Environmental Newsletter of the City of Cape Town
THIS CITY WORKS FOR YOU
Published by the City of Cape Town Environmental Planning Department, in partnership with
City Health, City Spatial Development, Social Development, Solid Waste, Planning and Water.
SUSTAINABILITY –
A CHALLENGE FOR
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Contents
When former US President, Bill Clinton, addressed the COP 11 meeting of the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change at a pivotal event in
Montreal in December 2005, it signalled a new era for local governance, likely to
be reflected at the ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability – World Congress
being held in Cape Town at the end of February 2006.
Left to right: Hansa Patel, Executive Director of the All India Institute for Local Self Government; Stephane Dion, President
of the United Nations Climate Change Conference and Minister of Environment for Canada; and Konrad Otto-Zimmermann,
Secretary General of ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability.
The Honourable Stephane Dion requested an opportunity to address the Fourth Municipal Leaders Summit to share his insights
on the international negotiations, and to recognise both the impact that climate change is having on communities and the actions
being taken at local level.
N
ot only were local government leaders,
including ICLEI’s Secretary General, Konrad
Otto-Zimmermann, allocated front row VIP
seats and introduced to Clinton by Mayor Gerald
Tremblay of Montreal, but Clinton also emphasised
in his speech the pivotal role of local governments
in implementing action in respect of climate change
issues. ‘Why can’t all leaders act like Mayors?’
Clinton asked.
In addition, the commitments made by 192 US
Mayors (at the time of COP 11), with respect
to climate change and energy issues, in direct
opposition to the Bush Administration’s official
policy, attracted extensive media coverage and
further underlined the decisive role of local
government in determining the fate of the planet.
‘As US city leaders, we have committed ourselves
to programmes to reduce our carbon emissions, at
least in proportion to the target set for the USA
by the Kyoto Accord,’ stated Mayor Greg Nickel of
Seattle, the initiator and driving force behind this
group of Mayors, who expects to be at the ICLEI
World Congress in Cape Town.
Volume 1/06
February 2006
The recognition of local government as world
leaders effecting real change is gratifying, but
it also places a clear responsibility on Mayors to
deliver. ICLEI’s global standing has also clearly
been enhanced, as the primary co-ordinators of
the highly visible Municipal Leaders Summit at
Montreal, and there will be high expectations on
innovative and effective outcomes at the ICLEI
World Congress. This will be especially important
with respect to energy and climate change issues,
where the Congress will build on the policy and
strategy issues fashioned in Montreal to effect clear
implementation measures, primarily through ICLEI’s
highly successful Cities for Climate Protection
Programme.
Other programmes of urban sustainability, however,
will also be at the fore. Water and sanitation issues,
biodiversity, local agendas for sustainable cities,
resilient communities, viable local economies,
sustainable mobility, sustainable procurement and
sustainable management are all likely to result in
lively debate, with best practice scenarios being
presented from around the world. Outcomes from
these programmes, which will emerge from plenary
- continued on page 2 -
PAGE DESCRIPTION
1 SUSTAINABILITY – A CHALLENGE FOR
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
2 MESSAGE FROM COUNCILLOR CAROL BEERWINKEL
3 MESSAGE FROM STEPHEN BOSHOFF
3 MESSAGE FROM OSMAN ASMAL
4 CITY OF CAPE TOWN ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING DEPARTMENT
4 CAPE TOWN ELECTED HOST CITY FOR
UPCOMING THIRD GEF ASSEMBLY
5 CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY FOR ALL CITIZENS OF CAPE TOWN
6-7 NATURE CONSERVATION
8-11 COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
12 GOING GREEN
13 CITY INTERNS & STUDENTS EXCEL
13 PROVINCIAL POLICY DOCUMENTS AIM TO CURB UNSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
14 -15 ENERGY & CLIMATE CHANGE
16 -17 LOCAL AGENDA 21
18-19 PORTFOLIO OF SUSTAINABILITY
BEST PRACTICE
20-21 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
22 WASTE AND RECYCLING
23 SAVING WATER
24-25 OPEN SPACES FOR ALL
26 THE TWO RIVERS URBAN PARK
27 KHAYELITSHA AIR POLLUTION
STRATEGY
28 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2005
28 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE DIRECTORY FOR THE CITY OF CAPE TOWN 2005/2006
28 SPECIAL DAYS
FOR 2006
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
keynotes, integrated discussion in parallel sessions,
technical site visits and exhibits, will directly
influence ICLEI’s five-year strategic plan and shape
the direction of urban sustainability development
in the near future.
A key feature of the congress will be the ‘Cape
Town Day’, which will take delegates out of the
convention halls into all parts of the City. A choice
of eleven themed tours, embracing such topics as
urban mobility, integrated waste management,
energy and climate change, health, water and
sanitation, disaster management, responsible
tourism, biodiversity, human settlements and
coastal management, will be offered to delegates
and will comprise two to three stops at relevant
City projects where formal and informal exchanges
will be held with local experts and community
groups. After a lunch break, which will provide
further opportunity for informal debate around the
morning’s site visits, key global questions on the
applicable theme will be debated in small groups
and in themed plenaries to take back innovative
approaches and actions to the formal congress
sessions the following day.
The Greening of the ICLEI World Congress (see
more detailed article in this publication) will seek
to apply latest techniques and technologies to
ensure that all aspects of the congress, including
air and local travel, accommodation, social events,
exhibiting and meals will be delivered on the basis
of carbon neutrality. Significantly, ICLEI – Local
Governments for Sustainability – have agreed to
invest carbon taxes, obtained from mitigated air
travel emissions to ICLEI conferences and meetings
for the past 18 months, into a legacy project in
Cape Town. This project will be an important part
of the expansion of Kuyasa, a low-income housing
project in Khayelitsha, where solar water heaters
and other devices are being fitted to reduce the
City’s carbon emissions load into the atmosphere.
The announcement of the local government elections
on 1 March 2006 has provided both opportunity and
challenge to the congress organisers. The elections
provide an opportunity for international delegates
to observe South African democracy first hand, as
attempts are being made to ensure accreditation for
visitors at the polling booths. The first stop on the
‘Cape Town Day’ site visits will thus be to one of
the polling stations, ensuring active observation of
voting procedures. On the other hand, there will be
an undoubted impact on South Africans, who may
find it hard to leave their home constituencies during
election time.
Following on the 2002 World Summit for
Sustainable Development (WSSD), which took place
in Johannesburg, the ICLEI World Congress 2006,
themed Out of Africa – Local Solutions to Global
Challenges, provides an important sustainability
milestone in South Africa. With the exception of
the Summit, the gathering of world leaders in local
government is likely to be unprecedented and will
put Cape Town, South Africa and Africa squarely
on the world sustainability map.
The ICLEI World Congress
will take place in
Cape Town from
27 February to
3 March 2006.
MESSAGE FROM COUNCILLOR CAROL BEERWINKEL
T
he City of Cape Town is honoured to be hosting the ‘ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability – World Congress’ from
27 February to 1 March 2006. We are making history in doing so – this being the first time that this triennial event is
being held in Africa, in a developing context and in the southern hemisphere.
The ICLEI World Congress 2006 will be a dynamic event which aims to achieve a range of goals, not least of which is to
strengthen cooperation between cities and governments worldwide, in particular those in the African Region, in working
towards achieving local sustainability. We welcome all of the ICLEI delegates, both local and international, to our beautiful
City and look forward to a stimulating week.
We are also privileged that Cape Town has been selected as the venue for the Global Environment Forum (GEF) World Assembly to be held in late August 2006.
GEF is the funding mechanism of the United Nations and the World Bank to assist developing countries with sustainable development and environmental
projects and programmes. This major event will provide a wonderful opportunity to raise global awareness of environmental issues in Africa, and in particular,
to showcase some of our own benchmark local efforts in this regard.
Representatives from the City of Cape Town recently attended the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Montreal, Canada where our local ‘Kuyasa
Low-Income Urban Housing Energy Upgrade Project” was proudly showcased. This project has received wide international recognition, being the first
registered Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project on the African continent, as well as the first CDM project to use solar water heating in a thermal
efficiency upgrade. It has won numerous awards, and is the first CDM project worldwide to acquire the Gold Standard accreditation for its major contribution
to sustainable development.
This bumper issue of our newly redesigned ENVIROWORKS (previously Environmental Leaflet) gives a broad overview of the scope of environmental projects
and initiatives happening in our City. In working towards environmental sustainability, our City faces many challenges, but it is an exciting time and we look
forward to collaborating with a range of partners, both existing and new.
Cllr Carol Beerwinkel
Member of the Mayoral Committee: Planning and Environment
MESSAGES
MESSAGE FROM STEPHEN BOSHOFF
T
he City of Cape Town faces tremendous challenges in relation to spatial inequity and access. Unsustainable and costly settlement
patterns and fragmentation are exacerbated by the lack of a good public transport system, and unfulfilled expectations and needs.
In addressing these issues, the Strategy and Development Directorate is currently leading the preparation of a long-term Development
Framework for the City. The main purpose of this work is to put in place a cross-sectoral framework that will, over the next 20 to 30
years, proactively facilitate the development of a city that will work for all of our citizens.
