................
Remote Sensing of Earth Terrain ........................................
SAR Image Interpretation and Simulation ................................
...........
M icrowave and Millimeter W ave Integrated Circuits ........................................
High-Speed Integrated Circuit Interconnects ........................................
ILS/M LS Frequency Management Assessment .........................................
Superconducting Electronics ..........................................
Publications and Conference Papers ........................................
195
200
205
208
211
212
214
215
Radio Astronomy
219
Radio A stronom y .........................................................................................
221
Professor Bernard F. Burke, Professor David H. Staelin, Dr. Jacqueline N. Hewitt,
Dr. Philip W. Rosenkranz
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Galactic and Extragalatic Research ..........................................
Radio Interferometry of Nearby dMe Stars ........................................
Tiros-N Satellite Microwave Sounder .............................................
Non-Thermal Radio Emission from the Jovian Planets ........................
High-Resolution Passive Microwave Imaging of Atmospheric Structure .....................
221
225
225
226
226
Table of Contents
1.6
1.7
1.8
227
Characterization of Dolphin Whistles ............ .........................
227
....
Rapid Precision Net-Form Manufacturing ..............................
228
..............................
Unit
Sounding
Microwave
Earth Observing System: Advanced
PART III
SYSTEMS AND SIGNALS
Section 1
Digital Signal Processing
Chapter 1
Digital Signal Processing Research Program
231
............................................
233
Professor Alan V. Oppenheim
233
In tro d u c tio n ....................................................................
Estimation
Spectra
Wave
Directional
for
Method
Likelihood
A True Maximum
233
and Matched-field Source Localization .......................................
Performance Bounds on the Passive Localization of a Moving Source
1.3
234
......................................
......................
fo r O c e a n A c o u stic s ................................
234
Fault-Tolerant Algorithms and Architectures for Digital Signal Processing .................
1.4
................... 235
Fault-Tolerant Round Robin A/D Converter System ................................
1.5
Implementation and Evaluation of a Dual-Sensor Time-Adaptive EM Algorithm ....... 235
1.6
Estimation and Correction of Geometric Distortions in Side-Scan Sonar Images ....... 236
1.7
236
Signal Processing Applications of Chaotic Dynamical Systems ................................
1.8
236
...........................
Scenarios
Multidimensional
High-Resolution Direction Finding for
1.9
237
..................................................
Tomography
Acoustic
Ocean
for
Processing
Signal
1.10
1.11 Structure Driven Multiprocessor Compilation of DSP and Linear Algebra
. ............................................................ 2 37
Pro ble m s ......................................................................
Using Minmax
Development
Processor
Array
Non-planewave
Robust
1.12
238
De s ig n C rite ria ..................................................................
239
.....................................
Systems
1.13 Shadowing and Noise Reduction in Chaotic
239
....
..............................
Delay
Group
Negative
with
Filters
1.14 Causal
240
1.15 Signal Prediction Based on Nonlinear and Chaotic System Models ...........................
240
...........................
Measurements
1.16 Signal Enhancement Using Single and Multisensor
241
..................
.....................
Signals
Fractal
of
Processing
and
Analysis,
1.17 Synthesis,
241
1.18 A ctive Noise Cancellation ..............................................
1 .1
1.2
Chapter 2
Speech Processing Research Program ..................................................... 243
Professor Jae S. Lim
2 .1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
243
In tro d u c tio n ....................................................................
243
....
Development of a 1.5 Kbps Speech Vocoder .............................
243
....
A New Method for Representing Speech Spectrograms ....................
244
........................................
odel
M
Speech
Excitation
Dual
A
244
Speech Enhancement Techniques for the Dual Excitation Vocoder Model .................
245
...
.....................
Synthesis
Nonlinear and Statistical Approach to Speech
Chapter 3
247
Advanced Television Research Program ...........................................
Professor Jae S. Lim, Professor William F. Schreiber
3 .1
3 .2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
viii
2 47
...........
.......
In tro d u c tio n ....................................................................
2 47
A T R P F a c ilitie s ..................................................................
Coding of the Motion Compensated Residual for an All-Digital HDTV System ........ 248
248
Motion-Compensated Vertico-Temporal and Spatial Interpolation ............................
248
....
..................
Receiver-Compatible Adaptive Modulation for Television .
.................. 249
Adaptive Amplitude Modulation for Transform Coefficients ..
250
...
Transform Coding for High Definition Television ..........................
250
Adaptive Spatio-tem poral Filtering ........................................
251
....
Signal Processing for Advanced Television Systems ........................
RLE Progress Report Number 133
Table of Contents
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
Chapter 4
4.1
Chapter 5
MIT Channel Compatible System .......................................
Subband Coding for Channel-Compatible Transmission of High-Definition
Television ................
..............................
................ ..................
.
Hybrid Analog/Digital Representation of Analog Signals ........................................
Channel Equalization and Interference Reduction Using Adaptive Amplitude
Modulation and Scrambling ...........................................
Computer-Aided Fabrication System Structure ......................................
Professor Donald E. Troxel
CAFE - The MIT Computer Aided Fabrication Environment ..............
............
251
251
252
253
255
...... 255
Optical Propagation and Communication ......................................
