0715-AS2000-D-2
Pg 1 of 5
Ancorsteel 2000
®
Ancorsteel 2000 is a water atomized low-alloy
steel powder containing nickel, molybdenum,
and manganese which satisfies Metal Powder
Industries Federation (MPIF) material
specification FL-4200.
Ancorsteel 2000 is particularly useful for
conventional P/M parts requiring greater
hardenability than is possible when using
admixed or diffusion alloyed powders. It has
good compressibility and green strength,
enabling parts to be made easily to densities
above 6.7 g/cm3. The use of nickel and
molybdenum as the principal alloying elements
permits Ancorsteel 2000 to be processed using
conventional P/M sintering temperatures and
atmospheres.
Ancorsteel 2000, because of its high degree
of cleanliness and uniform chemistry, is ideally
suited for powder forging (P/F) applications
that require the hardenability and mechanical
properties associated with cast and wrought
steels. Part densities of 7.60 to 7.86 g/cm3
can be obtained using hot forming pressures of
415–1100 MPa (30–80 tsi).
Typical Analysis and Properties
Composition (weight %) (w/o)
C
Mo
Ni
Mn
<0.01
0.61
0.46
0.25
O
0.13
Apparent Density
Flow Rate
2.98 g /cm3
25 s/ 50 g
Sieve Distribution (w/o)
Micrometers
+250 -250 /+150 -150 /+45 -45
U.S. Standard Mesh
+60 -60 /+100 -100 /+325 -325
Trace
10
65
25
The Effect of Compaction Pressure on Green Properties
Compaction Pressure (tsi)
30
40
Compaction Pressure (tsi)
50
14
Green Strength (MPa)
Green Density (g/cm3)
30
40
50
60
2.0
12
7.0
6.6
6.2
1 w/o Zinc
Stearate Added
5.8
5.4
5.0
200
20
1.5
10
8
1.0
6
1 w/o Zinc
Stearate Added
4
0.5
Green Strength (103 psi)
7.4
20
2
300
400
500
600
700
800
Compaction Pressure (MPa)
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
0
200
300
400
500
600
700
0.0
800
Compaction Pressure (MPa)
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com
0715-AS2000-D-2
Data Sheet
Pg 2 of 5
Ancorsteel 2000
®
The Effect of the Combined Carbon on Sintered Properties
1000
Sintered 30 min. at 1120ºC (2050ºF)
in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere
7.0 g/cm3
120
750
6.6 g/cm3
90
500
60
6.0 g/cm3
250
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
Combined Carbon (w/o)
30
1.00
Dimensional Change (% From Die Size)
Dimensional Change
150
Transverse Rupture Strength (103 psi)
Transverse Rupture Strength (MPa)
Transverse Rupture Strength
+0.4
Sintered 30 min. at 1120ºC (2050ºF)
in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere
+0.3
7.0 g/cm3
+0.2
6.6 g/cm3
6.0 g/cm3
+0.1
0.0
-0.1
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
Combined Carbon (w/o)
1.00
Apparent Hardness
Apparent Hardness (HRB)
100
Sintered 30 min. at 1120ºC (2050ºF)
in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere
7.0 g/cm3
80
6.6 g/cm3
60
6.0 g/cm3
40
20
0
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
Combined Carbon (w/o)
1.00
The Effect of the Sintering Temperature and Time on Properties
0.8 w/o graphite added
6.8 g/cm3
1138˚C (2080˚F)
1000
1110˚C (2030˚F)
900
150
140
130
120
800
100
700
0
30
60
90
120
Sintering Time At Temperature (mins.)
Dimensional Change (% From Die Size)
1100
Dimensional Change
Transverse Rupture Strength (103 psi)
Transverse Rupture Strength (MPa)
Transverse Rupture Strength
+0.40
0.8 w/o graphite added
6.8 g/cm3
+0.20
1110˚C (2030˚F)
0
1138˚C (2080˚F)
-0.20
0
30
60
90
Sintering Time At Temperature (mins.)
120
Test specimens were sintered in an endothermic gas atmosphere.
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com
0715-AS2000-D-2
Data Sheet
Pg 3 of 5
Ancorsteel 2000
®
Comparison of the Hardenability of Premixed and Prealloyed Powders
with Equivalent Compositions
Distance From Quenched End, in 1/16˝
Apparent Hardness (HRC)
60
0
2
4
6
8
10
0.40 w/o Carbon
Jominy Hardenability
40
Ancorsteel 2000
20
Ancorsteel 1000
plus 0.50 w/o Ni,
0.65 w/o Mo
0
3
6
9
12
15
Distance from Quenched End (millimeters)
The Effect of Heat Treatment
Transverse Rupture Strength, MPa (103 psi)
Apparent Hardness (HRA)
Tempering Temperature (˚F)
Combined Carbon (w/o)
0.80
400
600
800
Tempering Temperature (˚F)
200
1000
1400
(200)
0.60
1200
(175)
1400
(200)
1200
(175)
0.40
1050
(150)
0.20
100
400
600
800
1000
0.80
1050
(150)
200
300
400
Tempering Temperature (˚C)
500
Combined Carbon (w/o)
200
75
70
65
0.60
0.40
60
0.20
100
200
300
400
500
Tempering Temperature (˚C)
Test specimens were at a density of 7.0 g/cm3. The specimens were austenitized in an endothermic atmosphere
at 790˚C to 870˚C (1450˚F to 1600˚F), oil quenched and tempered.
