RADICAL RESTRUCTURING: The Conversion of Our Lady of Mount Carmel I PETER ARTHUR DUBIN Bachelor of Fine Arts, Architecture Rhode Island School of Design Providence, Rhode Island June 1976 Submitted to the Department of Architecture in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Master of Architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology MASSACHUSES '14STiTUTE Of TECHNOLOGY JUN 11984 June 1984 LIBRARIES @Peter Arthur Dubin 1984 The author hereby grants M.I.T. permission to reproduce and to distribute copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of author . Certified by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter Arthur Dubin, Department of Architecture, March 14, 1984 . . . ..................... Ro(semary Grimshaw jIstructor, Department of Architecture, Thesis Supervisor Accepted by . . . . . kosemary Grimsh , airperson Departmental Committee for Graduate Students 2 RADICAL RESTRUCTURING: The Conversion of Our Lady of Mount Carmel 3 by Peter Arthur Dubin Submitted to the Department of Architecture on March 14, 1984 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture. ABSTRACT This thesis studies the restructuring of a vacant parochial school in East Boston, Massachusetts, to 17 residential units of varying sizes. It formulates a process for dismantling the authoritarian imagery of the existing institutional structure and develops in its place a residential This is syntax compatible with the surrounding rowhouse neighborhood. which composition fragmentary additive accomplished by creating an Further, the implies continuity with the adjacent residential fabric. thesis addresses the need for major exterior intervention in building rehabilitation to establish a dialectical association between the buildings enclosing form and its redefined context. Thesis Supervisor: Rosemary Grimshaw Title: Instructor, Department of Architecture 4 5 Special thanks to Antonio DiMambro and Terri. Dedicated to my father, my uncle, my great uncle and the memory of my grandfather. 6 gE GN Contents 7 INTRODUCTION: CONTEXT: Radical Restructuring ..........-.................................................... 8 East Boston; Past and Present ........................................................... 12 EXISTING: Our Lady of Mount Carmel School ...............-----------------------------------. 20 PROPOSAL: Residential Units ...........................--------------......... 34 APPENDIX 1 : Space Inventory of Our Lady of Mount Carmel School ................................. 56 APPENDIX 2: Space Inventory of Proposed Residential Units ........................-------------.. 58 Introduction ( W I' I IFegel Worg Ihenomenology of Spirit 1807 8 " . . . the spirit of the time, growing slowly and quietly ripe for the new form it is to assume, loosens one fragment after another of the structure previous world. This gradual crumbling to of its pieces, which did not alter the general look and aspect of the whole, is interrupted by the sunrise, which, in a flash and at a single stroke, brings to view the form and structure of the new world." Radical Restructuring concepts The on the which have their roots the course of this thesis, in Marxist and Hegelian during developed suppositions, following based restructuring are radical of dialectical of theories materialism. Second, ever is no structure It is always developing extent, changing by growth and decay. frameworks can remain partitions may be to some manner, in state.- a static in basically Structural yet same the systems mechanical removed, some updated or furnishings removed or added. any First, building independent, of an them. forces may seem to be may not appear to be cause to Yet it. forces of it is so obvious is It ever-changing interdependence This an neither object. interdependent structures and upon and within fragment slight is structure distinct a nor or a network that act structures that there for calling attention important that recognize to Third, there comes a point in the life of a building a when place. takes restructuring radical vari- After a long period of gradual development, ous pressures major upon acting intervention a structure radically that and gives structure's composition force alters birth a the to a new course of gradual development. while water is water one moment, changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature may change steam a moment later. So, too, with it to buildings. A structure