Lab 10
Anatomy of the Digestive System
Exercise 38
Chemical and Physical Processes of Digestion Exercise 39 A
Dissection of the Digestive Anatomy of the Cat Dissection Exercise 7
Anatomy of the Digestive System
Activity 1: Identifying Alimentary Canal Organs
Activity 2: Studying the Histological Structure of Selected Digestive
System Organs, 2 (gastroesophageal junction slide)
Activity 3: Observing the Histological Structure of the Small Intestine, 2
(use ileum slide with Peyer's Patches)
Activity 8: Examining the Histology of the Liver (use pig's liver slide)
Identify central vein and hepatocytes
Examine the slide of the pancreas and identify acinar cells.
Physical Processes of Digestion
Activity 5: Observing Movements and Sounds of Digestion 1 - 4
Dissection – Cat Digestive System.
Activity 1: Identifying Alimentary Canal Organs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8
Name ___________________________________
Pre-Lab Activity – Turn in at the beginning of lab.
1. What is the role of the digestive system? _____________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. What is mechanical digestion? _____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
List 3 examples and where they occur.
a.
b.
c.
3. What is chemical digestion ? _____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4. Where does most absorption take place? (circle one)
stomach
duodenum
ileum
large intestine
5. The ____________________ is primarily on the left side of the abdominal cavity and
is partially hidden by the diaphragm and liver.
Name____________________________
Lab Section ________________
Dissection Questions
1. Differentiate between the hepatic duct and the cystic duct. 2 points
2. Where does the bile duct enter the duodenum?
3. Differentiate between mesentery and mesocolon. 2 points
4. How does the appearance of the villi differ in the duodenum and ileum? 2 points
How does the difference relate to function?
5. Does the cat have an appendix? ________
Review Sheet
B
A
C
L
D
E
K
J
I
F
G
H
1. a. Match the labels on the figure with the terms below.
___ Anus
___ Pancreas
___ Esophagus
___ Rectum
___ Gall bladder
___ Salivary glands
___ Large intestine
___ Small intestine
___ Liver
___ Stomach
___ Mouth
___ Tongue
b. Which of the structures in this list (1 a.) are considered accessory organs?
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
B
C
A
I
D
E
H
G
F
2. Match the labels on the figure with the terms below.
___ Body
___ Muscularis externa
___ Cardia
___ Pyloric sphincter
___ Duodenum
___ Pylorus
___ Esophagus
___ Rugae
___ Fundus
3. a. What is the function of the stomach in mechanical digestion?
b. How is the muscularis externa of the stomach modified to allow it to carry out this
function?
4. a. Label the esophagus and the stomach.
Print the labels in the right margin at
the ends of the leader lines.
b. What type of epithelium lines the
esophagus?
___________________________
c. What type of epithelium lines the
stomach?
___________________________
d. How does the abrupt change in epithelium type relate to the function of each
structure?
5. Differentiate between the colon and the large intestine.
6. Indicate whether the secretion of each of the following salivary glands is mainly
serous, mainly mucous, or both.
Parotid
mainly serous
mainly mucous
both
Sublingual
mainly serous
mainly mucous
both
Submandibular
mainly serous
mainly mucous
both
A
E
D
F
B
C
7. Match the labels on the 3 figures with the terms below.
___ Capillary bed
___ Lumen
___ Circular fold
___ Microvilli
___ Lacteal
___ Villi
D
8. Absorption is one major function of the small intestine. List 4 modifications of the
structure of the small intestine that help it carry out that function.
a. __________________________________
b. __________________________________
c. __________________________________
d. __________________________________
9. What is the role of the gall bladder?
10. a. Which cells of the pancreas are endocrine gland cells? ______________________
b. What is their function?
c. Which cells of the pancreas are exocrine gland cells? ______________________
d. What is their function?
e. Draw a figure of the pancreas slide. Label islets of Langerhans and acinar cells.
Print and use a ruler.
A
E
D
C
B
10. Label from figure:
___ Central vein
___ Hepatocytes
___ Interlobular veins (to
hepatic vein)
___ Lining of sinusoids
___ Portal triad
11. Draw an example of what you observed on the liver slide. Label central vein and
hepatocytes. Print and use a ruler.
12. Record observations of tongue movement while swallowing. __________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
13. Record observations of the movement of the larynx during swallowing.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
What do these movements accomplish? ______________________________________
14. Record interval between the arrival of water at the sphincter and the opening of the
sphincter.