It is vital that the principles of the City’s Integrated Metropolitan Environmental Policy (IMEP) underpin the development and
implementation of this long-term plan. One of the core values that informs the framework is sustainability; a commitment to adopting
and implementing the principles underlying sustainable development of the City of Cape Town, and ensuring the mainstreaming of environmental issues into local
government decision-making at all levels, will be integral to its success.
Stephen Boshoff
Executive Director: Strategy and Development, City of Cape Town
MESSAGE FROM OSMAN ASMAL
C
ape Town's unique environment is arguably also its greatest asset, making our City one of the most sought after urban environments
in the world – for living in and as a tourist destination. In recognising the need to effectively manage and protect this environment,
a new consolidated Environmental Planning Department is fast emerging as part of the City’s restructuring process.
Six months into this process, significant changes can be seen. Some of these are the securing of full-time staff for coastal zone
management, poverty alleviation and extended public works programmes, environmental management systems and audit protocols,
environmental education and training and for environmental law and monitoring. A new Nature Conservation Branch is now aligned
with the management and implementation of the City's Biodiversity Strategy. Staff members from other City service units are also
joining us as part of a voluntary redeployment process. These added human resources will enable the Department to significantly improve our service delivery.
Cape Town is also the first local authority in South Africa to establish a dedicated Resource Management Branch that will focus on the conservation of water
and energy, promotion of renewable energy and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), sustainable procurement, cleaner production and Local Agenda 21.
The Department also continues to strengthen our partnerships with other spheres of government and external stakeholders. Recent confirmation of an allocation
of over R50 million for Poverty Alleviation projects from the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism (DEAT) has led to the implementation of numerous
job creation projects that will result in an improved environment. Other highlights in the last six months include the Kuyasa CDM project winning a tender to offset
carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the 2005 Gleneagles G8 Summit, and the launch of an exciting community-based White Shark Spotting Programme along the
False Bay coast.
In the months ahead, we will concentrate on building environmental inputs into Cape Town’s 20-Year Plan and revisit our framework policy, the Integrated
Metropolitan Environmental Policy (IMEP). Cape Town's host city status for the ICLEI World Congress and Global Environmental Facility Assembly provide us with
exciting new opportunities and partnerships while also providing a platform to showcase some of our benchmark environmental and sustainable development
projects. We look forward to working with you and making this City work for you.
Osman Asmal
Director: Environmental Planning, City of Cape Town
MESSAGES
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
CITY OF CAPE TOWN
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING DEPARTMENT
The Environmental Planning Department undertakes the following key tasks
under the functional areas listed below:
ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY
MANAGER: GODFREY MVUMA
• Environmental Policy & Strategy
• Environmental Performance & Information
• Strategic Coordination
(Poverty Alleviation & Extended Public Works Programme)
• Project & Partnership Development
• Coastal Coordination & Coastal Zone Management
• Strategy Development & Coordination
Tel: 021 487 2355 E-mail: godfrey.mvuma@capetown.gov.za
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
MANAGER: KEITH WISEMAN
• Environmental Review Coordination
• Heritage Resource Management
• Environmental Management Systems & Audit Protocol
• Environmental Law, Monitoring & Enforcement
Tel: 021 487 2283 E-mail: keith.wiseman@capetown.gov.za
NATURE CONSERVATION
MANAGER: JULIA WOOD
• Nature Reserve Management
• Biodiversity Strategy Coordination
• Monitoring & Evaluation
• Protected Area Status
• Alien Invasive Species Coordination
Tel: 021 487 2352 E-mail: julia.wood@capetown.gov.za
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
MANAGER: SHIRENE ROSENBERG
• Energy & Climate Change
• Clean Development Mechanism
• Renewable Energy Projects
• Local Agenda 21
• Cleaner Production & Sustainable Procurement
Tel: 021 487 2124 E-mail: shirene.rosenberg@capetown.gov.za
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION, TRAINING & COMMUNICATIONS
MANAGER: KOBIE BRAND
• Environmental Education
• Training
• Communications & Marketing
• Public Awareness
Tel: 021 487 2293 E-mail: kobie.brand@capetown.gov.za
The Department is supported by a Support Services Branch, as follows:
SUPPORT SERVICES
MANAGER: MARIANA VOLSCHENK
• Project support
• HR and general administration
• Finance
Tel: 021 487 2353 E-mail: mariana.volschenk@capetown.gov.za
ANOTHER FIRST FOR AFRICA
CAPE TOWN ELECTED AS
HOST CITY FOR UPCOMING
THIRD GEF ASSEMBLY
From August 27 to September 1, 2006, Cape
Town will be host City to the ‘Third GEF
(Global Environment Facility) Assembly’,
expected to be attended by over 1 500
environmental leaders and decision-makers
from around the globe.
T
his Assembly will bring together ministerial
delegations, leaders from the international
donor community, NGOs, the world media
and business leaders in a five-day event that
will focus on environmental and developmental
challenges facing the developing world. The event
will include a range of side events, pre- and postAssembly conferences, while also providing a
fantastic platform for Cape Town and the Western
Cape Province to showcase and share some of
our own innovative local solutions, projects and
partnerships in action.
The GEF Assembly is comprised of all the 176
member countries and meets once every four years
to review the policies and operations of the GEF,
reporting back to the GEF Council.
The GEF is an independent financial organisation
that provides grants to developing countries for
projects that benefit the global environment
and promote sustainable livelihoods in local
communities. The type of projects supported by
GEF address six complex global environmental
issues:
• Biodiversity
• Climate Change
• International Waters
• Land Degradation
• The Ozone Layer
• Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
Since 1991, the GEF has provided $4.5 billion in
grants and generated $14.5 billion in co-financing
from other partners for projects in developing
countries and countries with economies in
transition.
GEF projects are mainly managed by three GEF
Implementing Agencies, namely:
• the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP);
• the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP); and
• the World Bank;
with assistance from seven additional international
organisations.
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY FOR ALL CITIZENS OF CAPE TOWN
CITY OF CAPE TOWN NATURE CONSERVATION BRANCH
The City of Cape Town falls within the smallest yet richest of the World’s Plant
Kingdoms, namely the Cape Floristic Kingdom. This Kingdom is one of 25
internationally-recognised biodiversity hotspots.
T
he Nature Conservation Branch is responsible
for the conservation of biodiversity within
the City of Cape Town‘s boundaries. A
fundamental aspect to the Branch’s work is to ensure
that biodiversity and nature are mainstreamed into
everyday life, which includes delivering tangible
benefits to all communities. In this way, the Branch
contributes to the City’s Integrated Development
Plan (IDP).
The activities of the Branch are aligned to the Cape
Action for People and the Environment (C.A.P.E.)
Bioregional Programme, and the City of Cape Town
is a signatory to the C.A.P.E. Memorandum of
Understanding. C.A.P.E. is a national programme
under the National Environment Management:
Biodiversity Act and has the following vision:
By the year 2020, the natural environment and
biodiversity of the Cape Floristic Kingdom and
associated marine areas:
• will be effectively conserved;
• will be restored wherever appropriate; and
• will deliver significant benefits to the people of
the region in a way that is embraced by local
communities, endorsed by government and
recognised internationally.
More specifically, the Nature Conservation Branch is
responsible for conservation planning, biodiversity
management and alien species eradication. In
the field of conservation planning, the City’s
approved Biodiversity Strategy has resulted in the
identification of a network of
sites that need to be secured
to conserve a representative
sample of the City of Cape
Town’s unique biodiversity
and, thus, promote sustainable
development.
Executive Deputy Mayor, Gawa Samuels, with community workers who were trained in alien cleaning, at a certificate handover
ceremony at Blue Downs.
More recently, the Branch is setting up an alien
invasive species unit. This unit will co-ordinate alien
invasive eradication activities across the City. Alien
invasive plant species are not only a huge threat
to biodiversity, but create a high fire risk, and
contribute to health and safety issues. The City is
legally obligated by national legislation to clear alien
invasive vegetation. To date, the Branch is working
with all internal and external roleplayers to ensure
a co-ordinated approach. The first project has been
initiated in the Delft and Blue Downs areas. This
project, being undertaken in consultation with the
City police, is aimed at clearing aliens, while at the
same time removing dense bush that is creating a
hiding place for criminals. Local community labour
is being used.
Huge challenges are facing the City
of Cape Town’s Nature Conservation
Branch, the first and foremost, is that
the City has one of the richest and
most threatened vegetation types
in the world. Coupled with this is a
rapidly expanding population. Other
challenges include lack of financial
resources and fragmented staff
structure. On the flip side, these
challenges provide huge opportunities
to mainstream biodiversity and
provide all citizens with, not only
access to, but other benefits from the
City’s natural areas.
At present 23 formally protected
areas (13 of which have qualified
nature conservators on site) are
managed by the City’s Nature
Conservation Branch. These
areas exclude Table Mountain,
which is managed by SANParks,
and other provincial reserves
such as Driftsands, a reserve on
the Cape Flats.
Experiencing nature first hand at one of the
City’s nature reserves.
CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
The Nature Conservation Branch has a number of successful
projects, initiatives and spectacular discoveries:
CAPE FLATS NATURE
ZEEKOEVLEI
ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION
PROGRAMME (ZEEP)
Cape Flats Nature is a City partnership project that
builds good practice in sustainable management
of Biodiversity Network sites in a people-centred
way. This develops local leadership for conservation
action and benefits the surrounding communities,
particularly areas where incomes are low and living
conditions poor. Cape Flats Nature recently won
a Gold Award from the Impumelelo Innovations
Award Trust. Other partners and funders in Cape
Flats Nature include the Table Mountain Fund, the
Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund, the South
African National Biodiversity Institute, and the
Botanical Society of South Africa.