that is a school today may be affected by pressures lation such as declining birth rates, shifting policies. and governmental popu- desegregation The thorough to be- effec- restructuring must be tive. Too often, building in rehabilitation, kind of schizophrenic condition is building's interior is accommodate a new use, sidered sacred and created when a drastically and altered the exterior left untouched. a is to con- A building's 9 10 exterior, or form, must be reflective of a build- ing's current are use, or content. interdependent and disassociate the two is This proposes of thesis a vacant Carmel undissociable, the residential school, located sub-neighborhood in of East in a thesis traces Boston, exists then today. and analysis contextual Our the Boston, of Boston, Massachusetts. school and to to deny reality. parochial School, Form and content In Lady of Mount Jeffries a of to place the reference, the the historical development examines neighborhood the Following of the vacant that is Point neighborhood order frame conversion a of East as it description school building which precedes the proposal to restructure the building. 11 I I(l1I)()r IsIand~, jrt~ni ti 1711 ~nap Context Context 12 H arbor Islands, fromn a 1711 mnap Hejore landjill created East Boston East Boston; Past and Present East Boston was created by joining, with landfill, During the 1600's five islands in Boston Harbor. the islands were mainly used as farm- and 1700's Since land. of times three land into size the been as an industrial the of original and shipping center where goods transferred and ships between 1880's. Real estate speculators class houses, the purchased middle subdivided them and rented them out to the immigrants. a single mass After 1835 East Boston began developing islands. were and merged leveled enlarged, have islands the 1830's the until the beginning of Italian immigration in trains connected to all the manufacturing centers that of New After the turn of the century industry thrived in residential viding jobs. areas immigrants Foundries, and along the with waterfront, low-skilled, machine shops, low mills, propaying shoe and garment factories were established. England. 1850's During the potato famine and 1860's, in arrived Irish large fleeing the numbers. They formed the bulk of an unskilled labor force which extended East Boston's railroad systems, built its piers, and worked as stevedores on its docks. After 1905 larger numbers of began arriving. The first Italian Italians immigrants came by way of the North End area of Boston, but later immi- grants in began settling directly They were attracted by lower rents space than was offered by East Boston. and more the North End. open By the 1920's many families had set down permanent roots After the Civil War, as a result of the decline in the area. Money was raised by the community of the wooden shipbuilding industry, East Boston's to build two churches, our Lady of Mount Carmel economy began a long decline that wasn't reversed and St. Lazarus. 13 14 The population of East Boston reached its peak, at 64,000, in the mid With 1920's. implementation neighborhoods. Logan Airport today occupies two-thirds of the land area in East Boston. of national immigration restrictions in 1924, the population began to level off. In the early 1930's a vehicular tunnel between East Boston and downtown was That built. construction and the As a result has construction of an expressway in the 1950's pushed remains a thousands of families population. chants from their shops. The population declined steadily until the late 1960's when it stabilized at around 38,000. single economic has major the born Boston. Most occurred during traffic volume expansion in the was harbor affecting force of East Boston's development Airport, solid, on the of the since reclaimed the growth 1950's increased socio- neighborhoods 1922 flats of and the the 1960's dramatically. of Logan of East airport when air Airport been relatively its ethnic predominantly However, isolated threaten in Italian of housing types, life- in services the of communities. offer East Boston don't and Catholic stability the East homogeneity changes current tightly knit, family oriented neighborhoods growth been retained patterns style variety The having from the rest of the city until the 1950's, Boston from their homes and mer- of Most a wide and amenities that many young families and families with rising incomes