Transforming
Our
Trash:
Working with the “TOT’s” Through Sustainability at
the University of Wisconsin - Stout
Matt Wilson, Dan Rosas, Michael Lybert, Cassie Schneider
Table of Contents
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Initial Problem Statement and Goal Document...........................................3
Project Timeline........................................................................................................6
Introduction.............................................................................................................11
Current Conditions & Veolia Environmental Services..............................18
Implementation of Vermicomposting at the CFSC..................................20
Implementing the System on Campus, Proposal......................................26
Conclusion...............................................................................................................31
Email Correspondence........................................................................................32
Press Release...........................................................................................................70
Works Cited..............................................................................................................72
Gallery of Images...................................................................................................76
Thank You................................................................................................................78
Initial Problem Statement and Goals
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Topic Choice
As a class we were asked to ideate changes or improvements we would like to make to the community. Our
ideas ranged from working with the Library on campus to reduce the energy consumption, continuing the
effort of placing solar panels on the Johnson Fieldhouse, determining the cause of murky waters in Lake
Menomin and finding a solution, and finding an effective solution to composting on campus. Each person
had to write down their top three topics they were interested in and we were placed in groups accordingly.
We chose to work with composting on campus because we are interested in the topic of composting and
have had hands on experience with the composting efforts on campus. We also felt that we had a good
chance of implementing a composting system on campus and were eager to find an effective system.
Problem
UW- Stout’s compostable, back of the house waste is being trucked off-site to Eau Claire. This is possibly a
waste of energy and resources, and something we intend to research and hopefully remedy through our
work this semester.
What we Need to Know
· Gain understanding as to how composting works. Find out ideal conditions for food to break down and
the resulting compost being usable.
· Research the current situation and business plan worked out between UW-Stout and Veolia services.
· Research other universities in the area and their plan for composting on-site, and the pros and cons of
each system.
· See if there are funds available through the university to implement a system, preferably this year.
· Work with the chefs and employees at UW-Stout to create and implement a plan that would work.
Initial Key Campus Contacts (E-mail Context)
Krista James or Bio Professor
How composting works, what are the different styles of on-site composting, what is the timeline for breaking
down different materials, is there a benefit to having worms involved in the break-down process, etc.
Greensense
What are the possible uses of compost after it is broken down, would the university have a use for the
resulting mixture, overall ideas for implementing a structure sooner rather than later, etc.
Veolia
What is your operation, numbers and facts for UW-Stout (how often, how much), do you offer anything else
for composting services.
Whoever plans campus waste/budgeting
Find out who this is, ask about budgeting, ask about implementation
Sarah Rykal
Gain further information of the sustainability of UW-Stout, seeing if there is a way to implement even a
smaller system.
Chef David Leach
Find out what system would work best for composting back of the house AND front of the house waste,
what has been tried by Stout before and why did it fail, what are the plans for the future if there are any, have
you considered on-site composting even just a portion of food waste, etc.
Ann Theis
Find out about the new kitchen being built, the current deal with Veolia, what has been tried by Stout before
and why did it fail, what are the plans for the future if there are any, have you considered on-site composting
even just a portion of food waste, etc.
We are each responsible for concentrating on two of these contacts and relaying the information and
research to the rest of the group.
Initial contact made this week, with face-to-face or phone meetings hopefully next week.
Initial Timeline
-By Tuesday, have at least 10 questions for each contact. Make these questions centered on the current
operations.
-By Wednesday the 10th, have questions available to them either printed or by email so they have time to
consider their answer. Have a meeting scheduled, even if by phone.
-By Tuesday the 16th, have initial questions answered and completed, so we can collate it all for our Feb 18th
presentation.
Project Timeline
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2/2/10
o Got into groups, made a list of what makes a good group
o Exchanged contact information
2/4/10
o Present overview of initial plan
o Made a list of initial contacts
o Matt: Krista James/Amanda Little, Sarah Rykal
o Dan: Greensense, Chef David Leach
o Michael: Veolia, Campus Budgeting
o Cassie: Ann Theis
-Sent email to Ann Theis
2/9/10
o Dan contacted Linda Walsh- received more contacts
o Michael contacted Jerald Smith from Veolia
o Received food waste weights for 1/26-2/5
2/10/10
o Received information from Jake Vennie-Vollrath (Americorp volunteer)
o Gave us contact information for
§ Sarah Rykal- Campus Sustainabilty Coordinator
§ Jordan Chablowski- has been attempting composting projects
§ Lee Jensen- Five Star Dairy- sells compost from his digester
§ Chris Kraft (wife Karla works at the co-op)- does his own composting and may know
people interested in buying compost
o Suggested looking into a possible community garden project on campus or a community
greenhouse
2/11/10
o Received email from Martha Daines informing us that Judy Gifford is interested in doing a composting
project at the CFSC
o Matt contacted Judy Gifford informing her that we were interested in working with her and the CFSC
o Dan contacted Chef Dave with questions about how University Dining Services is composting
2/16/10
o Met with Ann Theis and got a tour of Commons Dining Facility
o Created powerpoint of current composting situation at Stout to present to the class on Thursday
2/18/10
o Progress report to class- Stage 1: How does process currently work?
o Received email back from Judy Gifford and set up times to meet with her
2/19/10
o Met with Judy Gifford and discussed current operations at the CFSC and potential solutions to
composting on-site. Also met with teachers at the CFSC and everyone is very excited about composting.
2/23/10
o Discussed different types of composting for the CFSC and placement of the bin.
o We decided to use vermicomposting and began looking at worm bins.
o Gave a few suggestions for worm bins and books for the CFSC to purchase
o Present overview of project proposals and plan to class/instructor
2/25/10
o Went to CFSC and observed the children during lunch
o Discussed worm bins and looked at the custodial area and furnace room for placement of the worm bin
o Toured Veolia
3/2/10
o Judy emailed Donna Meyer-Klick (Bureau of Early Care Regulation) to see if there were guidelines to
having a composting system inside or outside of the CFSC. Emails were forwarded to us.
o The worm bin inside is fine as long as it is tightly sealed to prevent leaking and odor
3/11/10
o Met with Judy and showed her the worm bin we priced out so she could purchase it.
o Discussed timelines of when we would like to order the bin, set it up and get it started
3/15/10
o Worked on powerpoint presentation of feasibility of each of our concepts
3/16/10
o Dan emailed Chef Dave again inquiring about the progress of back of the house and front of the house
composting
o Chef Dave informed us that most of the front of the house compost is contaminated but
our back of the house composting is doing very well
3/18/10
o Progress report to class- Stage 2: Feasibility?
3/29/10
o Judy informed us that they received the worm bin, they have assembled it and prepared the bedding for
when the worms arrive
o Worms have been shipped
4/1/10
o Worms arrived at CFSC.
o Met with Judy at CFSC to set up the worm bin.
4/6/10
o Met with Judy at CFSC to see how the worm bin was coming along.
o A few children were able to “feed the worms” by putting in cut up apple pieces. They were very excited.
o Laminated posters and hung up one above the worm bin.
o Matt created initial press release.
4/8/10
o Begin written report, think about final presentation
o Shared our progress with the class.
4/12/10
o Met with Judy and teachers from CFSC and the Infant./Toddler Annex and informed them of our plan with
the worm bins. Told them what can and cannot go in bins.
4/13/10
o Met with Judy at the CFSC and taught the children about the worm bins, what to put in them and added
green buckets that are used for food waste
4/14/10
o Met with Judy and teachers from CFSC and the Infant./Toddler Annex and informed them of our plan with
the worm bins. Told them what can and cannot go in bins.
Introduction
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Since January 25th 2010 University of Wisconsin Stout has partnered with Veolia Environmental Services and
began composting food waste from its two dining halls. The waste is picked up twice a week and brought to
Seven Mile Creek Landfill. There is an estimated 2 ½ tons of compostable food waste picked up a week. The
university pays $133 for each trip made by Veolia, and an additional $25 per ton. The University is expressing
a great interest in composting their food waste to reduce their environmental impact.
This project started with a full analysis of the composting effort of University of Wisconsin Stout and the
processes of Veolia. Extensive research of different types of composting was conducted to determine if there
is a more efficient method that may be implemented.
There are several types of commercial composting available. Vermicomposting, passive windrows and earth
tubs can potentially be successful systems able to handle the amount of food waste produced by Stout.
General Composting
How Composting Works
Composting is basically the natural process of decomposing organic materials. Microorganisms are
responsible for most of the decomposition. They change the chemical composition of the materials. Aeorbic
bacteria uses the carbon and nitrogen present as a source of energy and to build proteins. This oxidization
process creates a lot of thermal energy. The high temperature greatly reduces the growth of unwanted
bacteria and weeds. Macroorganism, like mites, worms and other small animals, assist the microorganisms
by breaking down the food. In the end, the organisms leave behind a rich soil like substance rich with plant
nutrients and many other environmental benefits.
Helps the Environment
Composting dramatically reduces the volume of waste. After the composting process is complete the
volume of the waste has decreased by about 30-50% and completely avoids the landfill. The compost can
be used to reduce erosion. Because of its coarse physical structure and absorbent qualities it can be used
as mulch for erosion control. It can also be used for wetland restoration. Compost has a similar composition
to natural soil in wetlands and can be used as a replacement to encourage the growth of native species.
Microbes in compost are able to degrade toxic materials and it is used for bioremediation of contaminated
soils.
Five Steps to Composting
Preparation- Waste must be screened for contaminants. Materials can also be ground to reduce particle size
for easy handling, mixing, and faster digesting.
Digestion – (Also cold decomposition) microorganisms, worms and fungi rapidly decompose the organic
waste. Aerobic digestion requires oxygen through turning, vents or fans.
Curing- an additional two weeks may be required to allow compost to stabilize.
Finishing- Screening grinding or other processes are done to remove any contaminates.
Storing- Compost is in greatest demand around spring and fall. So the compost produced during the rest of
the year needs to be stored.
(Satriana P 44-47)
Helps Plant Life
Humus is the byproduct generated by the composting system. It can be of various compositions but is
composed primarily of hydrogen, carbon-hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen (Walter p. 220). Humus works
wonders on growing healthy plants. It is very absorbent, which increases its capacity to carry minerals, water,
and carbon. It acts like a buffer to prevent plant against excess of sodium, magnesium, and other minerals. It
also provides a good source of nutrients, including nitrogen carbon phosphorous and sulfur (Walter p. 226).
Where the Waste Will Come From
The food scraps will initially be pre-consumer waste generated by food preparations in the kitchen. There
will be integration with the groundskeepers to place their grass clipping, leaves and other yard litter into
the composter. Paper scraps from campus offices and paper from recycling bins around campus will be
collected, shredded and placed into the system.
What the Fertilizer Could be Used For
The natural fertilizer produced by the worms could then be used on the campus grounds, donated to the
community garden project, or sold to local farms.