This programme, in partnership with the Table
Mountain Fund, aims to serve and uplift the
community, specifically through offering quality
environmental and conservation-based education
programmes. Through this project over 5 000 youth
(the majority being primary school children from
surrounding previously disadvantaged areas) have
benefited from the overnight camps in Zeekoevlei
and Rondevlei Nature Reserves.
IMVUBU NATURE TOURS
Imvubu Nature Tours is a community-based
tourism company established at Rondevlei Nature
Reserve in 2002, and responsible for all tourismrelated activities at the reserve. Management,
ownership and staff are all from the immediate local
community, thereby providing economic benefits
to the community as well as a more personalised
service to Rondevlei guests. Where possible all
equipment, material and labour are sourced locally.
The only hippo population in
the Western Cape resides in the
Rondevlei Nature Reserve where
Imvubu Nature Tours operate.
Imvubu means hippopotamus
in Xhosa and Zulu.
For more information, please contact Julia Wood
at Environmental Planning on 021 487 2352
or julia.wood@capetown.cov.za
NATURE CONSERVATION
BLAAUWBERG CONSERVATION AREA
In the 2004/05 year, R1,4 million was generated in funds from the Critical Ecosystem Partnerships Project,
funded by the World Bank and implemented in partnership with the Wildlife and Environment Society of
South Africa. This project involved the development
of the Blaauwberg Conservation Area (BCA), an
area of extremely high biodiversity and cultural
significance. The project has generated employment
for 15 people.
The rediscovery of the
Lizard that Beholds
the Mountain
In 2002 the first specimen was discovered by two
Americans in the Blaauwberg Conservation Area
(BCA). Given the spectacular views of Table Mountain
from this locality, the animal was appropriately named
Scelotes montispectus – montispectus meaning ‘to
behold the mountain’ and Scelotes being the genus of
dwarf burrowing skinks to which this animal belongs.
The presence of this species within the BCA is of
immense conservation importance, as it is considered
to be endemic to the area. To this end the reserve
staff undertook dedicated searches when conditions
were suitable. On 12 September 2005, while on such
a search, Gavin Oliver (Field Ranger) of the BCA discovered a large burrowing reptile within the reserve.
Following his excited shouts reserve staff converged on Gavin and at first sight it was clear that this was
indeed the missing Scelotes montispectus.
CITY RELOCATES EIGHT
BONTEBOK FROM THE
HELDERBERG NATURE
RESERVE TO TYGERBERG
NATURE RESERVE
The Nature Conservation Branch captured and
transferred eight Bontebok from the Helderberg
Nature Reserve in Somerset West, to the Tygerberg
Nature Reserve on Thursday, 12 May 2005. The
transfer of the Bontebok was made possible by the
successful breeding programme at the Helderberg
Nature Reserve where the original three animals,
donated by Somchem in 1996, had increased to 22
animals.
Friends of Helderberg Nature Reserve assist with alien clearing
Harmony Flats Working Group
A TRIBUTE TO THE FRIENDS AND VOLUNTEER GROUPS
Nearly every reserve managed by the City of Cape Town has a dedicated volunteer community
group. These volunteers support the Nature Conservation Branch’s work by running
Environmental Education Programmes, clearing aliens, picking up litter, assisting with other
management tasks, and much more.
The Nature Conservation Branch would like to recognise and thank all the
volunteers for their dedication, help and support.
NATURE CONSERVATION
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
RECOGNISING A UNIQUE AND SIGNIFICANT ASSET
MANAGING THE CITY’S
T
coastalZONE
he City of Cape Town has 307 km of coastline stretching from Silwerstroom Strand in the north-west to Kogel Bay in the south-east, including two of the
largest bays in South Africa, namely Table Bay and False Bay. This coastline is arguably one of the City’s greatest economic assets and has the potential, if
protected and harnessed, to play a significant role in its economic development and prosperity.
However, the coastal resource of the City is under pressure and is faced with many challenging issues. Significant opportunity exists to initiate and implement
management interventions that will enhance, protect and optimise this resource. To this end, an integrated, holistic, centralised and citywide coastal strategy has
been adopted, implemented, resourced, championed and integrated to give additional value to national policy implementation.
The City's Coastal Zone Management Strategy, adopted in 2003, has the following vision:
To be a city that leads by example through recognising the coastal zone as a unique and significant natural asset in the City. To commit to the management of this
resource in an innovative and integrated manner that will ensure the environmentally sustainable functioning of the natural systems while optimising the economic
and social benefits.
For more information, please contact Gregg Oelofse at Environmental Planning
on 021 487 2239 or gregg.oelofse@capetown.gov.za
COASTAL
RECENT COASTAL INITIATIVES
The City of Cape Town’s Coastal Zone Management Strategy continues to be implemented through the Coastal Zone Technical
Co-ordinating Committee (CZTCC). The committee reconvened in November 2005 following organisational restructuring, and new
members of the committee attended the meeting. Some of the key coastal initiatives underway include the following:
• The continued roll-out of new, updated and consistent coastal signage. As part of this process a GIS-based database is being prepared on which all coastal
signs will be listed and mapped, facilitating the future maintenance and upgrading of the coastal signs.
• The second annual State of the Coast Report has been drafted and is currently being reviewed. Once again, each and every coastal facility, ablution block,
boardwalk, dune system and access point has been rated and scored according to a format adapted from Blue Flag SA. The summary State of the Coast
Report will be made available to the public in early 2006.
• The preparation of Coastal Zone Development Guidelines. Cape Town’s coastal zone is a sensitive environment that has already been negatively impacted
in a number of ways. In order to ensure the correct functioning of coastal processes it is necessary to guide development in the coastal zone. Coastal zone
development guidelines that will address this issue are currently being formulated.
• The CZTCC is currently developing partnership agreements with the implementing agents for National Government’s Coastcare Programme. It is hoped that
these agreements will be in place by mid January 2006. The City firmly believes that the Coastcare Programme will contribute significantly to the enhanced
management of our unique coastline.
• Upgrading of the Witsand Slipway. The City has been awarded a significant amount of funding from National Government to upgrade and improve the
Witsand Slipway. This slipway is one of the most important slipways in the City as a number of small-scale commercial and subsistence fishermen are
dependent on the slipway for access to the ocean. The planning for the upgrade is underway and an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) will be done
early in 2006. This upgrade is seen as a significant opportunity for social and economic upliftment.
COASTAL
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
PRIORITISING SHARK SAFETY
CITY OF CAPE TOWN COMMITS R400 000
A
R400 000 cheque was handed over by Councillor Carol Beerwinkel,
Mayoral Committee Member for Planning and Environment for the City
of Cape Town, to the Shark Spotting and Warning Programmes, on
29 November 2005 at Muizenberg Beach.
The Shark Spotting and Warning Programmes in Muizenberg and Fish Hoek were
initiated over a year ago by the local communities and lifesaving clubs, and have
provided an efficient, valuable and much-needed service. The R400 000 is being
used to fund and support the programmes that are in place at Muizenberg and
Fish Hoek, as well as to facilitate the establishment of similar safety programmes
at Sunrise Beach, Mnandi, Strandfontein, Monwabisi and Macassar. This funding
forms part of the City’s broader Urban Renewal Programme.
The City believes, however, that a holistic and long-term approach is needed
to address the issue of shark safety and together with a range of partners, has
become engaged in a number of initiatives.
These include the following:
• An exciting collaboration with the World Wildlife Fund
(WWF) Sanlam Marine Programme, with regard to
supporting the co-ordinated roll out of the Shark Spotting
and Warning Programmes.
• Assisting with the Department of Environmental Affairs
and Tourism’s (DEAT) shark tagging study. The information
gathered through this research will go a long way in
helping to understand shark behaviour, which, in turn,
will assist with suitable measures to improve safety on our
beaches.
• A Specialist Review, in partnership with DEAT and WWF
South Africa, to assess the current situation along Cape
Town’s coastline, with the aim of defining a long-term
approach that will ensure both the conservation of the
White Shark while lowering the risk of shark attack.
Findings of this review will be made public during the first
quarter of 2006.
• As part of a broader City partnership approach to shark
safety, signs with information on sharks – what to be aware
of and how to get help in the event of an attack – have been
erected at City beaches. These signs have been sponsored
and produced by the AfriOceans Conservation Alliance,
with assistance from the Save Our Seas Foundation.
• A shark awareness brochure, in collaboration with DEAT
and WWF South Africa.
The City, along with its partners in the Shark Working Group – DEAT, Table
Mountain National Park (TMNP), the Provincial Government of the Western
Cape, the National Sea Rescue Institute (NSRI), Iziko Museums, Lifesaving SA,
AfriOceans Conservation Alliance and WWF Sanlam Marine Programme – will
continue to monitor the situation and collect data on sightings and incidents.
Together with its partners, the City would like to caution
beachgoers on shark presence, particularly along the False
Bay coast. It is not recommended that people swim a long way
out beyond the breakers and it is suggested that people swim
and surf only during daylight hours and at beaches where
lifesaving or shark spotting programmes are in place. As a
general rule, beachgoers should at all times be vigilant and
aware, and use the ocean at their own discretion.
