LCA Group
Sean Donohoe
Marion Ore Boddy
Marketing Group
• Bidita Tithi
• Thao Ngo
• Zadheus Sadat

•Total System Cost about $6
•Usable light output equal or better than a kerosene lamp or candle
•System Life Assumed to be 2-5 years (sensitivity analysis done)
•Battery Life Assumed to be 6-12 months (sensitivity analysis done)

To compare the major environmental impacts such as CO2, fossil fuel use, as well as cost of kerosene lamps and candles with the proposed solar LED system.

GOAL
Compare Solar/LED, Kerosene, and Candles based on:
•Cost
•Embodied Energy
•Lifetime CO2
Raw Materials
Extraction
Material
Processing &
Manufacturing
Use Phase
End of Life &
Disposal

Assuming 5 year life, Battery Changed Every 12 Months

Assuming 2 year life, Battery Changed Every 12 Months

Assuming 2 year life, Battery Changed Every 12 Months
Total CO2 Generated
Total Lifetime CO2
0 10 20 30 40 50 kg CO2
60
LED Lamp Kerosene
70 80 90 100

Kerosene Assumptions Used:
•Kerosene Lamp Cost $0.10
•1L Kerosene Used Per Month @
$1.26/L
•1 Wick Used Per Month @
$0.10/Wick
LED Assumptions Used:
•LED Lamp Cost: $6
•AA Battery Changed Every 6 months @ $0.50 per battery
…Customer Break-Even Point is about 5 Months for kerosene and 17 months for candles!

To work with
Rahimafrooz to understand the market of Bangladesh for the proposed LED system and draft a plan to penetrate it.

Lighting the Way Team
Stakeholders
Rahimafrooz
Intermediaries
Beneficiaries/
Customers

Stakeholders
: Urban Areas
Lighting the Way Team
Rahimafrooz
Microfinance
Institutions,
NGOS
• RFP
• Grameen
Intermediaries
Beneficiaries/
Customers
Retail Shops
Advertising
Agencies
•Agora
•Electronics
Stores
•TV
•Newspaper
•Radio

Customers: Urban Area
Shilpi ( part-time housemaid)
• earns $60 a month
• lives in a slum area
•Uses kopi lamp for lighting
•Uses 3 liters of kerosene ($3-$4)
Hashu (roadside vendor)
• earns $75 per month
•Uses hurricane lamp for lighting
• Uses 3.5-4 liters of kerosene ($4-
$5)
Sujan (college student and parttime tutor)
•Earns $50 per month
•Uses candles when there is loadshedding
•Spends $3-$4 on candles per month

Stakeholders
: Rural Areas
NGOS
Lighting the Way Team
Microfinance
Institutions,
Community Leaders
•Religious Leaders
•Village Chief
•Teachers
Intermediaries
Rahimafrooz
Small Shops
Advertising
Agencies
• Mudir
Dokhan
•TV
•Schools
•Radio
Beneficiaries/
Customers

Customers: Rural Areas
Ismail ( farmer and fish cultivator)
• Earns $140 per month (which may increase at harvest time)
• Uses hurricane kerosene lamp
• They spends about $3-$4 on 3 liters of kerosene a month
Bokor ( day laborer)
•Rides a rickshaw-van
•Earns $40 a month.
•Uses kerosene lamp kopi (with wick)
•Spends $1-$2 dollars on 2 liters of kerosene a month
Yunus (small mudir dokhan owner)
•Earns $50 a month.
•Sells cigarettes, snacks, kerosene, soaps
•Uses hurricane kerosene lamp at work. (Spends $2 on 2 liters of kerosene a month).

Inspiring
Impressive
Brand Image
Customer Satisfaction

Visibility
• Essay contest, student discounts
Polarization - Saturated Advertising
• Rahimafrooz’s Ads through Agora network.
• Road shows, TVs, newspapers – national wide.
Accessibility
• NGOs promote in rural area.

Credibility
• Product quality, warranty programs, availability.
Cost effective
• Micro credits for low income, multiple size packages, seasonal or holiday discounts… etc.
Customer care
• Technical support, feedback forms… etc.

Pre-Sale
+ Multiple size packages
+ Extra batteries included
+ Extended warranty
Sale
+ 20% student discount
+ Mini loan for small business owner
After-Sale
+ Technical support
+ Used systems buy back

[1] Matthews Scott, Life Cycle Assessment of Solid State Lighting Applications
[2] Niels Jungbluth, Bauer Christian, Dones Roberto and Frischknecht Rolf, Life Cycle Assessment for Emergying Technologies: Case Studies for Photovoltaic and Wind
Power.
[3] Rydh Carl, Sanden Bjorn, Energy Analysis of Batteries in Photovoltaic systems. Part I: Performance and Energy Requirements.
[4] EIOLCA http://www.eiolca.net/
[5] US Department of Energy, Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Generation of Electric Power in the United States.
[6] Robert Lanza, P.E., Greenhouse Gas Experts Network http://www.ghgnetwork.org/content/discussion/discuss?mode=message_detail&id=489&msgid=1002