SPECIAL REPORT
EMPLOYMENT
IN THE
HUDSON VALLEY
2011
MARIST COLLEGE
Dr. Christy Huebner Caridi
Bureau of Economic Research
School of Management
Poughkeepsie, New York 12601
Edited by Leslie Bates
March 2011
This report is available on the Bureau of Economic Research homepage at
http://www.marist.edu/management/bureau
The support of student research assistant Sarah Greenberg and Kristen
Sandberg and student intern Brian Day is acknowledged and appreciated.
While every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this report is accurate, Marist College
cannot be held responsible for any remaining errors.
Hudson Valley Employment
Annual Update
Over the 10-year period ending in 2011, private-sector job creation in the Hudson Valley
grew at an annualized rate of less than two tenths of one percent (.14 percent). Nearby regions
witnessed similar results with the New York City Region posting the highest rate of growth at
.82 percent followed by the Long Island and Capital regions at .25 percent and .22 percent,
respectively. Statewide, private-sector job creation grew at an annualized rate of .32 percent per
year. Across the state, the annual rate of job creation ranged from a high of 1.81 percent in
Schuyler County to a low of -1.45 percent in Hamilton County. Overall, eight counties reported
private-sector job growth greater than one percent per annum while half of all counties reported
zero to negative job growth rates. Over the same 10-year period, public-sector job creation in the
Hudson Valley contracted at an annualized rate of -.21 percent compared to a -.23 percent
contraction statewide. Nearby regions—New York City, Long Island and Capital—posted
similar results.
Anemic job growth in both the private and public sectors placed downward pressure on
wage growth. Over the 10-year period, private-sector wages in the Hudson Valley grew at an
annualized rate of 2.84 percent compared to a 2.98 percent rate of growth in the Long Island
Region and a 2.96 percent rate of growth in the Capital Region. Wage growth in the New York
City Region was somewhat higher at 3.44 percent while statewide, the average annual privatesector wage grew at an annual rate of 3.32 percent. Across the state, the annual rate of wage
growth ranged from a high of 4.23 percent in Orleans County to a low of 1.07 percent in Niagara
County. Overall, three counties—5 percent of all counties—reported wage growth in excess of 4
percent per annum; 23 counties—37 percent of all counties—reported wage growth between 4
and 3 percent while 36 counties—58 percent of all counties—reported private-sector wage
growth of less than 3 percent per year.
Region-wide, private-sector employment is dominated by three sectors—education and
health services, trade, transportation and utilities and professional and business services. Since
2002, the portion of total private-sector employment supplied by these three sectors has
expanded from 58.25 percent of all private-sector employment to 61.83 percent in 2011. Over the
period, the three sectors combined grew at an annualized rate of .81 percent. The education and
health services sector generated the highest level of job growth at 1.84 percent followed by the
professional and business services sector at .74 percent. The rate of job growth in the trade,
transportation and utilities sector was -.10 percent. Over the period, the average wage grew at an
annualized rate of 3.32 percent, 3.24 and 2.10, respectively.
Across the Hudson Valley, employment in the manufacturing sector declined at an
annual rate of 3.52 percent resulting in the loss of 18,311 manufacturing jobs and a diminishing
presence in the Valley. Since 2002, the share of private-sector employment represented by
manufacturing has fallen 2.70 percentage points from 9.48 percent in 2002 to 6.78 percent in
2011. The aggregate wage bill at 10.63 percent of total private-sector wages (2011) continues to
be an important albeit declining source of wage income. Within the region, Ulster County
reported the largest rate of decline at 4.70 percent followed by Dutchess and Westchester
counties at 4.59 percent and 4.23 percent, respectively.
As of year-end 2011, employment in the Hudson Valley accounted for 10.23 percent of all
jobs in New York State compared to 10.28 percent of all jobs in 2010. Year over year, the job
count rose from 857,286 in 2010 to 863,769 in 2011 while the average annual (all-industry) wage
increased 1.47 percent from $53,379 to $54,166.Over the same period, the job count in New York
State advanced—from 8,341,310 to 8,442,101—and the average annual (all-industry) wage
increased 2.54 percent from $60,263 to $61,792. Overall, the region’s average annual privatesector wage ($52,530) was 110.00 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in the U.S.
($47,815), 83.28 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in New York State ($63,077)
and 85.13 percent of the region’s average annual public-sector wage ($61,707).
As of year-end 2011, 82.17 percent of all jobs were in the private sector with education
and health services, trade, transportation and utilities and professional and business services
accounting for 61.83 percent (438,840) of this total. Year over year, the number of jobs increased
(2.95 percent) in the professional and business services sector, (2.11 percent) in the trade,
transportation and utilities sector and (1.22 percent) in the education and health services sector.
The average annual wage ranged from a high of $77,291 in the professional and business services
sector to a low of $41,406 in the trade, transportation and utilities sector. The public sector
accounted for 17.83 percent of all jobs, down from 18.61 percent in 2010. Year over year, the job
count fell (5,551) from 159,560 in 2010 to 154,009 in 2011 while the average annual wage
advanced 2.01 percent from $60,489 to $61,707.
A little over 12 percent (12.72 percent) of all private-sector jobs were in high-wage
industries—defined as the top four sectors ranked from the highest average wage paid to the
lowest average wage paid —compared to 12.75 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year
over year, the number of jobs in the top four sectors rose 1.50 percent from 88,963 in 2010 to
90,295 in 2011. The job count increased in three of the four high-wage industries including
management of companies and enterprises (4.62 percent), finance and insurance (1.03 percent),
and professional and business services (1.48 percent) and fell in the utilities sector (2.69
percent). The average annual wage in the top four at $108,241 was two times as large as the
average annual private-sector wage ($52,530) and almost four times the average annual wage
paid in the bottom four ($27,535). Within the region, Dutchess County has the highest relative
share of high-wage jobs at 16.00 percent of total private-sector employment followed by
Westchester and Rockland counties at 13.00 and 12.60 percent, respectively. Orange County has
the lowest relative share at 6.10 percent. The wage spread between the high- and low-wage
sectors is the highest in Westchester County (4.72 times), followed by Dutchess County at 4.00
times and Rockland County at 3.20 times. The lowest wage spread—between high- and lowwage sectors—occurred in Ulster County at 2.18 times.