The compost could also be dontated to the community garden. Menomonie city council has recently passed
a motion to allow a community garden to be held at Phalen Park. Project leaders Jessica Padellford and Jake
Vennie-Vollrath have worked hard on the community garden project and they are currently excepting plot
rental forms. http://www.menomoniecommunitygardens.com/index.html 4/29/2010
The compost from campus could be donated to the gardeners. It could be brought to the garden and stored
there for later used or the gardeners could pick it up from campus themselves.
Types of Large Scale Composting at UW-Stout
There are several different ways to implement a large scale composting system. By explaining the
requirements and operations of the different types of composting there will be a better understanding
of what UW-Stout would have to do. The three most practical types of composting are as follows,
Vermicomposting, Earth Tubs, and Active Windrows.
Vermicomposting
Also known as worm composting, is especially successful because the worms speed up the process and
increase the quality of the compost. In order to set up and develop a vermicomposting system at University
of Wisconsin-Stout the following must be considered.
Types of Vermicomposting
Windrow- a long row of material two to eight feet tall with a mixture of food scraps, bulking agents and
worms. When harvesting the compost from this system it is recommended to remove the worms.
Wedge System- a type of windrow where the fresh material is placed against the first windrow at a 45 degree
angle. The worms from the first windrow will eventually migrate to the fresh feed. The benefit of this system
is that the worms do not need to be removed when harvesting.
Bins or beds- Compost is placed in horizontally orientated troft like container called a bed. This system is
very labor intensive because it has to be filled and harvested by hand. These beds are typically between four
to seven feet wide with an appropriate length. Similar to the wedge system the fresh waste is added next to
the older waste and the worms migrate towards the fresh feed leaving behind the valuable compost.
Considerations of a Vermicompost System
Funding-The UW-Stout campus will need to raise the required funding for the initial installation costs. A clear
outline will be laid out to demonstrate the monthly saving and determine the amount of time it will take to
surpass the initial cost. The federal government can grant money to projects relative to the national good.
State grants by presenting how the project will improve the environment. Solicit funds from local buisnesses
who could also contribute their compost. Use municipal money by first getting local government official on
board with the project. Receive private donations from people supporting the project.
Site and space restrictions
A typical windrow will be 4-10 feet wide, by 2 to3 feet high, and an appropriate length for the amount of
material.
State and local regulations- Facilities may compost less then 500 cubic feet of food waste with minimal
regulatory requirements. UW-Stout must provide site location to the DNR. Staff will then visit the location to
make sure it meets the location criteria. Facilities that will have more then 500 cubic feet will need initial site
inspection and written plan of operation approval from the DNR.
dnr.wi.gov
Availability of labor- Faculty and student will need to be trained and available to work. There will need to be
someone to monitor the temperature, moisture, and PH on a daily basis. Several operators will be needed to
screen and collect compost.
Possible Equipment Needed
Mechanical harvester- Castings can be scooped and screened using a mechanical harvester.
Front end loader- Can be used to turn and collect the compost.
Transport Vehicle- A large truck will be needed to transport food waste from the dining halls to composting
location and then the finished product will need to be transported to the desired destination.
Procedures
When starting a windrow system, begin by spreading 12-14 inches of organic material, food waste mixed
with shredded paper, and yard scraps, to the appropriate length of the windrow.
Add redworms, 1 lb per square foot of food waste.
Extend the width of the windrow when adding subsequent organic waste.
Once the desired width is achieved, additional waste can be used to start a new windrow off of the first one.
Worms will move laterally through the windrows.
After two to six months the vermicastings and organic fertilizer can be harvested.
The worms will migrate from windrow to windrow once the casting are ready for harvesting.
Operating
Temperature control- Worms desire a temperature of fifteen to twenty degrees Celsius, moisture content of
65-80%, Ph between five and nine. This system will generate a lot of heat and must be monitored, operators
have to be concerned about the contribution of solar heat and should find a location with minimal sunlight
during the hot summer months. Adding water or using fans can be used in order to reduce the heat. If high
temperatures continue to persist, reducing the amount of waste added will help cool the system.
Benefits
No turning necessary. If using the wedge system the worms do not need to be removed when harvesting.
It is a pollution free process because the digestion prevent the release of methane and other pollutant. It
produces no odor or leachate. This type of system is very cost competitive and has very low start up cost
comparatively. It has the ability to process many types of organic waste but food with high fat content and
dairy product should be limited. Vermicomposting produces a high value end product that can be very
beneficial to our local environment.
Earth Tubs
Fully enclosed composting vessel featuring power mixing, compost aeration, and biofiltration of all process
air. Made by Green Mountain Technologies
Proposal
Purchase Several Earth Tubs to be located on campus near the dining halls to be used for composting.
Process
Loading- Food scraps and yard waste can be added through large hatch on top. Other dry materials, such as
shredded paper, can also be added to achieve proper moisture level.
Food waste is generally very moist and a dry bulking agent must be added to balance the moisture and
porosity. Bulking Agents include wood shaving, wood chips, leaves, shredded paper, and hay.
Mixing
Earth tubs include an electric auger that will mix and shred the contents. The rotating cover mixes the
outside and center of the Earth Tub. The auger will shred a mix a ton of compost in 10-15 minutes. The
compost should be mixed twice a week.
Temperature Control
Like other composting methods temperature control is a crucial element. If the compost has proper aeration
it will maintain a desired temperature and not develop undesirable odors. If the outdoor temperature is
below 10˚ F the system would then need to heating from an outside source. This is to prevent the system
from freezing.
Operating
The Earth Tub draws air through the compost and forces it through the biofiltration system that purifies the
air. The access liquids are collected and disposed. Overall, the Earth Tub system’s cleanliness allows it to be
located near campus where the food waste is generated.
The heat generated accelerates the composting process. Earth Tub breaks down the food scraps 70% by
volume. After three to four weeks the discharge latch can be opened and turning the auger on will remove
the compost. The Food will be pushed out of the system. To ensure stabilization allow the compost to cure
for 20-40 days.
Capacity
It is capable of processing as little as 40 lbs a day or as much as 500 lbs a day. Each unit has a total of 3200
lbs biomass capacity. If 40 lbs are added each day it will take 13 weeks to fill, 3.5 weeks if 150 lbs are added
each day, and one week if 500 lbs are added each day.
What Can be Composted
Material should be less them 2 inches in diameter. Kitchen scraps and post consumer plate scraping from
the dining halls can be collected but will need to be screened for contaminates. Shredded paper, cardboard,
napkins and other absorbant paper products may also be added.Bulking agents like yard and garden waste
should make up half of the contents. Meats, cheeses and fatty foods can only be 10% of total volume.
Requirements
Staff and consumer training
Moisture and temperature monitoring
Separate containers in kitchen and in dining area- need to be clearly labeled.
Space for the tubs (see dimensions below)
Land for storing compost during curing period and off season
Dimensions: 68” tall 90” diameter.
Weight- 450 lbs
Volume- 3 cubic yards
Mixing Auger- 12” diameter stainless steal
Power usage- 1080 kWh annually
Capacity- 40-150 lbs per day
Estimated- cost $9975 per unit.
Current Conditions and Veolia Environmental Services
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Veolia Environmental Services recently began a windrow composting operation at the Seven Mile Creek
landfill in Eau Claire Wisconsin. They collect a combination of compostable materials from various businesses
and clean up operations around the Chippewa Valley. These materials are then put into large rows and
mixed to produce a rich soil that they use to cover the landfill when it is full.
Windrow Composting Process
The process that Veolia is using is a basic windrow composting process. The windrow composting process
is ideal for large operations with substantial access to easily compostable materials. Compostable materials
are mixed to include ideal moisture content and then put into the row. In most situations the materials with
higher moisture content are put into the center of the composting row to create greater heat and accelerate
the process. The heat and moisture are monitored in the windrows to determine when they will need to
be turned or aerated. Windrow composting is an aerobic process so the turning of the rows is critical to
keep an adequate amount of oxygen into the rows. The proper combination of heat and oxygen can greatly
speed up the composting process creating a quick turnaround time.
The composting windrows are divided into three zones, as you can see in the illustration below. Zone #
1 represents the Dead Zone, or the anaerobic spot that normally begins immediately in a newly formed
windrow. Zone # 2 is the most active zone it is the hottest and has the most biological activity. This zone is
the ideal area for composting. The temperatures in Zone #2 have to be monitored closely, because if they
get too high beneficial bacteria can begin to be destroyed. The third zone or zone # 3 is the outer portion of
the row. It is loosely packed and is cooler than Zone #2 but warmer than Zone #1. Bacterial activity in this
Zone #3 slows down rapidly as the moisture evaporates and cool air penetrates the surface of the windrow.
UW-Stout's Current Situation
UW- Stout is currently utilizing Veolia’s services to compost food scraps from the kitchens and
cafeterias on campus. The UW-Stout campus generates around 3 tons of compostable material weekly;
this material is picked up by Veolia twice a week. Veolia’s trucks travel approximately 60 miles round trip to
collect the compost from the university.
The main concern with this operation is the amount of resources being used to move the compost
to a location that is 30 miles away. The university is also paying for this service when it could be benefiting
from it by using the compost to fertilize campus or selling the compost. Shipping the compost to Veolia
will cost the university approximately $17,732 yearly based on current rates and an average compostable
material produced by the campus. The current situation with Veolia also releases approximately 4000 tons
of CO2 into the atmosphere on a yearly basis (“Carbon Fund”).
UW-Stout’s agreement with Veolia is not ideal; however, it is a great step in the right direction. Veolia
is currently the only company accepting compost in the area. By shipping its food waste to Veolia to have
it composted, UW-Stout will also save approximately 156 tons of waste from being put into the landfill on
a yearly basis. At this time the universities partnership with Veolia is a good starting place for UW-Stout’s
venture into composting.
Implementation of Vermicomposting at the CFSC
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While we were discussing possible on-campus composting systems, we were informed that Judy Gifford,
director at the Child and Family Study Center, was interested in implementing a composting system at the
CFSC. We decided that taking on this task as a side project would be a fantastic way to promote composting
and to educate children about the importance of composting and recycling.
The Child and Family Study Center is designed for children ages six weeks through six years and also serves
as a laboratory school for professional development in teacher education. The building is located on 811
Sixth Street in Menomonie. Other programs are located on campus in the Home Economics building. These
programs include the Infant/Toddler Program, children ages six weeks through three years, and the Preschool Program, for children ages three through age six. While working with the Child and Family Study
Center, we hope to incorporate the other programs into the vermicomposting as well.
We met with Judy Gifford February 19, 2010 and discussed current operations at the CFSC. Judy informed
us that the daily menus meet Child & Adult Care Food Program requirements, some include healthy meals,
regulated servings based on age, and the food is served family style then served to the children. Each day,
the CFSC receives their food from University Dining Services, and also uses compostable dining utensils from
Eco-products.
On February 25, 2010 our group went to the CFSC and observed the children during lunch. We found that
the staff serves everyone one measured entrée while the kids serve their own sides and pour their own milk.