Councillor Beerwinkel (standing centre) hands over a R400 000 cheque to members of the
Shark Spotting Programme.
For more information, please contact Gregg Oelofse at Environmental Planning
on 021 487 2239 or gregg.oelofse@capetown.gov.za
10
COASTAL
FLYING THE BLUE FLAG
THREE CAPE TOWN BEACHES MAKE THE GRADE
The Blue Flag assures users that beaches are clean, safe and environmentally
friendly. The award also helps to educate the community about the need to care
for our coastline. Blue Flag promotes one of South Africa's national treasures,
our magnificent coast.
Beach Manager Training at the Two Oceans Aquarium.
M
nandi Beach in False Bay, Bikini Beach near Gordon’s Bay, and Clifton
4th Beach on the Atlantic Coast, have been awarded internationallyrecognised Blue Flag status for the 2005/06 year. In the case of
Mnandi and Clifton, this is for the second year running. Camps Bay, Muizenberg
and Strandfontein are in the Blue Flag pilot programme this season, preparing to
be ‘tested’ next year by a panel of local and international judges.
Internationally, the Blue Flag Campaign is owned and run
by the independent non-profit organisation, Foundation
for Environmental Education (FEE). Nationally, Blue Flag is
managed by the Wildlife and Environment Society of South
Africa (WESSA) in partnership with the Department of
Environmental Affairs and Tourism (DEAT) and participating
coastal authorities under the Coastcare initiative of DEAT.
A Blue Flag is an international annual award given to beaches that meet
excellence in the areas of safety, amenities, cleanliness and environmental
standards. The Flag is awarded, on a yearly basis, to beaches that comply with
Blue Flag criteria that cover four aspects of coastal management:
•
•
•
•
Water quality;
Environmental education and information;
Environmental management; and
Safety and services.
One of the strategic objectives of the City of Cape Town’s Coastal Zone
Management Strategy is working towards achieving Blue Flag Status at
appropriate beaches in Cape Town. To assist Blue Flag Beaches with meeting
the Blue Flag criteria in terms of EE and information, the City’s Environmental
Planning Department has put together an Environmental Education (EE)
programme.
The programme involves working with a number of partners and covers a range
of initiatives. For example, during Marine Week in October 2005, local schools
were invited to attend Marine and Coastal Awareness Programme’s at the City’s
Blue Flag and Pilot Blue Flag Beaches. In early November, Beach Managers
attended a week-long Marine and Coastal Awareness Training Programme at
the Two Oceans Aquarium.
Jungle Theatre Company enthralled learners and educators from Salt River Muslim Primary
School with their play ‘Whale Watchers’, performed as part of the Blue Flag Marine Week
activities at Camps Bay.
For more information, please contact Joe Esau at Sport & Recreation
on 021 465 2029 or joe.esau@capetown.gov.za
COASTAL
11
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
GOING GREEN
GREENING THE ICLEI WORLD CONGRESS 2006
C
ape Town is a sought after tourism
destination and with the establishment of
the International Convention Centre, even
more conferences and events are being hosted. It is
generally agreed that these events have a positive
financial impact on the City, but what is the real
environmental and social impact? In reality, people
attending such events drink our water, fill our
landfill sites and pollute our air, which all places a
greater demand on our natural resources.
The objective of greening the ICLEI World
Congress 2006 is to ensure that the organisation
and management of the Congress is planned and
undertaken in such a way that it demonstrates best
environmental practice, and makes a significant
contribution to enabling sustainable development
and local community benefits in Cape Town. It is
hoped that through the greening process, negative
environmental and social impacts will be minimised,
that there will be an increased awareness regarding
Event greening addresses these issues by promoting
an event which is environmentally friendly, socially
acceptable and economically viable. In other words,
event greening contributes to the maintenance
of a healthy environment capable of meeting
resource demands in the future, and it has the
potential to reduce the negative impacts that the
event has on the host region. It is crucial that event
greening involves the incorporation of sustainable
development principles into all levels of event
organisation and implementation.
the importance of sustainable development in Cape
Town and that a positive legacy will be left behind.
The project will seek specifically to promote best
practices that are also financially advantageous to
local industries.
To demonstrate South Africa’s practical commitment
to sustainable development and to leaving a positive
legacy, the City of Cape Town intends to continue
to support the initiatives established during the
ICLEI World Congress 2006. For the greening of an
event to leave a successful legacy, for biodiversity
to be maintained, for poverty to be alleviated, it
is important that greening be seen as a long-term
process, entailing the cooperation of all sectors
and industries, with a common vision of social,
environmental and economic sustainability.
A Hotel Greening Programme is also being
The ICLEI World Congress being hosted in Cape
Town in February/March 2006 will strive to be
a green event. The following issues have been
identified as priority areas:
• Interventions
• Waste Avoidance and Minimisation
• Water Conservation
• Energy Efficiency
• Transport
• Sustainable Procurement
• Cleaner Technologies
• Climate Change
• Training and Awareness Raising
undertaken in support of the greening of the ICLEI
World Congress 2006 and aims to guide hotels with
regard to implementation of cleaner development
mechanisms within the hospitality industry. The
participating hotels have all taken part in an audit
with regard to the waste, water and energy being
used or generated at their premises. These audits
have been assessed in a cost-benefit analysis,
which provides the hotels with a tool for making
Transport and Waste - two of the interventions receiving
attention.
environmentally and financially sound decisions
within their establishments. The programme also
assists the hotels with the implementation and
monitoring of the proposed greening interventions.
For more information, please contact Grace Stead at Environmental Planning on 021 487 2186
or grace.stead@capetown.gov.za
12
EVENT GREENING
City INTERNS AND Students Excel
T
he City of Cape Town employed 13 nature
conservation students during 2005 on
12-month cooperative training contracts,
which are filled annually. These students
were placed at nine nature reserves
across the City.
and Ilke Vermeulen, both based at the Blaauwberg
Conservation Area. In addition to this, Penny won
best overall student for 2005 and best Conservation
As with conservation organisations the
world over, our biggest challenge in the
Nature Conservation Branch is a lack of
resources. These 13 individuals enabled
the City of Cape Town, with only
three permanently employed nature
conservators, to have a real presence
on the ground.
(DEAT), with funding from DANIDA, initiated a
student internship programme. Six students have
been based within the Environmental Planning
Head Office and have concentrated on
completing the City’s second State of
the Coast Report, Energy and Climate
Change Strategy and Sustainability
Report, as well as Urban Agriculture.
Four interns worked with the Nature
Conservation Branch and were
primarily involved with the provision of
environmental education at Helderberg
Nature Reserve (Luyanda Mnkwenkwe),
Tygerberg Nature Reserve (Bronwyn
Foster) and Blaauwberg Conservation
Area (Lizanne Engelbrecht), and reserve
management activities at Rondevlei
Nature Reserve (Laurentia van de
Vyver).
During the course of the year, the
students are required to compile six
reports detailing their activities. These
are then presented to a panel for
evaluation. Out of all the Cape Peninsula
Intern, Lubabalo Ntsholo, is thanked by Grace Stead (Local Agenda 21 coordinator), at an
event held at the Blaauwberg Conservation Area on 19 December 2005 to recognise the
University of Technology students
These passionate and dedicated
contributions made by interns and students to the City of Cape Town.
(working for various organisations as
people have contributed enormously
far afield as Zambia), four ‘A’ symbols
to ensuring that our natural resources
Compliance section, while Ilke and Cassandra won
were awarded. Of these, three went to City of
within Cape Town are properly managed. We are
prizes for the best Resource Management projects.
Cape Town students! The three cum laude students
confident that they will achieve great success in their
were Cassandra Sheasby, based at Rietvlei and
chosen careers and thank them for their meaningful
The City of Cape Town, in conjunction with the
Zoarvlei Wetland Reserves, and Penny Murdock
contributions to the City of Cape Town.
Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism
PROVINCIAL
POLICY
DOCUMENTS
AIM TO CURB UNSUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
T
he Department of Environmental Affairs and Development Planning
(DEA&DP) of the Provincial Government have been assigned the important
task of preparing a Western Cape Provincial Spatial Development Framework,
or WC: PSDF, as one of the lead strategies of the Provincial iKapa Elihlumayo.
In so doing, the need for detailed guidelines for certain types of proposed
developments became clear and, after extensive studies and consultation, four
policy documents were approved in December 2005 by the provincial Cabinet.
policies and guidelines, building on the experience gained in previous Urban
Edge studies and planning policies developed for the City area. Whilst these
new provincial policies and guidelines do not replace existing legislation or legal
procedures, there is an obligation for applicants and decision-makers to take
them into account when preparing and deciding on applications respectively.
Definitive or ‘prescriptive’ language has been used in the guidelines in order
to promote certainty, predictability and consistency, avoiding vagueness,
ambiguities and variations of interpretation. The WC: PSDF and the three
guideline documents published so far therefore provide a valuable set of tools
which will underpin the promotion of development that is both sustainable and
equitable, or ‘development that is both green and black’ – environmentally
sustainable and empowering to disadvantaged communities.