During the same period, 32.01 percent of all private-sector jobs were in low-wage
industries—defined as the bottom four sectors ranked from highest average wage paid to the
lowest average wage paid—compared to 31.64 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year
over year, the number of jobs in the bottom four increased 2.91 percent from 220,742 in 2010 to
227,173 in 2011. The job count increased in all low-wage industries including other services (2.54
percent), retail trade (2.12 percent), arts, entertainment and recreation (1.87 percent), and
accommodation and food services (4.94 percent).The average annual wage in the bottom four
sectors at $27,535 was 52.42 percent of the average annual private-sector wage and, as noted
above, one-fourth (25.44 percent) of the average annual wage paid in the top four sectors.
Hudson Valley Employment
2002-2011
Over the 10-year period ending in 2011, private-sector job creation in the Hudson Valley
grew at an annualized rate of less than two tenths of 1 percent (.14 percent). Nearby regions
witnessed similar results with the New York City Region posting the highest rate of growth at
.82 percent followed by the Long Island and Capital regions at .25 percent and .22 percent,
respectively. Statewide, private-sector job creation grew at an annualized rate of .32 percent per
year. Across the state, the annual rate of job creation ranged from a high of 1.81 percent in
Schuyler County to a low of -1.45 percent in Hamilton County. Overall, eight counties reported
private-sector job growth greater than 1 percent per annum while half of all counties reported
zero to negative job growth rates. The rate of private-sector job growth in Putnam County at .93
percent ranked ninth in the state and was the highest in the Hudson Valley Region. Orange
County ranked second in the region at .86 percent followed by Rockland County at.47 percent.
Statewide, Orange ranked 12th while Rockland ranked 20th. In Sullivan and Westchester
counties the rate of job growth was not significantly different from zero while job growth fell in
both Dutchess (-.29 percent) and Ulster (-0.93 percent) counties. Relative to state, Sullivan
ranked 28th, Westchester ranked 29th, Dutchess ranked 39th and Ulster ranked 54th . Over the
same 10-year period, public-sector job creation in the Hudson Valley contracted at an
annualized rate of -.21 percent compared to a -.23 percent contraction statewide. Nearby
regions—New York City, Long Island and Capital—posted similar results.
Anemic job growth in both the private and public sectors placed downward pressure on
wage growth. Over the 10-year period, private-sector wages in the Hudson Valley grew at an
annualized rate of 2.84 percent compared to a 2.98 percent rate of growth in the Long Island
Region and a 2.96 percent rate of growth in the Capital Region. Wage growth in the New York
City Region was somewhat higher at 3.44 percent while statewide, the average annual privatesector wage grew at an annual rate of 3.32 percent. Across the state, the annual rate of wage
growth ranged from a high of 4.23 percent in Orleans County to a low of 1.07 percent in Niagara
County. Overall, three counties—5 percent of all counties—reported wage growth in excess of 4
percent per annum; 23 counties—37 percent of all counties—reported wage growth between 4
and 3 percent while 36 counties—58 percent of all counties—reported private-sector wage
growth of less than 3 percent per year. Within the region, Westchester County reported the
highest rate of private-sector wage growth at 2.97 percent (state rank 27th) followed by Ulster
County (2.95 percent), Sullivan County (2.91 percent), Rockland County (2.88 percent),
Putnam County (2.72 percent) and Orange County (2.63 percent). Dutchess County reported
the lowest rate of growth at 2.39 percent.
Private-sector employment in the Hudson Valley is dominated by three sectors—
education and health services, trade, transportation and utilities and professional and business
services. Since 2002, the portion of total private-sector employment supplied by these three
1
sectors has expanded from 58.25 percent of all private employment to 61.83 percent in 2011. Over
Annualized Rate of Job Growth
Dominant Sectors
2002‐2011
Dutchess County
1.76%
1.88%
‐0.91%
Orange County
1.00%
Putnam County
1.16%
Rockland County
1.55%
0.25%
1.11%
2.97%
Sullivan County ‐1.16%
Ulster County
Westchester County
‐0.13%
‐0.40%
Hudson Valley Region
‐0.10%
Education and Health
1.89%
0.84%
‐0.60%
2.68%
2.23%
2.43%
2.47%
1.75%
0.18%
1.84%
0.74%
Trade, Transportation and Utilities
Business and Professional the period, the three sectors combined grew at an annualized rate of .81 percent. The education
and health services sector generated the highest level of job growth at 1.84 percent followed by
Annualized Rate of Wage Growth
Dominant Sectors 2002‐2011
Dutchess County
Putnam County
Rockland County
Sullivan County
Ulster County
Westchester County
Hudson Valley Region
Education and Health
3.61%
3.66%
2.18%
Orange County
2
4.93%
1.87%
1.86%
5.04%
1.39%
1.41%
2.56%
3.17%
2.07%
2.30%
2.81%
2.85%
2.68%
2.45%
1.88%
4.13%
3.14%
2.10%
Trade, Transportation and Utilities
3.77%
3.32%
3.24%
Business and Professional the professional and business services sector at .74 percent. The rate of job growth in the trade,
transportation and utilities sector was -.10 percent. Over the period, the average wage grew at an
annualized rate of 3.32 percent, 3.24 and 2.10, respectively. Within the region, the job count in
the education and health services sector grew the fastest in Sullivan County ( 2.97 percent)
followed by Orange County (2.68 percent) and Putnam County (2.43 percent). The job count in
trade, transportation and utilities grew in Putnam (1.16 percent), Orange (1.00 percent), and
Rockland (.25 percent) and fell across the balance of the region. The rate of job growth in the
professional and business services sector was positive in all but Ulster County. Wage growth
was positive across all three sectors and all seven counties.