desire. comprised of small poor immigrants. with changing East Boston, Much of the cramped housing units designed This often results characteristics to developing stock in relocating communities is for families outside that offer broader choices in housing and amenities. accommodated not only by landfill but also by encroachment into Most of the housing in East Boston is made up of wood frame three deckers and masonry rowhouses. struc- Only 5.1% of the housing units are within tures containing four or more units. Most of that housing is extremely densely packed. East Boston as a whole has less than half the open space per Jeffries Point, the person than the city average. neighborhood School is in which located, is Our Carmel of Mount Lady even more densely populated are two and three decker row houses. to the 1980 census, of its 640 housing units, were owner occupied, little Although gentrification it is buildings were the area is is undergoing shifting from a lower status neighborhood to a higher Much of the area status divestiture The Jeffries Point neighborhood is at the located have location. owned by Massport; recently divestiture and negotiations than the East Boston average. 117 465 were renter occupied and just under 90% of the residential owner occupied. According occurred, however, for further indicating future neighborhood stability. southern portion of East Boston bounded by Logan Airport and Porter Street on the north, railroad yards on the west, the south and east. Airport and and Boston Harbor on Not only is it close to Logan the Airport Massachusetts portation Authority station, close proximity to Conrail Bay Trans- the neighborhood has the Maverick-Central business Our Lady of Mount Carmel school is buildings which make up Our Lady of Mount Carmel Streets housing types in Jeffries in Frankfort the center of Jeffries Street and Gove Street Point and Orleans Point. from Carmel Church and of Mount Carmel Convent, to the Across the school are Our Lady of Mount in use. The predominant at Frankfort complex on Gove Street, and Our Lady district and the Maverick M.B.T.A. station. one of several Rectory all still On Frankfort and Orleans Streets adjacent school are three and six flat brick row 15 Map of Boston I larbor,date unknown Site area within heavy outline (see enlargement on following page) 16 ,, NLx -,, o - 5A m <0 B OS H A R O TO N B O R T Boston Redevelopment Authority Plot plan showing site area I/ I/ .V/1 // 17 / MOWN 18 houses. Almost all residential structures in the area are still owner occuppied. Street under is a six story industrial Across loft Orleans building, investigation by developers as a potential residential conversion. 19 Existing Cover sheet for Our Lady of Mount Carmel School contract document specifications 20 A. D. 1929 SPECIFICATIONS OF LABOR AND MATERIALS FOR THE PAROCHIAL SCHOOL FOR THE OUR LADY OF MOUNT CARMEL PARISH TO BE ERECTED AT EAST BOSTON, MASS. WILLIAM CARDINAL O'CONNELL ARCHBISHOP, BOSTON REV. UGOLINO BIFARINI RECTOR Raymond C. Gorrani, Architect Worcester, Mass. GENERAL CONDITIONS The Contract Document consist of the Agreement, the the Drawings and General Conditions of the Contract, Specifications. The Owner is the Roman Catholic Archbishop of the Boston Diocese, Massachusetts, represented for the purpose of erecting the School by Reverend Ugolino Bifarini O.F.M. The Contractor shall be responsible to the Owner for the acts and omissions of his subcontractors and of all persons directly or indirectly employed by him or them in connection with the work. The term "person" or "anyone" as employed be taken to include a firm or corporation. herein shall The term "Subcontractor" includes only those having a direct contract with the Contractor and it includes one who furnishes material even though he does not work. Our Lady of Mount Carmel School In the late 1920's Our Lady of Mount Carmel Parish paro- began searching for a means of providing a chial education for children of parishoners. built scheme the upper been double loaded Our front the Donald McKay School was erected the parish retained the services of John Guarino, a local architect, with William B. Colleary, consulting architect Boston, at Gove Streets. plans for a formulated plans and Street, between No action was subsequently C. Gorrani of Worcestor, parochial who, of school services Gorrani design. to the back the Guarino The hired Raymond of Gove Street by creating a stepped Massachusetts