The four policy documents are:
• The WC: PSDF;
• Provincial Urban Edge Guidelines;
• Guidelines for Resort Developments; and
• Guidelines for Golf Courses, Golf Estates, Polo Fields
and Polo Estates.
The City Of Cape Town played an important role in contributing to these
ENVIRO NEWS
13
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
THE CITY OF CAPE TOWN
ENERGY AND CLIMATE
CHANGE STRATEGY
E
nergy supply and consumption play a key role in economic growth and
development, as well as welfare promotion. However, in South Africa our major
source of energy is fossil fuel based, a source of energy which results in global
warming, the most serious environmental threat facing the world today.
The City of Cape Town has responded by becoming the first African city to prepare
an Energy and Climate Change Strategy, based on the state of energy use in the
metropolitan area. The draft strategy stems from the Integrated Metropolitan
Environmental Policy (IMEP) and sets out a vision for the delivery of more
sustainable, environmentally sound energy to the population of the metropolitan
area. This will be achieved through the promotion of sustainable development in
all core functions of the City within a framework that provides a clear vision and
direction for the City as a whole, and specifically the energy sector.
The strategy identifies five core energy sectors, i.e. transport, electricity supply,
residential, government, industrial and commercial, with specific targets for 2010,
working towards broadening the sources of energy and efficiencies in each of
these sectors. Apart from attempts at greater energy efficiency and the use of
renewable energy alternatives, the strategy will also explore measures aimed at
preparing and reducing the anticipated impacts of climate change on communities,
the natural and built environments, as well as the economy.
THE ICLEI CLIMATE LEGACY
T
he ICLEI Climate Legacy, an initiative which
follows from a local best practice started at the
2003 City Energy Strategies Conference, aims to
reduce environmental impacts of ICLEI’s events.
Each year, major environmental damage is caused
by the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions into
the atmosphere, leading to the slow increase in the
earth’s temperature, known as global warming or the
greenhouse effect. It has been estimated that the CO2
fumes resulting from air travel contribute up to 10%
to global warming. As a result, the ICLEI Executive
Committee made a decision that whenever CO2
emissions cannot be avoided for events and business
trips, compensation payments have to be made.
to participants’ average distance travelled by region.
The funding generated through the ICLEI Climate
Legacy Initiative will be used to help finance the
Kuyasa CDM Project.
For the ICLEI World Congress 2006, a carbon offset
payment of 50 Euros is included in the congress fee to
compensate for CO2 emissions from congress-related
air travel. This offset payment is calculated according
UNITED NATIONS CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE
T
he United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Montréal, Canada from 28 November to 9 December 2005, represented a significant
milestone in the history of international negotiations on climate change. There were delegates and observers from over 180 countries at the
UN meeting to discuss how they can better work together to address climate change, including the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol and future initiatives.
Representatives from the City of Cape Town attended the conference and the Kuyasa Low-Income Urban Housing Energy Upgrade Project was showcased.
14
ENERGY & CLIMATE CHANGE
LEADING THE WAY
THE KUYASA LOW-INCOME URBAN HOUSING ENERGY UPGRADE PROJECT
T
he Kuyasa Project exemplifies National
Government’s and the City of Cape
Town’s commitment to renewable energy
sources and sustainable development.
The project also contributes to human
and
institutional
capacity.
Local
plumbers, electricians and builders will
be capacitated to install these renewable
and efficient technologies. Households
themselves (mostly through women) will
be empowered by skills training around
issues of energy efficiency and the use of
renewable technologies.
The Kuyasa Low-Income Urban Housing
Energy Upgrade Project (Kuyasa Project),
a partnership between the City of Cape
Town and SouthSouthNorth, a nonprofit development organisation, focuses
on a reduction in fossil-based energy
consumption, and hence CO2 emissions,
in low-income housing units in Kuyasa,
Khayelitsha.
In October 2005, the City of Cape Town was
awarded a significant international tender
by the United Kingdom’s Department of
Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. In
terms of this tender, some of the carbon
emissions of the UK’s 2005 G8 Presidency
will be offset against reduced emissions
from the Kuyasa Project.
The pilot phase began in 2002, with the
retrofitting of ten houses (whose owners
were chosen by the community) with
solar water heaters, ceiling insulation and
compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs).
This initial phase aimed to demonstrate
how CO2 emissions and other greenhouse
gases could be reduced through combining
various energy efficient technologies.
Recognising the principle of ‘differentiated
responsibilities’ of countries, it must be
emphasised that climate change activities
in developing countries do hold the
potential to alleviate poverty, to deliver on
development ideals and to forge a cleaner
and more sustainable development path
for South Africa.
The Kuyasa Project has received
international recognition, being the
first registered Clean Development Mechanism
(CDM) project on the African continent. It has
also won numerous awards and is the first CDM
project worldwide to receive the Gold Standard
accreditation for its significant contribution to
sustainable development.
The next phase of the Kuyasa Project will lead to it
becoming a full-scale CDM project and will involve
retrofitting a total of 2 309 houses in Kuyasa with
the same technologies and provision of relevant
community training and education.
During his keynote speech at the 2005 United
Nations Climate Change Conference, Marthinus van
Schalkwyk, South African Minister of Environmental
Affairs & Tourism, referred to the Kuyasa Project:
‘We believe that this project demonstrates the
potential for CDM projects to promote local
sustainable development whilst at the same time
reducing greenhouse gas emissions.’
Apart from the reduction in greenhouse gas
emissions, additional envisaged benefits include a
reduction in household dust due to the insulated
ceiling, as well as an improvement in the ambient
temperature of the house, thereby reducing the
need for paraffin stoves and other heat sources
which hold fire-related dangers and negative
respiratory health impacts.
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one
of the flexible mechanisms of the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change’s Kyoto
Protocol, which allows for developing countries to
promote sustainable development, while assisting
industrialised nations in meeting their emissions
reduction targets through emissions trading. The
South African Designated National Authority
(DNA), which assesses whether CDM project
activities contribute to the country’s sustainable
development objectives, regulates CDM activities
and promotes the host country to attract investors
and project developers, falls within the Department
of Minerals and Energy (DME).
For more information, please contact Shirene Rosenberg
at Environmental Planning on 021 487 2124 or shirene.rosenberg@capetown.gov.za
ENERGY & CLIMATE CHANGE
15
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
CELEBRATING A SUCCESSFUL PARTNERSHIP
AACHEN AFRICA LA21 SPRING FESTIVAL
A
partnership between Cape Town and Aachen,
Germany, was established in 2000 and is
currently celebrating its fifth anniversary. To
recognise this important milestone, the Aachen
African LA21 Summer Festival was held in Aachen
in May 2005, while in October 2005, the Festival
was celebrated in Cape Town, with various
communities showcasing their Local Agenda 21
(LA21) projects.
The festival focused on projects and
partners that have been involved in the
partnership and included the following
events:
Open day at Manyanani Peace Park in
Khayelitsha celebrating the ten-year anniversary
of the park. The keynote address was made by
Alderman Clifford Sitonga, patron of the Peace
Park and the Executive Councillor for Economic
Development. He addressed issues of sustainability,
with the Peace Park as a leading example, and
urged the community to work together towards a
better future. To provide cultural flair, some local
artists gave a dancing performance and Mnandi
Beading exhibited some of their works. An exciting
mini football tournament was held between teams
from Khayelitsha and Imizamo Yethu from Hout
Bay.
The West Coast Environmental Co-operative
(WCEC) was recently established to assist
the community of Atlantis around issues of
environmentally-related job creation and tourism.
The co-operative has raised funds for the upgrade
of a building where they have established their
offices. An open day was held to share with others
what they are doing at the WCEC. Various activities
were organised and locals exhibited and sold their
handicrafts. There were also exhibitions about
saving water, the Eco-Schools Programme, Local
Agenda 21 and the natural environment around
Atlantis.
The third open day was at Imizamo Yethu in
Hout Bay at the Ukujika Park (Ukujika means ‘turn
16
around’). The open day included football,
with teams from Khayelitsha and Hout
Bay (under 13s), as well as netball and
boxing. Bicycle Empowerment Network
(BEN) gave talks on repairing bicycles
and promoted non-motorised transport.
BEN also had a lucky draw and gave
away three bicycles to the youth that had
participated in the project. Youth from the
Zikeleza Dance Project also entertained
the crowd and the young Sparks, who had
gone to a lot of trouble assisting with the
preparation of the park, arranged a tree
planting ceremony.
T
he ‘Swap Shop Caravan’ is parked at
Imizamo Yethu once a week and also
came to join in the fun. Kids were encouraged to
collect any waste which they could, then exchange
it for lunch tickets. Any recycled items, such as
glass, could also be handed in and it was weighed
and the kids given a token according to the weight.
Tokens can be exchanged for items such as pencils,
books and toys. This project currently provides jobs
for ten people.
Our fourth and final open day was in Manenberg
and the aim was to introduce and promote the
services of Manenberg Civil Society Organisations
to the residents of Manenberg and visitors. The
areas in which these organisations work, range from
gender, mental health, environmental education,
job creation, skills training to sport and more.
The day started with a march through the
community to encourage people to join in the fun
at the Manenberg People’s Centre. There were a
variety of stalls and exhibitions, with food, crafts,
music and face painting. At the Swakop Community
Centre there were different exhibitions by Child
Welfare, Telefriend, as well as the Edith Stephens
Nature Reserve.