When the meal is over, the children scrape their own dishes into different tubs. One tub is for dishes, one for
napkins, and one for food. The dishes are washed and the food and napkins are thrown in the garbage. The
total waste per meal was about ½-3 gallons.
After observing the process of serving, eating, and cleaning at the CFSC, we discussed possible solutions to
on-site composting systems. Through extensive research our team decided that a worm bin would be the
ultimate solution because the turnaround time for compost is accelerated with red wigglers, the compost
could be used in the garden, and most of the food they serve will be compostable in the worm system. Most
importantly, we felt the children would enjoy learning about how the worms turn their food into compost.
Vermicomposting is the process of using worms to break down organic waste into material containing
nutrients for plant growth. Little maintenance is required with vermicomposting because the worms do all
of the work and they do not need to be fed everyday. Some monitoring is required, however, to ensure food
is not rotting and worms are not dying. We felt that this low maintenance process would also fit in well with
the busy schedules at the CFSC.
We discussed where the worm bin would be located. Outside the main entrance of the building we found
an area that would work perfect for the worm bin because it is away from the building but not too far away
that a teacher could not get to it. We discussed having the worm bin fenced in so that the children or other
people would not tamper with the bin. Due to the ever-changing weather in Wisconsin, the compost in the
bin as well as the food would freeze and thaw, and the worms would die. Also, an outdoor worm bin might
attract rodents to the facility and that is unsafe and unsanitary for the children. Ultimately, the worm bin
would need to be placed inside the building.
Judy contacted Donna Meyer-Klick from the Bureau of Early Care Regulation to see if there were guidelines
to having a composting system inside the CFSC. Donna Meyer-Klick informed us that the indoor worm bin
would be fine as long as it is tightly sealed to prevent leaking and odor.
Our experience with Industrial Design led us to believe that we would be able to make our own worm bin.
However, we wanted the worm bin to be water tight and odorless. These are things we could not guarantee
with our hand made bin.
Additional research from the internet and through catalogs led us to a tray system that would allow for the
worms to move up the system as they compost. This bin is compact and would fit great in the space that
Judy provided. The worm bin we chose is from Worm Factory and has five trays. While the CFSC does not
leave behind much waste from meals, we thought that the five trays would be good to have in case the
Infant/Toddler Program decided to join our efforts in composting.
On March 29, 2010, Judy informed us that they received the worm bin, assembled it, and prepared the
bedding for when the worms arrive. The worms arrived April 1, 2010 and we met with Judy to finish setting
up worm bin. We finished the bedding of coir, damp and dry shredded newspaper, and wet leaves from
outside. Then we put in a small serving of pureed fruit in one corner of the bin and dropped the worms in.
Immediately, we could see the worms squirming towards the food.
We met with Judy April 6, 2010 to see how the worm bin was coming along. Fortunately, there were children
still at the CFSC and they were able to feed the worms small apple pieces. It was great to see how excited the
children were to interact with the worms and share their knowledge of worm with us. That week they had
been learning about worms and what they eat.
April 13, 2010 we met again at the CFSC to teach the children how to properly separate their food waste.
We supplied them with green buckets, which would now be used for the food waste that would go into the
worm bin. Posters were made to teach the children about composting, the worm bin system and to label
each bucket. Plastic food was brought in as well as a garbage can and a green bucket. The children were
asked which food goes in which bucket.
Prior to this, we had met with a few teachers from the CFSC on April 12, 2010 to inform them of our plan
with the worm bins. We told them our reasoning behind choosing the worm bins, what food waste can and
cannot go into the bins, and answered any questions that they had and that parents might have. On April 14,
2010, we met with the second half of the teachers from both the CFSC and from the Infant/Toddler Annex.
The teachers from the Infant/Toddler Annex seemed very excited about the progress we have been making
at the CFSC and seem interested in possibly starting their own worm bin. We told the teachers that the
worms would continue to reproduce and eventually create an entire ecosystem within the worm bin. They
will reach their carrying capacity and stop reproducing until they become a stabilized environment again.
The capacity of the worm bin is 5,000-6,000 at which point oxygen and room to move are too depleted for
the worms to live. By the teachers from the Infant/Toddler Annex taking some of the worms from the CFSC,
they are prolonging the time until the carrying capacity is met in the CFSC worm bin.
It is estimated that breeding worms can lay two or three cocoons per week that will hatch in 21 days, with
each cocoon hatching two or three worms that will mature in 60-90 days. Worms understand the ecological
concept of carrying capacity much better than humans do. Eventually, the worm population stabilizes at
levels that can be supported by the food scraps added and by the availability of room to move and breed.
We receive updates from Judy about the worm bin and we try to visit often so we can monitor and make
sure everything is going well. Judy has informed us that there is mold growing in one corner of the worm
bin and we found that adding too much acidic food causes mold to grow. We have informed her that the
moldy pieces can be removed and to monitor how much acidic food is being placed in the bin.
Future plans for the worm bin at the Child and Family Study Center entail upkeep with the worm bin by
monitoring what is put in it and how the worms react to different types of food. The monitoring could be
done by Judy or the other teachers at the CFSC. Eventually there will be compost in the first bin and in future
bins that can be used in the gardens near the building. It is our hopes that by having the worm bin at the
CFSC we will educate children and the general public of ways to be sustainable on campus.
Worm Factory DS5BT 5 Tray Worm Composter
Example of CFSC menu
Example of Carrying Capacity
Future Windrow Composting at UW-Stout
Windrow composting requires a great amount of space and resources to be effective. The space
required also has to be suitable for the composting process. The areas that this composting is done in are
usually secluded and fenced off to keep animals away from the operation. The DNR regulates areas that
are approved for composting of more than 20,000 cubic yards of yard materials or over 500 cubic yards of
vegetable food scraps (“Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources”). The DNR requires large composting
operations to have specific site plans and site inspections. Windrow composting also requires a substantial
equipment investment. Equipment would be required to haul the waste, mix and stack the compost, and to
remove and clean the compost. This equipment would cause the initial start up cost of the operations to be
very high.
Starting windrow composting at the university alone would be nearly impossible. UW-Stout is a
campus that is completely within the city limits of Menomonie. The campus is fairly small and does not have
much open space that could be considered a practical site to start a windrow composting operation. Even if
space could be found to put this operation on campus the operation has to be approved space by the DNR,
there would also be regulations that are put forth by the city. The windrow composting process isn’t the
most attractive looking or smelling composting process that exists. It is highly unlikely that the city would
allow composting of this sort to go on within city limits.
If UW-Stout wanted to go ahead with any kind of windrow composting the university would need to
reach out to the community for help. The university could possibly partner with area businesses, the city,
and possibly even the county. Together these groups could create enough capital to cover equipment costs.
The city or the county could also zone a remote piece of land and prepare it for the composting operation.
This composting operation could create compost to be used by the partners for community gardens or sold
as fertilizers to help cover the costs of operations. UW-Stout could benefit by being able to employ or give
students credits for monitoring the composting operation also.
Implementing the System on Campus, Proposal
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Our team witnessed very successful results when implementing a worm composting system in the
Child and Family Study Center. Not only did do many more people know about the benefits of composting
your own waste, but the school will soon have a flourishing garden. Perhaps this garden will grow
vegetables for the children to eat, thus bring their project full circle, with worms and our work with them
being the catalyst. The children have been exposed to this “green” movement at such a young age that this
knowledge will stick with them, and hopefully their parents are indirectly gaining insight to composting and
possibly making a system at home.
The children were able to adapt to their new system of cleaning off plates and organizing what they
used to just lump together and trash. We worked with them very closely, made signage, and held sessions
with plastic food to help them understand why worms cannot eat certain foods.
Our main mainstay in this finding is the fact that three to five year olds figured it out after only a
couple weeks, and are reaping the benefits as early as this month. A fundamental analogy surfaced: if we can
teach preschoolers to successfully use the device, why can’t we teach college students the same? We could
not answer with a solid rebuttal, so our new goal is obviously the transition of this success to other places on
campus. More dorms or eateries doing this would have a dramatic affect on the campus, costs, and possibly
even tuition if implemented correctly.
The University of Wisconsin-Stout has a beautiful campus. However, it comes at a price. It costs tens
of thousands of dollars to mow, landscape, and maintain the wonderful lawns and gardens (not to mention
sports fields and natural areas) that are here at UW-Stout. We could cut this cost substantially by putting
natural, neutral-cost, and nutritious compost on our land here.
«Analysis of worm castings reveals they are richer in plant nutrients than soil, about 2 times more calcium,
5 times more nitrogen, and 7 times more phosphorus and potassium» - K.P. Barley Ph.D., Advances in Agronomy
The worms that the system uses are called Red Wiggler worms (Eisenia Foetida, pictured at left).
They thrive in conditions that other earthworms cannot survive in, and love to eat rotting vegetation and
compost, and therefore are rarely found naturally in soil. The worms can eat up to their own body weight in
food every day. All of these are reasons why it is the preferable for vermicomposting.
Through the nutritious foods given through the cafeterias here at Stout, there is a large volume of
“Worm Tea” that would be available. Also called Compost Tea or other nicknames, this liquid is full of the
same microbial activity as the compost. Considering that most of what Stout would compost would be
moisture-rich foods (like fruits and vegetables), this miracle fertilizer could benefit the entire campus.
Earlier, several other options for on-campus composting were presented, all with various start-up and
maintenance costs. It is tough to determine when exactly a break-even point would be; there are so many
variables, some that students and staff cannot control.
We believe that the quickest way to get there would be several small-scale systems where the startup cost would be at a minimum. After careful consideration, we came to the conclusion that Stout would
benefit from the installation of worm composting systems in various buildings on campus. Considering the
worms need a constant, average temperature, if the university had a single, large, outdoor system, there
would need to be an enclosure with heat built in, or some sort of fencing, slab, and heat draw that would
protect it from damage, temperature, and other elements. Why not use the structures that UW-Stout already
has built? The basements of buildings on campus offer a damp(er) and darker environment with less activity
in the surrounding area. All of these conditions are very favorable to the worms, as they create their own
ecosystem in the bins.
Having the system spread out between dormitories would be a great way to spread public relations
for UW-Stout, involve students in a “competitive” atmosphere, give credit out for maintaining the systems,
and of course cut costs, thus helping the entire triple bottom line in sustainability.
The University of Wisconsin – Stout has long been taking steps in the right direction towards a
greener campus, especially recently. With the addition of a Sustainable Design and Development minor,
what better way to show how well it works than to keep waste in-house, and benefit from it. As a campus,
we can attract new applicants locally and from several states away with this kind of good press.
Whether it is bantering about recent test scores, intramural sports, or seeing who can polish off the
entire dollar-menu first, college students love to compete. If every dormitory was to have a system in the
basement, several challenges could be presented and rewards handed out. This would also indirectly raise
awareness about other recycling efforts on campus. UW-Stout has always been competitive in terms of the
amount of recycling done on campus, but there is always room for improvement.
