LIB 013
J«§Wmb` Am{U _m{hVremñÌ … KQ>Zm, KS>m_moS>r, ^mî`
kmZJ§JmoÌr
df© 15 do
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 - _o 2015
A§H$ 3 d 4
ISSN 2231-6507
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kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 2
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 3
gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§gmR>r
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kumbharrajendra@yahoo.co.in
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kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 6
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 7
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kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 9
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am__mohZ am°` J«§Wmb` à{Vð>mZMr ^y{_H$m
àm. lr_Vr H$ënZm em_amd gmoZdUo
J«W§ nmb, ^{JZr _§S>i MmonS>m g§M{bV g_mOH$m`© _hm{dÚmb`
MmonS>m, {O. OiJmd
Email : kalpanasonawane73@rediffmail.com
àm. àXrn Vwieram_ nmQ>rb
J«W§ nmb, A. `w. H$. Ho$ g§M{bV _{hbm _hm{dÚmb`, Xodnya, Ywio
Email : ptpatil66@rediffmail.com
J«W§ Am{U J«W§ mb`m§Zr Jobr AZoH$ df} OZOmJ¥VrMo, kmZ
dmQ>nmMo H$m`© Ho$bo Amho. amï´>gK§ mZo (UNO) gmd©O{ZH$ J«W§ mb`m§Zm
Xwgè`m emioMr Cn_m {Xbr Amho. `mVyZ bmoH${ejU ìhmdo Aer
Anojm Ë`m§Zr ì`º$ Ho$br Amho, gmd©O{ZH$ J«W§ mb`mZo ~{h…embm
{ejU H$amdo d bmoH$m§Zm OrdZ {ejU Úmdo Ago _mZbo Amho.
eoVH$ar, H$amJra, N>mQo >-o _moR>o ì`mdgm{`H$ `m§Zm Ë`m§À`m joÌmVrb
kmZ JmdmVrb gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Zr J«§WmÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ Úmdo
Aer H$ënZm Amho. `mVyZ AZm¡nMm[aH$ nÕVrMo {ejU {Xbo OmVo.
`mgmR>r gmd©O{ZH$ J«W§ mb` ho bmoH${dÚmnrR> g_Obo Jobo Amho.
VoWo Y_©{Zanoj, qbJ{Zanoj, gdmªZm g_mZ nÕVrZo àdoe d _mo\$V
gw{dYm H$ê$Z {Xë`m OmVmV. H|$Ð emgZmMr amOm am__mohZ am°`
J«W§ mb` à{Vð>mZ hr g§ñWm Aem gmd©O{ZH$ J«W§ mb`m§Zm B_maV,
\${Z©Ma, gmYZgm_J«r CnbãY H$ê$Z XoU,o {deof {XZ gmOam H$aUo
B. H$maUmgmR>r àñVmd nmhÿZ Img _XV H$arV AgVo, {edm`
J«W§ hr {dZm_yë` XoV AgVo.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 12
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 13
àñVmdZm
Amnë`m ^maV Xoembm àmMrZ H$mimnmgyZ g_¥Õ kmZmMm d g§ñH¥$VrMm g§nÞ
dmagm bm^bobm Amho. ^maVmV A`moÜ`m, H$mer, H$m§Mr, C§XZnwar, JwUerbm,
Vj{ebm, Zmb§Xm Aer àmMrZ {dÚmnrR>o ApñVËdmV hmoVr. VoWo qhXy, O¡Z, ~m¡Õ
Aem {d{dY Y_m©Mm`mªÀ`m hñV{b{IVm§Mo ^m§S>ma hmoVo. VemM àH$maMr J«§Wg§nXm
AmOhr gwédmVrÀ`m H$mimVrb gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Zr OnyZ R>odbr Amho. AmO
_hmamï´>mV J«§Wmb`m§Mr dmQ>Mmb Omo_mZo gwê$ AgyZ ehamnmgyZ J«m_rU ^mJmn`©V
gd©Ì gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`o gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Ambr AmhoV. gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`o ho dñVwV…
kmZ {dVaUmMo EH$ loð> _mÜ`_ AgyZ dmMZmMm AmZ§X {_idyZ XoUmao EH$ gm§ñH¥${VH$
H|$Ðhr Amho. Zì`m H$ënZm, Zdo {dMma `m§À`m àMmamMo Vo H$m`© H$arV AgVo. Ë`m`moJo
OZVobm Amnë`m _moH$ù`m doiM
o m gXwn`moJ H$aÊ`mMr g§Yr {_iVo. gmd©O{ZH$ J«W§ mb`
Amnë`m ~m¡{ÕH$ OrdZmÀ`m H$jm {dñVm[aV H$aVo. Amnë`m OrdZmV A§V©~mø ~Xb
H$ê$Z Amnë`mV loð> ZmJ[aH$ËdmMr nmÌVm {Z_m©U H$aÊ`mMr eº$s gmd©O{ZH$ J«W§ mb`mV
Amho. gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`o OZVoZo OZVogmR>r H$mT>bobr gmd©O{ZH$ {Za§Va {ejUmMr,
ñd`§-{ejUmMr H|$Ðo hmoUo Amdí`H$ Amho. g_mOmVrb gd© ñVam§Vrb ~mb, d¥Õm§Zm
AmH${f©V H$aUmar, Ë`m§Zm dmMZmMr AmdS> bmdUmar d Vr dmT>{dUmar Aer ìhmd`mg
nm{hOoV. gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`mÀ`m H$m`m©Mm n[aUm_ g_mOmVrb Am{W©H$, gm_m{OH$,
Am¡Úmo{JH$, amOH$s` Aem {d{^Þ ñVam§da OmUdVmo. gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`mÛmao dmMH$
gwg§ñH¥$V Pmë`mg gd© g_mO gwg§ñH¥$V hmoÊ`mg _XV hmoVo.
g_mOmVë`m gm_mÝ`mVë`m gm_mÝ` _mUgmMr dmMZmMr ^yH$ ^mJ{dUmar Am{U
Ë`m§Mr ^yH$ dmT>{dUmar gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`o g_mOmMr _moR>r godm H$arV AgVmV.
gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`mÀ`m ì`dñWmnZmbm dJ©Ur, XoUJr, {H$aH$moi O_m hmoUmè`m
aH$_oVZy J«W§ mb`o Mmb{dUo H$R>rU OmVo. dmMH$m§À`m dmT>Ë`m JaOm, J«W§ , {Z`VH$m{bHo$,
\${Z©Ma, OmJm^mS>o, {dÚwVnwadR>m B. À`m dmT>Ë`m {H$_Vr_wio J«§Wmb`o emgZmÀ`m
AZwXmZmda Adb§~Zy AgVmV. J«W§ mb` Midirbm nwago o AW©gmhmæ` CnbãY Pmbo
Zmhr Va {ejUnÕVr d qH$~hþZm g_mOOrdZmda {dnarV n[aUm_ hmoVmo. `m Jmoï>rMm
{dMma H$aVm amOm am__mohZ am°` J«W§ mb` à{Vð>mZZo J«W§ mb` {dH$mgmÀ`m d J«W§ mb`
godVo gwYmaUm ìhmdr åhUyZ {d{dY `moOZm H$m`m©pÝdV Ho$boë`m AmhoV.
amOm am__mohZ am°` J«W
§ mb` à{Vð>mZMr ñWmnZm
^maVmMo {eënH$ma d gm_m{OH$ gwYmaUoMo àoaH$, _mJ©Xe©H$ amOm am__mohZ am°` `m§À`m
{ÛeVmãXr dfm©{Z{_Îm Xoe^a gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Mo Omio ngadyZ Aem J«§Wmb`m§Zm
_XV d CÎmoOZ XoD$Z XoemVrb A{VXwJ©_ ^mJmn`ªV dmMZmgmR>r J«§W nwadyZ dmMZmMr
A{^éMr {Z_m©U H$aÊ`mgmR>r à{Vð>mZMr ñWmnZm H$aÊ`mMo R>abo. Ë`mZwgma ^maV
gaH$maÀ`m {ejU d g_mOH$ë`mU _§Ìmb` H$joV Agboë`m gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m`©
{d^mJmÛmao 20 _o 1072 amoOr npíM_ ~§Jmb g§ñWm Zm|XUr A{Y{Z`_ 1961 A§VJ©V
H$mobH$Vm `oWo RRRLF Mr ñWmnZm Pmbr.
amOm am__mohZ am°` J«W
§ mb` à{Vð>mZMr C{Ôï>o
1) XoemVrb gmd©O{ZH$ J«W§ mb`m§Zm Am{W©H$ d Vm§{ÌH$ gmhmæ` H$aUo.
2) J«W§ mb` Midirbm àmoËgmhZ XoU.o
3) amï´>r` J«§Wmb` YmoaU V`ma H$aUo.
4) Am§Va XodKod nÕVrZo EH$mpË_H$ J«§Wmb` godoÛmao amï´>r` J«§Wmb` nÕVr
C^maÊ`mgmR>r ghH$m`© H$aUo.
5) XoemVrb J«§Wmb` {dH$mgmÀ`m gd© Ñï>rZo emgZmg g„m XoUo.
6) XoemVrb àË`oH$ amÁ`mV J«§Wmb` H$m`Xm bmJy H$aÊ`mg§X^m©V à`ËZ H$aUo.
7) amï´>r` g§`wº$ Vm{bH$m V`ma H$aUo. (Union Catalogue)
8) ^maV gaH$mabm XoemVrb J«W§ mb` {dH$mgmg Amdí`H$ Agboë`m gd© ~m~t{df`r
_mJ©Xe©Z H$aUo.
9) J«§Wmb` {dH$mgmV H$m`© H$aUmè`m amï´>r`, amÁ` Am{U {d^mJr` nmVirdarb
g§ñWm§Zm AW©gmhmæ` H$aUo.
10) J«§Wmb`mg§X^m©Vrb g§emoYZmg àmoËgmhZ XoUo.
11) gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Zm Am{W©H$ d J«§Wê$nr _XV H$aUo.
12) J«§Wmb`mVrb H$_©Mmè`m§Zm à{ejU, H$m`©emim, n[ag§dmX, go{_Zma `mg§X^m©V
Am{W©H$ _XV H$aUo.
amOm am__mohZ am°` J«§Wmb` à{Vð>mZÀ`m AW©gmhmæ`mÀ`m `moOZm
XoemVrb gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`o g_¥Õ ìhmdrV åhUyZ à{Vð>mZ Á`m H$mhr
AW©gmhmæ`mÀ`m `moOZm am~{dVo, Ë`m XmoZ àH$maÀ`m AmhoV.
A) g_Vwë` gmhmæ` `moOZm (Matching Scheme)
Am) Ag_Vwë` gmhmæ` `moOZm (Non-Matching Scheme)
ñdmV§Í`mMo am¡ß` _hmoËgdr df©, Am§Vaamï´>r` J«§W _hmoËgdr df© d AmYw{ZH$
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 14
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 15
g_Vwë` gmhmæ` `moOZm
(4) J«W
§ R>do Ê`mgmR>r H$nmQ> d a°H$ IaoXrgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
g_Vwë` AW©gmhmæ` `moOZm åhUOo emgZmMm OoT>m {ZYr VodT>mM {hñgm
à{Vð>mZMm {_iyZ Matching Fund V`ma hmoVmo. g_Vwë` AW©gmhmæ` `moOZoMo gyÌ
H$Zm©Q>H$, _hmamï´>, n. ~§Jmb, `m§gma»`m {dH${gV amÁ`mgmR>r 50…50, CÎma nyd©
amÁ` gmoSy>Z BVa _mJmg amÁ`m§gmR>r 60…40, CÎma nyd© amÁ`m§gmR>r 90…10. `mV
à{Vð>mZMm {hñgm 90% Va amÁ`mÀ`m {hñgm \$º$ 10% BVH$m hmo`.
`m `moOZoA§VJ©V à{Vð>mZH$Sy>Z J«§W R>odÊ`mgmR>r H$nmQ>o d a°H$, dm°Q>a Hw$ba,
n§Im, \${Z©Ma d Q>m`qnJ _erZ, dmMZH$j \${Z©Ma, H$mS>© H°${~ZoQ>, OZaoQ>a IaoXr
H$aÊ`mgmR>r àË`oH$ gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`mbm é. 50,000/- EdT>m {ZYr Xadfm©gmR>r
àmá hmoVmo. hr `moOZm 1979-80 nmgyZ am~{dbr OmV Amho.
(1) n[ag§dmX, MMm©gÌo, H$m`©emim, à{ejU dJ© d J«W
§ n«Xe©Zo
Am`moOZmgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
amÁ`ñVar` n[ag§dmX, MMm©gÌo d H$m`©emim `m§À`m Am`moOZmgmR>r OmñVrV
OmñV é. 2 bmI AW©gmhmæ` à{Vð>mZH$Sy>Z àmá hmoVo Va H$_©Mmè`m§Zm à{ejU
XoÊ`mgmR>r, à{ejU dJ© am~{dÊ`mgmR>r d J«§WàXe©ZmgmR>r é. 1 bmI AW©gmhmæ`,
{OëhmñVar` à{ejUdJm©gmR>r, J«§WàXe©ZmgmR>r, n[ag§dmXmgmR>r é. 1 bmI
AW©gmhmæ` Va ZdrZ g§KQ>ZmgmR>r é. 20,000/- AW©gmhmæ` àmá hmoVo.
(2) J«§Wg§J«h, dmMZgm{hË` d ÑH²-lmì`gmYZo dmT>{dÊ`mgmR>r
AW©gmhmæ`
nwñVH$ gmhmæ`Vm `moOZoA§VJ©V gd© loUrÀ`m (A, ~, H$, S>) gmd©O{ZH$
J«§Wmb`m§Zm J«§Wg§J«h, dmMZgm{hË` d ÑH²$-lmì` gmYZo IaoXr H$aÊ`mgmR>r
dmMZgm{hË`mÀ`m ñdê$nmV à{Vð>mZH$Sy>Z _XV Ho$br OmVo. `mV gd© {Oëhm J«§Wmb`o,
VmbwH$m J«§Wmb`o, J«m_rU J«§Wmb`o, emgH$s` {d^mJr` J«§Wmb`o, ñd`§godr g§ñWm d
ñWm{ZH$ ñdamÁ` g§ñWm§gmR>r ñWmnZ Ho$bobr J«§Wmb`o `m§Zm à{Vð>mZH$Sy>Z J«§W ñdê$nmV
_XV hmoV AgVo.
(3) J«m_rU J«W
§ g§Jh« H|$Ð d {\$aVr J«W
§ mb` godm (Mobile Library)
dmT>{dÊ`mgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
J«m_rU d ehar bmoH$m§Zm dmMZmMm bm^ {_iÊ`mgmR>r J«§WgJ«hH|$Ð d {\$aVr
J«§Wmb` godm à{Vð>mZ_m\©$V gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Ambr. `m `moOZoA§VJ©V gm`H$b, [ajm,
nwñVHo$ gmR>{dÊ`mMr noQ>r, {neì`m, ÜdZr {dñVmaH$ `§Ì, _m`H«$mo\$moZ, BVa dmMZr`
d ÑH²$ gmYZo IaoXr H$aÊ`mgmR>r à{Vð>mZH$Sy>Z OmñVrV OmñV é. 5000/- Mm {ZYr
àmá hmoVmo.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 16
(5) gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Zm e¡j{UH$ CnH«$_mgmR>r {Q>.ìhr.,
pìh.S>r.Amo., g§JUH$ IaoXrgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Zm J«§W d {Z`VH$m{bHo$ `m~amo~aM J«§Wmb` godoV ÑH²$lmì` gmYZm§À`m gmhmæ`mZo {d{dYVm `mdr `mgmR>r `m `moOZoA§VJ©V 1 {Q>.ìhr.,
pìh.gr.nr. d 3 g§JUH$, 1 gìh©a, `wnrEg, 1 qàQ>a d gm°âQ>doAa, BË`mXr IaoXrgmR>r
{ZYr _§Oya Ho$bm OmVmo. hr `moOZm à{Vð>mZ_m\©$V gZ 1987-88 nmgyZ am~{dbr
OmVo.
(6) gmd©O{ZH$ J«W
§ mb`m§Zm B_maV ~m§YUr d {dñVmamgmR>r
AW©gmhmæ`
gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Zm ZdrZ J«§Wmb` B_maV C^maÊ`mgmR>r qH$dm dmnamV
Agboë`m J«§Wmb` B_maVrMm {dñVma H$aÊ`mgmR>r AW©gmhmæ` XoÊ`mV `oVo. hr `moOZm
1989-90 nmgyZ ñdrH$maÊ`mV Ambr. `m `moOZoA§VJ©V amÁ`ñVar` J«§Wmb`mgmR>r
ê$. 1 H$moQ>r (EH$mdoir) Va {d^mJr`, _§S>i, {Oëhm J«§Wmb`mgmR>r ê$ 50 bmI
(10 dfmªVyZ EH$Xm) Va Cn{d^mJr` VmbwH$m ZJa J«§Wmb`mgmR>r ê$. 50 bmI (10
dfmªVyZ EH$Xm) Va am{hboë`m J«§Wmb`m§gmR>r ê$. 10 bmI EdT>m {ZYr àmá hmoVmo.