Region-wide, employment in the manufacturing sector declined at an annual rate of 3.52
percent resulting in the loss of 18,311 manufacturing jobs and a diminishing presence in the
Annualized Rate of Job and Wage Growth Manufacturing Sector 2002‐2011
Dutchess County
‐4.59%
3.59%
‐2.41%
Orange County
2.48%
0.41%
Putnam County
Rockland County
3.40%
2.63%
2.55%
Sullivan County
Ulster County
Westchester County
Hudson Valley Region
1.89%
‐2.48%
‐4.70%
3.05%
‐4.23%
3.99%
‐3.52%
3.30%
Job Growth Wage Growth
Valley. Since 2002, the share of private-sector employment represented by manufacturing has
fallen 2.70 percentage points from 9.48 percent in 2002 to 6.78 percent in 2011. The aggregate
Manufacturing Dutchess County Orange County Putnam County Rockland County Sullivan County Ulster County Westchester County Hudson Valley Region Percent of Total Private‐Sector Employment Average Annual Employment 2002 2011 2002 2011 18.36% 9.48% 7.41% 13.21% 5.29% 11.94% 6.12% 9.48% 12.35% 7.04% 7.08% 10.11% 6.65% 8.42% 4.13% 6.78% 16,714 9,044 1,373 11,793 1,001 5,669 20,817 66,411 10,954 7,258 1,425 9,410 1,264 3,677 14,114 48,102 Data Source: New York State Department of Labor QCEW Series; author calculations wage bill at 10.63 percent of total private-sector wages (2011) continues to be an important
albeit declining source of wage income. Within the region, Ulster County reported the largest
rate of decline at 4.70 percent followed by Dutchess and Westchester counties at 4.59 percent
and 4.23 percent, respectively.
3
Hudson Valley Employment
2010-2011
In the year 2011, employment in the Hudson Valley accounted for 10.23 percent of all jobs in
New York State compared to 10.28 percent of all jobs in 2010. Year over year, the job count rose
from 857,286 in 2010 to 863,769 in 2011 while the average annual (all-industry) wage increased
1.47 percent from $53,379 to $54,166.Over the same period, the job count in New York State
advanced—from 8,341,310 to 8,442,101—and the average annual (all-industry) wage increased
2.54 percent from $60,263 to $61,792. Overall, the region’s average annual private-sector wage
($52,530) was 110.00 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in the U.S. ($47,815),
83.28 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in New York State ($63,077) and 85.13
percent of the region’s average annual public-sector wage ($61,707).
The private sector accounted for 82.17 percent of all jobs in 2011 and was dominated by three
super-sectors: education and health services; trade, transportation and utilities; and professional
and business services. Collectively these three super-sectors accounted for 61.83 percent
(438,840) of the total private-sector job count in 2011. Year over year, the number of jobs
increased 2.95 percent in the professional and business services sector, 2.11 percent in the trade,
transportation and utilities sector and 1.22 percent in the education and health services sector.
The average annual wage ranged from a high of $77,291 in the professional and business services
sector to a low of $41,406 in the trade, transportation and utilities sector.
Average Annual
Employment
Education and Health
Services
Trade, Transportation and
Utilities
Professional and Business
Services
Percent of
Private-Sector
Employment
Percent of
Private-Sector
Wages
Average Annual
Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
172,790
170,708
24.34%
24.47%
21.20%
21.04%
$45,748
$44,502
171,541
168,004
24.17%
24.08%
19.05%
18.97%
$41,406
$40,765
94,509
91,805
13.32%
13.16%
19.59%
19.41%
$77,291
$76,351
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
The public sector accounted for 17.83 percent of all jobs in 2011, down from 18.61 percent in
2010. Year over year, the job count fell (5,551) from 159,560 in 2010 to 154,009 in 2011 while the
average annual wage advanced 2.01 percent from $60,489 to $61,707.
In the year 2011, 12.72 percent of all private-sector jobs were in high-wage industries—defined
as the top four sectors ranked from the highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
paid—compared to 12.75 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of
jobs in the top four sectors rose 1.50 percent from 88,963 in 2010 to 90,295 in 2011. The job count
4
increased in three of the four high-wage industries including management of companies and
enterprises (4.62 percent), finance and insurance (1.03 percent), and professional and business
services (1.48 percent) and fell in the utilities sector (2.69 percent). The average annual wage in
the top four at $108,241 was two times as large as the average annual private-sector wage
($52,530) and almost four times the average annual wage paid in the bottom four ($27,535).
Percent of Total
Employment
Percent of Aggregate
Private-Sector Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
High-Wage Industries
12.72%
12.75%
26.21%
26.12%
Low-Wage Industries
32.01%
31.64%
16.78%
16.56%
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
In the year 2011, 32.01 percent of all private-sector jobs were in low-wage industries— defined
as the bottom four sectors ranked from highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
paid—compared to 31.64 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of
jobs in the bottom four increased
Annual Average
Wages
2.91 percent from 220,742 in 2010 to
Wages
227,173 in 2011. The job count
Data Source: New York State Department of
Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
increased in all low-wage industries
2011
2010
including other services (2.54
Private Sector
$52,530
$51,753
percent), retail trade (2.12 percent),
Public Sector
$61,707
$60,489
High-Wage Industries
$108,241
$106,031
arts, entertainment and recreation
Low-Wage industries
$27,535
$27,085
(1.87 percent) and accommodation
and food services (4.94 percent).The average annual wage in the bottom four sectors at $27,535
was 52.42 percent of the average annual private-sector wage and, as noted above, one-fourth
(25.44 percent) of the average annual wage paid in the top four sectors.