To make sure it isn’t crumpled Dorito bags being thrown in to the composter, we suggest there being
someone responsible for the minimal system upkeep. After the ecology of the bin is heartily underway, only
emptying the completed compost and adding new scraps would be needed. If a student or Resident Advisor
were to volunteer a little time to do this, great! But even a better solution could earn Sustainability and
Ecology students extra credit, Co-Op credit, or simply a good project to tackle for a semester.
A very important piece of implementing any project like this one is the bottom line, or as learned in
our sustainability class, the “Triple Bottom Line”.
The triple bottom line is an important consideration when referring to sustainability. It is a three-pillared
approach to the idea, and sustainability is successful when People, Planet, and Profits all benefit. A system
like this would be very sustainable, because people would feel better about their community, it is very green
for the earth, and Stout would save money.
People would benefit through this project several ways. One of the more impactful benefits of
recycling and composting is the feeling of caring one gets. It is addictive, contagious, and can brighten your
whole week. Of course, people would learn about and be introduced to vermicomposting. After seeing the
benefits, smarter, happier people could implement these systems around Menomonie.
The planet (or the immediate area around us) would benefit substantially from these systems if they
caught on, and is the easiest advantage to identify in the triple bottom line system. Windrow composting
was just an idea at Veolia, but now look at the effect it has on the Chippewa Valley! Less trash, healthier
plants, and organic eating is all great for the community. When people think about the groceries they buy
so that they have scraps to give to the worms, they will inherently eat healthier right from the get go. Then,
they throw away less waste volume wise, helping out the landfill as well as their own pocketbooks. To
complete the cycle, people can use the compost on their own garden (or in this case, UW-Stout’s garden, or
new greenhouse on the Jarvis 3rd floor) to produce healthy, chemically free, and huge produce. It is hard to
argue that this arrangement would be negative for the earth in almost any way.
As with most things in America and the world, money is king. This idea wouldn’t have any staying
power if it cost the university thousands to maintain. In reality, UW-Stout could make money off of this
system. Through our research around the community, the only way a few farmers from Menomonie get
fresh worm castings is shipping them in from Vermont! Through the Co-Op and farmer’s market, we could
sell this “black gold” and worm tea to the public, and use that money to pay the students that maintain the
system, or of course other parts of campus. The initial start up cost would be minimal, at about $130 per unit,
including worms and shipping. The tipping charge reduction through Veolia and any other profits later in
the process of the composting would yield quite an early break-even point. After that, the plan is all set, and
ready to turn profits and grow into a larger movement. The flowers might not be the only things that get
bigger through implementing these composters.
The Triple Bottom Line, Vermicomposting at UW-Stout
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Conclusion
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Overall, the University of Wisconsin - Stout is moving in absolutely the correct direction towards
a more sustainable campus. Other universities could learn and benefit from our efforts. In
implementing composting at Veolia Enivironmental Systems, UW-Stout has shown this effort, but
this opens new doors to even more sustainable methods of wasting food.
By involving students to compost the food waste (that is currently already prepared for composting)
and using the resulting fertilizer on campus, the university could profit not only financially, but
socially and environmentally. This triple bottom line of profit is obviously good, but in turn could
attract more students, improve local produce, and have numerous other indirect effects.
UW-Stout should strongly consider this type of composting on campus. It has been successful
on other campuses throughout the country, but Menomonie would still pioneer the effort in the
midwest.
Team Emails, Chronologically
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, February 02, 2010 5:31 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: schneiderca@uwstout.edu; rosasd@uwstout.edu; Wilson, Matthew; lybertm@uwstout.edu Dan- we got our group today; we are composting on campus. We made a few lists of what makes a good group and behaviors for
it, nothing too special. We exchanged phone numbers and are defining the project and whatnot below- we have to tell the class
about it Thursday, see you then.
Michael Lybert, Manufacturing Engineering, 715.403.0107
Cassie Schneider, ID, 262.565.7082
Matt Wilson, ID, 612.750.6833
Dan Rosas, ID, 651.206.4276
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Tuesday, February 02, 2010 6:40 PM
Rosas, Daniel
To:Wilson, Matthew; schneiderca@uwstout.edu; rosasd@uwstout.edu; lybertm@uwstout.edu Looks like we have a good group and a good topic! Sorry I didn't make it today I was unfortunately back home for a funeral. -Dan Rosas
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, February 02, 2010 7:46 PM
Schneider, Cassandra
To:Rosas, Daniel; Lybert, Michael; Wilson, Matthew Hey guys,
I started writing Ann Theis an email asking her if we could meet with her to ask questions and look at dining services and what
they're doing with the composting on campus. Before I email her though, it might be nice to have an idea of everyone's schedule
so we can let her know what works best and for other times we may have to meet up.
I'm free
Monday, Wednesday 10:00-11:00, 2:30-6, then after 9
Tuesday before 9:30, after our capstone class
Thursday before 11, after capstone class
Friday after 1:30
Rosas, Daniel
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, February 03, 2010 11:27 AM
Michael Lybert [lybert68@gmail.com]
I am availible:
Monday before 10:10
Tuesday and Thursday from 11:30 to 4:40
Wednesday from 12:20 to 1:15 or after 3:30
On Feb 3, 2010 11:17 AM, «Rosas, Daniel» <rosasd@my.uwstout.edu> wrote:
My schedule is
mon-11:15-1:15 2:30-5:30
Tues 1:15-6:40
wed:11:15-1:15 2:30-5:30
Thurs 4:40-6:40
Fri:11:15-1:15 Work at 4
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, February 03, 2010 4:05 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To:Wilson, Matthew; schneiderca@uwstout.edu; rosasd@uwstout.edu; lybertm@uwstout.edu I am free except for our class and SS, M W 11:15-2:30
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 04, 2010 5:53 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To:Wilson, Matthew; schneiderca@uwstout.edu; rosasd@uwstout.edu; lybertm@uwstout.edu Attachments: Composting Plan.docx (114 KB)[Open as Web Page]
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, February 03, 2010 3:46 PM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: Rosas, Daniel; Lybert, Michael; Wilson, Matthew
Subject: RE: Sustainability Capstone - Composting group
Hey guys,
I started writing Ann Theis an email asking her if we could meet with her to ask quest...
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 04, 2010 6:09 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Wilson, Matthew; schneiderca@uwstout.edu; rosasd@uwstout.edu; lybertm@uwstout.edu Contacts to research...
Krista James or Bio Professor Amanda Little - Matt
Greensense - Dan
Veolia- Michael Whoever plans campus waste/budgeting - Michael
Sarah Rykal - Matt
Chef David Leach - Dan
Ann Theis – Cassie
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 04, 2010 6:56 PM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: Thies, Ann
Subject: FW: Composting Project
Hello Ann,
For my Sustainable Development and Design Capstone class my group is doing a semester long project regarding the
composting on campus and hopefully finding an effective way to have composting areas on campus. We were wondering if we
could meet with you to ask you questions, possibly see the eco-friendly containers and materials, and possibly take a tour of the
MSC to see the composting garbage. We have work time during our class that meets Tuesdays and Thursdays from 4:40-6:40, if it
works out with your schedule we could meet with you then.
Thank you for your time,
Cassie Schneider
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 04, 2010 7:05 PM
Thies, Ann
To: Schneider, Cassandra
Subject: RE: Composting Project
Cassie – the soonest I could do this would be Tuesday the 16th. If this time works could you and I meet just briefly to go over what you feel I should prepare and include at this time. We should
meet next week to review this.
How many in the class/group is key to planning a place to meet and a tour – how many students??
If I don’t’ do it on the 16th won’t be until 2nd week in March.
Let me know.
Ann Thies, Director
University Dining Service
University of Wisconsin-Stout
thiesa@uwstout.edu
Phone: 715-232-2134
FAX: 715-232-2341
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 04, 2010 11:51 PM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: Wilson, Matthew; rosasd@uwstout.edu; lybertm@uwstout.edu Ann returned my email and said the soonest she could meet with us would be Tuesday the 16th. Would this be ok with everyone?
I»m thinking it would be during our class time since that's the only time I told her about.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 08, 2010 11:34 AM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: Thies, Ann
Subject: RE: Composting Project
Ann,
I apologize for not getting back to you sooner. Tuesday the 16th would work fine, I believe we are all available after 3:00 pm if
that works out for you. The group would only consist of 4 people and we wouldn't need much time. We have some questions just
to get an understanding of the current composting program.
I spoke with Justin and he told me how busy you were and he also offered to answer questions we might have. Justin also said
that we could come in and see the compostable products being used but to let him know we were there before we do. Would we
also be able to tour Commons and Tainter to see what they are doing with composting?
Unfortunately I had to miss Professional Development Day this semester and I heard that Veolia spoke to everyone. Would it be
possible to have copies of the composting information presented during the meeting?
Below are some questions that we have for you and I'm sure we'll think of more as we hear your responses.
1. What is the current deal that UW-Stout has with Veolia for composting services?
2. How was it determined that Veolia was the best option? (What criteria/needs do they meet that other companies do not?)
3. Have you considered on-site composting? If so, why was it ruled out?
4. If on-site composting was a potential, is there room in the curriculum to incorporate the on-site composting? (A class that
focuses on the maintenance or process, job opportunities/internship)
5. Do you see opportunities with incorporating composting with the current construction and future construction plans for the
dining facilities?
6. Have there been previous composting attempts? If so, why did they fail?
7. Currently back of the house composting is going well, what are the plans to incorporate front of the house waste?
8. Dining services has switched to compostable packaging, are these products working well?
Thank you for your time,
Cassie Schneider
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, February 08, 2010 11:49 AM
Wilson, Matthew
To: littlea@uwstout.edu Professor Little:
My name is Matt Wilson, and I took your Ecology class last semester. I am now in my Sustainability Capstone class, and for my
group’s project, we are looking to accomplish some sort of on-site composting for the University. Currently UW-Stout ships food
waste and compostables to an Eau Claire landfill through Veolia Corp. We are looking for a more sustainable option, and hopefully
implement something by the end of the semester.
I am contacting you because you have such extensive knowledge of many ecological factors around us, and was wondering if I
could ask you a few questions relating to the matter. I am drafting these questions now, and will email them to you when they are
completed- but sitting down to talk about them (or even a phone interview) would help me out greatly! Thank you, and hopefully
I can talk to you soon!
Matt Wilson
Industrial Design
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, February 08, 2010 11:55 AM
Little, Amanda
Hi Matt,
I will be happy to discuss your questions with you. Good luck!
Mandy Little
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, February 08, 2010 11:56 AM
Wilson, Matthew
To: rykals@uwstout.edu Ms. Rykal:
My name is Matt Wilson, and you came to talk to my Sustainability Capstone class about the various projects we are doing this
semester. My group has chosen to research the current situation regarding on-site composting at UW-Stout, and the current plan
worked out with Veolia out of Eau Claire.