· Ag_Vwë` gmhmæ` `moOZm
1) J«§Wmb` godm XoUmè`m ñd`§godr g§ñWm§Zm AW©gmhmæ`
2) ~mbJ«§Wmb`o d gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§À`m ~mb{d^mJm§Zm AW©gmhmæ` `moOZm.
3) J« § W mb`m§ M o 50/60/75/100/125/175 df© gmOao H$aÊ`mgmR> r
AW©gmhmæ`
4) Ho$Ч emgZmZo nwañH¥$V Ho$boë`m J«W§ mb`m§Zm AW©gmhmæ`
5) amï´>r` ñVamda MMm©gÌ, n[afXm§À`m Am`moOZmgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
6) H|$Ðr`/_Ü`dVu J«W§ {ZdS> nÕVrZo J«W§ mb`m§Zm nwago m J«W§ g§Jh« dmT>{dÊ`mgmR>r
AW©gmhmæ`
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 17
7)
8)
9)
Ama Ama Ama Eb E\$ {MëS>´>oZ H$m°Z©a ñWmnZ H$aÊ`mgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
emar[aH$ An§JËd Amboë`m dmMH$m§gmR>r AW©gmhmæ`.
CÎma nyd© amÁ`mVrb J«§Wmb`m§gmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
· J«W
§ mb` godm XoUmè`m ñd`§gdo r g§ñWmZm AW©gmhmæ`
hr EH$ Ag_Vyë` gmhmæ` `moOZm Amho. hr `moOZm gZ 1985-86 n`ªV
gm§ñH¥${VH$ {d^mJ, ^maV gaH$maÛmam am~{dbr OmV hmoVr. gZ 1986-87 nmgyZ
hr `moOZm à{Vð>mZ_m\©$V am~{dbr OmVo. `m `moOZoA§VJ©V 75 % AW©gmhmæ` à{Vð>mZ
_m\©$V 25% AW©gmhmæ` g§~{YV g§ñWobm H$amdo bmJVo. `m `moOZoMm CÔoe gmd©O{ZH$
J«§Wmb`m§À`m joÌmV nwñVHo$, \${Z©Ma, CnH$aUo, J«§Wmb`mgmR>r B_maV ~m§YUr d
{dñVmamgmR>rhr _XV Ho$br OmVo. à{Vð>mZ_m\©$V J«W§ IaoXr, \${Z©Ma, CnH$aUo d g§JUH$,
OZaoQ>a, Poam°Šg _{eZ, dm°Q>a Hw$ba B. gmR>r OmñVrV OmñV ê$ 3 bmI, 30 dfmªÀ`m
AmVrb J«§Wmb`m§gmR>r ê$. 6 bmI Va J«§Wmb` B_maV ~m§YUrgmR>r ê$. 10 bmImn`©V
_XV {_iVo.
~mbJ«§Wmb`o d gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`mÀ`m ~mb{d^mJm§Zm AW©gmhmæ` `moOZm
J«§Wmb`mÛmao _wbm§_Ü`o dmMZmMr AmdS> {dH${gV H$aÊ`mgmR>r hr `moOZm gwê$
Amho. `m {d^mJm§VJ©V ~mb dmMH$, _{hbm dmMH$, d[að> ZmJ[aH$, H$[aAa JmB©S>Ýg
B. {d^mJm§gmR>r J«§W, a°H$, ~wH$ Ho$g, [aS>tJ Q>o~b, d IwÀ`m© IaoXrgmR>r àË`oH$
{d^mJmbm ê$. 50 hOmamn`ªV AZwXmZ _§Oya hmoVo, _mÌ Ë`mVrb 60 % a¸$_ hr
J«§WIaoXrgmR>r dmnamdr bmJVo. _mÌ EH$m dfm©V EH$m J«§Wmb`mbm OmñVrV OmñV ê$.
150000/- EdT>oM AZwXmZ _§Oya hmoVo.
· J«§Wmb`m§Mo 50/60/75/100/125/150/175 df} gmOao
H$aÊ`mgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Zm ñWmnZ hmoD$Z VgoM OZVog J«§Wmb` godm XoD$Z gwdU©
_hmoËgd hraH$ _hmoËgd, eVmãXr _hmoËgd, dJ¡ao gmOao H$aÊ`mgmR>r à{Vð>mZ_m\©$V
_XV Ho$br OmVo. hr `moOZm 1990-91 _Ü`o bmJy H$aÊ`mV Ambr. `m `moOZoA§VJ©V
50/60/75 dfmªgmR>r EH$mdoiog ê$. 1 bmI _XV {_iVo Va 100 dfmªnwT>rb
J«§Wmb`m§gmR>r ê$. 1 bmI 50 hOma _XV {_iVo. `mA§VJ©V go{_Zma, dH©$em°n,
J«§WIaoXr, g§JUH$, Poam°Šg _{eZ, a°H$ IaoXr, dJ¡aogmR>r hr a¸$_ dmnaVm `oVo.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 18
· H|$ÐemgZmZo nwañH¥$V Ho$boë`m J«W
§ mb`m§Zm AZwXmZ
`m `moOZoVyZ ^maV gaH$maÀ`m _Zwî`~i {dH$mg _§Ìmb`m§VJ©V `wdH$ godm
H$m`©H«$_mgmR>r XoemVrb {Oëhm H|$Ð åhUyZ Zohê$ H|$ÐmMr ñWmnZm H$aÊ`mV Ambr
Amho. `m `wdH$ H|$Ðm_m\©$V emioV Z OmUmè`m 15 Vo 35 d`moJQ>mVrb {dÚmÏ`mªgmR>r
hm CnH«$_ am~{dbm OmVmo. `m `moOZoA§VJ©V 25,000/- én`o J«§W IaoXr,
20,000/- én`o \$ZuMa, J«§Wmb` B_maV, g§JUH$sH$aUmgmR>r 4 bmI ê$.
AZwXmZmÛmao _XV Ho$br OmVo.
· amï´>r` ñVamda MMm©gÌ, n[afXm§À`m Am`moOZmgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
amï´>r` nmVirdarb J«§Wmb` g§KQ>ZmZm ì`mdgm{`H$ MMm©gÌ qH$dm n[afX
Am`mo{OV H$aÊ`mgmR>r à{Vð>mZ XoemV J«§Wmb` Midi {dH$grV H$aÊ`mgmR>r MMm©gÌ
d n[afXm§Mo amï´>r` ñVamda Am`moOZ H$aUo `mgmR>r à{Vð>mZH$Sy>Z OmñVrV OmñV
1,00000/- BVHo$ AZwXmZ àmá hmoVo. `mnojm Oa IM© bmJbm, Va Vmo IM© gXa
J«§Wmb`mZo H$amdm Ago gm§{JVbo OmVo.
· H|$Ðr`/_Ü`dVu J«§W{ZdS> nÕVrZo J«§Wmb`m§Zm nwaogm J«§Wg§J«h
dmT>{dÊ`mgmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
amÁ` _Ü`dVu J«§Wmb`o, {Oëhm qH$dm BVa à{Vð>mZZo {ZdS> Ho$boë`m gmd©O{ZH$
J«§Wmb`m§Zm J«§W d dmMZgm{hË` nwa{dUo hm `m `moOZoMm CÔoe Amho. `mV J«§Wm§Mr
{ZdS>, IaoXr Am{U {dVaU à{Vð>mZV\}$ Ho$bo OmVo. `mV {H$Vr àVr IaoXr H$aUma,
{H$Vr Q>¸o$ gdbV {Xbr OmVo `mMm Vº$m {Xbobm AgVmo. 1 Vo 10 àVr 10%, 11 Vo
25 àVr 15%, 26 Vo 100 àVr 20%, 101 Vo 200 àVr 25%, 201 Vo 500
àVr 30%, Va 501 nojm A{YH$ àVr 35% gdbV gXa J«§Wm§da {Xbr OmVo.
· Ama. Ama. Ama. Eb. E\$. {MëS´>Zo H$m°Za© ñWmnZ H$aÊ`mgmR>r
AW©gmhmæ`
`m `moOZoA§VJ©V XoemVrb gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§À`m ~mb{d^mJm§Zm Am{W©H$
gmhmæ`Vm XoÊ`mgmR>r _XV Ho$br OmVo. `m `moOZoA§J©V é. 2 bmI BVH$s ghm`Vm
~mb{d^mJmVrb J«§W, a°H$, Q>o~b, IwMu, g§JUH$, BË`mXr IaoXr H$aÊ`mgmR>r {Xbr
OmVo.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 19
· emar[aH$ An§JËd Amboë`m dmMH$m§gmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
`m `moOZoMm _w»` CÔoe Á`m dmMH$m§Zm emar[aH$ An§JËd Ambobo Agob Aem
dmMH$m§ Z m àdmhmV AmUÊ`mgmR> r gmd© O {ZH$ dmMZmb`m§ Z m à{Vð> m ZH$Sy > Z
AW©gmhmæ`mÀ`m ñdê$nmV _XV hmoV AgVo. `mV ~«ob {bnrVrb J«§W, H$m°åß`wQ>a ñH«$sZ
[aS>tJ gm°âQ>doAa CXm. JAWS-10 Am°ßQ>rH$b H°$aoŠQ> [aJ¾m`PoeZ gm°âQ>doAa
(àH$m{eV gm{hË` AmdmOmV n[adV©Z H$aUo) CXm. Kurzeweil 1000, Am°{S>Amo,
pìhS>rAmo H°$goQ>g², B. `mV Cn{dmJr` J«§Wmb`mgmR>r é. 5 bmI, {Oëhm J«§Wmb`mgmR>r
é. 7 bmI Va amÁ` H|$Ðr` J«§Wmb`mgmR>r é. 10 bmI {ZYr àmá hmoVmo.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy Library Foundation (2005) : 34th Annual
Report Kolkata, 2005-06.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy Library Foundation (2006) : 35th Annual
Report Kolkata, 2006-07.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy Library Foundation (1997) : Books for
the Millions at their Doorsteps, Kolkata, RRRLF.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy Library Foundation (2005) : Official
Document : Guideliness about Implementing Action Plan for
the year 2005-06.
7.
· CÎma nyd© amÁ`m§Vrb gmd©O{ZH$ J«W
§ mb`m§gmR>r AW©gmhmæ`
`m `moOZoAV§ J©V AéUmMb àXoe, ZmJmb±S>, _oKmb`, Amgm_, {Ìnwam, Amo[agm,
B. CÎma nyd© amÁ`mVrb gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§gmR>r d AmYw{ZH$sH$aUmgmR>r `m
`moOZoA§VJ©V {ZYr àmá hmoVmo. `mV à{Vð>mZMm {hñgm 90% Va 10% {hñgm hm
VoWrb amÁ` gaH$maMm AgVmo.
{ZîH$f©
XoemVrb gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb` Midirbm àmoËgmhZ XoÊ`mgmR>r ñWmnZ Pmboë`m
`m à{Vð>mZÀ`m g_Vwë` d Ag_Vwë` AW©gmhmæ` Aem XmoZ àH$maÀ`m `moOZo_m\©$V
gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Zm _moR>çm à_mUmda AW©gmhmæ` {Xbo OmVo. Ë`m_wio gmd©O{ZH$
J«W§ mb`m§Mm {dH$mg hmoÊ`mg _moR>çm à_mUmda _XV hmoV AgVo. nyduÀ`m H$mir _mZ{gH$
g§VwbZ g§^miÊ`mMo H$m_ gm_mÝ` _mUyghr J«§WdmMZmÀ`m gmhmæ`mZo H$arV hmoVm. ho
J«§W Ë`m§Zm ghO[aË`m gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`mV CnbãY hmoV AgV. _moR>_moR>çm
{dMmad§Vm§Zr qMVZmVyZ gmH$mabobm gwOmUnUm {deof à{H«$`m H$ê$Z gwb^VoZo gm_mÝ`
_mUgmn`ªV nmohM{dÊ`mMo H$m_ gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`o H$aVmV.
~mago, Zmam`U (2002) N>. g_W© gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`o … g_mOmMr
_mZgemñÌr` JaO, kmZJ§JmoÌr, df© 3 (2), gßQ>|. - Zmoìh|., n¥. H«$. 2634.
8. Xoenm§S>o, E. ìhr. (2012) … gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`o Am{U g_mO, {MÌboIm df©
39(9), 25 _o, n¥. H«$. 62-63.
9. Xoenm§S>o, lram_ (2001) … _hm{dÚmb`rZ J«§Wnmbm§Mm gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`
MidirV gh^mJ, kmZJ§JmoÌr, df© 2 (2), gßQ>o§.-Zmoìho§., n¥. H«$. 69-74.
10. gÞmgo, ~r. E. (2004), amOm am__mohZ am°` à{Vð>mZ, kmZJ§JmoÌr df© 5(2)
gßQ>|.-Zmoìho§., n¥.H«$. 40-78.
11. dra, Y_©amO (2006), amOm am__mohZ am°` à{Vð>mZ, gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§gmR>r
daXmZ, kmZJ§JmoÌr, df© 7(1) OyZ-Am°JñQ>, n¥. H«$. 29-36.
g§X^©
1.
2.
Baruo, B. P. (1993) : Two Decades of the Foundations. Raja
Ram Mohan Roy Library Foundation, Kolkata.
Chaurasia Kamal Kumar and Yadav Arun Kumar : Raja Ram
Mohan Roy Library Foundation (RRRLF) and Public Library
Development in India.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 20
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 21
Am^mgr JǤWmb`
àm. lr_Vr H$ënZm em_amd gmoZdUo
J«W§ nmb, ^{JZr _§S>i MmonS>m g§M{bV g_mOH$m`© _hm{dÚmb`
MmonS>m, {O. OiJmd
Email : kalpanasonawane73@rediffmail.com
àm. àXrn Vwieram_ nmQ>rb
J«W§ nmb, A.`w.H$.Ho$. g§M{bV, _{hbm _hm{dÚmb`, Xodnya, Ywio
Email : ptpatil66@rediffmail.com
Am^mgr J«W§ mb` ho J«W§ mb`mÀ`m A{V_hÎdmÀ`m godm Am{U
g§JUH$ dmnaUmè`m§À`m q^VrnbrH$S>o g_rjUmË_H$ g§emoYZ g§Jh«
XoBb
© . Am^mgr J«W§ mb` ho ^mdr {nT>çm§gmR>r g§Jh« àmá H$aÊ`mMm
Am{U OVZ H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aob. Am^mgr J«W§ mb` ho {d{eï>
emIoÀ`m H$_©Mmè`m§gmR>r Ë`m§À`m ApñVËdmV Agboë`m JaOm d
ZdrZ {Z_m©U hmoUmè`m JaOm nyU© H$aÊ`mda àH$me Q>mH$Vo. ho
J«W§ mb` {dÚmÏ`mªZmgwÕm ZdrZ {nT>rÀ`m JaOm nyU© H$aÊ`mMr godm
XoV.o Am^mgr J«W§ mb` ho ^{dî`mVrb J«W§ mb`mÀ`m g§X^m©V EH$
Ñ{ï>jno Amho. gXa g§emoYZ boImV Am^mgr J«W§ mb`mMr ì`m»`m,
B{Vhmg, CÔoe, d¡{eîQ>ç,o \$m`Xo d VmoQ>o `m§Mr MMm© Ho$bobr Amho.
àñVmdZm
AmYw{ZH$ H$mimVrb J«§Wmb` ho _m{hVr V§ÌkmZ Am{U _m{hVr ì`dñWmnZ
emó `m§À`mVrb àJVr_wio ~XbË`m ñdê$nmV gm_moao `oV Amho. gwédmVrg J«§Wmb`mV
\$º$ hñV{b{IVo CnbãY AgV. _wÐU H$boMm emoY bmJë`mZ§Va _w{ÐV J«§WmMr g§»`m
dmTy> bmJbr. nwT>o AZoH$ ZdZdrZ _mÜ`_m§Mm emoY bmJbm. Ë`mV A_w{ÐV ñdê$nmMr
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 22
åhUOoM _m`H«$mo\$m_©g, Mw§~H$s`, Üd{Z_wÐU, Mb{MÌ, àH$mer` d eodQ>r BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$
_mÜ`_o, BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ _mÜ`_m§À`m àdmhmVrb B-OZ©b, B-~wH$, B. àH$meZo, BómoV, B§Q>aZoQ> B. {d{dY àH$mam§_Ü`o _m{hVr gmR>{dbr OmD$ bmJbr. Ë`m_wio gwédmVrMo
N>mnrb gm{hË` d AmVmMo A_w{ÐV gm{hË` `m§À`m g§H$bZm_wio J«W§ mb`mMo ñdê$n
g§H$[aV J«W§ mb` (Hybrid Library) Ago hmoD$ bmJbo. 1950 Z§Va g§JUH$mMm
emoY bmJbm d J«W§ mb`mMo H$m`© `m§{ÌH$ nÕVrZo hmoD$ bmJbo. nma§n[aH$ J«W§ mb`mVrb
g§X^©JW§« , Xw{_©iJ«W§ , hñV{b{IVo B. gm{hË` dmVmdaUmÀ`m n[aUm_m_wio Iam~ d
Zï> hmoÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Agë`mZo Ë`mda {S>OrQ>m`PoeZMr à{H«$`m H$ê$Z Vo J«W§ {S>OrQ>b
(A§H$s`) ñdê$nmV gmR>{dbo OmD$ bmJbo Ë`mbmM {S>OrQ>b J«W§ mb` (A§H$s` J«W§ mb`o)
Ago g§~moYVmV. nwT>o {j{VO{dZm J«§Wmb`o (Libraries without Boundries)
åhUOoM Am^mgr J«§Wmb`o (Virtual Libraries) OdiOdi nyU© BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$
J«§Wmb`mMm Am^mg {Z_m©U H$aUmar J«§Wmb`o Aer ZdrZ g§H$ënZm CX`mg Ambr.