A
Mural Global project was also implemented
in Khayelitsha as part of the festival, with
two artists from Cape Town and two artists from
LOCAL AGENDA 21
Aachen working on a 287-metre wall
painting. In addition to this, the artists
also held a SWAP workshop with
youth from Khayelitsha and Mitchells
Plain where they were encouraged to
share their cultures and stories. These
paintings were exhibited at the launch
of the mural painting in Khayelitsha.
Other events included participation in
the Car Free Day on Klipfontein Road;
the launch of the Philippi Agri Business
Centre; Zenzeli Bauwagen workshop
for teachers; VUFA at the Natural
and Organic Expo at the Cape Town
International Convention Centre (CTICC)
and the LA21 Civil Society Forum Event at the Civic
Centre. Another highlight of the festival was the
Freshlyground Concert at the Manyanani Peace
Park, which was attended by over 1 500 people.
For more information, please contact Grace Stead
at Environmental Planning on 021 487 2124 or
grace.stead@capetown.gov.za or visit our website
on www.aachen-kapstadt.de
Agenda 21 is a document developed at
the 1992 United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development, called the Rio
Earth Summit. It is a global plan of action to
stop environmental degradation and promote
equitable development.
Local Agenda 21
has been defined as a
participatory multi-sectoral
process to achieve the
goals of Agenda 21 at
the local level, through
the preparation and
implementation of a longterm strategic action plan
that addresses priority local
sustainable development
concerns.
THE ‘FRIENDLY’ ALTERNATIVE
FAIR TRADE
During spring 2005, three German interns worked with the City of Cape Town for three months promoting
Fair Trade – an alternative trading concept. Fair Trade helps underprivileged producers to receive a fair price
for their work if they act in an environmentally friendly manner.
Fair Trade was started in the 1960s by European consumers who were concerned about the conditions
under which goods were produced. Today Fair Trade is a movement with more than five million beneficiaries
worldwide, according to IFTA (International Fair Trade Association). In South Africa, it embraces three main
areas: Agriculture, Craft and Tourism.
In the private sector, the Fair Trade movement is spearheaded by Fair Trade South Africa (FTSA), Environmental
Monitoring Group (EMG), Association for Fairness in Trade (AFIT), Fair Trade in Craft South Africa (FACSA)
and Fair Trade in Tourism South Africa (FTTSA). Together with these organisations and Wesgro, the interns
prepared three workshops, created resource materials and informed producers in the Eastern, Western and
Northern Cape Provinces about Fair Trade.
South African Fair Trade exports started in 1995. With the movement gaining momentum, Fair Trade-labelled
goods will soon also be available on South African shelves. To promote fair tourism, FTSA has certified
fourteen enterprises, including Imvubu Tours at the City’s Rondevlei Nature Reserve, with their trademark.
Without caring for the environment, no action is sustainable. That is why Fair Trade accentuates safety and
health for both workers and the environment. In order to comply with Fair Trade standards, producers have
to, for example, minimise the use of conventional fertilisers and pesticides, replacing them with organic
fertilisers and biological disease control.
The City of Cape Town supports Fair Trade. According to Grace Stead, Local Agenda 21 coordinator: ‘For
us, Fair Trade is an excellent way to promote sustainable development, because it makes the peoples’
lives better through their own hands’ work and has a long lasting impact. Fair Trade helps everybody
because it does not focus on one specific marginalised group. It is encouraging to see different people and
organisations linking up by creating successful local and international partnerships through Fair Trade.’
For more information, please contact
Grace Stead at Environmental Planning on
021 487 2124 or grace.stead@capetown.gov.za
LOCAL AGENDA 21
17
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
SERIOUS ABOUT SUSTAINABILITY
CITY OF CAPE TOWN PORTFOLIO OF SUSTAINABILITY BEST PRACTICE
F
and external stakeholders of project sustainability areas of strength and
also those aspects which have been less than satisfactory and which can
be strengthened ahead of next year’s report. Another outcome could be the
promotion of potential partnerships around specific projects.
The outcome of this process will be an enhanced awareness by City managers
The TSOGA Samora Machel Environmental Resource Centre
was one of the projects subjected to this assessment. It is an example of a
project which met and excelled in most of the sustainability criteria.
ollowing in the footsteps of eThekwini, who pioneered a Portfolio of
Sustainability Best Practice for Durban, the City of Cape Town has
embarked on a process to develop a similar product. In an initial pilot
phase, it has subjected 22 of its projects to a rigorous assessment by an
independent panel of eminent persons against 28 criteria embracing the four
facets (economic, social, economic and governance) of sustainability.
4
3
2
1
0
Percentage sustainability: 71%
Opening of the food garden
From right to left: Thembekile Joseph Ndiki, Chairperson of the Tsoga:Langa Board, Cllr Wandile Nkwelele and MEC Tasneem Essop,
Minister of Environmental Affairs and Development Planning, with members of the Project Steering Committee in Samora Machel.
18
SERIOUS ABOUT SUSTAINABILITY
Project title:
Location:
Budget:
Time frame:
Partners:
Project
description:
TSOGA Samora Machel Environmental Resource Centre
Samora Machel, Philippi
R2 636 100
Construction: January 2006 – September 2006
City of Cape Town, Provincial Government of the Western Cape & TSOGA, a community-based environmental
organisation.
The project entails the construction of a new Environmental Resource Centre for the operation of activities of
‘TSOGA’ – a community-based environmental organisation, first established in Langa on the Cape Flats in 1994,
and now similarly being initiated in Samora Machel by volunteers in the community who have relocated to this
area.
The following activities are envisaged to form part of the operation of the Centre:
• waste recycling and management programmes, and initiatives;
• community outreach and education on environmental issues in support of human and environmental health;
and
• an organic food garden, nursery and nutrition system to aid poverty alleviation.
The building is seen as a local sustainability catalyst and is designed to demonstrate principles of sustainable
practice and construction through the use of recycled materials, and materials that can be grown and harvested at
a local level. This will, in effect, increase the access to key resources by householders in growing their own housing.
Also unique to the project is the design of low energy and passive solar design systems through use of sustainable
materials and construction.
From a community involvement and environmental education point of view, the project has the potential to be
linked with other educational initiatives such as the 21 Households Project and Energy and Water Use Mapping
Exercises, linked with school or youth programmes. The involvement of TSOGA ensures the ongoing monitoring of
the success of new and appropriate technologies being used.
Results
achieved:
A public square and forecourt to the building has been implemented as part of the ‘Uluntu Plaza Dignified Places
Programme’ which seeks to invest in and develop the public realm in disadvantaged and neglected parts of the City.
A food garden and nursery site has been established and is now fully functional and supporting the food needs of
50 families. The group were sent on a training programme on how to set up their own organic vegetable garden.
Recently the project planning and design phase has been awarded the Bronze Award in the Holcim Africa Middle
East Sustainable Construction Awards. The project will now qualify for the Global Awards round.
For more information on the TSOGA Samora Machel Environmental Resource Centre,
please contact Sopna Nair at City Spatial Development on 021 400 4581
or sopna.nair@capetown.gov.za
SERIOUS ABOUT SUSTAINABILITY
19
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
THINKING BIG
CITY OF CAPE TOWN YOUTH ENVIRONMENTAL SCHOOL 2006
T
he City of Cape Town’s celebration of World Environment Week,
the popular Youth Environmental School (YES) Programme, will run from
5 to 9 June 2006 at about 70 satellite venues across the City.
This will be the 8th YES programme to be hosted by the City and the theme
for 2006 is Local Solutions for Global Challenges. Our agenda is to give a
human face to environmental issues; empower people to become active agents
of sustainable and equitable development; promote an understanding that
communities are pivotal to changing attitudes towards environmental issues;
and advocate partnerships that will ensure all nations and peoples enjoy a safer
and more prosperous future.
More that 20 000 learners participated in the YES 2005 programme and close
to 30 000 learners are expected to participate this year. This makes YES the
largest single environmental education event in the country.
To ensure that all schools have an equal opportunity to participate – especially
previously marginalised schools – at least one bus per school will be available
free of charge to transport learners.
The YES programme provides an excellent example of the implementation of the
Strategy on Environmental Education and Training, one of the implementation
strategies of the City of Cape Town’s Integrated Metropolitan Environmental
Policy (IMEP).
For more information, please contact
Elvirena Coetzee at Environmental Planning on
021 487 2829 or elvirena.coetzee@capetown.gov.za
20
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
FLYING THE GREEN FLAG
ECO-SCHOOLS IN
CAPE TOWN
I
n 2005, the City of Cape Town funded EcoSchools nodes (groups of schools with a local
co-ordinator and Eco-Schools supporter) in
Atlantis, Gugulethu, Khayelitsha, Mitchells
Plain and Manenberg. The City is proud to be
associated with such an innovative programme
and we are very pleased to announce that twelve
schools within the City-funded nodes were
successful in attaining their Green Flag. Many of
the schools who did not receive flags this year show
great promise for receiving their flags next year
with ongoing work.
The Eco-Schools Programme, an international environmental education programme, was launched in
South Africa in 2003. The programme is co-ordinated nationally by the Wildlife & Environment Society
of South Africa (WESSA), supported by WWF-SA, developed in partnership with the Department of
Education and funded by Nampak. Other sponsors in the Western Cape include The Pallet Supply
Company and Dr Edwin Hertzog.