5
Dutchess County
2010-2011
In the year 2011, Dutchess County accounted for 12.75 percent of all jobs in the Hudson Valley
and 1.30 percent of all jobs in New York State. Year over year, the job count fell from 110,154 in
2010 to 110,135 in 2011 while the average annual (all-industry) wage increased from $47,676 to
$48,785. Overall, the average annual private-sector wage ($47,345) was 90.13 percent of the
average annual private-sector wage in the Hudson Valley ($52,530), 75.06 percent of the average
annual private-sector wage in New York State ($63,077) and 86.49 percent of the average annual
public-sector wage ($54,742).
The private sector accounted for 80.52 percent (88,685) of all jobs in 2011 and was
dominated by three super-sectors: education and health services; trade, transportation and
utilities; and manufacturing. Collectively these three industry groups accounted for 60.90
percent (54,006) of the total private-sector job count in 2011 compared to 60.76 percent (53,470)
of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of jobs increased in the education
and health services sector (2.15 percent) and the trade, transportation and utilities sector (0.43
percent) and fell in the manufacturing sector (0.70 percent). The average annual
wage ranged from a high of $102,415 in the manufacturing sector to a low of $33,639 in the trade,
transportation and utilities sector.
Average Annual
Employment
2011
Education and Health
Services
Trade, Transportation
and Utilities
Manufacturing
2010
Percent of
Private-Sector
Employment
2011
2010
Percent of
Private-Sector
Wages
2011
2010
Average Annual
Wages
2011
2010
25,635
25,096
28.91%
28.52%
26.95%
26.72%
$43,526
$42,569
17,417
17,343
19.64%
19.71%
14.15%
14.41%
$33,639
$33,217
27.25%
$102,415
$98,773
10,954
11,031
12.35%
12.53%
27.10%
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
The public sector accounted for 19.48 percent of all jobs in 2011, down from 20.11 percent in
2010. Year over year, the job count fell from 22,149 in 2010 to 21,450 in 2011 while the average
annual wage advanced 1.54 percent from $53,912 to $54,742.
In the year 2011, 16.02 percent of all private-sector jobs were in high-wage industries—defined
as the top four sectors ranked from the highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
paid—compared to 16.31 percent in 2010. Year over year, the number of high-wage jobs declined
6
1.00 percent from 14,353 to 14,210. The job count declined in all four of the high-wage sectors.
Mining posted the largest decline at 3.17 percent1 followed by the wholesale trade sector (2.44
percent) and the management of companies and enterprises sector (0.93 percent)2.
Manufacturing employment continues to contract, posting a year-over-year loss of .70 percent.
The average annual wage—in the high-wage industries—was $95,220: twice the average annual
private-sector wage ($47,345) and four (4.03) times greater than the average annual wage
paid in the low-wage industries ($23,546).
Percent of Total
Employment
High-Wage Industries
Low-Wage Industries
2011
16.02%
29.95%
2010
16.31%
29.80%
Percent of Aggregate PrivateSector Wages
2011
32.23%
14.90%
2010
32.64%
14.91%
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
As of year-end 2011, 29.95 percent of all private-sector jobs were in traditional low-wage
industries—defined as the bottom
Annual Average
four sectors ranked from highest
Wages
Wages
average wage paid to the lowest
2011
2010
average wage paid—compared to
Data Source: New York State Department of
labor, QCEW series; author calculations
29.80 percent of all private-sector
Private Sector
$47,345
$46,107
jobs in 2010. Year over year, the
Public Sector
$54,742
$53,912
number of jobs in the bottom four
High-Wage Industries
$95,220
$92,269
Low-Wage industries
$23,546
$23,076
increased 1.29 percent from 26,224
in 2010 to 26,563 in 2011. The job count advanced in the other services sector (2.57 percent), the
retail trade sector (1.38 percent) and accommodation and food services sector (1.56 percent).
Employment in the arts, entertainment and recreation sector fell (2.52 percent).The average
annual wage in the low-wage industries at $23,546 was 49.73 percent of the average annual
private-sector wage ($47,345) and, as noted above, was one fourth the average annual wage paid
in the high-wage industries.
1
2
The mining sector moved from the fourth highest-paying job in 2010 to the third highest-paying job in 2011
The management of companies and enterprises sector moved from the third highest-paying job in 2010 to the fourth highest-paying job in 2011
7
Orange County
2010-2011
In the year 2011, Orange County accounted for 15.02 percent of all jobs in the Hudson Valley
and 1.54 percent of all jobs in New York State. Year over year, the total job count increased—
from 128,344 to 129,766—while the average annual (all-industry) wage increased from $40,260
to $40,939. Overall, the average annual private-sector wage at $36,842 was 70.14 percent of the
average annual private-sector wage in the Hudson Valley ($52,530), 58.41 percent of the average
annual private-sector wage in New York State ($63,077) and 64.88 percent of the annual publicsector wage ($56,787).
The private sector accounted for 79.46 percent (103,111) of all jobs in 2011 and was
dominated by three super-sectors: trade, transportation and utilities; education and health
services; and professional and business services. Collectively these three super-sectors
accounted for 65.99 percent (68,039) of all private-sector jobs in 2011 compared to 65.87 percent
(66,409) of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of jobs increased in the
professional and business services sector (5.54 percent) and the trade, transportation and
utilities sector (3.34 percent) and fell in the education and health services sector (0.44 percent).
The average annual wage ranged from a high of $44,323 in the professional and business services
sector to a low of $33,833 in the trade, transportation and utilities sector.
