Germplasm Enhancement of Maize
GEM Presentation
GEM Team
USDA-ARS NCRPIS GEM
- December 8, 2004 -
Quality Trait Research
Susan Duvick
Corn Quality Traits Lab Manager
Wet Chemistry Laboratory
Personnel
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Susan Duvick, Laboratory Manager (NCRPIS)
Kaily Chang, Research Associate (CICGRU)
Oswaldo Taboada-Gaytan, Graduate Student
(CICGRU)
Joe Van Gorp, Undergraduate Intern (CICGRU)
Carli Petersen, Undergraduate Intern (NCRPIS)
Cooperating scientists and project members
Corn Quality Traits Laboratory
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Primary Functions
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Germplasm evaluation for quality traits
Method development for new quality traits
Research leading to high quality corn germplasm
CRIS Projects
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Germplasm enhancement of maize project (GEM) (Mike
Blanco)
Enhancing corn germplasm for quality traits (Linda Pollak)
Breeding high-quality corn for sustainable, low-input farming
systems (Linda Pollak)
Quantitative genetics and grain quality of corn (Paul Scott
and Jode Edwards)
Current Analytical Methods
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Whole grain composition (POS) by NIR using sample sizes
from 1 kernel to 1 pound
Specific density by NIR using sample sizes from 1 ear to 1
pound
Extractable starch by NIR using sample sizes from 1 ear to 1
pound
Starch thermal properties by DSC using sample sizes from 1
kernel to bulk starch samples
Starch viscosity properties by RVA using sample sizes of
starch from at least 10 grams of corn
Fatty acids by GC from single kernels
Wet milling by both bench top single kernels and 100g using
a starch table
NIR Whole Grain Composition
NIR Sample Sizes
GEM Results-Composition
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Protein > 15%
Oil > 4%
Starch > 71%
B73 values: 14% protein, 3.5% oil, 70%
starch
Starch Extraction
Bench Top Wet Milling
100g Wet Milling
Starch Thermal Analysis
DSC Curve
CH05015:N1204-57-1-B-B
GEM Results-Starch Quality
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ToG < 62oC
TrG < 5oC
%R > 60%
Commercial corn starch: ToG, TrG, %R
Field Day 2004
Recommended GEM Lines for 2004
Pedigree
Origin (race)
SET
Comment
BARBGP:N08a18332-1-B
Barbados (Tuson)
2004 S4
elevated starch and
oil
CH05015:N1502-861-B
Chile (Camelia)
2004 S4
elevated protein
CHIS775:S1911b120-1-B-B
Mexico (Tuxpeno)
Set R
elevated oil and
protein, high TpG,
flat-top peak
DK212T:N11a12-1911-B
Thailand (comm. DK)
2004 S4
high starch
DKB844:S1601-73-1B-B
Mexico (comm. DK)
Set E
low gel onset temp;
low PHI, wide RnG
DREP150:N2011d624-1-B
Domin. Rep. (Mixed)
2004 S4
elevated protein
UR11003:S03021011-1-B
Uruguay (Dente
Branco)
Set H
narrow range of
gelatinization
Set E
Elevated protein, low
gel temp onset, low
RnG, high % retro
Set H
Elevated protein and
oil, very high TpG,
large complex peak
DKB844:S1601-3-2
CH05015:N1204-57-1
Mexico (comm. DK)
Chile (Camelia)
New Methodology
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ETOH by bench top laboratory procedure
Food applications of oils with altered fatty
acids
Calculating breeding parameters for quality
traits
Modeling from our existing data to predict
resistant starch
Thermoelectric conductivity and electroactive
transport
Plasticizing starches
Germplasm Enhancement of Maize
GEM Presentation
The End