For more information on the
Eco-Schools Programme, visit
www.eco-schools.org
LINDIE BUIRSKI WINS
CITY KEEPS ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION ‘ON TRACK’
R100 000 SPONSORSHIP FOR EDUTRAIN
O
ver 16 000 children will benefit from a
R100 000 grant from the City of Cape Town for
the Metrorail Edutrain. The Edutrain is an initiative,
established by Metrorail in 1999, to create a
classroom on wheels in order to expose children
to places beyond their normal reach. The brightly
coloured and well-equipped ‘classroom’, fondly
called Themba (trust and hope in Xhosa) travels
between Cape Town, Newlands, Muizenberg,
Simon’s Town and the Cape Winelands.
Mayoral Committee Member for Planning and
Environment, Councillor Carol Beerwinkel, handed
over the cheque to Metrorail Regional Manager,
André Harrison, on Friday, 4 November 2005 on
Platform 21 of the Cape Town Station. In celebration
of the grant, the City and Metrorail also arranged
a trip for 50 Eco-Schools learners from Manenberg
on the Edutrain. The programme included a play,
focusing on the unique environment of Cape Town,
performed by Jungle Theatre.
This is the seventh consecutive year of sponsorship
by the City of Cape Town and the grant will be
used for environmental education programmes on
the train.
ENVIRONMENTAL AWARD FOR
‘EDUCATION AND RAISING OF
PUBLIC AWARENESS’
L
indie Buirski from the City’s Environmental
Planning Department was honoured at the
prestigious Cape Times Caltex Environmental
Awards held in November 2005, where she received
one of the top three awards. Lindie is responsible
for the City’s Environmental Education and Training
Strategy and through her work, she reaches
at least 50 000 children and adults annually. She is the driving force behind the successful
week-long Youth Environmental School (YES), the
valuable Environmental Resource Directory, as well
as numerous environmental education and training
programmes and publications. ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
21
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
MINIMISING WASTE
AND MAXIMISING
RECYCLING
THE CITY OF CAPE TOWN
WASTE WISE CAMPAIGN
C
ities around the world are experiencing steady increases in the amount
of waste and refuse to be disposed of. Landfill sites are filling up fast.
New ones are costly to develop and have to be sited further out of town,
increasing costs.
Cape Town is no different, and one of the ways it is addressing this challenge is with
its ongoing ‘Waste Wise’ public education and awareness campaign. Implemented
together with specialist consultants, the campaign is aimed at assisting residents
and businesses reduce, reuse and recycle their waste, get litter into street bins and
stop illegal dumping.
Many residents, community groups, schools and businesses are already leading
the way in helping to clean and green their areas, and recycle waste materials.
Waste Wise assists these initiatives with hardware, tools, and materials. Training
on composting, food gardens, recycling and other activities is provided, as are
community workshops on how to reduce waste and put it to good use.
In addition, Waste Wise activities include support for businesses, in the form of
advice and assistance regarding establishing waste minimisation clubs in industrial
and commercial areas. Institutions (including hospitals and hotels), and special
events such as sports events, fairs and conventions are guided in the setting up of
waste minimisation and recycling systems.
The City provides many collection, drop-off and cleansing services to the various
suburbs. But it’s up to residents and businesses to co-operate in keeping this
beautiful City clean, green and healthy. This is what Waste Wise encourages. In
addition, a cleaner city builds pride, a sense of responsibility and joint ownership for
neighbourhoods and communities.
A ‘Cleaner Cape Town Challenge’ competition is being run to encourage citizens and
organisations to be wise about waste. Aimed at publicly recognising achievements
in a variety of categories, it culminates in awards presented to winning entrants
during a Cleaner Cape Town Conference to be held in June.
The current phase of the Waste Wise campaign runs from 1 August 2005 until
June 2006. It focuses mainly on the Khayelitsha and Mitchells Plain suburbs created
during the apartheid era, as well as on Athlone and Woodstock, which are mixed
residential and business areas.
This conference will bring together interest groups, stakeholders and specialists from
communities, business, industry and government for presentations and roundtables
to share experiences and best practice. The conference also wraps up the current
phase of Cape Town’s Waste Wise campaign.
One component of the campaign is made up of community public education which
includes workshops, door-to-door campaigns and school education initiatives.
An important message is to support recycling schemes in schools, and especially
emerging entrepreneurs. Bags of compost are also exchanged free for bags of
collected street litter.
For more information, please contact
Hugh Tyrrell on 021 448 8123 or tyrrell@iafrica.com
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WASTE WISE CAMPAIGN
SAVING WATER IS A WAY OF LIFE
WATER RESTRICTIONS IN THE CITY OF CAPE TOWN
T
he Western Cape is a water scarce area and
the low summer rainfall means that sufficient
storage has to be provided to store surplus
winter water to supply the consumers of Cape Town
with water during the dry summer months.
users from the Western Cape Water System, as it
was anticipated that the volume of water in the
major dams supplying the Cape Metropolitan Area
would fall between 54% and 69% by the end of
October 2004.
Cape Town has a history of water
shortages. In the days of the Dutch
East India Company, water was
initially obtained from mountain
streams to chandler the ships on the
way to and from the Far East. Rainfall
was good, but confined to the winter
months and droughts were common,
with the first recorded drought being
in the summer of 1663.
Many people felt that the 20%
restrictions should have been kept in
place. However, DWAF requested that
the restrictions be relaxed. It seemed
feasible to keep a 10% restriction in
place until the new water by law is
promulgated early in 2006.
Water resources in the Western
Cape are normally assessed at the
end of the hydrological year, after
the normal winter rainfall period
(end October) and at the onset of
the winter rainfall period (end May).
The assessment is done by means of
a sophisticated statistical computer
model, jointly set up by the City of
Cape Town and the Department of
Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF).
The model assesses the total demand
for water in the region (i.e. urban and
agriculture) over a number of years
against the expected inflow into the
various dams during drought years,
at various risks of occurrence. On the
basis of the planning model results,
an informed decision can be made
on the need for water restrictions
and the required severity thereof, in
order to avoid failure of supply for
the successive years.
DWAF informed the City of Cape Town that they
had to limit their water usage from the major dams
supplying the Cape Metropolitan Area by 20%
(over the period of a year) from 1 October 2004.
The decision to limit water supply to the City was
made by DWAF after discussions with all water
Water restrictions are now set at a 10% restriction
rate, and whilst a garden can be watered any day of
the week, the hours in which watering cannot take
place have been changed slightly (i.e. not between
10h00 and 17h00) and the hosepipe must be fitted
with a control device (automatic
shut-off nozzle, sprinkler). The other
main difference is that cars can now
be washed using a hosepipe, as long
as a control device is fitted.
The level of the dams serving
Cape Town stands at 81,3% as
of 28 November 2005. The media
campaign which started with the
20% restrictions on 1 October 2004
raised awareness amongst people as
to why the restrictions were imposed
and how each person, including
the City itself, could save water. On
1 November 2005, with the 10%
restrictions being implemented, the
campaign moved into a new phase,
focusing on behavioural changes, to
incorporate ‘Saving Water is a Way of
Life’ into every household.
On 1 January 2005, the restrictions were intensified
as the proposed targets were not being met, and
this had the desired effect. 77% of the set target of
20% was reached by October 2005, therefore the
City was able to reduce the restrictions again on
1 November 2005.
Please call the water hotline for more information on water restrictions,
exemptions, contraventions or to report bursts and leaks – 0860 10 30 54
For general queries, please e-mail watercoms@capetown.gov.za
SAVING WATER
23
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
OPEN SPACES FOR ALL
AN OPEN SPACE STRATEGY FOR THE CITY OF CAPE TOWN
C
ape Town is recognised nationally
and internationally as an area of outstanding
scenic beauty, and also as an area of worldclass biodiversity and unique conservation value.
However, these and other unique assets such
as its valuable viticultural and cultural heritage
areas, as well as vital ecological processes, are
under increasing threat from urban development.
responsible authorities. This has resulted in an
irregular, discontinuous, and sometimes haphazard
pattern of open spaces across the City, which
is in many places inequitable, ineffective and
inefficient.
Associated with urban development, the required
provision of sports facilities and other recreational
open spaces for communities across the City
has historically occurred according to a range
of standards or ratios applied by various
To address these historical and emerging open
space-related problems requires an integrated,
comprehensive, and long-term approach to open
space provision and management in the City.
To date this has not existed. The CMOSS (Cape
Metropolitan Open Space System) Strategy is a
commitment by the City of Cape Town to develop
and implement such a strategy.
24
OPEN SPACE STRATEGY
The overarching aim of the CMOSS Strategy is to
maximise the value of open space to the citizens
and visitors of Cape Town. Importantly, open
space establishes the public face of a community,
and helps to create and promote community selfesteem and identity. Open space is therefore
considered central to improving currently poor and
unattractive local community areas, particularly on
the Cape Flats.
The strategy is building upon past open space
initiatives, and most importantly the ‘Greening the
City’ initiative undertaken during the 1980s. It is
also aligning with the many existing open space-
system greenways, to road
reserves,
neighbourhood
parks and market squares,
and even to initiation sites
and private gardens. The
implication of this is that, not
only does CMOSS comprise
a wide range of open space
types, but it includes a huge
amount of open spaces that
comprise a large integrated
system.