Average Annual
Employment
Trade, Transportation and
Utilities
Education and Health Services
Professional and Business
Services
Percent of
Private-Sector
Employment
Percent of
Private-Sector
Wages
Average Annual
Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
2010
2010
35,332
34,191
34.27%
33.92%
31.47%
31.85%
$33,833
$33,948
21,567
21,663
20.92%
21.49%
23.76%
23.04%
$41,857
$38,754
11,140
10,555
10.80%
10.47%
13.00%
12.87%
$44,323
$44,425
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
The public sector accounted for 20.54 percent of all jobs in 2011, down from 21.45 percent in
2010. Year over year, the total job count fell from 27,531 to 26,655 as the average annual wage
advanced 2.65 percent from $55,321 to $56,787.
In the year 2011, 6.10 percent of all private-sector jobs were in high-wage industries— defined
as the top four sectors ranked from the highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
paid—compared to 6.16 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of
jobs in the high-wage industries increased 1.29 percent from 6,211 to 6,291. The job count
decreased in the utilities sector (4.76 percent) and the professional and technical services sector
(0.51 percent) but increased in both mining (1.75 percent) and the management of companies
8
and enterprises sector (21.22 percent)3. The average annual wage—in high-wage industries—
was $63,931: 1.7 times the average annual private-sector wage ($36,842) and 2.8 times greater
than the average annual wage paid in the low-wage industries ($22,820).
Percent of Total Employment
High-Wage Industries
Low-Wage Industries
Percent of Aggregate PrivateSector Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
6.10%
6.16%
10.59%
10.61%
32.87%
32.02%
20.36%
20.12%
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
As of year-end 2011, 32.87 percent of all private-sector jobs were in low-wage industries—
defined as the bottom four sectors
Average Annual
Wages
ranked from highest average wage paid
Wages
to the lowest average wage paid—
Data Source: New York State
2011
2010
compared to 32.02 percent of all private- Department of Labor, QCEW series;
author calculations
sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the
Private Sector
$36,842
$36,148
number of low-wage jobs increased 4.97
Public Sector
$56,787
$55,321
percent from 32,284 in 2010 to 33,890 in
High-Wage Industries
$63,931
$62,255
Low-Wage industries
$22,820
$22,710
2011. The job count advanced in all the
4
four sectors—the retail trade sector (4.53 percent), the unclassified sector (21.23 percent) , the
arts, entertainment and recreation sector (5.43 percent) and the accommodation and food
services sector (5.47 percent). The average annual wage in the low-wage industries was $22,820,
which was 61.94 percent of the average annual private-sector wage ($47,345) and, as noted
above, 2.8 times smaller (35.69 percent of) than the average annual wage in high-wage
industries.
3
4
The job count increased from 622 in 2010 to 754 in 2011
The job count increased from 292 in 2010 to 354 in 2011
9
Putnam County
2010-2011
In the year 2011, Putnam County accounted for 2.85 percent of all jobs in the Hudson Valley and
0.29 percent of all jobs in New York State. Year over year, the total job count increased—from
24,617 to 24,623—while the average annual (all-industry) wage increased—from $46,785 to
47,723. Overall, the average annual private-sector wage at $43,696 was 83.18 percent of the
average annual private-sector wage in the Hudson Valley ($52,530), 69.27 percent of the average
annual private-sector wage in New York State ($63,077) and 66.50 percent of the average annual
public-sector wage ($65,708)
The private sector accounted for 81.70 percent (20,118) of all jobs in 2011 and was dominated
by three super-sectors: education and health services; trade, transportation and utilities; and
professional and business services. Collectively these three industry groups accounted for 57.81
percent (11,630) of all private-sector jobs in 2011, up from 57.08 percent (11,370) of all privatesector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the job count advanced 4.32 percent in the trade,
transportation and utilities sector and 6.16 percent in the professional and business services
sector and fell .90 percent in the education and health services sector. The average annual wage
ranged from a high of $50,679 in the education and health services sector to a low of $35,600 in
the trade, transportation and utilities sector.
10
Average
Annual
Employment
Percent of
Private-Sector
Employment
Percent of
Average Annual
Private-Sector
Wages
Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
Education and Health Services
5,184
5,231
25.77%
26.26%
29.89%
28.93%
$50,679
$47,281
Trade, Transportation and Utilities
4,033
3,866
20.05%
19.41%
16.33%
16.35%
$35,600
$36,156
Professional and Business Services
2,413
2,273
11.99%
11.41%
12.21%
12.00%
$44,467
$45,128
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
The public sector accounted for 18.30 percent of all jobs in 2011, down from 19.08 percent in
2010. Year over year, the public-sector job count fell from 4,696 in 2010 to 4,505 in 2011 while the
average annual wage advanced 3.95 percent from $63,211 to $65,708.
In the year 2011, 11.82 percent of all private-sector jobs were in high-wage industries—defined
as the top four sectors ranked from the highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
paid—compared to 11.56 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of
high-wage jobs increased 3.21 percent from 2,303 to 2,377. The job count increased in the
information sector (3.68 percent), the management of companies and enterprises sector (20.83
percent)5 and the professional and technical services sector (6.33
5
The job count increased from 24 in 2010 to 29 in 2011.
percent). Employment fell 2.77 percent in the finance and insurance sector. The average annual
wage paid in the high-wage industries was $64,105: one and one half times (1.47) the average
annual private-sector wage ($43,696) and more than double (2.57) the average annual wage paid
in the low-wage industries ($24,942).
Percent of Total Employment
High-Wage Industries
Low-Wage Industries
2011
11.82%
31.44%
2010
11.56%
30.68%
Percent of Aggregate PrivateSector Wages
2011
2010
17.33%
16.84%
17.95%
18.03%
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
As of year-end 2011, 31.44 percent of all private-sector jobs were in low-wage industries—
defined as the bottom four sectors ranked from highest average wage paid to the lowest average
wage paid—compared to 30.68
Average Annual
percent in 2010. Year over year, the Wages
Wages
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor,
number of low-wage jobs
QCEW Series; author calculations
2011
2010
increased 3.48 percent from 6,112
Private Sector
$43,696 $42,913
to 6,325. The job count advanced
Public Sector
$65,708 $63,211
in the administrative and waste
High-Wage Industries
$64,105 $62,498
Low-Wage industries
$24,942 $25,217
services sector (5.68 percent), the
retail trade sector (4.00) and the arts, entertainment, and recreation sector (6.51). The job count
in the accommodation and food services sector posted a slight decline (0.46 percent). The
average annual wage in the low-wage industries was$24,942: 57.08 percent of the average
annual private-sector wage ($43,696) and, as noted above, less than half (38.91 percent) of the
average annual wage paid in the high-wage industries.