to pick up of spaces in the similar to the executed A large auditorium fills the basement and classrooms most of degrees of the skewed Guarino plans accommodated Gove Street stepped organization original Guarino plan is corridor ninety the the building, making it single loaded. Gove schematic the pushed rotated basement, the classroom orientation rectangular and to down with parish the When Gorrani took over as architect he moved the Orleans the a the back. at and taken at classrooms clustered spaces around organized with corridor and Guarino original the are Guarino Frankfort where Guarino had left off. The in floors service and the between that is designs Gorrani In to become After School. Carmel had school of what was east one block Lady of Mount public McKay Donald the 1925 however, dissimilarity, massing Street which created at facade maximized a Gorrani facade. Gove Street flush with utilization unified, angle orthoganal eliminated the pulled the and the property line of lot quasi-symmetrical, area and authori- tarian front elevation. are strung along the Gove Street facade on two upper floors. A major The design as executed consists of a lower floor 21 22 with a sixteen high and boiler storage, of foot eleven foot auditorium, rooms, and high toilets, two upper classrooms and floors teachers' offices. bush hammered tar and large and wire glass. structural system, Company, Stevens Boston, slab is a by Morrison- Engineering, Structural Massachusetts floor designed concrete joist construction with reinforced of and concrete columns and a 13 inch masonry wall with a 4 inch red face brick. A 6'-6" single loaded corridor connects classrooms fronting onto Gove Street. The classroom size varies due to lot configuration but typically the classrooms are rectangular with approximate dimensions of 25 feet by 32 feet. Complementing is sills, gravel the red face brick a cast stone ornamentation. steps and platforms on the facades Parapet, cornice, at entrances are of a lath. built-up institutional ceiling The granite. and The The roof roof. double-hung Inside, four ply The windows are with steel sash the walls, ornamentation auditorium is floor beam casings, of are is a a plaster over cementitious surface over cinder concrete and the upper floors are linoleum over concrete. Both main stairs are of steel construction with terrazzo treads. Proposed school for Our Lady of Mount Carmel John Guarino, Architect, 1928 23 - 7TIT r 1-i*a... So-A-C"L 6IoouwL "- 0-1 cA - IA -. _-_________0' . n.. Typ .- r JL I sw w arnwnn WOO ainr raManrwew 0 First floor plan 1o0 20 24 .0 GOV --- G 0 V F I Q1 o 20 Second and third floor plan | 25 Wil il I- will 11 w Section A 26 ------------ 0 10 20 10 20 1 1 Section B 27 Plan of land in East Boston, 1929 28 PLAN Of LANO IN .AST B5osTot, MAO, SCAIA 1*- 20' MAY 1412. - N 1Ngmowr r S foof Ll) N k' 4' Gove Street elevation o 20 10 20 Gove Street elevation i29 -F-'-..L..=a.kfor Street ele-- tio'0-0 0 Frankfort Street elevation Orleans Street elevation 30 1 I [- 10 20 Rear elevation D 10 20 31 E fnODp E E9 EEE E E E E 1- - MAN"_ Elevation of Frankfort Street Elevation of Gove Street Elevation of Orleans Street 32 1 0 25 50 33 Proposal 34 1 Axonometric 1 Residential Units is following The a for proposal radical the restructuring and conversion of Our Lady of Mount School Carmel Included units. units to ranging 2374 square in an aggregation in the complex from size of Frankfort houses. seventeen durable are feet to type from studio feet and ranging in contiguous residential square 593 are tion factors the convert use Beyond the general housing. the First, tors. housing, there 800 square especially is in rowhouses built for in need of these repair. buildings. specific lack of genera- available units, Most of six in the the nearby flat immigrants after the century and contains tenement the turn of small and cramped units There are Second, the upper or masonry row- residential interior 950 of a construc- structures. classroom module square feet lower floor is well two bedroom of a three or notions that both a and flat to both and masonry insertion of a one or four bedroom duplex. family-sized three or the to Jeffries Point neighborhood. housing to feet are on was constructed school existing building Streets for from educational a is the school concrete flat, are several Boston area the to the surplus of schools and a shortage of housing exist in Third, decision precipitated structure's