Special places such as beaches and cultural
heritage areas, public edges such as the coastline,
and scenic routes contribute to the uniqueness and
richness of Cape Town as a place and should be
carefully conserved. The strategy also proposes
that open space should, where necessary, assist
with structuring the City. Thus, in addition to the
sea and the mountains, biodiversity areas, water
courses and resources, and agriculture, areas
should be utilised to direct urban development,
rather than the other way around.
To be effective as an open space strategy
in Cape Town today, given the many
constraints and challenges, the CMOSS
Strategy must be premised on ensuring
equity and sustainability, maximising multifunctionality, linkages and opportunity, and
Notwithstanding this, the CMOSS Strategy
focuses conceptually at the metropolitan and submetropolitan scale, which provides the framework
for local open space provision and management.
First and foremost is its recognition that ecological
processes have to be respected. The watercourses,
wetlands and vleis, as well as biodiversity integrity
are recognised as the ‘backbone’ of CMOSS and
their protection is crucial.
related initiatives. Key of these is the Biodiversity
Strategy, and specifically the Biodiversity Network
identification, where close integration and
coordination is optimal to both.
The CMOSS Strategy has as a point of departure that
CMOSS comprises all types of open space, ranging
from semi-remote mountain areas and large river
The strategy focuses secondly on ensuring the
equitable provision of the widest range possible
of quality urban open space opportunities for all
its citizens. This includes both active and passive
recreational opportunities, ranging from stadiums
and large multi-purpose urban parks at the submetropolitan scale, down to small neighbourhood
parks within close walking distance, depending on
urban density and accessibility to other open space
types. It also includes offering productive spaces
such as agriculture and market areas, gathering
places such as squares and transport interchanges,
and culturally specific areas such as cemeteries and
initiation sites.
protecting and celebrating uniqueness. It also of
necessity requires innovative and flexible open
space planning and design, engagement with
city stakeholders and communities, as well as
continuous improvement.
For more information, please contact Kier Hennessy
at City Spatial Development on 021 487 2351 or kier.hennessy@capetown.gov.za
OPEN SPACE STRATEGY
25
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
A JEWEL IN THE LANDSCAPE
THE TWO RIVERS URBAN PARK
T
he Two Rivers Urban Park is a jewel in Cape Town’s landscape to be treasured
for future generations.
The Two Rivers Urban Park Contextual Framework and Phase One Environmental
Management Plan is a product of an eight-year process of participation and
planning. The aim of the planning exercise is to provide a Development and
Environmental Framework for the Two Rivers Urban Park.
The area is rich in environmental and heritage resources and has an intriguing
history which was core to the development and identity of Cape Town. Some
of the most valuable sites include the Oude Molen Village, which has evolved
into a vibrant Eco-Village and has become part of the Trail of Two Cities, the
Raapenberg Bird Sanctuary and associated system of wetlands, the South
African Astronomical Observatory, and many more. Furthermore, the Oude
Molen Village has shown much success by receiving international funding to
install energy-saving, solar heating panels on buildings within the village.
The Urban Park will become a park with regional significance which is critical
for viable and sustainable open space provision in the City. The Plan has set
out management policies and guidelines and has made provision for the
establishment of the Two Rivers Urban Park Association which has recently been
set up. The Executive Committee of this Association is chaired by Councillor
Owen Kinahan and is representative of land owners and businesses, as well
as environmental and community groups. This Association, in partnership with
the City of Cape Town’s Environmental Management Branch (Town Planning),
is working towards an integrated management system for the Park. It is hoping
to set up valuable partnerships with developers and owners so as to ensure
sustainable development and adherence to the policies of the document and
the spirit in which it has been written.
It is for all the above reasons that it is exciting to announce that the Two
Rivers Urban Park Association is planning a launch and open day for the Park
to celebrate its establishment and to create a platform for engagement and
communication with all interested parties.
The event, to be held on Saturday, 11 March 2006 from 10:00 to 18:00, will
coincide with the Cape Town Festival and it is hoped that a range of activities,
geared towards and reflecting the vision of the Park, will take place.
For more information, please contact Mark Callaghan at Town Planning
on 021 400 2689 or mark.callaghan@capetown.gov.za
26
THE TWO RIVERS URBAN PARK
CLEARING THE AIR IN CAPE TOWN’S INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS
THE KHAYELITSHA AIR POLLUTION STRATEGY
The City of Cape Town has a vision of being ‘the city with the cleanest air in Africa’. This dream will move a step closer with
the Khayelitsha Air Pollution Strategy, a partnership between the City, the Cape Peninsula University of Technology and
the University of Cape Town. The project is funded by the Poverty Alleviation programme of the national Department of
Environmental Affairs and Tourism (DEAT).
T
he Khayelitsha Air Pollution Strategy is a pilot project to improve air
quality in informal areas of the City. It will involve a detailed survey of
households, businesses and other sources of air pollution in Khayelitsha
in order to establish an emissions database and analyse future scenarios of air
quality. Survey staff will be recruited and trained from the local community in
early 2006 and the project is expected to be completed in December 2006.
The source of these high PM10 levels is thought to be mostly from wood and tyre
burning, along with a large amount of windblown dust, due to the presence of
unpaved roads and pavements. High levels of PM10 are a concern as they have
been shown to affect people with respiratory conditions such as asthma, and
increase the incidence of hospital admissions related to breathing problems.
Increased levels of chronic bronchitis, asthma, coughing, wheezing and
shortness of breath are also caused by high levels of PM10.
The project will investigate community-based strategies to better identify the
main sources of PM10 in the area. It is planned to implement a small-scale
pilot project with community support, which would later feed into broader,
sustainable interventions to reduce the levels of PM10 in Khayelitsha.
The City of Cape Town has recently installed an air quality monitoring station in
the Site C area of Khayelitsha. This station will continue to monitor air quality
and measure the effectiveness of the selected interventions.
Through the project, the community will become aware of the health impacts of
air pollution and of ways to reduce emissions. A reduction of air pollution will
result in savings in health costs for the City. This will have particular benefits for
patients suffering from HIV/Aids and tuberculosis, and should result in fewer
sick days, and increased productivity in the work place.
The objectives of the Khayelitsha Air Pollution Strategy are to:
• Identify the main sources of PM10 in the area through conducting a survey of household fuel use, as well as surveys of business and traffic
causing poor air quality.
• Improve skills levels of the local people employed on the project, to increase their chances of finding employment.
• Educate households as to the health impacts of air pollution, and what they can do to reduce air pollution.
• Promote cleaner fuel usage.
• Identify and pilot-test ways to improve air quality in terms of both their effectiveness and acceptability to the community.
The need for this project has arisen out of air quality monitoring which shows
that the PM10 (particulate matter) concentrations in Khayelitsha frequently
exceed safety guidelines. The readings for Khayelitsha are on average 25%
higher than Goodwood and 70% higher than central Cape Town.
The project is managed by staff from the Directorate: City Health, together with
representatives of Scientific Services (Air Quality Monitoring), Environmental
Planning, Information and Knowledge Management, as well as Transport,
Roads and Stormwater. A project steering committee has been established and,
in early 2006, a Project Advisory Committee will be set up, comprising local
councillors, business and community representatives.
For more information, please contact Ed Filby at
City Health on 021 590 1419 or ed.filby@capetown.gov.za
AIR POLLUTION
27
Volume 1/06 • February 2006
CITY OF CAPE TOWN
SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2005
The City of Cape Town has made significant progress in environmental reporting
over the past few years, having produced five State of the Environment (SoE)
Reports since 1998. However, in order to report more accurately on the City’s
progress towards its goal of sustainability, a decision was made to produce a
Sustainability Report for 2005. This is in keeping with international trends and
aims to provide a more holistic picture of Cape Town, the challenges it faces and
the achievements it has made.
SPECIAL DAYS FOR 2006
21 March – Human Rights Day (SA)
22 March – World Day for Water
20-26 March – National Water Week
23 March – World Meteorological Day
7 April – World Health Day
17 April – Family Day
22 April – Earth Day
27 April – Freedom Day
1 May – Workers’ Day
1-7 May – National Bird Week
18 May – International Museum Day
22 May – International Day for Biological Diversity
5-9 June – National Environment Week
16 June – Youth Day
17 June – World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought
11 July – World Population Day
9 August – National Women’s Day
ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE
DIRECTORY FOR THE CITY OF
CAPE TOWN 2005/2006
The fourth edition of this valuable and popular biennial directory,
a partnership initiative of the City of Cape Town and the Wildlife
& Environment Society of South Africa (WESSA), is an important
networking tool. The aim of the directory is to identify the
environmental resources available in the City of Cape Town, in order
to assist individuals and organisations to initiate environmental
action.
Two new sections have been added to this edition. These include
an A-Z section of environmental consultants, products and services
(who were charged advertising fees), as well as a section entitled
Your A-Z Dictionary of Environmental Words.
The directory is available free of charge.
Please phone 021 487 2284 or e-mail
michelle.preen@capetown.gov.za
to obtain a copy.
Environmental Planning Department, City of Cape Town
Tel: +27 21 487 2284 Fax: +27 21 487 2255
E-mail: enviro@capetown.gov.za
28