11
Rockland County
2010-2011
In the year 2011, Rockland County accounted for 13.17 percent of all jobs in the Hudson Valley
and 1.35 percent of all jobs in New York State. Year over year, the job count increased (1.61
percent) from 111,993 in 2010 to 113,799 in 2011 while the average annual (all-industry) wage
increased 1.68 percent from $50,529 to $51,376. Overall, the average annual private-sector wage
at $49,785 was 94.77 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in the Hudson Valley
($52,530), 78.93 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in New York State ($63,077)
and 85.06 percent of the average annual public-sector wage ($58,526).
The private sector accounted for 81.80 percent (93,089) of all jobs in 2011 and was
dominated by three super-sectors: education and health services; trade, transportation and
utilities; and professional and business services. Collectively these three industry groups
accounted for 61.16 percent (56,931) of all private-sector jobs in 2011, up from 60.74 percent
(55,037) of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of jobs increased in the
education and health services sector (3.43 percent), the trade, transportation and utilities sector
(4.23 percent) and the professional and business services sector (1.93 percent). The average
annual wage ranged from a high of $56,426 in the professional and business services sector to a
low of $41,294 in the education and health services sector.
12
Average Annual
Employment
Education and Health
Services
Trade, Transportation and
utilities
Professional and Business
Services
Percent of
Private-Sector
Employment
Percent of
Private-Sector
Wages
Average Annual
Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
23,146
22,379
24.86%
24.70%
20.62%
20.69%
$41,294
$41,066
22,494
21,581
24.16%
23.82%
21.63%
20.10%
$44,559
$41,359
11,291
11,077
12.13%
12.23%
13.75%
14.36%
$56,426
$57,581
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
The public sector accounted for 18.20 percent of all jobs in 2011, down from 19.10 percent in
2010. Year over year, the job count fell from 21,386 in 2010 to 20,710 in 2011 while the average
annual wage advanced 2.77 percent from $56,950 to $58,526.
In the year 2011, 12.60 percent of all private-sector jobs were in high-wage industries—defined
as the top four sectors ranked from the highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
paid—compared to 13.42 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of
high-wage jobs declined 3.52 percent from 12,157 in 2010 to 11,729 in 2011. The job count
increased in the utilities sector (4.24 percent)6, the management of companies and enterprises
6
The utilities sector moved from the second highest-paying job to the top highest paying job in 2011
sector (0.42 percent)7 and the mining sector (1.23 percent) and fell (4.88 percent) in the
manufacturing sector. The average annual wage paid in the high-wage industries was $86,798:
1.73 times greater than the average private-sector wage ($49,785) and more than triple (3.16) the
average annual wage paid in the low-wage industries ($27,450).
Percent of Total
Employment
High-Wage Industries
Low-Wage Industries
Percent of Aggregate PrivateSector Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
12.60%
13.42%
21.97%
23.04%
25.96%
25.60%
14.31%
14.17%
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
As of year-end 2011, 25.96 percent of all private-sector jobs were in low-wage industries8—
defined as the bottom four sectors ranked from highest average wage paid to the lowest average
wage paid—compared to 25.60 percent in 2010. Year over year, the number of low-wage jobs
increased 4.20 percent from 23,195
Wages
Average Annual
in 2010 to 24,166 in 2011. The job
Wages
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor
QCEW
series;
author
calculations
count advanced in all four sectors,
2011
2010
Private Sector
$49,785 $49,014
rising (8.74 percent) in the arts,
Public Sector
$58,526 $56,950
entertainment and recreation
High-Wage Industries
$86,798 $84,152
sector, (4.43 percent) in the retail
Low-Wage industries
$27,450 $27,124
trade sector, (4.72 percent) in the
other services sector and less than one percent (.73 percent) in the education services sector. The
average annual wage in the bottom four sectors at $27,450 was 55.14 percent of the average
annual private-sector wage ($49,785) and, as noted above, was one third (31.16 percent) of the
average annual wage paid in high-wage industries
7
8
The management of companies and enterprises sector moved down from the top highest-paying job to the second highest-paying job in 2011
For year-over-year consistency education services was included in the bottom, unclassified was excluded
13
Sullivan County
2010-2011
In the year 2011 Sullivan County accounted for 2.88 percent of the total job count in the
Hudson Valley and 0.29 percent of all jobs in New York State. Year over year, the total job count
decreased—from 25,088 in 2010 to 24,880 in 2011—while the average annual (all-industry)
wage posted a slight increase, rising from $35,596 to $35,914. Overall, the average annual
private-sector wage at $31,637 was 60.23 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in
the Hudson Valley ($52,530), 50.16 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in New
York State ($63,077) and 63.54 percent of the average annual public-sector wage ($49,791).
The private sector accounted for 76.44 percent (19,019) of all jobs in 2011 and was dominated
by three super-sectors: education and health services; trade, transportation and utilities; and
leisure and hospitality. Collectively these three industry groups accounted for 65.51 percent
(12,459) of the all private-sector jobs in 2011, an increase from 65.60 percent (12,365) in 2010.
Year over year, the job count increased in the education and health services sector (3.65
percent) and decreased in both the trade, transportation and utilities sector (1.96 percent) and
the leisure and hospitality sector (1.05 percent). The average annual wage ranged from a high of
$35,727 in the education and health services sector to a low of $19,787 in the leisure and
hospitality sector.