257
Professor Jeffrey H. Shapiro, Dr. Robert H. Rediker, Dr. Ngai C. Wong
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
Chapter 6
Introduction ..... ......... ...................................................................
.............
Squeezed States of Light ............
............
.....
..................
Optical Frequency Division ...........................................
Laser Radar System Theory ...........................................
Fiber-Coupled External-Cavity Semiconductor High Power Laser ................................
Analog Processing of Optical Wavefronts Using Integrated Guided-Wave Optics ........
257
257
259
260
261
262
Custom Integrated Circuits ........................................
265
Professor Jonathan Allen, Professor John L. Wyatt, Jr., Professor Srinivas Devadas,
Professor Jacob White
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
Custom Integrated Circuits ............................................
265
The MIT Vision Chip Project: Analog VLSI Systems for Fast Image Acquisition
and Early Vision Processing ...........................................
267
Techniques for Logic Synthesis, Verification and Testing .......................................
273
Mixed Circuit/Device Simulation ................................................
280
Simulation Algorithms for Clocked Analog Circuits .................................................... . 281
Parallel Simulation Algorithms for Analog Array Signal Processors ............................... 281
Numerical Simulation of Short Channel MOS Devices .................. ...........
.....
282
Efficient 3-D Capacitance Extraction Algorithms ............................................... 283
Parallel Numerical Algorithms ..........................................
283
Integrated Circuit Reliability ........................................
284
PART IV
LANGUAGE, SPEECH AND HEARING
Section 1
Speech Communication
Chapter 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
Speech Com m unication ..............................................................................
Professor Kenneth N. Stevens, Dr. Joseph S. Perkell, Dr. Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel
Introduction ......................................................
Models, Theory, and Data in Speech Physiology ............
..........
..................
Speech Synthesis ............................................................................
. ..
........
........
Speech Production of Cochlear Implant Patients ............................
Phonatory Function Associated with Misuse of the Vocal Mechanism ........................
Studies of Acoustics and Perception of Speech Sounds ................................
Speech Production Planning ..........................................
Models Relating Phonetics, Phonology, and Lexical Access ................ ..............
....
Other Research Relating to Special Populations ....................................
Facilities ....... ...
............................................................
.............................
Publications .... ....... ......................................................................
............
287
289
289
290
291
291
292
294
297
298
299
300
300
Table of Contents
Section 2
Chapter 1
1 .1
1.2
1.3
1 .4
1 .5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1 .1 1
Section 3
Chapter 1
1 .1
1.2
1 .3
1.4
1.5
1 .6
1.7
Section 4
C hapter 1
303
Sensory Communication
Sensory Communication ...........................................................................
Professor Louis D. Braida, Nathaniel I. Durlach, Dr. William M. Rabinowitz,
Dr. Charlotte M. Reed, Dr. Patrick M. Zurek
305
...........................
In tro d u c tio n ..............................................................................................
Hearing A id Research .....................................................................................
Multimicrophone Hearing Aids ..........................................
Co ch lear Pro stheses .......................................................................................
B in a u ra l Hea rin g .........................................................................................
Clinical Applications of Binaural Hearing ................................................................
Tactile Communication of Speech .........................................
Super Auditory Localization for Improved Human-Machine Interfaces .......................
Research on Reduced-Capability Human Hands ........................................................
Skin Biom echanics ................................................................
..........................
P u b lic atio n s ..............................................................................................
305
3 05
307
308
309
310
310
312
313
314
315
Auditory Physiology
317
319
Signal Transmission in the Auditory System .....................................
Professor Lawrence S. Frishkopf, Professor Nelson Y.S. Kiang, Professor William T.
Peake, Professor William M. Siebert, Professor Thomas F. Weiss, Dr. Betrand Delgutte,
Dr. Donald K. Eddington, Dr. John J. Guinan, Dr. Robert A. Levine
3 19
In tro d u c tio n ....................................... .....................................................................................
319
....................
Signal Transmission in the External and Middle Ear .....................
321
Coch lear M ec han ism s .......................................................................................
324
..............................................................
Reflex
Middle-Ear Muscle
325
Cochlear Efferent System ...............................................
3 26
C o ch lear Im p la nts ........................................................................................
and
Hearing
Binaural
Between
Relationships
the
for
Anatomical Basis
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Humans ........................................ 328
Linguistics ...........................................................................
Linguistics ...........................................
......................................................
331
333
Professor Noam Chomsky, Professor Morris Halle
1 .1
1.2
x
Intro d uc tio n .............................................................................................................................
....................
Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations ...................
RLE Progress Report Number 133
333
333
Table of Contents
APPENDICES
Appendix A RLE Publications and Papers Presented ......................................
A.1
A.2
A.3
A.4
A.5
A.6
Meeting Papers .....
........ ............................................................
.............
Journal Articles ..................................................................................................
.
Books/Chapters in Books ............................................
RLE Publications ................
..
..................................................
Theses ........
.......................
...........................
M iscellaneous .....
........ ............................................................
................
Appendix B Current RLE Personnel
........................................
Appendix C RLE Research Support Index .......................................
PROJECT STAFF AND SUBJECT INDEX ......................................
341
341
354
366
368
368
370
371
377
381