Orleans appropriate suited Several the and fireproof Finally, of flat to four bedroom duplex. to the few vacancies structures in which Once housing use, it was chosen as the structure's was decided to utilize the rowhouse new typo- logy as an organizational element, both internally and on the structure's exterior. the housing in East Boston is in Because 95% of structures con- taining three or fewer units, and because all the housing is adjacent rowhousing, integrate borhood to the existing it was school building considered important to the new housing into an existing neighfabric by conceptually replicating the 35 36 rowhouse systemization. destroyed and replaced by a series of vertical elements. The classroom module, into which either a residential flat or half a duplex unit fits, is reflected Bay windows are employed in on the only existing bay containing bay of adjacent between closely The to the fenestration width Further, corresponds detached was made, terms of a structural two halves of brick piers and one rowhouse. pier lated in fenestration. corresponds brick facade the closely rowhouses. elements were used a width to Once an aggregate rowhouse and of width strong provide a repetitive sense of verticality reference edge which defines the limits of rowhouse segments. The cornice is of tinuity at the symbolic The masonry the space formu- construct and reinforce the concept. large infilled with tile only contributes building, but space openings between have rowhouses. been partially over concrete block which not to the energy efficiency relieves brings the building bors. Two large the into of the horizontality scale with comunal roof decks and several terraces ing further break the massing of the new structure. rowhouse idea. First, bulk of the existing structure in such a way instead as tional that the new an aggregation. horizontality of the had monolithic building would school on Frankfort and Gove Streets serve to to be broken read Second, the instituthe and its neigh- There were two essential related tasks in developthe but broken at the brick piers, which creates a discon- this discovery to a typical the parti was furnish the design which not had to be There are the two areas proposed Orleans Street, of major new construction design. which is The one story wing in on somewhat dilapidated due Our Lady of Mount Carmel School Application for Permit to Build, 1929 to water seepage in the masonry wall, is to be razed and replaced by a four story addition. new mansarded fourth floor over the existing roof. is to be 37 A constructed Evidence of the capabil- q erit f to 130id. ity of the existing structure to support an additional floor was found in a note on the original structural drawings and on a note on the building EXAMINATION permit jacket. The units are of three basic types. units utilize the existing mezzanine level floor and ceiling. in Six floor, floor. are the One additional and a new the existing levels are referred floor and first on what "k was the to floor. second the proposal as second flat is located on the Five more duplex units are located original constructed the located also referred to in third floor. on These Five duplex floor constructed between the proposal as ground flats first OF1 third floor over what was proposal, these and the levels the new floor existing roof. are referred to In as 29 PLANS AM Note from structural drawings indicating potential for additional floor 38 third and fourth floors. Each NVOer< T Ra - %*M'Nq 6;vg-WCvrrA5 eStf /DoCo/(cr rf /eo/ fr O/~pp~~(D/P 4 4>..r/ ye5 '/r,-o / is 5#ON. /44res carr/'ej 4.6oye ro/ f'ecya 7'( of lower the duplex units a has separate entry at grade, reinforcing the notion of separate bedroom The townhouses. grade above are levels create to located a visual several steps privacy, so one can see out over the street, passersby are too low to see in. living are spaces, i.e. The more public dining from flight one down located kitchen, but and grade living at the ground floor. Two of the larger units have out- door terraces off from the separate space. earth. One bedroom-bath All living the of the carved rooms, larger suite off the out units has main units have study balconies a living overlook- ing double height living rooms. The second floor unit types. three two bedroom units. flats are the They include smallest of the studio, one and Typically they have living- dining spaces publically oriented to Gove Street. bays on