Regional Dialogue on
Promoting Services Development and Trade
in Latin America and the Caribbean
12−13 November 2013
Room Raul Prebish, ECLAC, Santiago
Latin America and the Caribbean
Infrastructure Services: Diagnosis and
Challenges
Mr. Ricardo Sanchez
Senior Economic Affairs Officer, Natural Resources and
Infrastructure Division and Chief, Infrastructure
Services Unit (ECLAC)
This presentation is reproduced by the UNCTAD secretariat in the form and language in which it has been received.
The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the view of the United Nations.
Latin America and the Caribbean Infrastructure
Services: Diagnosis and Challenges
Ricardo J. Sánchez
Senior Economic Affairs Officer
Natural Resources and Infrastructure Division
0
Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Looking into the future
Diagnosis and major infrastructure challenges in LAC
High dispersion and multiplicity of views
and public action
Failures or institutional and regulatory
obstacles
Weakness and / or lack of sustainability
criteria
1
Ricardo J Sanchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Physical tightness or shortage
Investment in infrastructure in major countries of LAC,
1980-2010 (% del PIB)
Source: updates of Perrotti y Sánchez (2011) “Infrastructure gap in LAC”, CEPAL, Serie DRNI 153, Santiago de Chile
© Sánchez, Wilmsmeier and Pérez
2013
The infrastructural gap
250
Estimate of the infrastructure gap in transport in
Latin America (base 1995 = 100)
150
100
50
Brecha
Gap
Efectivo
Supply
2010p
2009p
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
0
Demand
Necesario
Source: ECLAC, 2010
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Ricardo J Sanchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
200
Infrastructure, development and equity
GDP per capita and Logistics Performance - 2009
70000
Switzerland
60000
Ireland
Netherlands
United States
Finland Belgium
Sweden
Australia
Germany
Japan
France
Singapore
Canada
Italy
GDP per cápita
50000
40000
Spain
30000
Israel
United Kingdom
New Zealand
Portugal
Bahrain
20000
10000
Iraq
0
2
Korea, Rep.
Mexico
Venezuela, RB Panama
Chile Brazil
Uruguay
Lebanon South Africa
Argentina
Jamaica
Malaysia
Costa Rica
Colombia
El
Salvador
China
Algeria
Thailand
Ecuador
Guyana
Vietnam India
Bolivia
Guatemala
Peru
Haiti
Liberia
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Logistics Index
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Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Denmark
Efficiency of whole logistics chain? IT IS a PENDING goal!
2.3%
1
5.4%
Uso de la
infraestructura
Flete terrestre
1
42.8%
Series1
4.8%
Series1
Series2
Series2
0%
Santos-Monterrey
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%0%
20%
60%
80%
100%
Marítimo
5.1%
39.5%
40%
47.6%
7.7%
TRM
Puerto
Santos-Mexico
DF
0.0%
6.4%
39.7%
20.0%
40.0%
2.4%
1
Terrestre a
destino
46.0%
7.9%
60.0%
5.6%
1
80.0%
100.0%
41.1%
Series1
4.9%
Series1
Series2
Series2
Servicios
portuarios
0%
Trámites de
internación
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%0%
Uso de la
infraestructura
Flete terrestre
20%
40%
60%
80%
Source: Sánchez (2013)
5
100%
Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Trámites de
internación
Servicios
portuarios
A review of the current policies
is required.
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Ricardo J Sanchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
For us, the main challenge is to
align the conception, design,
implementation, control and
monitoring of policies related to
infrastructure services …
in order to maximize their impact
on development.
PARADIGM CHANGE
INTEGRALITY
SUSTAINABILITY
Design, Execution and Control
Economic, Social, Environmental and Institutional
Infrastructure
and logistics
To organise
infrastructure,
logistics and mobility
projects into a
hierarchy
To generate and
preserve statistics
Policies
and plans
Strategy
definition and link
to other policies
Logistical
planning
Financing
Harmonisation
Normative Frame
Legal and
regulation reforms
according to the
policy’s strategy.