Average Annual
Employment
Education and Health
Services
Trade, Transportation and
Utilities
Leisure and Hospitality
Percent of
Private-Sector
Employment
Percent of
Private-Sector
Wages
Average Annual
Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
5,770
5,567
30.34%
29.49%
34.26%
33.73%
$35,727
$35,816
4,061
4,142
21.35%
21.94%
18.97%
19.57%
$28,114
$27,929
2,628
2,656
13.82%
14.07%
8.64%
8.77%
$19,787
$19,509
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
The public sector accounted for 23.56 percent of all jobs in 2011, down from 24.75 percent in
2010. Year over year, the job count fell (5.60 percent) from 6,209 to 5,861 in 2011 while the
average annual wage advanced 2.37 percent from $48,640 to $49,791.
In the year 2011, 7.94 percent of all
private-sector jobs were in highwage industries—defined as the
top four sectors ranked from the
highest average wage paid to the
lowest average wage paid—
compared to 7.02 percent of all
private-sector jobs in 2010. Year
over year, the number of jobs in the
Wages
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor
QCEW Series; author calculations
Private Sector
Public Sector
High-Wage Industries
Low-Wage industries
Average Annual
Wages
2011
$31,637
$49,791
$53,886
$19,514
2010
$31,307
$48,640
$61,259
$20,760
14
top four increased 13.95 percent from 1,326 in 2010 to 1,511 in 2011. The job count increased in the
information sector (2.91 percent)9 and decreased in the finance and insurance sector (2.32
percent), the mining sector (2.11 percent)10 and the wholesale trade sector (4.91 percent)11. The
average annual wage paid in high-wage sectors was $53,886: 170.33 percent of the average annual
private-sector wage ($31,637) and almost triple (2.76) the average annual wage paid in the lowwage industries (19,514).
In the year 2011, 21.07 percent of all private-sector jobs were in low-wage industries—defined
as the bottom four sectors ranked from highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
Percent of Total Employment Percent of Aggregate Private-Sector Wages
2011
2010
2011
2010
High-Wage Industries
7.94%
7.02%
13.53%
12.28%
Low-Wage Industries
21.07%
21.43%
12.99%
13.00%
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
paid—compared to 21.43 percent in 2010. Year over year, the number of jobs in the bottom four
decreased 0.94 percent from 4,045 in 2010 to 4,007 in 2011. The job count increased in the other
services sector (0.65 percent) and the educational services sector (1.23 percent) and decreased in
the real estate, rental and leasing sector (4.42 percent) and the accommodation and food
services sector (1.51 percent). The average annual wage in the bottom four sectors was at $19,514
which was 61.68 percent of the average annual private-sector wage ($31,637) and, as noted
above, was slightly more than one third (36.21 percent) of the average annual wage in the top
four.
The information sector moved down from the second highest-paying job in 2010 to the fourth highest-paying job in 2011
The mining sector increased from the third highest-paying job in 2010 to the second highest-paying job in 2011
11
The wholesale trade sector moved from the fifth highest-paying job in 2010 to the third highest-paying job in 2011
9
10
15
Ulster County
2010-2011
In the year 2011, Ulster County accounted for 6.64 percent of all jobs in the Hudson Valley and
0.68 percent of all jobs in New York State. Year over year, the job count decreased from 58,171 in
2010 to 57,330 in 2011 while the average annual (all-industry) wage increased from $37,047 to
$37,739. Overall, the average annual private-sector wage at $33,062 was 62.94 percent of the
average annual private-sector wage in the Hudson Valley ($52,530), 52.42 percent of the average
annual private-sector wage in New York State ($63,077) and 62.77 percent of the average annual
public-sector wage ($52,668).
The private sector accounted for 76.14 percent (43,653) of all jobs in 2011 and was
dominated by three super-sectors: trade, transportation and utilities; education and health
services; and leisure and hospitality. Collectively these three super-sectors accounted for 63.62
percent (27,774) of all private-sector jobs in 2011, up from 63.48 percent (27,980) of all privatesector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of jobs increased in the leisure and hospitality
sector (1.37 percent) and decreased in both the education and health services sector (0.59
Average Annual
Employment
Percent of
Private-Sector
Employment
Percent of
Private-Sector
Wages
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
2011
2010
11,366
11,607
26.04%
26.33%
22.88%
23.58%
$29,058
$28,960
9,622
6,786
9,679
6,694
22.04%
15.55%
21.96%
15.19%
23.56%
8.40%
23.44%
8.07
$35,338
$17,855
$34,527
$17,184
2011
Trade, Transportation and
Utilities
Education and Health
Services
Leisure and Hospitality
Average Annual
Wages
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
percent) and in the trade, transportation and utilities sector (2.08 percent). The average annual
wage ranged from a high of $35,338 in the education and health services sector to a low of
$17,855 in the leisure and hospitality sector.
The public sector accounted for
23.86 percent of all jobs in 2011,
down from 24.23 percent in 2010.
Year over year, the job count fell
from 14,093 in 2010 to 13,677 in
2011 while the average annual
wage advanced 1.74 percent from
$51,767 to $52,668.
Wages
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor,
QCEW series; author calculations
Private Sector
Public Sector
High-Wage Industries
Low-Wage industries
Average
Annual Wages
2011
$33,062
$52,668
$49,635
$22,721
2010
$32,341
$51,767
$49,296
$19,346
As of year-end 2011, 7.50 percent of all private-sector jobs were in high-wage industries—
defined as the top four sectors ranked from the highest average wage paid to the lowest average
wage paid—compared to 7.63 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the
16
number of jobs in the top four sectors declined 2.62 percent from 3,362 in 2010 to 3,274 in 2011.