Am^mgr gË`Vm hr _mZdmZo {Z_m©U Ho$boë`m EH$ qH$dm AZoH$ Om{Udm§Mo n`m©`r
gmYZ Amho. Am^mgr gË`Vm ho EH$ àH$maMo V§ÌkmZ Amho. {OÀ`mVrb OmUrd
d¡{eï>çm§Mm _`m©{XV gmnoj g§~§Ym_wio Ë`m dñVyer {ZJ{S>V Agë`mMm AZw^d `oVmo.
àJV V§ÌkmZm_wio {_iUmè`m Om{Udm§_wio gXa gh^mJr ì`º$sg AmnU àË`jmVM
dmnaV Agë`mÀ`m A^mg {Z_m©U hmoVmo.
dmT>Ë`m Cn`moJm_wio Am^mgr dmVmdaU Cn`moOH$mMr {dœgZr`Vm dmT>{dVo.
Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mVyZ Cn`moOH$mg (user) _m{hVr BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ ñdê$nmVM CnbãY
hmoVo. Ë`mgmR>r J«§Wmb`mV àË`j OmÊ`mMr Amdí`H$Vm Zmhr. Ka~gë`m ZoQ>dH©$Ûmao
AmnU Vr _m{hVr CnbãY H$ê$Z KoD$ eH$Vmo. Ë`mVyZ Cn`moOH$mZo {H$Vr _m{hVr
¿`mdr `mMr _`m©Xm Zmhr. Ë`mbm Á`m _m{hVrMr JaO Amho Vr _m{hVr Vmo Am^mgr
J«§Wmb`mVyZ B§Q>ZoQ>Ûmao Amnë`m Kar g§JUH$mda {_idy d gmR>dy eH$Vmo. hr _m{hVr
BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ ñdê$nmV Agë`mZo Vr gmR>{dÊ`mgmR>r J«§Wmb`mV OmñV OmJoMr JaO
^mgV Zmhr. g§JUH$ d Vm§{ÌH$ gmYZo dmnê$Z _m{hVrMo ì`dñWmnZ H$aVm `oVo. `m
XoI^mbrgmR>r H$_©Mmarhr H$_r bmJVmV, _mÌ Vo à{e{jV hdoV. `m J«§Wmb`mÛmao
Cn`moOH$ hm _m{hVr Ëd[aV àmá H$ê$ eH$Vmo. `m J«§Wmb`mV _m{hVrMm gmR>m _moR>çm
à_mUmda AgVmo. B§Q>ZoQ>darb _m{hVr hr `m J«§Wmb`mV doJdoJù`m {df`m§Mo S>oQ>m~ogog
V`ma H$ê$Z ì`dpñWV[aË`m gmR>dZy R>do bobr AgVo. Ë`m_wio Cn`moOH$mMm doi dmMÊ`mg
_XV hmoVo.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 23
Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mVrb dmMZgm{hË` g§J«h hm _w{ÐV ñdê$nmMm ZgVmo. Ë`mV
B-OZ©b, B-~wH$, S>oQ>m~ogog, B-ñdê$nmVrb {Z`VH$m{bH$m§Mm gma, ì`mnmar dmL>_`,
B-dV© _ mZnÌo B. ñdê$nmVrb emgH$s` H$mJXnÌo , {S> O rQ> b ñdê$nmVrb
gm{hË`,doJdoJù`m do~darb qbH$Mr gyMr B. AZoH$ àH$maMo gm{hË` Am^mgr
J«W§ mb`mV CnbãY AgVo. Am^mgr J«W§ mb` nÕVrMm AmXe© hm`na{_S>r`m_Ü`o {Z_m©U
H$aVm `oVmo `mgmR>r hm`na H$mS>©Mm Cn`moJ H$aVm `oVmo. lr. hþH$ `m§Zr `mgmR>r hm`na
H$mS>© V`ma Ho$bo. `m hm`na H$mS>©_wio âbmo[aS>m J«§Wmb` nÕVrMm (FULS) `m
_m{hVrg§MmV ñWm{ZH$ joÌmVrb Omù`mÛmao àdoe {_iVmo. `m_Ü`o lr. hþH$ `m§Zr
g§nUy © J«W§ mb`mV doJdoJù`m Ñ{ï>H$moZmVyZ AmaoIZ Ho$bo Amho. Ë`m_wio Cn`moOH$ OgOer
_mD$gMr hmbMmb H$aob, VgVgm Cn`moOH$mbm ñdV… Ë`m J«§Wmb`mVyZ {\$aV
Agë`mMm ^mg hmoVmo.
OJmVrb n{hbo Am^mgr J«§Wmb` B§Q>aZoQ> ho Amho. Vo g§~§{YVm§Zm B-nmR> Am{U
_m{hVr CnbãY H$ê$Z XoUo. {Q>_ ~Z©a br `m§Zr gZ 1981 _Ü`o {O{Zìhm `oWrb gZ©
`m à`moJemioV HTML Am{U B§Q>aZoQ>À`m gmhmæ`mZo Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMr ñWmnZm
Ho$br. Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMr g§H$ënZm A{YH$ bj doYV Amho, H$maU Vo EH$ B§Q>aZoQ>Mo
gYZ _mÜ`_ Amho. H$mhr V§ÌkmZ _§S>io Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mbm EH$_od, AmH$bZr`
Am{U _yë`dmZ _m{hVr XoÊ`mMo OJmVrb EH$ ómoV _mZVmV. ho J«W§ mb` åhUOo nm§an[aH$
J«§Wmb`mMo EH$ AQ>i n[adV©Z Amho. Am^mgr J«§Wmb` ho BVHo$ n[anyU©ËdmZo ~Z{dbobo
J«§Wmb` Amho H$s, Vo B§Q>aZoQ>Ûmao Ho$ìhmhr d OJmVrb H$moUË`mhr ^m¡Jmo{bH$ {R>H$mUmhÿZ
dmnaVm `oD$ eH$Vo. `m J«§Wmb`mV EH$ {d{eï> _m{hVr ZgVo Va gd© àH$maÀ`m
{df`mg§X^m©V _m{hVrMm g§J«h AgVmo. J«§Wnmbm§Zr `m J«§Wmb`mMm Cn`moJ Joë`m EH$m
XeH$mnmgyZ qH$dm WmoS>çm A{YH$ H$mimnmgyZ Ho$bm Amho. A^mgr J«§Wmb`mÛmao
ñWm{ZH$ nmVirda doJdoJù`m Xe©H$m§À`m gmhmæ`mZo {dñVm[aV Ho$bobr _m{hVr nwa{dbr
OmVo.
and delivery from external worldwide library and commercial
information and knowledge sources.
ì`m»`m
Am^mgr JǤWmb`mMm B{Vhmg
Ho$. J°noZ (1963) `m§Zr Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMr ì`m»`m nwT>rbà_mUo Ho$br
Am^mgr J«W§ mb` åhUOo Omo H$mhr EImÚm {df`mMm _OHy$a Am{U godm AgVrb
Ë`m J«§Wmb`m_m\©$V {Xë`m OmUo. hr _m{hVr doJdoJù`m _m{hVrgmYZm§_YyZ Jmoim
Ho$br OmVo. hr _m{hVr N>mnrb d BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$À`m _mÜ`_m§VyZ CnbãY hmoVo. `m g§nyU©
_m{hVrMo àgmaU ho ~mø OJmÀ`m OmJ{VH$ J«§Wmb` Am{U ì`mdgm{`H$ _m{hVr
Am{U kmZ `m§À`m gmhmæ`mZo hmoVo.
nm°dob (1994) `m§À`m _Vo
Virtual library as it is a library with little or no physical persence
of books, periodicals, reading space or support staff, but are that
disseminate selective information directly to distributed library
customers, usually electronically.
Am^mgr J«W§ mb` åhUOo Ago J«W§ mb` H$s Á`m _Ü`o J«W§ , {Z`VH$m{bH$m§Mo
^m¡{VH$ ApñVËd IwnM H$_r qH$dm OdiOdi Zgë`mgmaIo AgVo. dmMZmgmR>r
Agbobr OmJm qH$dm AmYmamgmR>r Agbobo H$_©Mmar B. ZmhrV na§Vw VargwÕm Ë`m_Ü`o
_m{hVr hr Ë`m J«§Wmb`mÀ`m dmMH$m§Zm Zoh_rM BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ gmYZm§À`m gmhmæ`mZo
nwa{dbr OmVo.
{dH$snoS>r`m (2005)
Virtual library means library without walls. The resources are
available in digital format, there is no paper, microforms etc. The
resources are locally held or accessed through computer networks.
Am^mgr J«W§ mb` åhUOo Ago J«W§ mb` H$s Á`mbm q^Vr ZgVmV. `m J«W§ mb`mMo
ómoV ho BboŠQ´>m{° ZH$ qH$dm {S>OrQ>b ñdê$nmV CnbãY AgVmV. `m J«W§ mb`mV H$mJX
qH$dm _m`H«$mo\$m°_© B. àH$maMo gm{hË` ZgVo. `m {R>H$mUr _m{hVrMo ómoV åhUOo
g§JUH$mMo Omio hmo`.
The concept of remote access to the content and services of
libraries and other information resources combining an on-site
collection of current and heavily used material in both print and
electronic form, with an electronic network that provide access to,
Am^mgr J«§Wmb` ho AMmZH$nUo B§Q>aZoQ>_YyZ {Z_m©U Pmbobo Zmhr. Ë`mMm
CX` B. g. 1960 nmgyZ Amho. `m J«§Wmb`mMm Cn`moJ e¡j{UH$, gmd©O{ZH$ Am{U
ImOJr J«§Wmb`m§gmR>rgwÕm hmoVmo. `mMm {dñVma, g§KQ>Z Am{U ì`dñWmnZ ho {H$Ë`oH$
dfmªnmgyZ AmW©a `m§Zr Ho$bo Amho. JoamS>© _°ZtJ ho A^mgr J«§Wmb`mMo n{hbo AÜ`j
hmoVo. ñdJu` ~Q>©Q´>S> B~«mhr_ ho Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMm {Z{_©VrÀ`m AmYr Agbobo
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 24
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 25
Amho.
g§KQ>H$ hmoVo. Ë`m§Mm gZ 2001 _Ü`o d`mÀ`m 46 ì`m dfu AH$mbr _¥Ë`w Pmbm. `m
dfm©nmgyZ Am^mgr J«W§ mb`mMm {dñVma hmoV Amho, OoUHo $ê$Z AmVm `m _w»` J«W§ mb`mer
g§b{¾V300 CnJ«W§ mb`o AmhoV.
Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMm CÔoe
Am^mgr J«§Wmb` ñWmnZoMm CÔoe AÜ`mnZ Am{U kmZmMm g§M` H$aUo hm
Amho. `m_Ü`o {d{dY àH$maÀ`m amï´>r` Am{U Am§Vaamï´>r` _m{hVrMm g_mdoe Amho.
e¡j{UH$ gm{hË`, J«§W, {Z`VH$m{bHo$, dV©_mZnÌ godm Á`mà_mUo nma§n[aH$ nÕVrZo
{_iUmè`m _m{hVrMo ómoV ho Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mV AmhoV. hr g§nyU© _m{hVr BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$
ñdê$nmV g§H${bV Ho$br OmVo Am{U Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mÛmao Ë`mMo àjonU Ho$bo OmVo.
Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMr d¡{eîQ>ço
Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMr d¡{eîQ>ço Imbrbà_mUo 1) _m{hVrÀ`m ómoVmMo g§KQ>Z BboŠQ´>m{ZŠgÀ`m ghmæ`mZo 3D ñdê$nmV Ho$bo OmVo.
2) àboI BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ ñdê$nmVM CnbãY AgVmV.
3) H$moUË`mhr Omù`mVyZ àboImV àdoe KoVm `oVmo.
4) àboImMr à{Vàmár AWdm {dVaU _mJUrZwgma hmoVo.
5) J«§Wmb`mMo H$_©Mmar H$moUË`mhr ^m¡Jmo{bH$ ñWmZmnmgyZ Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mÛmao
dmMH$m§Zm godm XoD$ eH$VmV.
6) dmMZgm{hË`mÀ`m Cn`moJmgmR>r J«§Wmb`mV OmÊ`mMr Amdí`H$Vm Zmhr.
7) àboI Ëd[aV àmá hmoD$Z dmMH$m§Zm doi dmMVmo.
8) J«W§ mb` godm Ogo- g§KVm{bH$m, AmonH° $, àM{bV OmJê$H$Vm (CAS) {ZdS>H$
_m{hVr àgmaU godm (SDI) B. godm g§JUH$mda CnbãY Amho.
9) B§Q>aZoQ>À`m _mÜ`_mVyZ _m{hVrMo emoYZ gd© gmYZm§_YyZ n[aUm_H$maH$[aË`m
hmoVo.
10) J«§Wmb`mÛmao dmMH$m§Zm ~wboQ>rZ ~moS>©, ãbm°J, B-_ob, ìhmBg _ob, Am°{S>Amo
H$m°Ý\$apÝg¨JÛmao godm {Xë`m OmVmV.
11) J«§Wmb`mVrb H$_©Mmè`m§Zm d dmMH$m§Zm ZdrZ V§ÌkmZ dmnamMo à{ejU {Xbo
OmVo.
12) Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mg ^m¡{VH$ ApñVËd Agy dm Zgy eH$Vo.
13) `mV _m{hVrMm OmJ{VH$ ñVamda doJmZo Am{U {dñV¥V A§V^m©d hmoVmo.
14) nm§an[aH$ J«§Wmb` nÕVrV `m ZdrZ J«§Wmb`m_wio ~Xb Pmbobm AmT>iVmo.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 26
15) Vm{bHo$V BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ gm{hË`mMm Ogm g_mdoe hmoVmo do~gmB©Q>MmgwÕm VgmM
A§V^m©d AgVmo.
16) Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMm OmñVrV OmñV ^a hm _m{hVrn`ªV nmohMÊ`mMm AgVmo.
Ho$di g§J«h H$aÊ`mda ZgVmo.
eoadob (1967) `m§Zr Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMr d¡{eîQ>ço Imbrbà_mUo gm§{JVbr
AmhoV.
1) `m_Ü`o gmjon Ago ^m¡{VH$ g§KQ>Z (g§J«h) ZgVo. (CXm. nwñVH$mVrb _m{hVr
Amnë`mbm {XgVo na§Vw J«§W g_moa {XgV Zmhr.)
2) àboI ho BboŠQ´>m°{ZŠgÀ`m _mÜ`_mV AgVmV.
3) EH$mM {d{eï> {R>H$mUr àboIm§Mm g§J«h Ho$bobm ZgVmo.
4) àboI Ooìhm nm{hOo Voìhm àmá hmoD$ eH$VmV qH$dm nmR>{dbo OmD$ eH$VmV.
5) àboIm§Mm à^mdr emoY nÕVrMm Cn`moJ `mV AgVmo.
Am^mgr JǤWmb`mMo \$m`Xo
1)
Am^mgr J«W§ mb`mVrb dmMZgm{hË` BboŠQ´>m{° ZH$ ñdê$nmV Agë`mZo H$_r OmJoV
C^mabo OmD$ eH$Vo.
2) dmMZgm{hË` {S>OrQ>b ñdê$nmV Agë`m_wio Vo Ëd[aV CnbãY hmoVo.
3) Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mVrb dmMZgm{hË` BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ ñdê$nmV Agë`mZo Vo
B§Q>aZoQ>Ûmao H$moRw>Zhr àmá H$aVm `oVo. Ë`mgmR>r J«§Wmb`mV OmÊ`mMr Amdí`H$Vm
Zmhr.
4) `m dmMZgm{hË`mVrb _m{hVrV ZdZdrZ _m{hVrMm g_mdoe AgVmo.