Gove The projecting Street help to break the living-dining room into two definable areas. structure. Creating permits reclaiming most The upper level duplexes are entered on the third which floor living possible, kitchens rooms. dining and kitchen, the at located are areas public more the contains the on a is covers a small floor. third duplex, but have have the and study Many of studies which potential are to be building street space. elevations verticality, and a are of serve to order the complex: tripartite down to the base, flat and granite cornice. both open to hallways enclosed and served by one at systems pattern the horizontal overlay. the rowhouse layering, The original and granite belt coursings. con- of two as well as by a shared extelocated square which by those stairways, system net penthouse Means of egress are provided egress units' on school structure has a base of rusticated concrete existing stairways. rior a diagonal are of red added in the rear of the the The walls, face brick and are ing the new of above the topped by a The fourth floor which has been proposal completes the triumvirate of base, middle, and top. amount floor units corridor footage, and the building's efficiency. Three organizational verted to an extra bedroom should the need arise. All upper the rear escape three the stair the units, the fire center the gabled skylighted, units, in floor, fourth of increasing Wherever floor contains bedrooms within a mansarded Also floors, shared of The fourth perimeter with a view of Gove Street. the the floor in a mansard square footage has classical By enclos- form, a large been added without substantially increasing the apparent mass of the building. The lower duplex, to the three flat elevational and different upper layers of unit types of duplex, correspond rusticated base, 39 40 brick middle, and mansard top. The diagonal facade patterning of masonry infill, balcony railings and cornice banding is in counterpoint the vertical and horizontal forces. and out of the face brick plane, to It weaves in tying together disparate facade elements. In contrast to the ornate street facades, the rear of the structure is less formally composed and more planar, as is the case with the adjacent rowhouses. Windows on the rear elevation are larger, to accept the southern sun and offer a view of the foliage at the interior of the block. 41 Ground floor plan 10 42 C D E AF Bl --- --- C D E 20 0 1O First floor plan 20 1 1 43 C D 0 GOv ~ Second floor plan 0 10 20 44 D E IA |B C D E o 10 Third floor plan 20 45 C Al --- ----------- Fourth floor plan I 1l0 210 46- Unit 12- Unit 17 Uni--6.----Unitni Unitni C 145- D 156- I Plan of land in East Boston, 1954 47 e1 ,a~ '1 1'" G O v -, A- .e /' ~ ,3T 37- o PLAN OP LAN* EAST 85OSTON, MASS. AMAN CAY"MLle s4ecW-iJM.tvA -0MN ScAs *Ecam BOB. g. /-* Scipr /%/954 a A .....,A.R~. s.....,.. Section A 48 0 10 20 0 Section B 20 49 =2 444M 0 Ef-,-4 I . 1B n Lust W 0 0 snaim~L~If11K -TL rIL Section C Section D Section E 50 o0 10 20 0 10 20 II I Gove Street elevation 51 to 20 1o 20 Frankfort Street elevation 0 Frankfort Street elevation Orleans Street elevation 52 I Rear elevation 10 20 1o 20 Rear elevation 1 53 wMamm" Elevation of Frankfort Street Elevation o Gove Street Elevation of Orleans Street 54 | - -1,---.-I.,I------ ------ -- 0 2s mmommow- 55 Appendix 1 56 Space Inventory of Our Lady of Mount Carmel School The following is an inventory of floor areas con- tained within the various spaces in First floor Auditorium Girls' toilets Boys' toilets Boiler room Storage room Stairs and corridors Total Total net (excluding stairs and corridors) Second and third floors Classroom Classroom Classroom Classroom Classroom Classroom Office Storage Stairs and corridors Total Total net (excluding stairs and corridors) Building total Building total net 4100 430 285 800 360 995 6970 the school: s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 5975 s.f. 700 s.f. 670 s.f. 865 s.f. 730 s.f. 725 s.f. 640 s.f. 155 s.f. 175 s.f. 1640 s.f. 6300 s.f. 4660 s.f. 19,570 s.f. 15,295 s.f. 57 1 001A Appendix 2 58 11is -- -16-1-1- --- 011INIIIIIIIIIal" 1---- MWKIIMW Space Inventory of Proposed Residential Units The following is an inventory of floor areas con- tained within the proposed residential complex: Unit 1 Ground floor Living-dining room Kitchen Half bath Storage Ancillary First floor Bedroom-study Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total Unit 2 Ground floor