Background Vocab
•
RNA - (ribonucleic acid)
–
Plays several roles in the manufacture of proteins
–
Made of nucleotides
–
Nitrogenous bases A , U, C, and G
•
A gene is a long section of a DNA molecule whose sequence of building blocks specifies the sequence of amino acids in a particular protein.
•
Protein fundamental component of living cells

Enzymes 
Hemoglobin

Hormones

Antibodies

Insulin

How does DNA work
•
DNA (nucleic acid)

RNA

•
Amino Acids – building blocks of Proteins

•
Protein

Do a job (perform a function)
• Analogy to remember what’s going on, build a house
–
DNA is the blue prints (instructions)
–
Amino Acids are the lumber
– Proteins are the house…

How are genes Expressed?
Protein Synthesis from DNA-
Chp. 10

• Transcription in the nucleus
– Make mRNA from DNA
– DNA  mRNA
• Translation in the cytoplasm
– Make Proteins at the ribosome
– mRNA  proteins
– “translate a language”
• nucleic acid  amino acid

Translating nucleic acid language to amino acid language

• “Wikipedia. Is the best thing ever. Anyone, in the world, can write anything they want about any subject. So you know you are getting the best possible information.”
• Who said this?

2.
1.__________
5. enzyme?

Chain or protein
G

1b.
5.
1a.
2.
3.__
4.
6.
8.
7.