5) `m J«§Wmb`mVrb dmMZgm{hË` ho B§Q>aZoQ>dê$Z àmá Ho$bobo d {S>OrQ>b
ñdê$nmVrb AgVo.
6) `m J«W§ mb`mVrb dmMZgm{hË` ho hdo VodT>o S>mD$ZbmoS> H$aVm `oVo d Vo Hw$ebVoZo
hmVmiVm `oV.o
7) dJ©Ur ^ê$Z H$moUmghr Am^mgr J«W§ mb`mMo g^mgX hmoVm `oV,o _mÌ Ë`mgmR>r
dmMH$mH$S>o g§JUH$ d B§Q>aZoQ> H$ZoŠeZ hdo.
8) J«§Wmb` Am^mgr Agë`mZo `mV J«§W Jhmi hmoUo d MwH$sÀ`m OmJr J«§W bmdUo
hr g_ñ`m CËnÞ hmoV Zmhr.
9) A^mgr J«§Wmb`mgmR>r \$maM _moOŠ`m n«{e{jV H$_©Mmè`m§Mr JaO AgVo.
10) J«§W ~m§YUr d Ë`mMr {ZJm hm IM© bmJV Zmhr.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 27
Am^mgr JǤWmb`mMo VmoQ>o
1)
2)
3)
4)
`m J«§Wmb`mMo Ogo \$m`Xo AmhoV VgoM H$mhr à_mUmV VmoQ>ohr AmhoV.
Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mV àË`j J«§W hmVmiVm `oV Zgë`mZo dmMH$m§Zm J«§W dmMZmMm
AmZ§X KoVm `oV Zmhr.
`m J«§Wmb`mÀ`m dmnamgmR>r g§JUH$ d B§Q>aZoQ>Mo H$ZoŠeZ Amdí`H$ Agë`mZo
BVa Jar~ dmMH$m§Zm hm IM© nadS>V Zmhr.
Oer J«§WmVrb _m{hVr gË`Vm AgVo Ver B§Q>aZoQ>da H$moUrhr _m{hVr Q>mHy$
eH$V Agë`mZo Ë`m _m{hVrV gË`Vm Agob `m~m~V gme§H$Vm Amho.
AmO _moR>çm à_mUmda dmMZgm{hË` ho _w{ÐV ñdê$nmV Agë`mZo Vo gd©M
gm{hË` Am^mgr J«W§ mb`mÛmao {_iy eH$Uma Zmhr.
{ZîH$f©
Am^mgr J«§Wmb` ho BVHo$ n[anyU©ËdmZo ~Z{dbobo J«§Wmb` Amho H$s Vo B§Q>aZoQ>Ûmao
Ho$ìhmhr d OJmVrb H$moUË`mhr ^m¡Jmo{bH$ {R>H$mUmhÿZ {Xgy eH$Vo. dmMH$m§Zm Xya
A§Vamdê$Z Am^mgr J«§Wmb` hmVmiÊ`mg gmo`rñH$a amhrb. Á`m nÕVrZo gyú_Xeu
`mMm Cn`moJ H$aVmo, Ë`m nÕVrZo `m J«§Wmb`mMm dmna H$aVm `oB©b. Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mV
Iyn {^Þ {^Þ Jmoï>tMm g_mdoe Agy eH$Vmo. `mV EH$ {dH$ën åhUyZ Am^mgrnUm
{Za§Va Am{U dmT>Ë`m V§ÌkmZmV A{YH$m{YH$ A{Z`§{ÌV n`m©` åhUyZ CnbãY Agob.
~hþAm`m_r BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ _m{hVr H|$ÐmV Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mMm {dH$mg KS>dyZ Am^mgr
J«§Wmb`o `oUmè`m ZOrH$À`m H$mimVrb Zdm Ñ{ï>H$moZ Agob. Am^mgr J«§Wmb`mH$Sy>Z
Ooìhm _m{hVr g§J«h H$aUo, _m{hVrMr nwZC©nbãYVm Am{U B_oO àmogoqgJ V§ÌkmZmV
narnyU© hmoB©b, Voìhm CnbãY _m{hVr _moR>çm à_mUmda {MÌm§À`m gmhmæ`mZo
(Graphical) CnbãY H$ê$Z XoVm `oD$ eHo$b.
3.
Hirwade M.A. and Hirwade A. W. (2004), Virtual Libraries :
Challenges for 21st centuary in : C.P. Vishishth and M. P.
Satija (Ed.) Library and information Profession in India, Vol. I, Part II, Reflection and Redemptions Delhi : B. R. Pub.
Corp. P. 669-677.
4. Koganurmath, Muttaya (2007), Virtual Library : an overview,
5th International CALIBER 2007, Pubjab University,
Chandigarh 08, 10 Feb. 2007, p. 535-542.
5. Patil, Pradip T. and Sonawane Kalpana S. (2013), The Virtual
Library : vision and reality, in Journal of Young Librarians
Association (JYLA), V 6, p. 49-52.
6. Rajendran L. and Venketeson M. (2004), The Virtual Library
and overview in, Indian Journal Information Library and Society,
V17, N1-2, Jan-Jun 2004, p. 87-90.
7. Ricio, Holly M (2001) Features The Virtual Library : past,
present and future.
8. Schuyler, Michael (1998), The Virtual pop side : on the libraries,
like popsicles are vulnerable to power failure.
9. The www Virtual Library : http://virb.org
10. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2005a) Virtual Library : http:/
/en.wikipedia.0.9/wiki/virtual library
11. World Wide Web Virtual Library : Wikipedia.htm
12. www.netugc.com wbsite free online UGC/NET/SET/SLET
guide in Library and Information Science.
g§X^©
1.
2.
Chiveza, D. S. (2006), The potential for virtual library services
to promote teaching and reasearch and reduce the digital
divides : a case study of university of malaw.
Gapen, K. G. (1993), The virtual Library : knowledge society
and the librariay in : L.M. Sauders (Ed), The Virtual Library :
vision and realities, p. 1-14, Westport Meckler.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 28
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 29
J«o {bQ>aoMa
Im§S>Ho $a Or. ~r.
J«§Wnmb, ZmB©Q> H$m°boO Am°\$ AmQ>©g² A°ÊS> H$m°_g©
BMbH$a§Or - 416 115
Email : klp.ganesh@gmail.com
J«§Wmb`m_Ü`o BVa _m{hVr ómoVmà_mUo "J«o {bQ>aoMa' hohr
_m{hVr àgmaUmMo ómoV Amho. {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m e¡j{UH$ H$m_mV
Cn`moJ, [agM©/[agM© nona_Ü`o Cn`moJ, d¡ÚH$s` joÌmVrb _m{hVr,
ZdrZ bmJUmè`m g§emoYZmg§~Y§ r _m{hVr VgoM _mZHo$ hr d BVa
_m{hVr {_idÊ`mgmR>r J«o {bQ>aM
o aMm dmna Ho$bm OmVmo. dmMH$m§Zm,
{dÚmÏ`mªZm {d{dY {df`m§Vrb ZdZdrZ _m{hVr {_imdr `mgmR>r
dV© _ mZ KS> m _mo S > r g§ ~ § Y r _m{hVr Xo U mao amOH$s`/amï´ > r ` d
Am§Vaamï´>r` J«o {bQ>aoMa VgoM {dkmZ V§ÌkmZ, d¡ÚH$s`{df`H$
à{gÕ hmoUmao J«o {bQ>aM
o a ho à^mdr gmYZ Amho. àñVwV boImV J«o
{bQ>aM
o aMr ì`már, _hÎd, àH$ma, d¡{eîQ>ço d J«o {bQ>aM
o a àH$m{eV
H$aUmè`m g§ñWm `m§~m~V _m{hVr {Xbr Amho.
J«§Wmb`mÛmao _m{hVrMr gmR>dU, Ë`mda gmonñH$ma d Ë`mMo {dVaUmMo hr à_wI
H$m`© hmoV AgVmV. J«§Wmb`mV {d{dY dmMZ àH$maMo gm{hË` g§J«{hV H$aÊ`mV `oVo.
J«W§ d J«W§ Vo a gm{hË`m~amo~aM AmYw{ZH$ H$mimV _m{hVrV§ÌkmZmÀ`m H«$m§Vr_wio {S>OrQ>b
ñdê$nmV _m{hVr CnbãY hmoV AgVo. ~hþVm§er dmMH$m§Zm J«§Wmb`mVrb Cnamoº$
gmYZm~m~V _m{hVr AgVo. VWm{n AmYw{ZH$ H$mimV _m{hVr {_idUo d {VMm àgma
H$aUo `mH$[aVm "J«o {bQ>aoMa' _hÎdmMr ^y{_H$m ~OmdV Amho. _w»`Ëdo g§emoYH$
AmnAmnë`m Aä`mgjoÌmV ZdZdrZ àH$m{eV hmoUmè`m d CnbãY hmoUmè`m
_m{hVr~m~V \$maM CËgwH$ AgVmV. Aem gd© g§emoYH$m§Zm, dmMH$m§Zm "J«o {bQ>aoMa'
Mr A{YH$ JaO ^mgV Amho.
_m{hVrV§ÌkmZ Am{U B§Q>aZoQ>Mm àMma d àgma BVŠ`m doJmZo hmoV Amho H$s,
Ë`mnmgyZ gm_mÝ` _mUyg Agmo, e¡j{UH$ joÌ Agmo, Am{W©H$ OJV Agmo dm J«§Wmb`o
Agmo, Hw$UrM Xya ZmhrV. OJ^amVrb B§Q>aZoQ>À`m Omù`m_wio "½bmo~b pìhboO' Mr
{Z{_©Vr Pmbr Amho. `mo½` _m{hVr `mo½` doir {_idUo JaOoMo Pmbo Amho. Ë`m_wio
_m{hVrbm _yë` {Z_m©U Pmbo Amho. XaamoO doJdoJio emoY bmJV AgVmV. VgoM
emgZmV\}$ e¡j{UH$ g§ñWm§Ûmam CÚmoJ g_yh joÌmV XaamoO _m{hVr V§ÌkmZmÀ`m g§X^m©V
ZdZdrZ Cn`moOZ H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ hmoV AgVmo. hr ZdrZ Ambobr _m{hVr J«W§ ñdê$nmV
J«W§ mb`mn`ªV AWdm dmMH$mn`ªV nmohmoMÊ`mgmR>r doi bmJV AgVmo. _mÌ hrM àH$m{eV
Pmbobr _m{hVr "Jo« {bQ>aoMa' À`m _mÜ`_m§Ûmao J«§Wmb`m§_Ü`o, doJdoJù`m B§S>ñQ´>rO_Ü`o
ObX nmohmoMVo d Ë`m ZdrZ _m{hVrMm X¡Z§{XZ H$m_m_Ü`o Cn`moJ H$ê$Z KoVm `oVmo.
g§emoYH$mÀ`m g§emoYZm_Ü`o VmOr d AÚ`mdV _m{hVr ObX {_iUo JaOoMo AgVo,
AÝ`Wm Ë`mÀ`m g§emoYZ H$m`m©_Ü`o ZdrZ _m{hVrMm A^md OmUdy eH$Vmo.
J«o {bQ>aoMa
àñVmdZm
gÚmMo `wJ ho _m{hVr d V§ÌkmZmMo `wJ åhUyZ AmoiIbo OmVo. amoOÀ`m amoO
ZdZdrZ _m{hVrMr {Z{_©Vr hmoV AgVo. {d{dY {df`m§Vrb g§emoYZm_wio ZdZdrZ
{df` CX`mg `oV AmhoV. _mZdmMo kmZ dmT>V Amho. _m{hVrÀ`m àM§S> n[añ\$moQ>m_wio
_mZdmÀ`m kmZmV gVV ^a nS>V Amho. Aer hr Zd{Z{_©V _m{hVr {Z`VH$m{bH$mÀ`m/
J«§WmÀ`m d V§ÌkmZmÀ`m ñdê$nmV dmMH$m§À`m nwT>o `oV Amho. hr àH$m{eV _m{hVr
dmMH$m§À`m d g§emoYH$m§À`mn`©V nmohMdÊ`mMo H$m`© J«§Wmb` H$aV AgVmV.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 30
AmOÀ`m ñnY}À`m `wJmV ñdm^m{dH$ {ZagVm d R>moH$i~mOnUm `mbm dmd
Zmhr. qH$~hþZm ZmdrÝ`nyU© d gH$g AÜ`mnZ AZw^yVr XoÊ`mg Oo gm{hË` Ag_W©
R>aob Ë`mMm {Q>H$md bmJUma Zmhr. `m ~m~VrV J«§Wmb`rZ godmg§~§YrgwÕm ì`mdgm{`H$
ZrVr Adb§~Uo JaOoMo Amho. ghOmghOr CnbãY hmoUmè`m dmMZ gm{hË`mnojmhr
A{YH$ H$mhr doJio XoUmao Ago g_¥Õ Ago "J«o {bQ>aoMa' CnbãY Amho. Ë`mMm AmdmH$m
\$ma _moR>m Amho.
H«${_H$ nwñVHo$, H$Wm, H$mX§~è`m, H${dVm g§Jh« , g§emoYZmË_H$ {bImU Agbobr
nwñVHo$, {Z`VH$m{bHo$ AWdm nma§n[aH$ nÕVrZo {b{hbo OmUmao CƒñVar` dmL²>_`
_J Vo H$moUË`mhr {df`mVrb Agmo Ë`mMr gd©gmYmaU {d{dY gyMr_Ü`o Zm|X AgVo. Vr
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 31
gyMr` {Z`§ÌUmImbr AgVmV. `m_Ü`o nyU© ì`mdgm{`H$ Ñ{ï>H$moZ AgVmo. `m VèhoZo
gd© gm{hË` Iwbo AWdm ìhmB©Q> {bQ>aoMa `m gXamV _moS>Vo. `mbmM Conventional
Literature åhUyZ g§~moYbo OmVo. `m CbQ> AZoH$ Ahdmb, g§emoYZn{ÌH$m, bîH$amer
g§~{YV _m{hVr, AmamIS>,o amOH$maUmer {ZJ{S>V H$mJXnÌo g§nU
y V© … JmonZr` AgVmV.
gd©gm_mÝ` dmMH$, J«§Wnmb `m§À`mgmR>r Ago gm{hË` CnbãY ZgVo. Aem àH$mambm
ãb°H$ {bQ>aoMa Ago åhUVmV. `m XmoZ Q>moH$m§Mm gwdU©_Ü` gmYUmam gm{hË` àH$ma
åhUOoM J«o {bQ>aoMa Non Conventional Literature hmo`.
"Jo« {bQ>aM
o a' `m _mÜ`_mVyZ gaH$ma, e¡j{UH$ g§ñWm, CÚmoJ g_yh ho Amnbo
àH$meZ àH$m{eV H$aV AgVmV. ZdrZ Ambobr _m{hVr g_mOmn`ªV Ëd[aV
nmohMdÊ`mMo H$m_ "J«o {bQ>aoMa' ho _mÜ`_ H$aVo. "J«o {bQ>aoMa' ho {àÝQ> d BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$
ñdê$nmV àH$m{eV Ho$bo OmVo. "J«o {bQ>aoMa' àH$m{eV H$aÊ`m_mJo Am{W©H$ \$m`Xm
AgVmoM Ago Zmhr.
emór` "J«o {bQ>aM
o a' _Ü`o ~mV_rnÌ ( News letter), d¥ÎmmÝV (Reports),
pñWVrXe©H$ nÌHo$ (Fact Sheets ), à~§Y ( Thesis), gaH$mar XñVEodO
(Government Documents), ~mV_rnÌo (Bulletins) Am{U BVa ho gd© _mo\$V/
dJ©Ur O_m H$ê$Z qH$dm {dH$Ê`mgmR>r R>odbobo AgVmV. ho àH$m{eV H$aÊ`m_mJo
_hÎdmMm CÔoe åhUOo ZdrZ bmJUmè`m emoYmMo kmZ CnOV kmZm_Ü`o d¥Õr H$aÊ`mgmR>r
VgoM Ë`m_Ü`o ~Xb H$ê$Z gwg§ñH¥$VVm AmUÊ`mgmR>r "J«o {bQ>aoMa' Mm dmna Ho$bm
OmVmo.
J«o {bQ>aoMaMr ì`m»`m
1.
2.
3.
"Material which might be formally publishd, such as institutional
reports. It can be difficult to trace, But the MOPS unit can
help"
"Working documents, Preprints, Research Papers, Stastical
documents and other difficult- to access materials that are
not controlled by commercial publishers also spelled Grey
Literature"
"Non - Conventional Literature (NCL - also called 'Grey
Literature'). Comprises scientific & Technical Reports, Patent
document, Conference Paper, Internal Report, Govrnment
Documents, News letters ,Fact Sheets & Thesis which are
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 32
not readily available through commercial channels, NCL,
specifically does not include normal scientific journals, books
or popular publications that are available through traditional
commercial publication channels"
J«o {bQ>aM
o aMm AW© H$mhr boIH$m§Zr Imbrbà_mUo {Xbm Amho.