I am contacting you because you have such extensive knowledge of many sustainable factors around us, and was wondering if
I could ask you a few more questions relating to the matter. I am drafting these questions now, and will email them to you when
they are completed- but sitting down to talk about them (or even a phone interview) would help me out greatly! Thank you, and
hopefully I can talk to you soon!
Matt Wilson
Industrial Design
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Monday, February 08, 2010 12:03 PM
Rykal, Sarah
To: Wilson, Matthew Hi Matt,
Thanks for your email. Im glad to help in any way I can. Go ahead and send me the questions, then let me know when a good
time to meet might be. My week is a little full, but I have some availability on Friday. Otherwise, next week is good after Monday.
Sarah
Sarah Rykal
Environmental Sustainability Coordinator
University of Wisconsin-Stout
715.232.5254
www.uwstout.edu/sustainability
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Tuesday, February 09, 2010 1:18 PM
Thies, Ann
To: Schneider, Cassandra
Subject: RE: Composting Project
Cassie the Student Center design committee meeting just got set for 4 p.m. on Tuesday the 16th – so I need to ask you to change
your groups time to 3 p.m. – work for you still – you had said it was okay at that time originally.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 09, 2010 04:54 PM
Lybert, Michael
To: Jerald Smith
Subject: UW-Stout Composting Project
Hi Jerry,
My name is Michael Lybert, I am a student at UW-Stout and I am working on a project with the composting process used on
campus. I was informed that Stout and Veolia have been working to compost biodegradable waste, and I had a few questions that
I hoped you could help me with.
- What composting process is being used on your site?
- What is being done with the end product of the composting process?
- Do you only collect from UW-Stout or are there other area businesses that contribute to the compost?
- I know that the process just started ut do you have the average amount of compost materials that is being collected form stout?
I hope you can help me. Thank you,
Michael Lybert
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Tuesday, February 9th, 2010 9:11 PM
Rosas, Daniel
Linda,
Hi, my name is Dan Rosas. I am a design student at Stout and am working on a campus composting project. We are examining the
current system and are trying to determine opportunities for improvement.
I see that you support the Northwest Wisconsin Regional Food Network and I was wondering if you have information on local
agriculture and the demand for compost. I am trying to find contacts that will provide the information to design a better system.
Currently the compost is being shipped to Eau Claire. I want to see if it would be possible to have the compost system here and
provide local farmers with the compost.
If you are interested in this topic and have information for me please reply to this email.
Thanks,
Dan Rosas
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Tuesday, February 9th, 2010 11:11 PM
Walsh, Linda
Subject: RE: Composting at Stout
Hi Dan,
Sounds like you are doing some great work. There is a community garden project underway under the direction of Americorp
Volunteers Jake Vennie Volrath and Jessica Padellford. They may have some thoughts on this. Otherwise, I don't know who else to
direct you to. I am sending this to them also, see addresses above.
Linda
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 10, 2010 05:54 PM
Davis, James M.
Good Afternoon Michael,
Thank you for your interest in the food residual composting program.
We are utilizing windrow composting with the food waste being picked at at UW Stout. We mix leaves and grass with the residuals
and form windrows.
The end use is currently as a soil amendment on our own site.
We collect food residual from several different sources.
These are the weights as I have them at this time:
1/26 .64 tons
1/29 1.04 tons
2/2 1.26 tons
2/5 1.60 tons
I hope this helps. Please feel free to contact me with any further questions.
Thanks,
James M. Davis
Industrial Waste Sales Representative
Veolia ES Solid Waste North America
8001 Olson Drive, Eau Claire, WI 54703
tel: 715-858-9115 - fax 715-830-0285
James.Davis@VeoliaES.com
www.VeoliaES.com
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 04:46 PM
Lybert, Michael
Subject: RE: Fw: UW-Stout Composting Project
James,
Thank you for the reply, this information is all very helpful.
Our group was wondering if it would be possible to view the operation? We want to get more familiar with the composting
process and a meeting or a tour would be very beneficial for us. There are many questions that my group has they may not be the
easiest to ask over email. I do not know if this would be possible, but any help would be greatly appreciated.
Looking forward to your response,
Michael Lybert
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, February 10, 2010 11:37 AM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Little, Amanda [littlea@uwstout.edu]
Professor Little:
Here are some questions I have regarding the composting of food waste. Any other information would be greatly appreciated as
well! I am free most days if you would be able to sit down and talk about these, otherwise speaking on the phone would work too.
Please let me know of a time that works for you, and once again, thank you for your help!
1. What is your general knowledge about small-scale composting systems, and do you think UW-Stout would be a good
candidate for a commercial composter?
2. What are some good uses on campus for the finish compost? Is it something the city could use, if not Stout?
3. Is there an advantage of using worms in composting systems?
4. Are there any types of food scraps coming from the commons and tainter areas on campus that would not be good in a
composting system? Do you believe our students would catch on and not throw garbage in the compost bin?
5. What is the process of composting? That is to say, what breaks down first?
6. UW-Stout has hired a director of environmental sustainability in Sarah Rykal. What do you make of this and other moves
towards making a sustainable Stout campus? How do we compare to other schools?
7. Is this a project that can be studied by students in Ecology or other courses? They could maintain the system to learn hands
on.
8. Veolia waste services currently drives to Stout to pick of compostable materials, and drives them to a landfill in Eau Claire. Is
this a good solution, or just a step in the right direction?
9. Is there a chance to get other businesses in the Menomonie area to use Veolia to make the trips to and from Eau Claire worth
the fuel? Is this a better solution than on-site composting for some of our scraps?
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, February 10, 2010 11:38 AM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Rykal, Sarah [rykals@uwstout.edu]
Ms. Rykal:
Here are some questions I have regarding the composting of food waste on campus. Any other information would be greatly
appreciated as well! I am free most days if you would be able to sit down and talk about these, otherwise speaking on the phone
would work too. Friday morning sometime would work for me, otherwise any time early next week. Thanks again!
1. I am so happy to see that Stout has a sustainability coordinator! So far it seems like a step in the right direction to compost
with Veolia, out of Eau Claire, WI. In your professional opinion, how do you think UW-Stout is handling the situation, and what
would you like to see changed about composting, if anything?
2. Do other UW-system schools have someone in your position? How does Stout compare to surrounding schools as far as
being green goes?
3. What do other schools around us have going on when it comes to on or off-site composting? Is there anyone doing a great
job? Any schools that are really doing poorly?
4. You mentioned three types of on-site composting: Earth Tubs, Verma Composting, and Windrow. Is there an advantage of one
kind over another? Which method makes the most sense here on campus?
5. Do you have any other numbers and facts as far as waste at UW-Stout, or about the composting through Veolia? 3,000 lbs. the
first week is quite impressive for just back of the house scrap, no?
6. Is there an option that people on campus would be content with as far as the sight and smell of an on-site composting station
is concerned? Is one area better than another?
7. I am sure this is confidential information, but are there numbers available as to how much it costs to operate with Veolia
weekly? Any general ideas as to the cost?
8. If we decided on a good course of action for all parties involved, who would we present to in order to have a chance at
installing a system on campus? Are there funds available for this sort of thing?
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, February 10, 2010 11:59 AM
Little, Amanda
To: Wilson, Matthew Hi Matt,
Why don’t we set up a meeting for next week. I am available on Tuesday mornings, Wednesday afternoons – suggest a time!
Mandy
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, February 10, 2010 12:44 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Little, Amanda [littlea@uwstout.edu]
Mandy,
How does 10:30 am, February 16th Tuesday, in your office work?
Matt
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, February 10, 2010 12:48 PM
Little, Amanda
Sounds good – see you then.
Mandy
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 2010 9:52 AM
Rosas, Daniel
To: Wilson, Matthew; Lybert, Michael; Schneider, Cassandra Hey all,
This is an email from an Americorp Volunteer. He is involved with the community garden program that I think we should consider
researching. He lists different people we could contact.
There is a meeting for the community garden this Friday at 12:30Pm. I am in class but if someone else could go that would be
awesome.
Thanks,
Dan
From: Vennie-Vollrath, Jake [vennie-vollrathj@uwstout.edu]
Sent: Wednesday, February 10, 2010 11:57 AM
To: Rosas, Daniel; Padellford, Jessica
Cc: Rykal, Sarah; Chabalowski, Jordan
Subject: RE: Composting at Stout
Dan,
Great to hear from you. It definitely isn’t sustainable to be shipping this to Eau Claire.
· Have you talked to Sarah Rykal? She is our Campus Sustainability Coordinator and is an amazing source of information.
· Also, Jordan Chablowski is an enthusiast who has been attempting to get this project going.
· You might also want to contact Lee Jensen of Five Star Dairy. He sells his compost from his digester for $13/yard and may
have a list of growers who come to him for compost.
· Also, Chris Kraft (his wife Karla works at the co-op) does compost just outside of town. He may know of folks who are
interested. Don Roberts, a grower from Otter Creek gets his compost from them.
· There are also rumblings of a Community Greenhouse down the road. If you are familiar with Growing Power the compost
could be used to provide heat for the greenhouse.
The community garden project will definitely be looking to do composting. When I talked to Jordan and Sarah they mentioned
that we might be able to incorporate community/stout composting into the community garden. There certainly should be
enough room if we get the location we are looking at approved. If you could come and chat with us Friday at 12:30pm in the
basement of the Admin Building we might be able to discuss this a bit more. It is our weekly meeting of community garden
enthusiasts. Bring your own lunch!
Take care,
Jake
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 2010 10:36 AM
Daines, Martha
To: Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel; Schneider, Cassandra; Wilson, Matthew Judy Gifford is very interested in having you work on a composting project for the Stout CFSC preschool. Please contact her
directly at giffordj@uwstout.edu soon. Martha J. Daines
Instructor
Engineering and Technology Department
University of Wisconsin-Stout
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 2010 12:52 PM
Rosas, Daniel; Leach, David
To: Rosas, Daniel
Subject: RE: composting on campus
See add on
Let me know if there is more questions or more exact answers.
David
From: Rosas, Daniel [mailto:rosasd@my.uwstout.edu]
Sent: Thursday, February 11, 2010 10:07 AM
To: Leach, David
Subject: composting on campus
David,
Hi, my name is Dan Rosas. I spoke to you briefly last week about composting at Stout. I would like to follow up and get more
information on the current operations. Some of the things I would like to know are.
What progress have you made to creating a successful composting system in the last five years? You would have to talk to trash
company
What do you see as potential improvements that can be made in the next five years? You would have to talk to trash company
What are the pros and cons of compostable products?... Cons: Not as much choices of products in my option, not widely used so
hard to get products want or need in timely manner. Shipping cost because things are not carried locally in my option. Pros: better
for the future if it becomes more widely used in business and at home But has to become more affordable so that everyone can do
it. In my option.
Are there cost differences? 2 to 3 times the cost of plastic or some paper products
Are there performance issues? Some items melt or twist making them hard to use if usable at all and may have to get credit.
