Contributors thierry chopin is Head of Research at the Robert Schuman Foundation, Paris/ Brussels. He is also Visiting Professor at the College of Europe, Bruges, and teaches at Sciences Po, Paris, and at Mines ParisTech. He is associate expert at Centre de recherches internationales (CERI), Sciences Po, and Visiting Fellow at European Institute of the London School of Economics and Political Science. His main research interests are EU legitimacy and democracy, and the relationship between European integration and differentiation. He is the author of several books on European issues, including Politique européenne: États, pouvoirs et citoyens de l’Union européenne (with Yves Bertoncini, 2010) and has recently published La fracture politique de l’Europe: Crise de légitimité et déficit politique (2015). He is co-editor of Schuman Report on Europe: State of the Union. manni crone is a senior researcher and academic coordinator at the Danish Institute for International Studies. Her current research focuses on terrorism and counterterrorism in Europe, the visuals of international security and French domestic and foreign policy. She is the author of ‘Religion and violence: governing Muslim militancy through aesthetic assemblages’ (Millennium 43: 1, 2014). alex danchev is Professor of International Relations at the University of St Andrews, and the recipient of a Leverhulme Major Research Fellowship for 2014–17. He has written extensively on various aspects of art and violence. Some of this work is collected in two widely acclaimed volumes of essays: On art and war and terror (2011) and On good and evil and the grey zone (2016). He is currently working on a book about the life of the revolutionary René Magritte. thomas juneau is an assistant professor at the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, University of Ottawa, Canada. His research focuses mostly on the Middle East, in particular on Iran, Yemen, Syria and US foreign policy in the region. He is also interested in Canadian foreign and defence policy. He is the author of Squandered opportunity: neoclassical realism and Iranian foreign policy (2015) and co-editor of Iranian foreign policy since 2001: alone in the world (with Sam Razavi, 2013). He has also published articles and book chapters on the Middle East, International Relations theories and pedagogical methods, notably in International Studies Perspectives, Middle East Policy and Orbis. Prior to joining the University of Ottawa, he worked for Canada’s Department of National Defence from 2003 to 2014. Contributors amir m. kamel is a Lecturer in the Defence Studies Department and an Associate Staff Member in the Institute of Middle Eastern Studies, both at King’s College London. His research is concerned with the impact of the economy on politics (and vice versa), with a specific focus on foreign policies towards the Middle East, and his latest book is The political economy of EU ties with Iraq and Iran (2015). He has over three years combined experience of working for various consultancies, NGOs and providing analysis and expert opinion for various public sector agencies. christian lequesne is Professor of European and Foreign Politics at Sciences Po, Paris. He is the former director of CERI, Sciences Po. His work focuses on the relationship between national politics and European integration, and comparative foreign policies and diplomacy. He is co-editor, with Simon Bulmer, of The member states of the European Union (2013) and is currently preparing a book on French diplomats. He has recently published ‘EU foreign policy through the lens of practice theory: a different approach to the European External Action Service’ (Cooperation and Conflict 50: 3, 2015) and ‘The eurozone crisis and European integration: new intergovernmentalism as a valid theory’ in Sabine Saurugger and Fabien Terpan, Crisis and institutional change in regional integration (2016). tim oliver is the Dahrendorf Fellow for Europe–North American relations at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is also a non-resident fellow at the Center for Transatlantic Relations of the Johns Hopkins University Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Washington DC. He has worked in the House of Lords, the European Parliament, the German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP), RAND Corporation, and taught at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, the London School of Economics and University College London. His recent publications include ‘To be or not to be in Europe: is that the question?’ (International Affairs 91: 1, 2015) and ‘Europe’s British question: the UK–EU relationship in a changing Europe and multipolar world’ (Global Society 29: 3, 2015). sarah g. phillips is a Senior Lecturer in the Centre for International Security Studies at The University of Sydney and holds two grants from the Australian Research Council. Her work has been published in African Affairs, Foreign Affairs and Survival, among other journals, and her most recent book, Yemen and the politics of permanent crisis (2011), analyses the dynamics of the country’s informal institutions amid rapid political and social change. Her main research interests include the securitization of development, post-colonial perspectives on International Relations, and the politics of contemporary state-building and donor aid. She has conducted extensive fieldwork in the Middle East and the Horn of Africa, particularly in Yemen, Somaliland, Kenya, Jordan, Pakistan and Oman. matthew r. h. uttley holds the Chair in Defence Studies at King’s College London. He has published widely on the historical and contemporary dimensions of UK defence policy, defence economics and weapons acquisition. His recent publications include ‘The curious incident of Mr Cameron and the United Kingdom defence budget: a new legacy’ (Political Quarterly 87: 1, 2016), and the Policy Insti- Contributors tute at King’s report entitled A benefit, not a burden: the security, economic and strategic value of Britain’s defence industry (2015), both co-authored with Andrew M. Dorman and Benedict Wilkinson. He has acted as an adviser and expert reviewer for a number of bodies including the National Audit Office, the European Commission, the Ministry of Defence’s Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre, and the Economic and Social Research Council, and he is an adjunct professor at the Baltic Defence College, Tartu, Estonia. antto vihma is Senior Research Fellow at the Finnish Institute of International Affairs, Helsinki, Finland, and a writer/editor for the Earth Negotiations Bulletin. He was recently named Adjunct Professor (docent) at the University of Eastern Finland. He specializes in climate and energy issues in external relations, and questions of legitimacy and effectiveness of international agreements. His work has been published in, among other journals, Regulation & Governance, Global Environmental Politics and Global Change, Peace & Security. He is also the author of several widely cited policy briefs on climate and energy issues. yaniv voller is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow in the Department of Politics and International Relations, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh. He is the author of The Kurdish liberation movement in Iraq: from insurgency to statehood (2014), as well as articles in journals such as the International Journal of Middle East Studies, Democratization, Middle East Policy and Political Science Quarterly. His research interests include: separatist movements, contested sovereignty, insurgency and ideas and ideologies in international politics. His current research investigates the changing nature of separatist struggles, with a focus on the Iraqi Kurdish, South Sudanese and the Saharawi cases. richard g. whitman is currently a Senior Fellow for the UK in a Changing Europe programme and Visiting Senior Fellow at Chatham House. He is also Director of the Global Europe Centre and Professor of Politics and International Relations at the University of Kent. His current research interests include the foreign, security and defence policies of the EU and the UK, and the governance and future priorities of the EU. His books include The European Union as a global conflict manager: seeking security through engagement (co-edited with Stefan Wolff, 2012). He is a regular international media commentator and has given evidence to the UK Parliament on UK and EU foreign and security issues. mikael wigell works as a Senior Research Fellow at the Finnish Institute of International Affairs, Helsinki, Finland. He also currently holds a Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship with the Academy of Finland. His work has been published in Democratization and the International Journal on Minority and Group Rights, and he is the co-editor of a forthcoming special issue of the Asia Europe Journal, ‘Geoeconomics in the context of restive regional powers’. He specializes in the EU’s external relations, the political economy of development, and geostrategic research. benedict wilkinson is a Senior Research Fellow in the Policy Institute at King’s College London, where he has been based since 2013. He was formerly a lecturer Contributors in the Defence Studies Department at King’s and Head of Security and CounterTerrorism at the Royal United Services Institute. His recent publications include ‘The curious incident of Mr Cameron and the United Kingdom defence budget: a new legacy’ (Political Quarterly 87: 1, 2016), and the Policy Institute at King’s report entitled A benefit, not a burden: the security, economic and strategic value of Britain’s defence industry (2015), both with Matthew R. H. Uttley and Andrew M. Dorman. In 2016 he was appointed advisor to the All-Party Parliamentary Group on CounterExtremism and has recently finished co-editing a collection of articles on the thought of Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman, entitled The art of creating power: Freedman on strategy (with James Gow, 2016). michael john williams is Clinical Professor of International Relations and Director of the International Relations Program at New York University. His most recent book is Science, law and liberalism in the American way of war: the quest for humanity in conflict (2015). He is a term member of the Council on Foreign Relations, a Fellow of the Inter-University Seminar on the Armed Forces and Senior Associate Scholar at the Center for European Policy Analysis in Washington DC. Previously, he was a Bosch Fellow in the German Ministry of Defense, a Visiting Fellow at the University of Oxford, and a DAAD Fellow at the Bundeswehr Center for Military History and Social Science.