P. Auger - ""J«o {bQ>aoMa åhUOo Agm {df` H$s Omo gd©gm_mÝ` ì`mnmar
VÎdmda MmbUmè`m `m àH$meZ g§ñWoH$Sy>Z àH$m{eV hmoV Zmhr. Ë`m_wio Ë`m~Ôb
_m{hVr {_iUo AdKS> hmoVo.''
J. M. Gibb & Philip - ""J«o {bQ>aoMa Am{U Non Conventional
Literature `m_Ü`o gd©gmYmaU g_mZVm AmT>iVo. `mMo d¡{eï>ç åhUOo ho {bQ>aoMa
àH$m{eV PmboM nm{hOo Aer H$moUVrhr BÀN>m ZgVo.''
A. K. Dasgupta - ""J«o {bQ>aoMa `m gm{hË`mMr {Z{_©Vr R>amdrH$ CÔoemgmR>r
_`m©{XV hmoVo. Ë`m_wio ì`mnmar VÎdmda Mmbë`mg nwñVH$ {dH«$s Ho$ÝÐmVyZ Ago gm{hË`
CnbãY hmoV Zmhr.'' VgoM ""AY© àH$m{eV gm{hË`' Ahdmb, A§VJ©V àH$meZ
`mgmaIo {dH«$sgmR>r CnbãY Zgbobo gm{hË`''.
J«o {bQ>aoMaMm B{Vhmg
J«o {bQ>aM
o a `m eãXmbm \o$§« M_Ü`o "Literature Grise" German _Ü`o "Grau
literature" Italian _Ü`o "Literature Grigia" Ago åhUVmV.
J«o {bQ>aoMabm \$ma _moR>m B{Vhmg d na§nam Zmhr. 13 d 14 Zmoìh|~a 1978
_Ü`o {~«Q>re J«§Wmb` d `wamo{n`Z g_mB©H$ g_yh `m§À`m g§`wº$ {dÚ_mZo EH$ n[afX
Am`mo{OV H$aÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr. `m n[afXo_Ü`o gdm©Zw_Vo Aer EH$ {dMmaYmam g§_V
Pmbr H$s, ê$T>_mJm©Zo àH$m{eV hmoUmè`m gm{hË`mì`{V[aº$ Agm§Ho${VH$arË`m ~aoM
_yë`dmZ gm{hË` {Z_m©U hmoV AgVo. Á`mda H$moUmMohr {Z`§ÌU ZgVo. Aem gm{hË`
àH$mambm J«o {bQ>aoMa Ago åhUVmV. `m n[afXoMr \$blwVr åhUOo SIGLE ({gJb)
System for Information in Grey Litreature Mr ñWmnZm hmo`. `wamo{n`Z Xoe
`m§Mo g^mgX AmhoV. ZoXab±S>_Yrb hoJ `oWo `mMo H$m`m©b` ñWmnZ H$aÊ`mV Ambo
Amho. àË`oH$ gXñ` amï´>r` Ho$ÝÐ AgyZ Ë`m XoemV SIGLE À`m H$m`m©b`mbm VËg§~Yr
_m{hVr H$idbr OmVo. SIGLE À`m S>Qo >m~og_Ü`o Aem [aVrZo gXñ` amï´m_Ü`o CnbãY
Agboë`m Xoem§_Ü`o J«o {bQ>aoMaMr A{YH¥$V Zm|X Ho$br OmVo. d BVa amï´>o g§JUH$mÀ`m
_mÜ`_mVyZ Vr {_idy eH$VmV. JaOoZwgma Poam°Šg àV, Am§Va J«§Wmb`rZ XodKod,
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 33
Am°ZbmB©Z dm VËg_ à{H«$`oÛmam A{YH¥$V _yë` MwH$Vo H$ê$Z gXñ` amï´>mVrb Ho$ÝÐo
Zm|XUrH¥$V J«o {bQ>aoMaMr àV {_idy eH$VmV.
J«o {bQ>aoMaMr ì`már
J«o {bQ>aoMaMr ì`már \$ma _moR>r Amho. gÜ`mÀ`m ñnYm©Ë_H$ `wJmV {d{dY joÌm§V
H$m_ H$aUmè`m§Zm AÚ`mdV d Zo_H$s AMyH$ _m{hVr {_idUo AË`mdí`H$ ~Zbo
Amho. Ë`m{edm` `m ñnYm©Ë_H$ `wJmV {Q>H$md bmJUo H$R>rU Amho d `mM A§er hr
JaO J«o {bQ>aoMaÛmao nyU© hmoD$ eH$Vo. J«o {bQ>aoMa_Ü`o ì`º$ Ho$bobo {dMma AZoH$Xm
_ybJm_r ñdê$nmMo AgVmV. EImXm {d{eï> àH$ma d Ë`m_Yrb {dMma XwgarH$S>o Hw$R>ohr
CnbãY ZgVmo. Ë`mbm A{VCƒ XOm©Mo kmZ_yë` AgVo. Ë`m doiobm Xwgè`m Hw$R>ë`mhr
n`m©`mMm {dMma hmoD$M eH$V Zmhr. `m Ñï>rZo J«o {bQ>aoMabm AZÝ`gmYmaU _hÎd
Amho.
J«§Wmb` hr EH$ gm_m{OH$ g§ñWm Amho. gÜ`mÀ`m AmYw{ZH$ `wJmV kmZmda
AmYm[aV g_mO ì`dñWm hm EH$ _hÎdmMm KQ>H$ ~Zbm Amho. g_mOmVrb d n`m©`mZo
XoemVrb gd©M joÌm§V àJVr hmoD$ Úm`Mr Agob Va gmVË`mZo {d{dY {df`m§darb
AÚ`mdV _m{hVrMm doY KoUo d Ë`m§Mm `mo½` dmna H$aUo JaOoMo ~Zbo Amho. nma§n[aH$
nÕVrnojm Anma§n[aH$ nÕVrZo kmZmMm ómoV A{daVnUo Mmby Amho. AmO {Z_m©U
hmoUmar _m{hVr Xwgè`m {Xder OwZr Pmbobr AgVo. Ë`m_wio J«o {bQ>aM
o abm AZÝ`gmYmaU
_hÎd Amho. nma§narH$ J«§Wg_yhmÀ`m OmoS>rbm J«o {bQ>aoMa_m\©$V hmoUmè`m _m{hVrMo
{dVaU OéarMo Amho.
J«o {bQ>aoMa~m~V "The Unsung Hero, The Foot Solider, The
Foundation of the Building" Agohr åhQ>bo OmVo.
7)
`m gm{hË` àH$mam_YyZ M{M©bo OmUmao gm{hË` ZdrZV_ d Amgnmg ~XbV
OmUmè`m KQ>ZmH«$_m§Mm doY KoUmao AgVmV.
8) ~aoMXm à`moJemioV, g§ñWoV `mMr {Z{_©Vr hmoV.o VodT>çm _wXVrM Ë`mMr CnbãYVm
_`m©{XV amhVo.
9) Ago gm{hË` JwUmË_H$ÑîQ>çm XO}Xma Agbo Var g§»`mË_H$ÑîQ>çm Vo AË`ënM
AgVo.
10) Ago gm{hË` AmoiIUo, g§J«h H$aUo d dmna H$aUo `m_Ü`o AS>MUr `oVmV.
J«o {bQ>aoMaMr d¡{eï>ço nmhVm nyU©nUo _m{hVr, àgmaUm_Ü`o `mo½` Vr _XV `m
_mÜ`_mÛmao hmoV Zmhr. gd©gm_mÝ`nUo `m gm{hË`mMm {dMma H$aVm J«o {bQ>aoMa~Ôb
AZwËgwH$Vm, _`m©[XV {dVaH$Vm d CnmO©ZmVrb AS>MUr `m d BVa AZoH$ H$maUm§Zr
J«§Wnmbm§À`m Ñ{ï>H$moZmVyZ J«o {bQ>aoMaMo _hÎd H$_r boIbo OmVo. Ë`m_wio Xoem§Mm
gdmªJrU {dH$mg hmoÊ`mV {Xa§JmB© hmoVo.
`m gd© KQ>H$m§Mm {dMma H$ê$Z J«o {bQ>aoMaÀ`m gm{hË`m_Ü`o AmH$f©H$Vm {Z_m©U
H$ê$Z Oa Vo g_mOm_Ü`o nga{dbo, Va XoemMm gmdmªJrU {dH$mg hmoÊ`mg doi bmJUma
Zmhr. J«o {bQ>aoMa~Ôb g_mO_Ü`o J«§Wmb`m§Zr OmJê$H$Vm {Z_m©U Ho$br nm{hOo.
J«o {bQ>aoMaMo àH$ma
1.
J«o {bQ>aoMaMr d¡{eîQ>ço
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
ho gm{hË` Ag_ÝdofH$ (Unexploted) Amho.
ho gm{hË` nwñVH$ {dH«o$Ë`mH$S>o gwb^VoZo CnbãY hmoV Zmhr.
`m gm{hË`mda gyMr` {Z`§ÌU Zmhr.
`m gm{hË`mMo {ZpíMV ñdê$nmV dJuH$aU H$aVm `oV Zmhr.
`m gm{hË` {df`mMo Vnerb, CnbãYVm OmUyZ KoÊ`mgmR>r {deof à`ËZ H$amdo
bmJVmV.
EH$mM VèhoÀ`m ~mø ñdê$nmV Vo H$m`_ñdê$nr amhrb `mMr emídVr Zmhr.
qH$~hþZm ~XbVo ñdê$n hmM Ë`mMm ñWm{`^md Amho.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 34
2.
3.
4.
Reports
- Comittee Reports
- Pre Prints
- Preliminary Progress & Advanced Reports
- Institutional Reports
- Internal Reports
- Technical Reports
- Statistical Reports
- Research Memoranda
- State of the Art Report
- Market Research Report
- Report of Commission & Study Group
- Occsassional Report
- Annual Report
Thesis
Conference Processing
Technical Specification & Standards
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 35
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
Translations (Not Distributed Commercially)
Bibliographies
Technical & Commercial Documentation (e.g. Space Shuttle)
Official Documents
Government Documents
Business Document
Fact Sheet
Standards
Patents
Working Paper
News Letters
White Papers
Symposia (caca-a)
Bulletins
Statastical Data
Training Material
Pamphlet
Personal Correspondence
Unpublished Works
J«o {bQ>aoMaMo _hÎd
OJmVrb hmoUmè`m emór` d V§ÌkmZmVrb g§emoYZm_Ü`o ^maVmMm {Vgam Z§~a
bmJVmo. gÚm ^maVm_Ü`o 2900 hÿZ A{YH$ g§emoYZ d àJVr Ho$ÝÐmVyZ g§emoYZ Mmby
AgVo. `mVrb àË`oH$ g§ñWoÀ`m doJdoJù`m à`moJemim AmhoV. `m_Ü`o 310 {dÚmnrR>o
73,000 hÿZ A{YH$ {ejH$ 60, 516 hÿZ A{YH$ g§emoYH$ 8,16,355 hÿZ
A{YH$ nXì`wÎma d 78,62,588 hyZ A{YH$ nXdrYa AmhoV. 50 H$amoS> hÿZ A{YH$
a¸$_ hr g§emoYZmdaVr IM© Ho$br OmVo. ^maVmVrb 3000 Vo 4000 Xj g§emoYH$
Amnbo g§emoYZ XoemVrb ~hþg§»` à`moJemim§_YyZ H$aVmV. Aem g§ñWm§_YyZ Vo gVV
Mmby AgUmè`m g§emoYZmVyZ ZdrZ `oUè`m g§H$ënZm, emoY, H$ënZm, {dMma, A§VJ©V
g§emoYZ àH$m{eV H$aV AgVmV. n«{gÕ hmoUmar _m{hVr ^anya _hÎdmMr AgVo.
{ZarjUo VgoM g§emoYZmVyZ {ZKUmar R>iH$ _m{hVrhr {_iV AgVo. hr à{gÕ
hmoUmar àH$meZo hr \$º$ `m g§ñWmM àH$m{eV H$aV AgVmV. AÝ`Ì H$moRy>Zhr Aem
àH$maMr _m{hVr n«gm[aV hmoV Zmhr.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 36
J«o {bQ>aoMa_wio g§emoYH$m§Zm g§emoYZmVrb àË`oH$ KQ>H$mdarb _m{hVr {_iVo.
`mMm àMma d àgma ObX JVrZo J«m_rU d ehar ^mJm_Ü`o d _mJmgboë`m KQ>H$m§_Ü`ohr
hmoVmo. J«o {bQ>aoMa ho _m{hVr {_i{dÊ`mMo _hÎdmMo gmYZ Amho. ho gm{hË` {dÛmZ
bmoH$m§Zr à{gÕ Ho$bobo ZgyZ g§emoYH$m§Zr d à{ejUmWvZr VmpÎdH$ à`moJmA§Vr à{gÕ
Ho$bobo gm{hË` AgVo. ho gm{hË` bdH$a àH$m{eV d àgm[aV hmoVo. VgoM ^m¡Jmo{bH$
_`m©Xm Z `oVm BVa gm{hË`mnojm {dñV¥VnUo àH$m{eV hmoVo.
J«o {bQ>aM
o a_YyZ gd© {d^mJm§Vrb kmZ {dV[aV hmoV AgVo. doJdoJù`m àdmhm§Vrb
bmoH$m§Zm, g§emoYH$m§Zm `m§À`m_m\©$V kmZ àmá hmoV AgVo. gd© emIm§_Yrb g§emoYH$
VgoM gd© {Z`moOZH$V} gd© nm°{bgr {Z_m©U H$aVmV, gd© g„monXoeH$ d gd© {ejU
joÌmVrb VÁkgwÕm ~Xbm~m~V AÚ`mdV AgVmV. J«o {bQ>aoMaMo boIH$ qH$dm
gm_wXm{`H$ g§ñWm gXaMo ~Xb {ZX}eZmg AmUwZ XoVmV. _{hVrÀ`m ObX àgmaUm_Ü`o
àmW{_H$ g§~§Y XmohmoMmhr Amho. EH$ Va J«o {bQ>aoMaMo {Z_m©UH$V} d dmnaH$V} Ë`m_wio
VmOr _m{hVr gVV àgm[aV hmoV AgVo. CËnmXH$, ì`dñWmnH$, Cn`moJH$Vm© `m§Mo
_mÜ`_mVyZ J«o {bQ>aoMaMr Cn`wº$Vm {XgyZ `oVo.
Mmby H$mim_Ü`o àgm[aV hmoUmao ^anya boI ho B§Q>aZoQ>daVrM àgm[aV hmoVmV.
H$maU Ë`mMr B§Q>aZoQ>dê$Z _m{hVr emoYUo \$ma gmono Pmbo Amho. do~ A°S´>og _mhrV
Agob Va qH$dm _m{hVr gM© H$ê$Z emoYVm `oVo. Ë`m_wio XwX}dmZo _w{ÐV J«o àH$meZo
VgoM H$mhr BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ S>m°Š`w_|Q> emoYUo AdKS> Pmbo Amho.
J«o {bQ>aoMa H$ba H$moS>
J«o {bQ>aoMa AmoiIÊ`mMo H$mhr H$ba H$moS> AmhoV.
1) B§{O{Z`atJ S´>m°Bª½O d Am{H©$Q>oŠQ> ßb°ÝggmR>r {Zù`m a§JmMo {àÝQ>g² dmnaVmV.
2) Q>o{b\$moZ {S>aoŠQ>ar_Yrb Om{hamVr, àm°S>ŠQ> d gìhugoggmR>r Oo noO dmnabo
OmVo Ë`mbm `bmo noOog åhUVmV.
3) ghH$mar ImË`m_Yrb àH$m{eV hmoUmao gd© gm{hË` ho ìhmBQ> nonadaVr àH$m{eV
hmoVo.
J«o {bQ>aM
o aMo gm{hË`gwÕm doJdoJù`m àH$mam§_Ü`o {d^mJbo Amho. `m_Ü`o AmH$ma,
{df` aMZm AZwHy$b AmhoV. `m_Yrb {deof åhUOo Black & White `m XmoZ
KQ>H$mdaVr J«o {bQ>aoMaMo àH$ma AmhoV.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 37
qnH$ {bQ>aoMa (Pink Literature)
J«o {bQ>aoMa {dñVmamMo KQ>H$
EH$Xm _m{hVr àgm[aV Pmbr H$s Vr _m{hVr Black Literature Amho AWdm
White Literature Amho ho H$moUr nmhV Zmhr. _m{hVr {dV[aV hmoV AgVmZm \$º$
_m{hVr_Yrb VwbZm, g§ajU, ñdmV§Í` d dJuH$aU, `m§_Ü`o \$aH$ H$aVm `mdm `mgmR>r
H$baMm dmna AgVmo. CËnÞ hmoUmar _m{hVr AWdm gm{hË` OÝ_OmVM aoS> AWdm
ìhmB©Q> ZgVo. qnH$ boQ>aoMa {d^mJmMr gwédmV ZwH$VrM Pmbobr Amho. _m{hVrÀ`m
CnO©ZmVrb {Z_m©U hmoUmè`m AS>MUr Xya H$aÊ`mgmR>r qnH$ {bQ>aoMaMr {Z{_©Vr
Ho$bobr AgVo.