How much compost does the student center produce? –roughly50-80# daily m-f currently (1.6 ton campus wide on the last time
they picked up from campus)
Is the composting being done in the front of the house or just in back? Back of the house only currently
What is still not compostable and why not? Pc ketchup, mayo, mustards and Some items are not available yet (good looking clear
bags for sandwiches) or there are Branded concepts that we have to use what they give us.
I would like to meet with you sometime and discuss these questions. Otherwise you can just reply to this email.
Thanks for your help,
Dan Rosas
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 2010 3:21 PM
Rosas, Daniel
To: Schneider, Cassandra; Wilson, Matthew; Lybert, Michael Team compost,
Chef Dave replied to some of the questions I had. I am sure we can come up with more/better questions to follow up with. But it is
a good start. I want to get more information on his suppliers and maybe get a catalog of the products.
I am feeling a little under the weather so my presence in class is questionable. I will see how I feel in an hour.
-Dan
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 2010 3:30 PM
Rosas, Dan To: Leach, David
Subject: RE: composting on campus
Dave,
Who are your current suppliers for compostable products? Do you order products (besides produce) from anyone else?
What do you mean by having to use Branded products?
Thanks,
-Dan
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 2010 4:33 PM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: Wilson, Matthew Hey Matt
I'm gonna go to my work meeting tonight so I won't be in class. I'll email you guys with information I get. In the meantime, for
Tuesday I'll have my information in a word document so that we can start compiling info for our presentation on Thursday.
Thanks!
Cassie
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 2010 4:55 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: giffordj@uwstout.edu Hello Ms. Gifford!
My name is Matt Wilson, and I am in my senior thesis class for my minor in sustainability. I am part of a group who has picked a
project to explore options relating to composting on campus. Professor Daines has notified me that the Stout CFSC Preschool is
interested in doing some sort of composting project through our class. What sort of thing did you have in mind? We have chatted
about this in our group, and we think it would be a great idea to build a small-scale composting system for you and the kids. It
would be a great experiment for us, learning experience for the kids, and you can use the final product for growing food or plants
at the school! We are leaning towards a vermacomposting system for you, or a live worm farm that would consume most of the
food scraps from the school. As long as the moisture content is not extreme, and there is not too much food in there, the bins
should not smell foul whatsoever and should not be an eyesore. We would love to set up a meeting with you to discuss options
and to see what areas you have to work with! Please reply back with some times next week that would work, or do not hesitate to
give me a call! Thank you so much, and we look forward to working with you!
Matt Wilson 612.750.6833
Michael Lybert
Dan Rosas
Cassie Schneider
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 11, 2010 4:56 PM
Leach, David
To: Rosas, Daniel
Subject: RE: composting on campus
We get compostable product for 3 suppliers currently and it changes as we find new items that fit our needs.
I do order all food products besides milk, soda products and some C-store products for MSC with the oversight of the purchasing
agent on campus.
Branded products Starbucks.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, February 15, 2010 11:03 AM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Rykal, Sarah
Sarah I am meeting with other people regarding this at 10:30 and 3:00 tomorrow. Would a time slot between there work for meeting up
to discuss these questions? Thanks!
Matt
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, February 15, 2010 4:44 PM
Rykal, Sarah
To: Wilson, Matthew Hi Matt,
Sorry for taking so long to get back to you. Are you on campus tomorrow afternoon? Im free from 12:30 to 5:30, if you want to
discuss these questions then. Let me know. Also, feel free to call me Sarah. Thanks!
Sarah
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, February 16, 2010 1:59 AM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Rykal, Sarah
Hi Sarah,
Sure, how about if we meet at 2:15 in your office? It shouldn't take too long- you are in the administration building, correct?
Matt ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, February 16, 2010 8:45 AM
Rykal, Sarah
To: Wilson, Matthew Sounds good, Matt. Yep, Im in the basement of the Admin Building 15A is my office. Come down the stairs and take a right into
the University Communications Office. Then ask for me.
See you then!
Sarah Rykal
Environmental Sustainability Coordinator
University of Wisconsin-Stout
715.232.5254
www.uwstout.edu/sustainability
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 18, 2010 2:40 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Wilson, Matthew Hi, Matt!
It would be a wonderful collaboration to work on this together. I have time available tomorrow afternoon and the 23rd, 25th, and
26th in the afternoon as well. Will any of those times work for you?
Judy Gifford
Judy Gifford, Director
Child & Family Study Center
UW-Stout
Menomonie, WI 54751
715-232-2554
giffordj@uwstout.edu
“Children experience the world with their whole being—body, spirit, energy, minds, hearts, compassion, tears, laughter, anger,
pride, learning, love, and soul.”
Rusty Keeler
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, February 18, 2010 4:41 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu]
Hi JudyHow about tomorrow afternoon at 2pm? Most of our group can make that time! You will have to give us the address to meet at,
we have not been to the preschool before. We are excited to get started with you!
Matt Wilson
612.750.6833
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 19, 2010 9:21 AM
Gifford, Judith
To: Wilson, Matthew Hi, Matt!
Today at 2:00 will work fine! The CFSC preschool building is a grayish blue building at 811 Sixth Street (behind Burger King). The entrance is between the optometrists office and the buildinga driveway is the path. Look for a snowman flag above the
entrance door! My office is right inside.
Looking forward to working on this with you,
Judy
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, February 19, 2010 4:05 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Daines, Martha [DainesM@uwstout.edu]; Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel; Schneider, Cassandra; Wilson, Matthew Attachments:
Menu 25.doc (6 MB)[Open as Web Page]
Dear Composting Project Team,
Thank you for coming to meet with me todayour teachers are all very excited! Attached please find the menu for next week at
the CFSC. I thought you might like to look at it. I’ll look forward to hearing from you soon,
Judy
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Friday, February 19, 2010 4:14 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Meyer-Klick, Donna [meyerdm@dhfs.state.wi.us]
Dear Donna,
As part of a university sustainability study, we would like to begin composting our (compostable) food waste and napkins. We
are collaborating with a college course to create an appropriate system and method of handling it. We believe that it will be
wonderful to link it to ecology and also to the garden the children plant each spring. It is assumed that the actual compost bin will need to be self-contained and placed in an area outside the playground. In our case,
it might be between the shed and the fencefar away from any access by children. Are there other specific regulations regarding
placement that we should be aware of? I cant find anything specific in DCF251.
Please let me know your thoughts,
Judy
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, February 23, 2010 5:22 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu]; Daines, Martha [DainesM@uwstout.edu]; Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel; Schneider,
Cassandra JudyWe met today and talked about the types of composting that would be good for the preschool. I didn't notice a reply back saying
of any restrictions on placement of the composting system, so we did take that into consideration. Although keeping the bin
outside year-round would be great, the temperature extremes of the lovely Midwest really make that difficult- a turning compost
would freeze/cook (the latter being not so bad), and a vermacomposting system would have dead worms, except for the spring
and fall.
What we propose is a professionally built vermacomposting system, not one built by us. This will ensure that the bottom is
watertight, it would be odorless in case of over-feeding, etc. The catalog you showed us actually had a good deal on a system on
sale for about $130, http://www.gardeningwithkids.org/16-1255.html . We found a good deal on worms to add, bedding, and a
book/activities for the kids that would total the cost at less than $250. We propose that this system be kept in the basement, away
from child access. The janitorial closet seemed like a good choice, as it is most likely off limits, cold (but still heated), dark, damp,
and generally undisturbed. The system we found above is about 20» in diameter, and less than 3' tall, so a corner or against a wall
would do.
The reasons we decided on vermacomposting were many. First of all, the kids will love the worms, regardless if they have
contact with them or not. Our group still loves worms. Also, the turnaround time for getting back compost would be accelerated
dramatically by adding red wigglers, and the compost would be back on the garden there, growing fresher veggies for the
children. Another good reason was most of your breakfast and lunches will be compostable in the worm system. We would still
advise against meats, dairy, and fats to avoid a smell, because it would be indoors of course. Please let me know what you think about the proposed solution, if it is too expensive, anything. We do plan on attending Lunch
(oooo Turkey Burgers!) to observe food waste at approx. 11:30 on Thursday, Feb 25th. We can talk more about solutions there, and
maybe shop around for a great composter and some worms! We can't wait to stop by again, and thank you!
See you Thursday!
Team Compost
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, February 23, 2010 11:21 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Wilson, Matthew; Daines, Martha [DainesM@uwstout.edu]; Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel; Schneider, Cassandra Dear Team Compost,
Please bring your ideas and catalogs with you when you come by on Thursday. Maybe we can «touch base» with what you've
found so far. I'll show you the custodial area and furnace room; we can measure it and see if the area would work. I also have
another vendor for you to look at as a possibility.
See you on Thursday,
Judy
Judy Gifford, Director
Child and Family Study Center
UW-Stout
Menomonie, WI 54751
715-232-2554
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 02, 2010 12:03 PM
Meyer Klick, Donna M
To: Gifford, Judith
Subject: RE: Composting
Hi Judy--sorry for the delay in my response but I've been gone for a few weeks. There are no specific regulations from licensing related to
composting. However, if you read the whole Sanitation section - DCF 251.06(5) - there are issues related to outdoor storage of
garbage - see (5)(c) - and preventing «vermin» - see (5)(g).
You should request an exception, especially to (5)(c) since you want the garbage to decompose. Part of that request should
address the location of the compost pile since unprotected food outside has the potential to attract mice, rats, skunks, coons, or
other unsavory creatures to the area. Will the children be aware of this project? It would be a great way of bringing their generation into ecology-related practices.
Let me know if you have other thoughts or questions.
Donna Meyer-Klick, Licensing Specialist
Bureau of Early Care Regulation
Western Regional Office
610 Gibson Street, Suite 2
Eau Claire, WI 54701-3687
(715) 836-2317
Email - donna.meyerklick@wisconsin.gov
NOTICE: This e-mail and any attachments may contain confidential information. Use and further disclosure of the information
by the recipient must be consistent with applicable laws, regulations and agreements. If you received this e-mail in error, please
notify the sender; delete the e-mail; and do not use, disclose or store the information it contains.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, March 02, 2010 12:28 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Meyer Klick, Donna M - DCF [Donna.MeyerKlick@wisconsin.gov]
Cc: Vanderloop, Linda [vanderloopl@uwstout.edu]
Hi, Donna II hope all is well with you and that you were only out on vacation!
Thank you for getting back to me about our desire to compost. We’ll be following the DCF 251 guidelines you’ve highlighted:
(c) Garbage containers in the building shall be rigid, covered,
watertight and emptied daily or more often as needed. Compactors
need not be emptied daily. Garbage and refuse stored out of
doors shall be kept in leak−proof containers equipped with tight−
fitting covers and shall be disposed of as necessary to prevent
decomposition or overflow.
And
(g) The premises shall be maintained to prevent the entrance
or harborage of vermin.
We are only exploring the possibility at present. When we get closer to actually having a plan, we’ll contact you for the next step!
Thank you again,
Judy Gifford
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 08, 2010 11:45 AM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu]
Hi Judy!