Institutionality
and participation
Logistical and
Organisation and
productive lines
state conduction
Monitoring of
LOGISTICS AND
of the policies
the logistical
GovernmentMOBILITY
requirements of
Private Sectorthe productive
Civil Societysystem
Academy
Encouragement
Provision of Interaction
of logistical firms
I&D+i and
transport and
Human
trade
Resources
Technical
HHRR training
regulations and
Innovation in
simplification of
logistics, ICTs,
procedures and
SMEs
documents
COMPREHENSIVE
VISION AND
ACTION FOR
Urban
Inter-cities
Source: Georgina Cipoletta Tomassian (2011)
Regional
Technical
Regulations
Economic
regulations
Modal
shift
CO-MODALITY
International
Passengers
Goods
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Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
STRATEGY OF INTEGRATED AND SUSTAINABLE POLICIES ON INFRASTRUCTURE, LOGISTICS AND MOBILITY
1.2.2 Improving logistics normalization
1.2.3 Improved vacuum phenomenon in
logistics transport use
1.2.4 Assurance of professionals in
the logistics sector
Ratios for standard
palette
Proportion of empty
trucks operation
Proportion of logistics
professionals in
logistics entities
Unit
2008
2010
2015
2020
%
9.1
8.0
6.4
5.5
%
0
8.9
100.0
%
16 (9,7)
16 (9,7)
23 (13,10)
Unit
1.3
-
6.0
12.3
Point
3.64
3.89
3.97
%
37
42.0
50.0
60.0
%
31.3
30.0
36.0
22.0
%
0
0
3.4
16.7
8
Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Objectives and strategies
Performance Indicators
1 Increased system efficiency
Proportion of business
national logistics
logistics costs
1.1 Capacity utilization and logistics network connection
Proportion of public
logistics center
1.1.1 Increase and reconstruction infrastructure
construction (with
planned comparison)
Railroad tracks in
industrial landscape
(ports and industrial
1.1.2 Expansion of the intermodal transport
complexes)
network
Proportion of use of rail
transport in ports and
industrial complexes
1.2 Soft Assurance infrastructure to provide high-quality logistics service
1.2.1 Progress of the quality of national
Logistics Performance
logistics service
Index by World Bank
Unit
2008
2010
2015
2020
%
26.9
30.0
36.0
45.0
%
36.2
45.0
53.0
%
3.4
3.4
3.6
4.0
%
3.65
3.8
4.3
5.0
Ratio of sales outside
logistics companies
%
15.5
20
28
40
3.1.2 Establishing global logistics network
Numbers of foreign
branches of logistics
companies
(average)
Area
4.8
5.0
7.0
10.0
3.1.1 Fostering international logistics company
Numbers of logistic
companies with gross
sales equivalent to or
more than a trillion
Korean won
Entities
1
1
5
10
3.1.1 Growth in sales outside the national
logistics entities
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Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Objectives and strategies
Performance Indicators
2.1 Establishment of green logistics system for low-carbon
2.1.1 Using stimulation
Proportion of mass
mass transit
transit distribution
2.1.2 System Establishment
Proportion of trucks in
ground transportation focused
commercial use
in commercial use
Proportion of logistics
2.2 Promoting employment
professionals
3. National wealth generation through
Proportion of gross sales
logistics
in logistics entities
3.1 Fostering entrepreneurship in logistics and global network
2008
2010
2015
2020
15.5
20
28
40
< 3.0
3.5
5.0
8.0
4.1
4.5
5.5
7.0
10
Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Performance
Units
Indicators
3.2 Stimulating the logistics industry base and national competitiveness
Proportion of 3PL
3.2.1 Extending the logistics market
%
utilization
3.2.2 Improved profitability of the
Proportion of reverse
%
logistics companies
logistics companies
3.2.3 Improving competitiveness of
small and medium enterprises in the logistics Sales per company
Billion $
sector
Objectives and strategies
Cooperation framework: infrastructure and policies
Challenges
=
Lack of Sustainability
Investment Opportunities
Low Carbon & Sustainable Energy and Transport
Regional Physic Integration
Small Capital Markets
Isolated Policies
Institutional side
Training
Med/Low Logistics Performance
Investment Opportunities
Global Experience
Logistics and Infrastructure Policies
Good practices
Capacity Building
Practices to improve
11
Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Infrastructure Gap
Opportunities
Chief
Infrastructure Services Unit
Natural Resources and Infrastructure Division
United Nations ECLAC
+56 2 210-2131
Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
http://www.eclac.org/transporte
Client Logo
12
Ricardo J. Sánchez | CEPAL | Naciones Unidas Ricardo.Sanchez@ECLAC.org
Thank
You!
Ricardo J. Sánchez