1)
2)
3)
Grey {bQ>aoMa d White {bQ>aoMa `m§_Yrb \$aH$
J«o {bQ>aM
o a àH$m{eV H$aUmè`m g§ñWm
Criterion
Grey
White
Relative Volume
Increasing
Decreasing
Speed of Production High
& Delivery
Low
Cost of Information
Low, Decreasing
High, Increasing
Acessbility
Limited, Restricted Global, Unrestricted
Quality Control
To be provided by Organised through
Innovative Tech
Traditional Preview
Process
Long Term archiving Problematic due to Problematic due to
volume and
legal restrictions and
Technological
Technological ageing
ageing
Role of libraries
Loss of traditional Limited by legal
role, opportunities restrictions
for new services
Role of Publisher
Marginal, Limited
to support
functions
Diminishing
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 38
gVV hmoUmar kmZ~wÕr
Z¸$b H$aÊ`mÀ`m AmYw{ZH$ nÕVr
Xya g§^mfU
gVV àH$m{eV hmoUmè`m J«o {bQ>aoMa_wio Vo gmXa H$aÊ`mgmR>r J«§Wnmbm§Zm,
_m{hVr A{YH$mè`m§Zm, XñVEodO {deofkm§Zm AZoH$ AS>MUr `oV AmhoV. `m_Ü`o
dmMH$, Cn^moºo$ d BVa bmoH$m§Zm Ë`mÀ`m~Ôb _m{hVr XoUo AdKS> Pmbo Amho, H$maU
ho gVV àH$m{eV hmoUmao gm{hË` Zmhr.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
Association
Churches
Libraries
Museums
Educational Establishments
Federations
Government Departments
Institutions
Laboratories
Pressure Group
Private Publisher
Research Establishments
Societies
Trade Unions
Trusts
Universities
Corporations
Professional Organization
-
{dMma g§JV _§S>i
{¼ñVr XoD$i
J«W§ mb`o
g§Jh« mb`o
e¡j{UH$ AmñWmnZm
g§KQ>Zm
gaH$mar ImVr
g§ñWm
à`moJemim
Xdm~ g_yh
ImOJr àH$meH$
g§emoYZ AñWmnZm
g§ñWm
ì`mdgm{`H$/CÚmoJ g§KQ>Zm
Ý`mg
{dÚmnrR>o
_hmZJanm{bH$m
ì`mdgm{`H$ g§ñWm
VgoM Ago H$mhr àH$meZ g§ñWm H°$Q>bm°J à{gÕ H$aV AgVmV. VgoM H$mhr
g§ñWm Am_§ÌU nÌ N>mnyZ H$boŠeZ g|Q>abm ^oQ> XoÊ`mgmR>rhr à{gÕ H$aV AgVmV.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 39
J«o {bQ>aoMaMo H$mhr ZdrZ KQ>H$
g§emoYZm_Ü`o AWdm H$moUË`mhr KQ>Zo_Ü`o _m{hVr `mo½` doir d `mo½` _m{hVr
{_idUo JaOoMo AgVo. OJm_Ü`o CnbãY Agboë`m _m{hVr_YyZ `mo½` Vr _m{hVr
emoYyZ H$mT>mdr bmJVo. 1960 À`m Xaå`mZ J«o {bQ>aoMaÀ`m gm{hË`mMr AmoiI d
Vm{bH$sH$aU d Q>oŠZrH$b [anmoQ>© H$aUo AdKS> hmoVo. `m§À`mVrb J«o {bQ>aoMaÀ`m
ZdrZ AdVmam_wio Vo emoYyZ H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r H$mhr ZdrZ KQ>H$ Imbrbà_mUo1) LIST SERVs, 2) Bulletin Boards, 3) FTP sites, 4) Know
bots, 5) Government Information Locators (GILS), 6) Gopher servs,
7) Word Wide Web, 8) Veronics
darb KQ>H$mÛmao J«o {bQ>aM
o a_Yrb `oUmè`m ZdrZ _mÜ`_mMm emoY KoUo VgoM
gyMr` {Z`§ÌU R>do Uo eŠ` Pmbo Amho. àË`oH$ {df`mVrb {ZKUmao J«o {bQ>aM
o a à{gÕ
hmoD$Z dmMH$mn`ªV `oÊ`mgmR>r Omo doi bmJVmo. Ë`mÀ`m EodOr B§Q>aZoQ>ÛmaoM àH$m{eV
Ho$bo OmVo. àË`oH$ {df`mVrb ^anya do~gmB©Q> AmhoV. Á`mÛmao doJdoJio J«o {bQ>aoMa
àgm[aV hmoV AgVo. CXmhaUmW©,
1) Book Shops, 2) Exhibition, 3) Professional Friend,
4) Colleagues, 5) The advertisement in the mass media & Technical
Literature, 6) Form of Reviews
1)
2)
3)
àJV dmnaH$Ë`m©bm Imbrb Jmoï>tMr AmoiI H$ê$Z XoU.o
_m{hVr nÕVr à_wIËdmZo àH$m{eV H$aUmao J«o {bQ>aM
o a
gwMtMr gyMr d gma {Z`VH$m{bHo$ àH$m{eV H$aUmao J«o {bQ>aM
o a
J«o {bQ>aoMaMo {deof àH$ma
CXmhaUmW© , Reports, Conference Literature, Business
_mÜ`_mnojm _m{hVrMo {dñVmaU ObX hmoV AgVo. AmYw{ZH$ H$mimV _m{hVr {_idUo
d àgma H$aÊ`mH$arVm "J«o {bQ>aoMa' hr _hÎdmMr ^y{_H$m ~OmdV Amho.
g§X^©
1.
Tella, R. D. Page No. 4, Access Use of Grey Literature in
Social Science, New Delhi, Ess Ess Publication.
2.
S>m°. gm¡. JmoIbo, à{V^m, n¥ð> H«$. 31, kmZJ§JmoÌr … gßQ>|.-Am°ŠQ>mo.-Zmoìh|.
2001, J«o {bQ>aoMa, Zm{eH$
3.
Information World Review, 1996, What is Grey Literature ?
(Online) Available From http://info.learned.co.uk/li/newswire/
196.html
4.
Manus, T.F. 1996, Grey Literature ? (Online) Avaliable From
http://www.greynet.orgpages/3/index.html Grey Literature?
(Online) Available from http://www.greynet.orgpages/
3index.html www.lib.gla.ac.uk/wlcome/jargon.html
5.
Dahibhate, N. B., 2005-06, Grey literature Concepts, Scope
& Bibliographic organization Unpublished dissertation,
University of Pune, India.
6.
gmZo, ^m. O., 2000, n¥ð> H«$. 16, J«§Wmb` _m{hVr, g§JUH${df`H$ n[a^mfm
H$moe B§p½be _amR>r, nwUo, `w{Zìhg©b àH$meZ.
7.
Tella, R. D., 2006, Page No. 37-38, Access Use of Grey
Literature in Social Science, New Delhi, Ess Ess Publication.
8.
Tripathi, Manorama, 2006, Open Access to Grey Literature :
Challenges & Oppourtunities at the Banars Hindu University
in India, Grey Journal, Vol. No. 2.
9.
Owen, J. M. (1997), The Expending of horizon of Grey
Literature in Proceeding of the 3rd Internatinal Conference
on Grey Literature Amsterdam : Transatlantic.
Documents, Patenrts, etc.
`m_YyZ dmnaH$Vm© R>adob H$s H$moUË`m gmYZmMm dmna H$ê$Z _m{hVrMm dmna
J«o {bQ>aoMa d A°Šgog H$ê$ eHo$b.
gmam§e
J«§Wmb`m_Ü`o BVa _m{hVr òmoVmà_mUo "J«o {bQ>aoMa' hohr _m{hVr àgmaUmMo
òmoV Amho. {dÚmÏ`m©À`m e¡j{UH$ H$m_mV Cn`moJ, [agM©/[agM© nona_Ü`o Cn`moJ,
d¡ÚH$s` joÌmVrb _m{hVr ZdrZ bmJUmè`m `m g§emoYZmg§~§Yr _m{hVr VgoM _mZHo$
hr d BVa _m{hVr {_i{dÊ`mgmR>r J«o {bQ>aoMaMm dmna Ho$bm OmVmo. nma§n[aH$
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 40
10. Augar, Charles, P., 1989, Page No. 177, Information Sources
in Grey Literature, London, Bowker, Saur
11.
Posnett, N. W., 1984, Page No. 275, Factors, Affecting the
accessibility of non conventional literature for use the united
kingdom & some possible solutions, United Kingdom.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 41
12. Vilma, Alberani, B. A. 1985, The use of Grey Literature in
health Science : A Primary Survey, Unpublished Dissertation,
Bull Med Lib Association, Rome.
J«W
§ mb` Am{U _m{hVrómoV H|$ÐmMo _yë`_mnZ
H$aVmZm {dMmamV ¿`md`mMo {ZH$f
13. Wood, D. N., 1984, Collection, Bibliographical Control Access,
IFLA Journal, Vol. 10(3) 278-283 p.
lr_Vr ZrVm nm§S>aw J§ nmQ>rb
J«W§ nmb, {ddoH$mZ§X _hm{dÚmb`, H$moëhmnya
Email : neetapatil100@gmail.com
S>m.° Z{_Vm ~m~mgmho~ ImoV
{dÚmnrR> J«W§ nmb, {edmOr {dÚmnrR,> H$moëhmnya
Email : nbk.ul@unishivaji.ac.in
J«W§ mb` Am{U _m{hVrómoV H|$ÐmMo _yë`_mnZ H$aUo hr AmO
H$mimMr JaO ~Zbr Amho. J«W§ mb`m§À`m C{Ôï>mÀ§ `m g§X^m©V Am{U
_mÝ`Vmàmá n[aUm_m§À`m AmYmao J«§Wmb`mVrb `moOZm Am{U
CnH«$_ `m§Mo _yë`_mnZ H$amdo bmJVo. J«W§ mb` Am{U _m{hVrómoV
H|$ÐmMo _yë`_mnZ H$aVmZm H$moUVo {ZH$f {dMmamV ¿`mdo bmJVmV
`mMr MMm© gXa boImV Ho$br Amho.
Key Words : _yë`_mnZ, J«§Wg§J«hmÀ`m _yë`_mnZmMo {ZH$f, godm§Mo
_yë`_mnZ, g§JUH$sH$aUmMo _yë`_mnZ, dmMH$m§Mo _yë`_mnZ, _yë`_mnZmMo gyÌ
Z°H$Mr loUr, Z°H$Zo J«§Wmb`mg§§~Yr R>adbobr gyÌo
1) àñVmdZm
ì`dñWmnZemómVrb _hÎdmMm ^mJ åhUOo g§ñWoMo, {VÀ`m H$m`m©Mo Am{U Vr
XoV Agboë`m godm§Mo _yë`_mnZ. _yë`_mnZmMo gd©gmYmaU C{Ôï> g§ñWm `mo½` _mJm©da
Amho H$s Zmhr ho nmhUo, Zgë`mg Vr H$moR>o H$_r nS>V Amho `mMm emoY KoUo Am{U
doioda `mo½` Ë`m Cnm``moOZm H$aUo hr AmhoV.
J«§Wmb`m§À`m C{Ôï>m§À`m g§X^m©V Am{U _mÝ`Vmàmá n[aUm_m§À`m AmYmao
J«§Wmb`mVrb `moOZm Am{U CnH«$_ `m§Mo _yë`_mnZ, _yë`_mnZmMo gd©gmYmaU C{Ôï>
g§ñWm `mo½` _mJm©da Amho H$s Zmhr ho nmhUo, Vgo Zgë`mg Vr H$moR>o H$_r nS>V Amho
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 42
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 43
`mMm emoY KoUo Am{U doioda `mo½` Ë`m Cnm``moOZm H$aUo hr AmhoV.
J«§Wmb`m§À`m C{Ôï>m§À`m g§X^m©V Am{U _mÝ`Vmàmá n[aUm_m§À`m AmYmao
J«§Wmb`mVrb `moOZm Am{U CnH«$_ `m§Mo _yë`_mnZ H$amdo bmJV AgVo. _yë`_mnZmV
J«§Wmb`mZo hmVr KoVboë`m EImÚm ZmdrÝ`nyU© CnH«$_mV {H$Vr àJVr Ho$br Amho, ho
Am{U J«§Wmb` Ë`mÛmao C{Ôï>nyVuÀ`m {H$Vr Odi Ambo Amho AWdm AOyZ C{Ôï>nyVu
{H$Vr Xya Amho `mMo n[aUm_m§À`m gmhmæ`mZo _moO_mn Ho$bo OmVo. b°H°$ñQ>a `m§Zr
_yë`_mnZmMo VrZ àH$ma ñnï> Ho$bo AmhoV.
1) gd©gmYmaU n[aUm_H$maH$
2) `oUmam IM© Am{U n[aUm_H$maH$Vm
3) IM© Am{U Ë`mnmgyZ {_iUmao \$`Xo
2)
Am) J«§Wmb`m§À`m godm§Mo _yë`_mnZ
1) XodKod
2) g§X^©godm
3) _m{hVr godm
4) dJuH$aU d Vm{bH$sH$aU gj_Vm
5) J«§Wg§J«hmMr JwUdÎmm
6) J«§WCnmO©ZmMr YmoaUo
3) J«§Wg§J«hmMo _yë`_mnZ
J«§Wmb` godm XoÊ`mg J«§Wg§J«h hr nm`m^yV Jmoï> Amho. J«§Wg§J«h `m g§koV BVa
dmMZgm{hË`mMmhr g_mdoe hmoVmo.
J«W
§ mb` _yë`_mnZ g§H$ënZm
1)
g§ñWm {Z_m©U H$aÊ`m_mJrb _yi hoVy Ë`mH$[aVm {Z_m©U Ho$boë`m gmYZm§Mm
`mo½` dmna H$ê$Z gmÜ` hmoV AmhoV H$s Zmhr `mMr emór` nÕVrZo R>amdrH$
H$mbm§VamZo nmhUr H$aUo d Ë`mV H$mhr ÌwQ>r AmT>ië`mg Ë`mda Cnm``moOZm
gwM{dUo `m à{H«$`og _yë`_mnZ åhUVmV.
2) J«§Wmb`mV `moOZm d H$m`©H«$_ `m§Mm CÔoe àmá H$aÊ`mgmR>r Am{U Ë`m§À`m
`emMm qH$dm An`emMm nÕVera nwamdm {_idÊ`mgmR>r Ho$bm OmUmam Aä`mg
åhUOo _yë`_mnZ hmo`.
_yë`_mnZmMo C{Ôï>, g§ñWm `mo½` [aVrZo Mmbmdr d gX¡d àJVrÀ`m _mJm©da
Agmdr ho Amho. J«§Wmb`mÀ`m g§X^m©V _yë`_mnZmMr g§H$ënZm hr àW_ _m{hVr
à[VàmárÀ`m V§Ìm~m~V Ambr. dJuH$aU, Vm{bH$rH$aU, gyMrH$aU B. AZoH$
à{VàmárÀ`m V§Ìm§Mr gj_Vm VnmgÊ`mH$[aVm _yë`_mnZmMr H$ënZm nwT>o Ambr.
J«§Wmb`mMo _yë`_mnZ
1) T>mo~i _yë`_mnZ
1) JǤWmb`rZ godm H$er XoVmV
2) J«§Wmb`mMo H$m`©
3) JǤWmb`mH$Sy>Z g_mOmg `moJXmZ
2) gImob _yë`_mnZ
A) J«§Wmb`m§Mo ì`dñWmnZ
1) JǤWIaoXr
2) J«§WCnñH$ma
3) JǤWXoI^mb
4) H$_©Mmar dJ©
5) J«§Wmb`m§Mo Am{W©H$ _yë`_mnZ
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 44
J«W
§ g§Jh« mÀ`m _yë`_mnZmMo {ZH$f
1) J«§Wm§Mr g§»`m
2) kmZmÀ`m gd© joÌm§da dmMZ gm{hË`
3) AÚ`mdVnUm
4) J«§WIaoXrMo dm{f©H$ A§XmOnÌH$
5) J«§Wm§Mo ñdê$n
6) _mÝ`da g§emoYH$m§Mm J«§Wg§J«h
7) _mÝ`da boIH$m§Mr hñV{b{IVo
8) _mV¥gñ§ WoMr gd© àH$maMr àH$meZo
9) Xw{_©i N>m`m{MÌo
10) Üd{Z_w{ÐH$m
11) Xw{_©i J«§W
3.1 J«§Wm§Mr g§»`m
J«§Wm§Mr g§»`m ho J«§Wg§J«hmMo EH$ d¡{eîQ>ç Amho. J«§Wg§J«h OodT>m OmñV VodT>o
J«§Wmb`mMo _yë` OmñV.