Team Compost here- hope you enjoyed the warm weekend! We have been debating over what system to go ahead with
and I think we have it. We want to do a tray system, so that as the worms move up, you can empty the bottom tray and
replace it on top. Here is one that we like- http://www.amazon.com/Tray-Compost-Worm-System-Factory®/dp/B000S6I5WG/
ref=sr_1_18?ie=UTF8&s=home-garden&qid=1268071269&sr=8-18 . The system recommends about 1000 worms to get started,
and this link has what we need http://www.unclejimswormfarm.com/order-stuff?page=shop.product_details&flypage=flypage.
tpl&product_id=9&category_id=3 . We are also interested in a book for the kids to explore how the system works that can be kept
in your library area, and «Worms Eat My Garbage» by Mary Appelhof would be great! We can design the posters and powerpoints
and buy a couple new buckets for the compostables. The total should be right around $150, which is very reasonable. Email me
back or shoot me a reply on your thoughts, because we would like to receive the products and start making the training sessions
before spring break! Also, what is the easiest way to go about purchasing them? Thank you again Judy!!!
TC
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 08, 2010 11:58 AM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: Thies, Ann
Subject: Composting Project
Hello Ann,
While we are still interested in on campus composting, we are trying to initiate a small scale composting system using worms
at the Child & Family Study Center. We had met with Judy Gifford, Director of the Child & Family Study Center to discuss using
a worm bin to compost the food that they throw away. The staff at the CFSC is very excited about composting, recycling and
being more sustainable. Judy was interested in using utensils and plates from Eco-Products. How would we go about getting this
started? Is this something the CFSC needs to set up with Eco-Products or can they go through UDS?
Thank you for your time,
Cassie Schneider
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 08, 2010 3:52 PM
Thies, Ann
To: Schneider, Cassandra
Cc: Gifford, Judith; Kuhlman, Michael; Selz, James
Subject: RE: Composting Project
Cassie, I’ve copied Judy on this reply too. We have many Eco Products and would work out a way to get these to them in less than
full case portions as needed. We would do this much like we supply many other items for them and charge per our normal policy
for their use.
Judy – let us know if you are proceeding and need to meet with someone about the products you’d use.
Ann Thies, Director
University Dining Service
University of Wisconsin-Stout
thiesa@uwstout.edu
Phone: 715-232-2134
FAX: 715-232-2341
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 08, 2010 4:04 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Wilson, Matthew Cc: Daines, Martha [DainesM@uwstout.edu]; Lybert, Michael [lybertm@uwstout.edu]; Rosas, Daniel [rosasd@uwstout.edu];
Schneider, Cassandra [schneiderca@uwstout.edu]; Wilson, Matthew [wilsonmat@uwstout.edu] Let’s talk timelines, Team Compost!
If we received the products prior to Spring Break, would we want to start the composting after break? No one may be here to
watch over it But, if we received the products prior to break, you could certainly go ahead and plan the training sessions for
adults and children, make the posters, etc.
Judy
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 09, 2010 4:54 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu]
Judy,
We are in class currently and talking timelines. We want to order before break, and then make posters and powerpoints during this
time after checking out the product. We would certainly start composting post spring break, not a problem. Should we come by
one more time to purchase everything with you, or what is the best course of action to take with your schedule?
TC
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 10, 2010 12:30 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Daines, Martha [DainesM@uwstout.edu]; Lybert, Michael [lybertm@uwstout.edu]; Rosas, Daniel [rosasd@uwstout.edu];
Schneider, Cassandra [schneiderca@uwstout.edu]; Wilson, Matthew [wilsonmat@uwstout.edu] Hi, Matt and Team Compost!
I would like to meet briefly with one or all of you one more time before we purchase the items. It will help to know why you
selected the particular composter that you did, too. Could one of you come by my office during any of the following times:
Thursday morning between 9 and 11
Thursday afternoon after 4:30
Friday afternoon after 1:15
Thank you,
Judy Gifford
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 10, 2010 12:58 PM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu]
Cc: Rosas, Daniel; Wilson, Matthew; Lybert, Michael Hi Judy!
We have class at 4:40 so we can meet you at the CFSC at that time.
See you tomorrow!
Team Compost
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, March 16, 2010 4:52
Rosas, Dan
To: Leach, David
Subject: RE: composting on campus
Dave,
This is Dan Rosas again, still working on the composting project. I was just wondering how the front of the house composting
is going. After talking with Veolia they said that our compost was very «clean.» There was very little contaminants in it. This was
when you were only composting in the back of the house.
Since you have started composting in the front of the house how is the quality of the compost?
Have you noticed more contaminants? if so what kind?
Has Veolia had any complaints?
Thanks for your time,
-Dan
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, March 17, 2010 11:09 AM
Leach, David
To: Wilson, Matthew; Schneider, Cassandra; Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel
Cc: Krahn, Justin
Subject: RE: composting on campus
Most of the compost from the front of the house, meaning the items the customer throws away is contaminated and we have to
throw it in the garbage.
We have had maybe 2 bags out of 30 that we could compost even with the signs we have by the compost bins.
Contaminants are anything from some outside cups to some of the products we have not changed yet because of availability.
Veolia and I have talked a couple of weeks ago and they are happy with what we are doing and they have brought one of the
other colleges in to look at how we do composting at the msc to show how we keep the products separated and what products
we are currently using and what we are looking to change to in the future.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, March 18, 2010 6:45 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Wilson, Matthew
Hi, Matt!
Just a quick note to let you know that the worm composter is in. It needs a little assembly, but it shouldn't take much time.
Judy
Judy Gifford, Director
Child and Family Study Center
UW-Stout
Menomonie, WI 54751
715-232-2554
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, March 29, 2010 3:27 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Daines, Martha DainesM@uwstout.edu]; Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel; Schneider, Cassandra; Wilson, Matthew Cc: Anderson, Heidi [WeberH@uwstout.edu]; Welch, Elizabeth [welche@uwstout.edu]; Maggie Machesky [maggiemachesky@
yahoo.com]; Olson, Maggie Hi, Everyone!
I missed you today at 1:45-2:15. I thought that we had set it up for you to present information to the staff at that time. The
composter is here; we went ahead and assembled it and are beginning the process of readying it for receiving the worms. The
worms have been shipped and should be here very soon!
How are you coming on the posters for the children? Would you want to run a draft of them by us first? The teachers and I would
be happy to even meet with you and suggest some possible wording if you know the steps and concepts you want to convey. If
you are using a computer to generate words on the poster(s), please use a font such as this one Century Gothic or a similar one. I
think maybe Chalkboard may be similar, too. (We prefer that the a in lower case does not have a tail; that way it is more like the
manuscript writing we model for the children.)
Please get back to me soon—we are ready to go!
Judy
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, March 30, 2010 5:03 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu]; Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel; Schneider, Cassandra; dainesm@uwstout.edu Hi, Judy!
We are back in class and ready for some composting! Unfortunately, there must have been a miscommunication on the dates we
had set up, we do apologize- we all went our separate ways for break. We are working on the posters, and would definitely like to
see the system before we talk to the staff about it! How does Thursday work (about our class time, 4:40 on) for coming in as a group to learn about the system? Hopefully the worms
will be here by then, and we can put them in the system, and bring our own food scraps if we need! We can bring in digital proofs
of the posters so far, and you can recommend changes as needed! We have on our notes that the 6th would be staff training, what time do the children usually leave, or what would be a good time
to come in and explain the system? Next Tuesday during this time again would work great for us, and we can bring the printed
final posters. Working with the children would happen after we talk to the staff.
When the worms arrive, be sure to give a call at 612.750.6833 (Matt), 651.206.4276 (Dan) so we can make a temporary home for
them.
Please let us know if this plan works for you! We are very excited to implement this system with you all!!!
T.C.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, March 30, 2010 8:29 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Wilson, Matthew; Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel; Schneider, Cassandra; Daines, Martha [DainesM@uwstout.edu] Attachments:
image001.gif (594 B)
Thursday at 4:40 will be fine! We can share our info then. After reading the directions, we started the bedding process so it will be
ready for the worms to arrive. Please bring your calendar(s) on Thursday so we can set up the next steps.
The teachers will probably have left for the day by the time you come, but we can fill them in later.
Thanks,
Judy
Judy Gifford, Director
Child and Family Study Center
UW-Stout
Menomonie, WI 54751
715-232-2554
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Wednesday, April 07, 2010 7:26 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Wilson, Matthew; Rosas, Daniel; Schneider, Cassandra; Lybert, Michael Attachments:
CFSC Preschool Goes From G~1.doc (37 KB)[Open as Web Page]
Yo team.
I threw together a rough draft for a press release...made up quotes for us all and the whole shebang. Before I send this to martha/
sarah/judy to edit and add quotes, take a look and edit anything you don't like, add whatever, or if you don't want to be quoted let
me know. Let me know by tomorrow if you can so I can send it out.
Wilson ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Thursday, April 08, 2010 5:23 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: dainesm@uwstout.edu Attachments:
CFSC Preschool Goes From G~1.doc (38 KB)[Open as Web Page]
Just place your quote in the bolded area, please! Go ahead and edit anything else that Stout wouldn't like, etc. Thanks Martha!
Matt
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, April 12, 2010 10:50 AM
Daines, Martha
To: Wilson, Matthew Attachments:
CFSC Preschool Goes From G~1.doc (39 KB)[Open as Web Page]
Matt,
Sorry for the delay in getting this back to you. I've attached the press release...I did put a quote in, but ended up removing that
paragraph as I don't think you need to include it for the purposes of this article. I've still left the paragraph at the end of the
document in the event you don't agree, so you'll need to do a final edit.
I'm going to check to see if there are any other approval procedures that need to be followed for UW-Stout news. I'll let you know
if I find out anything.
Regards,
Martha
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, April 12, 2010 11:43 AM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu] Attachments:
CFSC Preschool Goes From G~1.doc (37 KB)[Open as Web Page]
Hi Judy!
Martha got back to me with a quote for the press release, i have attached it. She actually moved the paragraph to the end because
she liked it better without it in there at all. There is a spot for you to quote in bold, if you wouldn't mind putting your thoughts in! I
will see you at 1:45! Feel free to edit the document as you need!
Matt
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, April 12, 2010 4:29 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Wilson, Matthew Attachments:
Press Release.doc (32 KB)[Open as Web Page]
You replied on 4/12/2010 6:15 PM.
Hi, Matt!
Thank you for coming and sharing the info with the staff today and Wednesday. Ill look forward to seeing you tomorrow, too! Ive made a couple of suggested changes to the press releasehope theyre okay. Are you planning on sending it out or would
you like me to send it? Can we attach a picture of the children feeding the worms (one from the other day)?
Thanks!
Judy
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Monday, April 12, 2010 6:10 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu]
Attachments:
Press Release FINAL.doc (30 KB)[Open as Web Page]; SDC11983.JPG (3 MB)
I do not have a problem sending it, but I think you have way more pull in the Stout community to get it published. I was thinking
on the homepage, in the Stoutonia, and in the Dunn Co. News. Attached is the final, and a good picture to use! Let me know if you
need me to send any! Thanks Judy!
