Intermarriage "According to Gabe Grosz, associate publisher of Interrace magazine, almost one third of all Asians in the U.S. marry outside their race" (324). Late 1800s and early 1900s, "only two to five percent of first-generation Asian immigrants of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean ancestry married outside their race" (324). Miscegenation forbidden by law or social custom. Chinese in Hawaii married native Hawaiian women; Asian Indians in rural California married Mexican women; early Filipino immigrants outmarried at a rate of 90 per cent (324). During World War II, more outmarriages: first, Japanese American Citizens League urged Japanese Americans to seek marriage with Anglo-Americans; second, U.S. military men married Asian Women. The War Brides Act of 1945 granted permission for servicemen to bring home their Asian wives: Japanese, Korean, Filipina, and Vietnamese women married U.S. soldiers and immigrated to the U.S. "In 1948, California was the first state to repeal its antimiscegenation laws, and by 1967, all antimiscegenation statutes had been declared unconstitutional" (324) Estimates suggest that "half a million or more Asians outmarry each year" (324). Tolerance for and acceptance of biracial marriage has risen; also, the perception that Asian females are more desirable than Asian males (324).