The job count advanced in the management of companies and enterprises sector12 (63.44
percent) and the wholesale trade sector (2.35 percent) and decreased in both the mining sector13
(14.74 percent), and the finance and insurance sector (13.55 percent). The average annual wage
in the high-wage industries was $49,635: one and one half times the average annual privatesector wage ($33,062) and more than double (2.18) the average annual wage paid in the lowwage industries ($22,721).
High-Wage Industries
Percent of Total
Employment
2011
2010
7.50%
7.63%
Low-Wage Industries
37.20%
Percent of Aggregate PrivateSector Wages
2011
2010
11.26%
11.63%
NC*
25.57%
NC*
NC: Not Comparable
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
In the year 201114, 37.20 percent of all private-sector jobs were in low-wage industries—defined
as the bottom four sectors ranked from highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
paid. The low-wage industries included the retail trade sector15, the educational services
sector16, the arts, entertainment and recreation sector and the accommodation and food services
sector. Year over year, the job count advanced (3.49 percent) in the educational services sector
and (2.36 percent) in the accommodation and food services sector and declined in both the retail
trade sector (-2.37 percent) and the arts, entertainment and recreation sector (-6.23 percent).
The average annual wage in the bottom four sectors was at $22,721 which was 68.72 percent of
the average annual private-sector wage and, as noted above, less than one half (45.78 percent) of
the average annual wage in the high-wage industries.
12
The management of companies and enterprises rose from the second highest-paying job in 2010 to highest-paying job in 2011
The mining sector rose from the fifth highest-paying job in 2010 to the second highest-paying job in 2011
14
Because of a significant shift in the industries that fell into the bottom four, a year-over-year comparison is not meaningful
15
Retail trade sector moved down from the fifth lowest-paying job in 2010 to the fourth lowest-paying job in 2011
16
The educational services sector moved from the fourth lowest-paying job in 2010 to the third lowest-paying job in 2011
13
17
Westchester County
2010-2011
In the year 2011, Westchester County accounted for 46.68 percent of all jobs in the Hudson
Valley and 4.78 percent of all jobs in New York State. Year over year, the total job count
increased—from 398,919 in 2010 to 403,237 in 2011—while the average annual (all-industry)
wage increased from $63,881 to $64,535. Overall, the average annual private-sector wage at
$63,515 was 120.91 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in the Hudson Valley
($52,530), 100.69 percent of the average annual private-sector wage in New York State ($63,077)
and 90.43 percent of the average annual public-sector wage ($70,240).
The private sector accounted for 84.83 percent (342,085) of all jobs in 2011 and was
dominated by three super-sectors: education and health services; trade, transportation and
utilities; and professional and business services. Collectively these three industry groups
accounted for 62.02 percent (212,160) of all private-sector jobs in 2011, down from 62.12 percent
(208,356). Year over year, the job count increased in the education and health services sector
(0.96 percent), trade, transportation and utilities sector (2.10 percent) and the professional and
business services sector (2.77 percent). The average annual wage ranged from a high of $98,513 in
the professional and business services sector to a low of $47,862 in the trade, transportation and
utilities sector.
Average Annual
Employment
2011
Education and Health
Services
Trade, Transportation
and Utilities
Professional and
Business Services
2010
Percent of
Private-Sector
Employment
2011
2010
Percent of
Private- Sector
Wages
2011
2010
Average Annual
Wages
2011
2010
81,866
81,091
23.93%
24.18%
18.97%
18.91%
$50,346
$49,192
75,799
74,239
22.16%
22.13%
16.70%
16.70%
$47,862
$47,464
54,495
53,026
15.93%
15.81%
24.71%
24.29%
$98,513
$96,635
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor, QCEW Series; author calculations
The public sector accounted for 15.17 percent of all jobs in 2011, down from 15.92 percent in
2010. Year over year, the public-sector job count fell from 63,497 to 61,152 while the average
annual wage advanced 1.64 percent from 69,107 to $70,240.
As of year-end 2011, 13.17 percent of all private-sector jobs were in high-wage industries—
defined as the top four sectors ranked from the highest average wage paid to the lowest average
wage paid—compared to 13.43 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the
number of jobs in the top four increased by two, rising from 45,047 in 2010 to 45,049 in 2011.
The job count increased in the management of companies and enterprises sector (3.15 percent)
and the finance and insurance sector (3.71 percent) and fell in both the utilities sector (5.95
18
percent) and the manufacturing sector (5.19 percent). The average annual wage in the top four
sectors was $142,714: over two times as great (2.25) as the average annual privatesector wage ($63,515) and almost five times larger (4.72) than the average annual wage paid in
the low-wage industries ($30,256).
High-Wage Industries
Low-Wage Industries
Percent of Total
Employment
2011
2010
13.17%
13.43%
30.10%
29.59%
Percent of Aggregate
Private-Sector Wages
2011
2010
29.59%
30.44%
14.34%
14.02%
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor ,QCEW Series; author calculations
In the year 2011, 30.10 percent of all private-sector jobs were in low-wage industries—defined
as the bottom four sectors ranked from highest average wage paid to the lowest average wage
paid—compared to 29.59 percent of all private-sector jobs in 2010. Year over year, the number of
jobs in the bottom four sectors
Average Annual
Wages
Wages
increased 3.73 percent from 99,266
in 2010 to 102,964 in 2011. The job
Data Source: New York State Department of Labor
2011
2010
count increased in all four
QCEW Series; author calculations
sectors—the other services sector
Private Sector
$63,515 $62,892
Public Sector
$70,240 $69,107
(2.59 percent), the arts,
High-Wage Industries
$142,714 $142,561
entertainment and recreation
Low-Wage industries
$30,256 $29,803
sector (1.60 percent), the retail
trade sector (2.35 percent) and the accommodation and food services sector (8.05 percent). The
average annual wage in the bottom four sectors was $30,256: less than one half (47.64 percent)
of the average annual private-sector wage ($63,515) and, as noted above, one fifth (21.20 percent)
of the average annual wage in the high-wage industries.
19