3.2 kmZmÀ`m gd© joÌm§da dmMZgm{hË`
kmZmÀ`m gd© joÌm§da dmMZgm{hË` AgUo ho gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`m§Mo gwbjU
Va {nV¥g§ñWobm _hÎdmÀ`m Agboë`m {df`m§da 75 Q>¸o$, AZwf§{JH$ {df`mda 20 Q>¸o$
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 45
Am{U BVa {df`m§da 5 Q>¸o$ Ago à_mU AmXe© Amho. CXmhaUmW©,
1) gd©_mÝ` Pmbobo AmÚJ«§W
2) Ë`m Ë`m joÌVrb gwà{gÕ ì`º$s¨Zr {b{hbobo gd© Ym{_©H$ J«§W - ^JdVJrVm,
kmZoídar
3) Ë`m Ë`m joÌmVrb gwà{gÕ g§ñWm§Zr àñVwV Ho$bobo àH$m{eV d AàH$m{eV gm{hË`
4) g§~§{YV Xoem§Zr, Ë`m§À`m gaH$maZo à{gÕ Ho$bobo gm{hË`
5) {Z`VH$m{bH$ {d^mJmV - gwg§ñH¥$V dmMH$ gX¡d dmMVmV Aer gd©gmYmaU
gmám{hHo$, nm{jHo$ dm _m{gHo$, AJ«JÊ` _mZbr Jobobr {Z`VH$m{bHo$.
6) _mÝ`da g§ñWm§Zr _mÝ` Ho$bobr {Z`VH$m{bHo$
7) AÚ`mdV _m{hVr nwa{dUmao Ë`m Ë`m {df`mVrb {Z`VH$m{bHo$
CXmhaUmW©, {ejU joÌmer g§~§{YV - {ejU g§H«$_U - OrdZ {ejU
8) kmZH$moe, eãXH$moe, dm{f©Ho$
9) BVa dmMZgm{hË` - ZH$meo, Vm§{ÌH$ Ahdmb, d{Hª$J nong©, noQ>§Q> _mZHo$,
Xmobm_w{ÐVo `m§Mo à_mU d `m§Mr CnbãYVm Am{U AÚ`mdVVm
10) A_w{ÐV g§J«hm_Ü`o {MÌ{\$Vr, Üd{Z{\$Vr, gyú_{\$Vr
3.9 Xw{_©i N>m`m{MÌo Üd{Z_w{ÐH$m
Xw{_©i N>m`m{MÌo, Üd{Z_w{ÐH$m `mM~amo~a AË`§V Xw{_©i Ago J«§Whr g§J«hmV
AgUo ho J«§Wg§J«hmÀ`m Cƒ XOm©Mo n¡by AmhoV.
4) J«W
§ mb`rZ godm§Mo _yë`_mnZ
1) godm§Mr g§»`m Am{U ì`már
4) d¡{eîQ>çnyU© godm§Mr CnbãYVm
{ZH$f
2) godm§Mr JwUdÎmm
3) godm§Mr _mV¥gñ§ WoÀ`m H$m`m©er gwg~§ ÕVm
4.1 godm§Mr g§»`m Am{U ì`már
3.3 AÚ`mdVnUm
J«§Wmb`mV AgUmam J«§Wg§J«h AÚ`mdV AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho.
3.4 J«§WIaoXrMo dm{f©H$ A§XmOnÌH$
J«§WIaoXrMo dm{f©H$ A§XmOnÌH$ {H$Vr Amho d {H$Vr J«§W Xadfu IaoXr Ho$bo
OmVmV H$m Vo nmhUo
3.5 J«§Wm§Mo ñdê$n
J«§Wmb`mV J«§W H$moUË`m ñdê$nmMo {dH$V KoVbo OmVmV Vo nmhUo.
3.6 _mÝ`da g§emoYH$m§Mm J«§Wg§J«h
3.7 _mÝ`da boIH$m§Mr hñV{b{IVo
J«§Wmb`mV _mÝ`da boIH$mMr hñV{b{IVo AgmdrV.
3.8 _mV¥g§ñWoMr àH$meZo
J«§Wmb`mV _mV¥g§ñWoMr gd© àH$maMr àH$meZo AgmdrV.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 46
J«W§ mb`mV XodKod, dmMZH$j, _wº$Ûma nÕVr, g§X^©gdo m, _m{hVrgodm, ^mfm§Va
godm, Poam°Šg godm, Am°ZbmB©Z godm, ^mfm§Va godm, ao\$eZ, {ZXe©Zo, gmagodm, B.
àM{bV godm CnbãY Agë`m nm{hOoV. Ë`mM~amo~a A{YH$m{YH$ godm dmMH$m§Zm
CnbãY H$ê$Z XoUo ho J«§Wmb`mZo Ü`o` _mZbo nm{hOo, H$maU J«§Wmb` hr godm^mdr
g§ñWm Amho. Ë`mM~amo~a godm§Mr ì`már A{YH$m{YH$ dmT>Vr amhUo Amdí`H$ Amho.
gd© àH$maÀ`m dmMH$m§Zm Cn`moJr nS>Vrb Ago godm§Mo ñdê$n Agbo nm{hOo. Ë`mMà_mUo
J«§Wmb`mVrb g§nyU© J«§Wg§J«hmMm dmMH$ H$gm Cn`moJ H$aVrb `mMohr AdYmZ godm
XoVmZm Agbo nm{hOo.
J«§Wmb` godm XoVmZm dmMH$m§Mo BVahr JQ> bjmV R>odbo nm{hOo. CXmhaUmW©,
_{hbm JQ>, bhmZ _wbo, Á`oð> ZmJ[aH$, Zdgmja _{hbm, An§J `mM~amo~a gmd©O{ZH$
J«§Wmb`mZo `oD$ Z eH$Umè`m dmMH$m§gmR>rhr (é½U, H¡$Xr, _{V_§X A{Vd¥Õr) godm
Am`mo{OV Ho$ë`m nm{hOoV.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 47
4.2 godm§Mr JwUdÎmm
H$m`©j_Vm
gw`mo½` dmMZ H$j
{ZH$f
AÚ`mdVVm
ì`mnH$Vm
1) H$m`©j_Vm
dmMH$m§Zm godm ZwgË`m XoD$Z MmbUma ZmhrV, Va Ë`m CÎm_, Cƒ JwUdÎmoÀ`m
Agmì`mV.dmMH$m§Zm VËnaVoZo d XO}Xma godm {Xë`m nm{hOoV. dmMH$m§Zm godm XoVmZm
Ë`m nyU© j_VoZo {Xë`m nm{hOoV.
2) AÚ`mdVVm
_m{hVrMm àM§S> à_mUmV gmR>m Amho. `m gmR>çmVyZ dmMH$m§Zm AÚ`mdV
VmOr _m{hVr {_imbr nm{hOo.
3) ì`mnH$Vm
_m{hVr godm nwa{dÊ`mH$[aVm EImXm S>oQ>m~og {dH$V ¿`m`Mm Agob Va Ë`mMr
ì`már {H$Vr Amho `m Jmoï>rMm {dMma H$amdm bmJVmo.
CXm. ì`m»`mZo, n[ag§dmX, MMm©, J«§Wmb`mer {ZJ{S>V gm§ñH¥${VH$ H$m`©H«$_
ñnYm©, B. {dH$mgmÀ`m `m H$m`m©g_doVM X¡Z§{XZ OrdZmV AË`mdí`H$ _m{hVr nwa{dUo,
g_mOà~moYZmg Amdí`H$ Agbobr {^{ÎmnÌHo$, \$bH$boIZ B. H$m`©H«$_ H$aUo Aem
godm gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb` XoV Amho H$m ho nmhÿZM Ë`m§Mo _yë`_mnZ H$aVm `oVo. BVa
J«§Wmb`m§À`m godm AmIUo gmono AgVo. g§emoYZ g§ñWoV CÎm_ gy{Mgodm hdr. embo`
J«§Wmb`mV H$WmH$WZ godm hdr. e¡j{UH$ J«§Wmb`mV narjoÀ`m doir OmñVrV OmñV
doi J«§Wmb` CKS>o R>odÊ`mMr gmo` hdr.
4.4 d¡{eîQ>çnyU© godm
A{^Zd CnH«$_
1) am§Jmoir ñnYm©
2) d¥ÎmnÌm§À`m H$mÌUm§Mm g§J«h O_{dUo
3) J«§W emoYÊ`mgmR>r H$ënH$ ñdê$nmMr {MÌ_` gyMZm
4) ì`m»`mZo, MMm©gÌ Am`moOZ
5) {Z~§Y ñnYm©
6) {df`mZwgma gyMr CnbãY H$ê$Z XoUo
Aem àH$maÀ`m {H$Ë`oH$ CnH«$_m§Zr J«§Wmb`mV {Od§VnUm AmUVm `oVmo. J«§Wmb`
XoV Agboë`m godm§Mo _yë`_mnZ H$aVmZm Ë`m Aem àH$maÀ`m d¡{eîQ>çnyU© godm AmhoV
hm EH$ X§S>H$ R>aVmo.
5) _m{hVr godm§Mo _yë`_mnZ
4) gw`mo½` dmMZH$j
dmMZH$jmV ñdÀN>Vm AgUo, nwaogm àH$me AgUo, ~mhoarb AmdmOmMm Ìmg
Z hmoUo, dmMZ d boIZ ghO H$aVm `oB©b, Aem IwÀ`m© Q>o~b AgUo. d¡Mm[aH$
ñdê$nmMo AWdm g§emoYZmgmR>r H$amd`mMo dmMZ `mH$[aVm gwa{jV Aem OmJm AgUo.
Ë`mMà_mUo dmVmZwHy$bVoMr gmo` AgUo ho dmMZH$jmMr JwUdÎmm dmT>{dUmao KQ>H$
hmoV.
g_rH$aUo
g_n©H$Vm
{ZH$f
à{VgmX
4.3 godm§Mr _mV¥g§ñWoÀ`m H$m`m©er gwg§~ÕVm
J«§Wmb`mVrb godm _mV¥g§ñWoÀ`m {Z`mo{OV H$m`m©er gwg§~Õ Agbr nm{hOo.
gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`mÀ`m _mV¥g§ñWoMo åhUOoM g_mOmMo C{Ôï> \$ma ì`mnH$ AgVo.
gmd©O{ZH$ J«§Wmb`mZo Vo gmÜ` H$aÊ`mgmR>r J«§Wmb`mÀ`m Zoh_rÀ`m H$m`©H«$_m~amo~aM
A{V[aº$ H$m`©H«$_ am~{dbo nm{hOoV.
g§~ÕVm
_m{hVr godm§À`m _yë`_mnZm~m~V b°Ho$ñQ>a `m VÁkmZo Iyn g§emoYZ H$ê$Z
{bImU Ho$bo Amho. Ë`m_Ü`o à{VgmX (Recall), g§~ÕVm (Relevance) d g_n©H$Vm
(Precision) g§H$ënZm d Ë`m _moOÊ`mgmR>r àñVwV Ho$bobr g_rH$aUo ho _{hVr godm§À`m
_yë`_mnZmMo {ZH$f AmhoV.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 48
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 49
ho {ZH$f _m{hVr à{Vàmár g§~§YmnwaVo _`m©{XV AmhoV. g§nyU© _m{hVr godoÀ`m
_yë`_mnZmg AÚ`mdVVm, {Z`{_VVm ho {ZH$f bmdmdo bmJVmV.
Amnë`m XoemV VgoM naXoemV AZoH$ J«W§ mb` g§JUH$sH$aU Amkmdbr {dH${gV
Pmboë`m AmhoV d ZdZdrZ {dH${gV hmoV AmhoV.
Xoem§VJ©V {Z{_©V d Am§Vaamï´>r` ñVamda {Z{_©V CnbãY Amkmdbr nwT>rbà_mUo-
6) g§JUH$sH$aUmMo _yë`_mnZ
Xoem§VJ©V {Z{_©V CnbãY Amkmdbr
g§ JUH$mÀ`m AmJ_ZmZ§ Va J« § W mb`mMo g§ JUH$sH$aU AmoK mZoM Pmbo.
g§JUH$sH$aUmMm AmYw{ZH$sH$aUmer _oi KmVë`m_wio d gdmªZmM Amåhr _mJo Zmhr
ho XmI{dÊ`mMr Ah_h{_H$m Agë`m_wio Am{U Ë`mM~amo~a g§JUH$sH$aU hr gdm©Wm©Zo
H$R>rU ~m~ Agë`m_wio g§JUH$sH$aUmÀ`m _yë`_mnZmMr Amdí`H$Vm {Z_m©U Pmbr
Amho. g§JUH$mÀ`m _yë`_mnZmMr Amdí`H$Vm AemH$[aVm Amho H$s, g§nUy © g§JUH$sH$aU
H$aÊ`mgmR>r AOyZ {H$Vr dmQ>Mmb H$amd`mMr Amho `mMm A§XmO J«§Wnmbmg `mdm.
Ë`mM~amo~a g§JUH$sH$aUmMm godm§er g§~§Y Agë`m_wio J«§Wmb` godm§Mm XOm©
R>a{dÊ`mÀ`m H$m_mV g§JUH$sH$aU hm EH$ _hÎdmMm ^mJ R>aVmo.
1) `§ÌmMr CnbãYr, Ë`m§Mr AÚ`mdVVm d Ë`m§Mr XoI^mb
2) g§JUH$ àUmbrMr CnbãYVm, AÚ`mdVVm Am{U XoI^mb
3) _m{hVr gmR>çmMr {Z{_©Vr, JwUdÎmm d AÚ`mdVVm.
4) V`ma _m{hVr gmR>çmMr CnbãYVm.
5) AZwf§{JH$ gmo`r
6) J«§Wmb`rZ H$_©Mmè`m§Mo g§JUH$m~m~VMo à{ejU
1) `§ÌmMr CnbãYr, Ë`m§Mr AÚ`mdVVm d Ë`m§Mr XoI^mb
J«§Wmb`mVrb gd© {d^mJm§V Am{U VoWo H$m_ H$aUmè`m H$_©Mmè`m§g dmnamd`mg
{_iVrb BVŠ`m g§»`oZo g§JUH$ CnbãY Agm`bm hdoV. Ë`mM~amo~a Vo AÚ`mdV
amIUo eŠ` Agbo nm{hOo. g§JUH$m~amo~a AgUmar `§Ìgm_J«r CXm, qàQ>a, gr. S>r.
S´>mB©ìh, _moS>o_, ~hþ_mÜ`_o dmnaÊ`mMr gmo` AgUmar gmYZo ñH°$Za B. gm_J«r nwaoem
à_mUmV CnbãY Agbr nm{hOoV.
2) g§JUH$ àUmbrMr CnbãYVm, AÚ`mdVVm Am{U XoI^mb
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1)
3)
5)
7)
9)
Auto Lib
Libra 2000
Library Manager
Nalands
SOUL
2)
4)
6)
8)
10)
E Granthalaya
Librarian
Libsys
SUM
Rovan LMS3
Am§Vaamï´>r` ñVamda {Z{_©V CnbãY Amkmdbr
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
CDS/ISIS
Micro Lbrarian System
Keystone Library Automation System
VTLS
ADLIB Library for windows4
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{H$Vr AmhoV `mdê$Z ho _yë`_mnZ H$aVm `oVo.
National Assessment and Accreditation Council
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kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 53
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g§X^©J«§W
Best Practices for College Libraries
Listed below are some of the 'best practices' that enhance
the academic information environment and usability.
1. Computerization of library with standard digital software.
2. Inclusion of sufficient information about the library in the college
prospectus.
3. Compiling student/teacher attendance statistics and locating
the same on the notice board.
4. Displaying newspaper clipping on the notice board periodically.
5. Career/Employment information services.
6. Internet facilities to different user grops.
7. Information literacy programs.
8. Suggestion box and timely response.
9. Displaying new-arrivals and circulating a list of those tc
academic departments.
10. Conducting book exhibitions on different occasions.
11. Organizing book talks.
12. Instituting annual best user award for students.
13. Organizing competitions annually.
14. Conducting user surveys periodically.
2)
1)
3)
4)
5)
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g_mamon
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J«W
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AmhoV. Ë`mVrb CËH¥$ï> nwñVH$ åhUOo Busha, C.H. and Harter, S. P. `m§Zr
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S>m.° amO|Ð {dÇ>b {MH$Q>o
O`H$a JǤWmb`
gm{dÌr~mB© \w$bo nwUo {dÚmnrR>, nwUo
Title
: Library and Information Science Research : Methods
and Techniques.