Living-dining room Kitchen Storage Ancillary First floor Bedroom Entry Bathroom Storage Ancillary Total 164 s.f. 72 s.f. 25 s.f. 94 s.f. 94 s.f. 270 s.f. 48 s.f. 90 s.f. 28 s.f. 40 s.f. 925 s.f. 446 s.f. 100 s.f. 80 s.f. 40 s.f. 175 s.f. 42 s.f. 40 s.f. 45 s.f. 100 s.f. 1088 s.f. Unit 3 Ground floor Living-dining room Study Kitchen Breakfast area Bedroom Bathroom Study Storage Ancillary (Terrace) First floor Bedroom Bedroom Bedroom Study Bathroom Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total 59 470 s.f. 121 s.f. 110 s.f. 70 s.f. 130 s.f. 44 s.f. 160 s.f. 50 s.f. 94 s.f. 192 138 121 220 44 44 10U 106 160 2374 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 60 Unit 4 Ground floor Living-dining room Kitchen Breakfast area Study Half bath Storage Ancillary (Terrace) First floor Bedroom Bedroom Bedroom Study Bathroom Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total 367 126 65 67 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 22 s.f. 22 s.f. 40 s.f. 208 s.f. 158 s.f. 115 100 44 44 90 110 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 130 s.f. 1708 s.f. Unit 5 Ground floor Living-dining room Kitchen Half bath Storage Ancillary First floor Bedroom Bedroom Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total 80 63 160 1265 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. Unit 6 Living-dining room Kitchen Bedroom Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total 295 110 118 44 54 42 20 683 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 312 s.f. 100 s.f. 25 s.f. 21 s.f. 106 s.f. 186 s.f. 168 s.f. 44 s.f. Unit 7 Living-dining-sleeping Kitchen Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary (Terrace) Total 350 s.f. 80 s.f. 44 s.f. 55 s.f. 46 s.f. 24 s.f. 593 s.f. Unit 8 Living-dining room Kitchen Bedroom Bedroom Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total 312 74 178 166 44 36 100 86 996 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. Unit 9 Living-dining room Kitchen Bedroom Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total 390 68 187 44 60 30 40 819 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. Unit 10 Living-dining room Kitchen Bedroom Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total Unit 11 Living-dining room Kitchen Bedroom Bedroom Study Bathroom Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary (Terrace) Total 61 256 s.f. 76 s.f. 137 s.f. 44 s.f. 35 s.f. 60 s.f. 60 s.f. 718 s.f. 476 145 212 130 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 150 s.f. 44 44 105 95 110 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 1511 s.f. 62 Unit 12 Third Floor Living-dining room Kitchen Entry Storage Ancillary Fourth Floor Bedroom Bedroom Study Bathroom Bathroom Storage Ancillary Total Unit 13 Living-dining-sleeping Kitchen Bathroom Entry Storage Ancillary Total Unit 14 430 s.f. 80 s.f. 70 s.f. 16 s.f. 50 s.f. 186 s.f. 152 s.f. 115 s.f. 44 s.f. 144 s.f. 65 s.f. 170 s.f. 1522 s.f. 350 80 44 55 40 24 593 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. Third floor Living room Dining room Study Kitchen Entry Half bath Storage Ancillary (Terrace) Fourth floor Bedroom Bedroom Bedroom Study Half bath Bathroom Storage Ancillary (Terrace) Total 225 140 132 138 75 25 35 110 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 182 140 136 110 24 44 70 150 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 1736 s.f. Unit 15 Third floor Living room Dining room Kitchen Entry Half bath Storage Ancillary Fourth floor Bedroom Bedroom Bedroom Study Half bath Bathroom Storage Ancillary Total 340 140 138 45 25 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 32 s.f. 180 s.f. 182 s.f. 138 s.f. 120 s.f. 115 24 44 44 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 124 s.f. 1631 s.f. Unit 16 Third floor Living-dining room Kitchen Entry Half bath Storage Ancillary Fourth floor Bedroom Bedroom Bedroom Study Half bath Bathroom Storage Ancillary Total 63 310 121 30 30 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 40 s.f. 150 s.f. 180 s.f. 132 126 120 24 44 40 124 1471. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 64 Unit 17 Third floor Living-dining room Kitchen Entry Bedroom Bedroom Half bath Bathroom Study Storage Ancillary Fourth floor Bedroom Bedroom Study Bathroom Storage Ancillary Total 448 136 86 236 132 27 45 70 86 110 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. 236 130 70 45 44 156 2057 s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f. s.f.