Matt
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Tuesday, April 13, 2010 6:07 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Flom, Hannah [FlomH@uwstout.edu] Cc: Weissenburger, Jacalyn [WeissenburgJ@uwstout.edu] Attachments:
Press Release FINAL.doc (33 KB)[Open as Web Page]; Feeding the worms.jpg (3 MB)
Hi, Hannah!
We are really excited about something that is happening at the CFSC—worm composting! Attached is a press release (mostly
written by the students with whom we’ve been collaborating) and also a photo about it. Would you please be able to submit the
press release to the Stout Daily Mail, Stoutonia, Dunn County News, and maybe the Eau Claire Leader Telegram? If you think it
needs more revising, please go ahead. The children in the photo are Madeline, McKenzie, and Anna.
Thank you very much,
Judy
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Wednesday, April 14, 2010 10:47 AM
Rosas, Daniel
To: Gifford, Judith [giffordj@uwstout.edu]; Schneider, Cassandra; Lybert, Michael; Wilson, Matthew Compost enthusiasts,
I am sorry to say that I will not be able to make it to the staff meeting today. Matt and Cassie should be able to handle it just fine.
-Dan Rosas
Call me if you have any questions,
651-206-4276
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Friday, April 09, 2010 3:17 PM
Gifford, Judith
To: Schneider, Cassandra; Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel; Wilson, Matthew Cc: Daines, Martha [DainesM@uwstout.edu]; Anderson, Heidi [andersonhei@uwstout.edu]; Welch, Elizabeth [welche@uwstout.
edu]
Hi, Team Compost!
It is my understanding that you three will meet with the staff both Monday and Wednesday at 1:45 (two different groups--some
are always with the children who are napping at that time). On Monday, we'll talk with the two preschool teachers who are there
at lunchtime every day and decide when to present the brief lesson to the children on Tuesday. It probably will work well at lunch
(about 11:45), but I prefer to let the teachers decide what time works best for them.
Thank you so much,
Judy
Judy Gifford, Director
Child and Family Study Center
UW-Stout
Menomonie, WI 54751
715-232-2554
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Tuesday, April 20, 2010 3:30 PM
Rosas, Daniel
To: Wilson, Matthew; Schneider, Cassandra, Lybert, Michael
Im sorry but I will not be able to make it to class today, I will update my progress on our google doc tomorrow.
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Tuesday, April 20, 2010 3:40 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Wilson, Matthew; Schneider, Cassandra, Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel
I am still traveling as well, I might be able to make the tail end of class. Will someone hook me up with this google docs? my gmail
is mattwilsondesigns@gmail.com ...thanks guys
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Tuesday, April 20, 2010 3:47 PM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: Wilson, Matthew; Schneider, Cassandra, Lybert, Michael; Rosas, Daniel
This works out well, I was just about to email everyone saying I can't make it today. I will have my info in a good direction by
Thursday.
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Thursday, April 22, 2010 12:03 PM
Rosas, Daniel
To: Wilson, Matthew Hey,
Ar you going to the best of design reception today at 5-7? I was thinking about it but that means I will miss class again!
-Dan
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Tuesday, April 27, 2010 5:05 PM
Wilson, Matthew
To: Button, Barbara
Ms. Button and Mr. Steffen:
My name is Matt Wilson, and I am part of a group on campus that is working closely with the CFSC at Stout as part of our
sustainability capstone. Together, we wrote a press release that has been distributed to local papers, and we would love to submit
it for consideration for the «News» section on the homepage! I am not sure if there is an application process other than this, but
attached is our final draft (feel free to edit as needed), and a shot of the kids working with the worms. Any attention will help us
and hopefully spread great sustainability PR for Stout!
Thank you!
Matt Wilson
612.750.6833
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Tuesday, April 27, 2010 5:15 PM
Schneider, Cassandra
To: giffordj@uwstout.edu
Subject: Mold in Worm Bin
Hello Judy,
We did some research and found that mold grows in worm bins from too much acidic food. This might include the fruit cocktail
mix that was first placed in the bin. It is ok to take out the items covered in mold. We are also discussing having one or two of us
stop by each week to check up on the worm bin.
If you have any questions feel free to ask!
TC
Press Release
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CFSC Preschoolers Go From Garbage to Garden
Sustainability practiced at early ages on campus
April 6th, 2010
Press Release
UW-Stout students are helping to bring sustainability full circle—starting with the most eager little learners on campus. Four
graduating seniors are implementing a worm composting system at the Child and Family Study Center, and teaching the 3-5 year
olds how to use their food and paper waste to better the environment around them. The finished composted product will be used
for the children’s gardens in the yard of the CFSC, and the students and teachers are hoping the trend catches on quickly at other
places on campus.
Matt Wilson, Dan Rosas, and Cassie Schneider, all senior Industrial Design students, and Manufacturing Engineering student
Michael Lybert are enrolled in UW-Stouts new minor of Sustainable Design and Development. In the capstone course, students
are required to implement a sustainable system into their community. One community shared by the class is the UW-Stout
campus, and they are already moving in the right direction, Dan Rosas said. Just in the last semester alone, UW-Stout has moved
to compostable packaging of food products, and began a windrow composting system through Veolia Environmental Services of
Eau Claire, WI.
The project at the Child & Family Study Center enables the college seniors to implement a full-cycle sustainable systemfrom
the garbage to the garden and back again. The director of the CFSC, Judy Gifford, is a vital part of the implementation process,
and is enthusiastic about the youngsters helping to compost and learn about the red wiggler worms. Judy said, Its exciting to
collaborate with another department across campus, promote sustainability, and most importantly, teach young children that
caring for the environment can happen every day in simple ways. Were looking forward to improving our preschool garden as
well!
The college students are hoping that this is just the start of using their own waste as compost on campus. “If we can the teach
preschoolers to grow the worms’ ecosystem and use the castings on their own garden, I would hope we can get college students
to do the same,” Matt Wilson stated. The students are preparing a presentation and thesis to show the effects of their work. “There
could be significant savings, both financially and environmentally for the campus,” Cassie Schneider noted. Michael Lybert stated,
“hopefully there is a good opportunity for students to watch over the system and maintain it while earning co-op credits for
science classes”. In following semesters, seniors in the sustainability capstone course will have the chance to progress the students’
work further.
To view the project in action, please visit the Child & Family Study Center at 811 Sixth Street. Ask about the worm
compostermaybe one of the preschoolers will give you a guided tour!
For more information regarding sustainability efforts on campus, go to UW-Stout’s Environmental Sustainability Office website or
contact Environmental Sustainability coordinator Sarah Rykal at rykals@uwstout.edu. For more information about the Sustainable
Design and Development minor, contact program director Ron Scozzari at scozzarir@uwstout.edu
Gallery of Images
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The Child and Family Study Center in Menomonie, Wisconsin, on the campus of UW-Stout.
The garden where nutritious veggies will soon be found.
Observing the children eating a meal at the CFSC.
The kitchen and meal preparing area at the CFSC.
(Slightly pictured: Dan Rosas)
After meal time is play time! This adds to the confusion of
cleaning plates and tables neatly.
Judy Gifford working with the children around the worm
bin, feeding them apples and watching them wiggle.
Adding the worms to newspaper
shreds from the porous shipping
container.
Fascinated learners look on to
the worms chowing down the
kids’ scraps.
Happy worms on their mobile
home.
Children huddled around their worm bin at the CFSC.
Notice the great instructional posters!
The compost bucket (green, right) was added to the kids’
cleaning regimen. In addition, a long banner was placed
in each room to help them determine if a food was able
to be put in the vermicomposting bin.
Current signage in the Terrace, an experiment to see
how contaminated (ketchup packets, etc.) a bag of
waste gets when college students are looking right at
clear instructions.
The janitor’s closet at the CFSC, a location later determined not acceptable
for the vermicomposting bin.
The setup with signage at the Terrace.
More attempts to get college students to dispose of their
waste properly. This worked surprisingly well, Team Compost saw this full of [just] compostables several times.
James Davis shows Team Compost around the Windrow
composting system at Veolia Environmental Services in
Eau Claire, Wisconsin.
Steam rolling off the piles, showing the energy stored
inside the Windrow system.
Windrow composting at Veolia.
Judy Gifford explains possible outdoor locations for a
compost bin at the CFSC.
Garden location at the CFSC (soon to be flourishing!)
Works Cited
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«Amazon.com: Worm Factory DS5BT 5-Tray Worm Composter - Black: Home & Garden.» Amazon.com:
Worm Composting Bin. Web. 09 May 2010. <http://www.amazon.com/Tray-Compost-Worm-SystemFactory%C2%AE/dp/B000S6I5WG/ref=sr_1_18?ie=UTF8&s=home-garden&qid=1268071269&sr=8-18>.
“Carbon Calculators.” Carbon Fund. Carbonfund.org, n.d. Web. 1 May 2010. <http://www.carbonfund.org/
site/pages/carbon_calculators/category/Assumptions>.
“Compost Rules and Regulations.” Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources, 06 Jan 2010. Web. 1 May 2010.
“Composting with Worms.” dnr.state.wi.us. Wisconsin Natural Resource Magazine,
December 1998. Web. 2 May. 2010.
«Earthbound Farm Organic | Organic Library - Glossary of Terms.» Earthbound Farm Organic Salads, Fruits
and Vegetables. Web. 09 May 2010. <http://www.ebfarm.com/WhyOrganic/library/Glossary.aspx>.
Frontier Industrial. Web. 1 May 2010.
<http://www.frontierindustrial.net/facts.htm>.
«Latest Developments In Mid-To-Large-Scale Vermicomposting.» BioCycle Magazine, Conferences and Books
Advancing Composting, Organics Recycling and Renewable Energy. Web. 09 May 2010. <http://www.jgpress.
com/BCArticles/2000/110051.html>.
Menomonie Community Gardens. Web. 09 May 2010. <http://www.menomoniecommunitygardens.com/
index.html>.
Satriana, M.J. Large Scale Composting. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Data Corporation, 1974.
«The Science of Composting - Composting for the Homeowner - University of Illinois Extension.» The Science
of Composting. Web. 09 May 2010. <http://web.extension.illinois.edu/homecompost/science.html>.
Walters, Charles. Eco-Farm. Acres: An Acres U.S.A, 1996.
«Welcome to the School of Education.» University of Wisconsin-Stout, Wisconsin's Polytechnic University.
Web. 09 May 2010. <http://www.uwstout.edu/soe/cfsc.html>.
Thank You
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We would like to extend a warm and heartfelt Thank You to everyone that helped out
in the completion of this project! We couldn't have done it without you!
Special thanks to the following people:
Martha Daines
Sarah Rykal
Judy Gifford
James Davis
Ann Theis
The Children and Staff at the CFSC
University of Wisconsin - Stout