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com
0715-AS2000-D-2
Data Sheet
Pg 4 of 5
Ancorsteel 2000
®
The Effect of Sintering Temperature and Sintered Carbon
on the Tensile Properties of Ancorsteel 2000 Compacted to 6.8 g/cm3
Sintering
Temperature
˚C
˚F
1120
1260
1120
1260
1120
1260
2050
2300
2050
2300
2050
2300
Sintered
Carbon
w/o
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
Yield Strength
2% Offset
MPa
psi
Ultimate Tensile
Strength
MPa
psi
250
285
295
330
360
410
290
365
345
420
385
510
36,500
41,500
42,500
48,000
52,000
59,000
Elongation
% in 25.4 mm (1 inch)
42,000
53,000
50,000
61,000
56,000
74,000
<1.0
1.9
<1.0
1.5
<1.0
1.2
The Effect of Sintering Temperature and Sintered Carbon
on the Tensile Properties of Heat Treated Ancorsteel 2000 Compacted to 6.8 g/cm3
Sintering
Temperature
˚C
˚F
1120
1260
1120
1260
1120
1260
2050
2300
2050
2300
2050
2300
Sintered
Carbon
w/o
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
Ultimate Tensile
Strength
MPa
psi
620
815
495
705
430
620
Yield Strength
0.2% Offset
90,000
118,000
72,000
102,000
62,000
90,000
Elongation
There was no yielding
or elongation
in the heat treated bars.
Apparent
Hardness
HRC
28
28
36
36
42
42
The test bars were austenitized at 845˚C (1550˚F) and 815˚C (1500˚F) for the 0.4 w/o and 0.6 w/o sintered carbon
respectively. All bars were quenched in a fast cooling oil and stress relieved at 175˚C (350˚F).
Sinter-Hardening Characteristics of Ancorsteel 2000 Premixed With 2 w/o Copper
Graphite
Compaction Pressure
Additions*
for 6.8 g/cm3
w/o
MPa
psi
0
0.3
0.6
0.6
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
490
490
495
495
510
510
510
510
71,200
71,200
72,000
72,000
73,600
73,600
73,600
73,600
Temper
60 min.
Dimensional
Change
%
Apparent
Hardness
HRB
—
—
—
260˚C (500˚F)
—
150˚C (300˚F)
200˚C (400˚F)
260˚C (500˚F)
+0.44
+0.46
+0.33
+0.33
+0.05
+0.03
+0.03
+0.03
31
66
72
73
89
89
89
89
Transverse
Rupture Strength Martensite
MPa
psi
%
480
790
885
890
945
1040
1065
1010
71,400
114,200
128,000
128,700
136,700
150,900
154,500
146,700
0
0
0
0
30
30
30
30
*All mixes include 0.75 w/o zinc stearate and were sintered at 1120˚C (2050˚F) for 30 minutes
in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere.
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com
0715-AS2000-D-2
Data Sheet
Pg 5 of 5
Ancorsteel 2000
®
Powder Forging
Power forging (P/F) is a natural extension of the
conventional press and sinter (P/M) process,
which has long been recognized as an effective
technology for producing a great variety of parts to
net or near-net shape. In essence, a porous preform is
densified by means of hot forming in a single
operation. Forging is carried out in heated, totally
enclosed dies, and virtually no flash is generated.
Powder forging, therefore, is a deformation
processing technology aimed at increasing the density
of P/M parts and thus their performance
characteristics.
The Effect of P/F Carbon Content
on Hardenability
70
0.20–0.25 w/o C
20–25 HRC
60
80
50
60
40
40
0
0.04
0.08
Oxygen (w/o)
30
0.16
0.12
85
Apparent Hardness (HRA)
100
Charpy V-Notch Impact Strength (ft. lbf)
Charpy V-Notch Impact Energy (Joules)
The Effect of Oxygen Content
on the Impact Energy of the Finished P/F Part
0
Distance From Quenched End (inches)
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
80
1.0
0.52 w/o C
75
70
0.28 w/o C
65
60
0.22 w/o C
55
50
45
0
5
10
15
20
Distance From Quenched End (mm)
25
Tensile and Impact Properties for Heat Treated Ancorsteel 2000
with Various Forged Carbon Levels
Forged
Carbon
w/o
Tempering
Temp
Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile
0.2% Offset
Strength
Tensile
Elongation
Reduction R.T. Charpy V-Notch
of Area
Impact Energy
Core
Hardness
˚C
˚F
MPa
psi
MPa
psi
% in 25.4 mm (1 in)
%
Joules
ft. lbf
HRA
0.28
0.37
0.56
0.70
0.86
175
315
315
345
425
350
600
600
650
800
900
1385
1560
1560
1310
130,000
200,700
226,100
226,500
189,800
1050
1450
1685
1805
1430
152,700
210,300
244,400
261,900
207,400
11
10
10
5
10
43
33
29
12
30
22
10
10
7
7
16
7
7
5
5
67
73
73
76
73
0.26
0.38
0.55
0.73
0.87
620
650
660
675
675
1150
1200
1225
1250
1250
700
785
840
860
850
101,800
113,800
119,100
124,400
122,800
830
860
920
970
995
120,700
124,700
133,100
140,400
144,200
23
21
18
15
16
58
57
50
43
34
34
54
42
20
12
25
40
31
15
9
63
64
66
66
66
IMPORTANT NOTICE: The data shown are based on laboratory processing standard test specimens. Results may vary from those obtained in production processing.
NORTH AMERICA Cinnaminson, NJ: +1-856-829-2220, tim.hale@hoeganaes.com
EUROPE Meerbusch, Germany: +49-2132-6598-20, klaus.vossen@hoeganaes.com
ASIA Seoul, Korea: +82-2-3486-4471, jongsik.na@hoeganaes.com
Pudong Shanghai, China: +86-21-2037-3950, oliver.he@hoeganaes.com