Author : Dr. Rajendra Kumbhar
Publisher : Universal Publication, Pune
Publication Year : 2014
ISBN
: 978-81-87552-62-8
Price
: Rs. 495/-
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g§emoYZ g_ñ`oMr ì`már _`m©{XV Agmdr, S>oQ>m qH$dm _m{hVr CnbãY Agmdr,
Z¡{VH$ÑîQ>çm g§emoYZ H$aÊ`mÀ`m Ñï>rZo {df` Agmdm Aer AmR> d¡{eîQ>ço gm§JyZ
àË`oH$ d¡{eîQ>çmgmR>r CXmhaUo {Xbobr AmhoV.
{dñVrU© {df`mH$Sy>Z gyú_ {df`mH$S>o g§emoYZ {df`mMm àdmg H$gm hmoVmo,
ñWyb/{dñVrU© {df` Am{U gyú_ {df` H$moUVo `mMr _m{hVr VŠË`mÀ`m ñdê$nmV
IynM N>mZ àH$mao {Xbobr Amho. CXm. e-book `m {dñVrU© {df`mVrb gyú_ {df`
H$moU H$moUVo ho AmH¥$VrÀ`m ñdê$nmV g{dñVanUo _m§S>bobo AmhoV. àH$aUmÀ`m eodQ>r
g§emoYZmMr _m§S>Ur H$aVo doir àË`oH$ nm`ar Am{U Ë`m~m~VMr CXmhaUo {Xbobr
AmhoV. g§emoYZ g_ñ`oÀ`m _m§S>UrZwgma g§emoYZ nÕVr, _m{hVr g§H$bZmMo gmYZ,
g§emoYZ AmamIS>m, Z_wZm {ZdS>, _m{hVr {díbofUmMo gm§p»`H$s V§Ì, BË`mXrÀ`m
{ZdS>rgmR>r g§emoYH$ {ZU©` KoD$ eH$Vmo Am{U `mdaM g§emoYZmMr JwUdÎmm Am{U
dmT> Adb§~yZ Amho, Ago boIH$m§Zr Z_yX Ho$bobo Amho.
àH$aU VrZ_Ü`o nyd©gm{hË`mMm emoY (Review of Literature), nyduÀ`m
g§emoYZmMo dmMZ Am{U Ë`mMm dmna `m{df`r _m{hVr XoV AgVmZm gm{hË` åhUOo
H$m`? Ë`mMr dJ©dmar, J«§Wmb`emómVrb g§emoYZmgmR>rMo Cn`wº$ gm{hË` H$moUVo
`mMr _m{hVr, VŠË`mÀ`m ñdê$nmV S>oQ>m~ogogMr Zmdo, Ë`m§Mo dU©Z Am{U CnbãYVm,
Ë`m§Mo \$m`Xo, Online _mo\$V {Z`VH$m{bHo$, dJ©Ur ^ê$Z {_iUmar _w{ÐV Am{U
Online ñdê$nmVrb {Z`VH$m{bHo$ `m§Mr `mXr do~À`m nÎ`mgh {Xbobr Amho.
Ë`mM~amo~a gm{hË`emoYmMr à{H«$`m gm§JyZ dmMZ gm{hË`mMm AmT>mdm åhUOo H$m`?
Ë`mMm hoVy Am{U _hÎd, AmT>mdm {b{hÊ`mMr à{H«$`m, Ë`mMo àH$ma, g§X^© XoÊ`mMr
nÕV, BË`mXr~m~VMr n[anyU© _m{hVr `m àH$aUm_Ü`o {Xbobr Amho.
àH$aU Mma_Ü`o g§emoYZ AmamIS>m /ê$naofm / proposal `m{df`r g{dñVa
_m{hVr {Xbobr Amho. g§emoYZ AmamIS>m åhUOo H$m`? Ë`mMo KQ>H$, JwUXmof gm§JyZ
eodQ>r g§emoYZ AmamIS>çmMm AmXe© Agm Z_wZm {Xbobm Amho. `m àH$aUm_wio ZdrZ
g§emoYH$m§Zm Ë`m§Mm {df` {ZpíMV Ho$ë`mZ§Va g§emoYZ AmamIS>m qH$dm Ë`mMr ê$naofm
R>a{dUo ghO eŠ` hmoUma Amho.
àH$aU nmM_Ü`o boIH$m§Zr g§emoYZ nÕVr Am{U g§emoYZmMo àH$ma `m{df`r
_m{hVr {Xbobr Amho. `mV Ë`m§Zr hoVZy gw ma g§emoYZmMo àH$ma, g§emoYZmÀ`m Cn`moJmZwgma
àH$ma, doioZwgma àH$ma, S>oQ>mÀ`m àH$mamZwgma g§emoYZmMo àH$ma Ë`mM~amo~a VwbZmË_H$
nÕVr, nÕVr {díbofU, Operation Research, Z_wZm {dH$mg g§emoYZ, CËnmXZ/
gmYZ g§emoYZ S>oë\$s g§emoYZ, V§ÌkmZmda AmY[aV g§emoYZ, {~pãbAm°_°{Q´>Šg, `wPa
ñQ>S>r, `wO ñQ>S>r, àË`j H$m`© joÌmdarb g§emoYZ (Field Study) Aem àH$mao gd©M
g§emoYZ nÕVrMr _m{hVr EH${ÌV [aË`m XoUmao J«W§ mb` Am{U _m{hVremó {df`mVrb
ho EH$_od gmYZ Amho.
àH$aU ghm_Ü`o gd©ojUm{df`r _m{hVr {Xbobr Amho. `mV J«§Wmb` Am{U
_m{hVr emómVrb gd}jUmMr ì`már CXmhaUmXmIb Z_yX Ho$bobr Amho. Ë`mM~amo~a
gd}jUmMr JaO, àH$ma, Z_wZm {ZdS> nÕVr Am{U gd}jUmVrb doJdoJù`m nm`è`m
`m{df`r g{dñVa _m{hVr `m àH$aUm_Ü`o {Xbobr Amho.
àH$aU gmV_Ü`o ì`ï>r AÜ``Z nÕVr (Case Study) åhUOo H$m`? Ë`mMr
EH$H$, ì`ï>r AÜ``Z Am{U gd}jU, ì`mï>r AÜ``ZmMr d¡{eîQ>ç,o Vr Ho$ìhm Cn`moJmMr
AgVo? {VMr C{Ôï>o, Ë`mVrb Cn`moJr V§Ìo Am{U gmYZo àH$ma, EH$ Am{U EH$mnojm
OmñV ì`m{á AÜ``Z, Ë`mVrb nm`è`m, AS>MUr `m{df`r g{dñVa _m{hVr {Xbobr
Amho.
àm`mo{JH$ g§emoYZ nÕVr åhUOo H$m ? Ë`mVrb nm`è`m àm`mo{JH$ JQ> Am{U
{Z`§{ÌV JQ>, àH$ma `m~m~V g{dñVanUo gm§JyZ `m g§emoYZ nÕVrZwgma g§emoYZ H$go
H$aVmV `m{df`r g{dñVa _m{hVr àH$aU AmR>_Ü`o {Xbobr Amho.
àH$aU ZD$_Ü`o Eo{Vhm{gH$ g§emoYZ nÕVr åhUOo H$m` ? Ë`mVrb nm`è`m,
Ë`mVrb _m{hVr gmYZmMo Am§Va~mø _yë`_mnZ, J«W§ mb` joÌmVrb `m g§emoYZ nÕVrMo
_hÎd, `m joÌmVrb `m nÕVrgmR>rÀ`m `mo½` g_ñ`m, àH$ma `m{df`r n[anyU© _m{hVr
{Xbobr Amho.
Ame` {díbofU (Content Analysis) åhUOo H$m` ? Ë`mVrb nm`è`m,
d¡{eîQ>ço, \$m`Xo, _`m©Xm `m{df`r g{dñVa _m{hVr àH$aU Xhm_Ü`o {Xbobr Amho. `m
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 58
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 59
J«§WmVrb _hÎdmMm ^mJ Am{U g§emoYZmVrb _hÎdmMm ^mJ åhUOo g§emoYZmVrb
_m{hVr g§H$bZ. àíZmdbr ho _m{hVr g§H$bZmMo EH$ _hÎdmMo gmYZ Amho. doJdoJir
V§Ìo dmnê$Z àíZmdbrÛmao _m{hVr g§H$bZ Ho$bo OmVo. àíZmdbr ho gmYZ H$go ? Am{U
V§Ì H$go ? `m{df`r n[anyU© _m{hVr àH$aU AH$am_Ü`o {Xbobr Amho. àíZmMo Am{U
àíZmdbrMo àH$ma, àíZmdbr gmo~VMo nÌ H$go Agmdo, Ë`mMm Z_wZm, àíZmdbrMo
{dVaU Am{U g§H$bZMo ì`dhma MmVw`© dmnê$Z OmñVrV OmñV à{VgmX H$gm
{_idm`Mm, àíZmdbrMo \$m`Xo VmoQ>o, àíZmdbr ho _m{hVr {_i{dÊ`mMo gmYZ Amho.
àíZmdbrÛmao _m{hVr H$em àH$mao {_idm`Mr ho V§Ì Amho. `m{df`r n[anyU© Aer
_m{hVr XoUmao ho EH$_od gmYZ Amho. g§emoYZ nÕVrVrb AZoH$ J«§Wm§n¡H$s \$º$ `mM
J«§WmV hr _m{hVr g{dñVanUo {Xbobr Amho. Ë`m_wio _m{hVr g§H$bZmVrb V§Ìo H$moUVr
Am{U gmYZo H$moUVr `mVrb g§^«_ `m àH$aUm_wio Xya hmoUma Amho.
_m{hVr g§H$bZmVrb AmUIr EH$ V§Ì åhUOo "_wbmIV.' `m{df`r àH$aU
~mam_Ü`o _m{hVr {Xbobr Amho. `mV _wbmIV åhUOo H$m` ? Ë`mMo àH$ma, \$m`Xo,
_`m©Xm, à{VgmX {_i{dÊ`mMo V§Ì, àíZmVrb gd©gm_mÝ` MwH$m `m§{df`r g{dñVa
_m{hVr {Xbobr Amho.
g§emoYZmVrb _m{hVr g§H$bZMo gdmªV {dídgZr` Am{U ^adí`mMo V§Ì åhUOo
{ZarjU (Observation). `m{df`rMr _m{hVr àH$aU Voam_Ü`o {Xbobr Amho.
{ZarjU åhUOo H$m` ? {ZarjU Am{U BVa _m{hVr g§H$bZ V§Ìo, {ZarjUmMo àH$ma,
{ZarjUmMr à{H«$`m, Cn`moJr gmYZo, \$m`Xo Am{U _`m©Xm `m{df`r n[anyU© _m{hVr
`m àH$aUmVyZ àmá hmoVo.
Z_wZm {ZdS> ho g§emoYZmVrb _m{hVr g§H$bZmMo Cn`wº$ V§Ì Amho. `m{df`r
_m{hVr XoVodoir Z_wZm {ZdS>rMr _yi g§H$ënZm, _m{hVr g§H$bZmMo joÌ/JQ>, Z_wZm
{ZdS>rMo KQ>H$, Mm¡H$Q>, à{V{Z{YËd H$aUmam Z_wZm, {deof JwU, H$b, AS>Wim,
àH$ma, AmH$ma, VÎdo, JaO, \$m`Xm Aem gd© A§Jm§Zr n[anyU© Aem Z_wZm {ZdS>
V§ÌmMr _m{hVr àH$aU 14 _Ü`o {Xbobr Amho. a°ÝS>_ Z§~aÀ`m VŠË`mÀ`m nÕVrZo
Z_wZm H$gm {ZdS>mdm ho gmoXmhaU ñnï> Ho$bo Amho. VgoM Z_wÝ`mMo `mo½` à_mU H$go
R>admdo ho gm§{JVbo Amho.
àH$aU n§Yam_Ü`o J¥hrVHo$ (Hypotheses) `m KQ>H$m{df`r _m{hVr {Xbobr
Amho. `mV J¥hrVHo$ åhUOo H$m` ? Ë`mMr gmYZo, H$m`}, d¡{eîQ>ço, àH$ma, g§emoYZ
J¥hrVH$, J¥hrVH$mMr nS>VmiUr, Ë`mVrb g_ñ`m qH$dm AS>MUr, nS>VmiUrVrb
nm`è`m Aem àH$maMr gd©Vmonar _m{hVr `m àH$aUmV {_iVo.
gm§p»`H$s Am{U _m{hVr gmXarH$aUmMo V§Ì, Á`mÀ`mda g§emoYZmMm à^md
Adb§~yZ Amho. Aem KQ>H$mMr _m{hVr XoV AgVmZm boIH$mZo `m g§H$ënZoer {ZJ{S>V
gd© KQ>H$m§{df`r g{dñVa _m{hVr {Xbobr Amho. Ogo g§»`memñÌ åhUOo H$m` ?
Ë`mMo H$m`©, àH$ma, _m{hVrMo dJuH$aU Am{U gmam§e, AmboI Am{U Ë`mMo àH$ma,
H$m` ñ¹o$Aa Q>ño Q>, nmVirMo _hÎd (Level of Significance), ghg§~Y§ , à{VJ_Z,
`m{df`r g{dñVa _m{hVr àH$aU gmoim_Ü`o {Xbobr Amho.
eodQ>À`m àH$aUm_Ü`o g§emoYZ Ahdmb {b{hÊ`mMo V§Ì `m{df`r _m{hVr XoVo
doir, g§emoYZ Ahdmb åhUOo H$m` ? Ë`mMm hoVy H$m` ? Ë`mMr aMZm, g§X^© XoÊ`mÀ`m
qH$dm CÕaUmÀ`m nÕVr, ^mfm Am{U _wÐU e¡br `mVyZ AMyH$Vm `m{df`r gImob
_m{hVr {Xbobr Amho. Aem àH$mao J«§Wmb` Am{U _m{hVremñÌ `m {df`mVrb
g§emoYH$m§Zm AË`§V Cn`moJr AgUmam hm J«§W àË`oH$ g§emoYH$mZo dmMUo Cn`wº$ R>aob.
Á`m§Zm kmZ {_i{dÊ`mgmR>r g§emoYZ H$amd`mM A
o mho, Ë`mÀ`mgmR>r ho gmYZ g§emoYZmbm
gwédmV H$aÊ`mnmgyZ g§emoYZmÀ`m eodQ>À`m Q>ßß`mn`ªV doido i
o r _XVrbm `oD$ eH$Umam
hm J«§W S>m°. amO|Ð Hw§$^ma `m§Zr J«§Wmb` Am{U _m{hVremñÌ `m {df`mgmR>r {bhÿZ `m
{df`mÀ`m {dH$mgmV ^aM Q>mH$br Amho.
`m J«§WmMm n[aM` H$ê$Z XoV AgVmZm n[aM` H$Ë`m©bm `m J«§WmMr H$mhr
d¡{eîQ>ço OmUdbobr AmhoV Vr nwT>rbà_mUoS>m°. Hw§$^ma `m§Zr àË`oH$ àH$aUmÀ`m gwédmVrbm gmam§e, g§~§{YV g§km {Xboë`m
AmhoV Am{U eodQ>r {ZîH$f© {Xbobm Amho. àË`oH$ àH$aUmÀ`m eodQ>r g§X^© gm{hË`mMr
`mXr {Xbobr Amho. J«§W g_OÊ`mg gmoß`m Aem boIH$mÀ`m ñdV…À`m ^mfoV
{b{hë`m_wi,o boIH$ g§emoYZ nÕVrdaVr Amnë`mer ~mobV AmhoV qH$dm ì`m»`mZ
XoV AmhoV Agm ^mg J«§WmMo dmMZ H$aVo doir nwÝhm-nwÝhm hmoVmo. Amdí`H$ Ë`m
{R>H$mUr J«§Wmb` Am{U _m{hVremñÌmVrb AZoH$ CXmhaUo XoD$Z boIH$ {dÚmÏ`mªZm
g§emoYZ H$aÊ`mg àmoËgmhZ XoV AmhoV Ago dmQ>Vo. J«§WmÀ`m _w»` n¥ð>mdê$Z Ago dmQ>Vo
H$s, g§emoYZH$Ë`m©Zo g§emoYZ H$aVodi
o r nma§n[aH$ gmYZm~amo~a BboŠQ´>m{° ZH$ gmYZm§Mmhr
dmna H$aÊ`mMr JaO Amho. Aem àH$mao J«§Wmb` Am{U _m{hVremñÌ `m {df`mVrb
àË`oH$ {dÚmWu, g§emoYH$ Am{U {ejH$ `m gdmªZr `m J«§WmMo dmMZ H$ê$Z Ë`mVrb
~maH$mì`mMm g§emoYZm_Ü`o dmna Ho$bm Va `m {df`mVrb g§emoYZm_Ü`o g§»`mË_H$
Am{U JwUmË_H$ dmT> hmoV amhUma Amho.
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 60
kmZJ§JmoÌr … {S>g|~a 2014 Vo _o 2015 … 61