Name: ______________________________
Chapter 15
1. In a two-factor analysis of variance a main effect is defined as:
a. the mean differences among the levels of one factor.
the difference between the largest treatment mean and the smallest
b. treatment mean.
c. the mean difference between the two factors.
d. the mean differences among all treatment conditions.
2. The results from a two-factor analysis of variance show a significant main effect for
factor A and a significant main effect for factor B. Based on this information, you
can conclude that:
a. the interaction cannot be significant.
you cannot make any conclusion about the significance of the
b. interaction.
c. there must by a significant interaction.
d. there probably is a significant interaction.
3. A "two-factor" experimental study means that the study has:
a. an interaction between two variables.
b. two dependent variables.
c. exactly two groups of participants.
d. two independent variables.
4. For an experiment involving 2 levels of factor A and 3 levels of factor B, with a
sample of n = 10 in each treatment condition, what are the df values for the F-ratio
for factor A?
a. 2, 9
b. 1, 9
c. 2, 54
d. 1, 54
5. The results of a two-factor analysis of variance produce df = 1, 28 for the F-ratio for
factor A, df = 2, 28 for the F-ratio for factor B, and df = 2, 28 for the AxB
interaction. Based on this information, how many different treatment conditions were
compared in the study?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 6
d. 5
6. A two-factor, independent-measures research study is evaluated using an analysis of
variance. The F-ratio for factor A has df = 2, 36 and the F-ratio for factor B has df =
3, 36. Based on this information, what are the df values for the AxB interaction?
a. df = 5, 72
b. df = 5, 36
c. df = 6, 36
d. df = 6, 72
7. The analysis of variance for a two-factor experiment produces:
a. four separate F-ratios.
b. three separate F-ratios.
c. one overall F-ratio followed by a series of required post hoc tests.
d. two separate F-ratios.
8. In a two-factor analysis of variance, the F-ratios for factor A, factor B, and the AxB
interaction:
a. may have different df values and may have different denominators.
b. all have the same df values and they all have the same denominator.
c. may have different df values but they all have the same denominator.
d. all have the same df values but they may have different denominators.
9. If the results of a two-factor experiment are presented in a line graph, then an
interaction can be seen whenever:
a. the lines are parallel.
b. the lines in the graph are not straight (bent).
c. the lines move toward each other or cross.
d. there is a space separating the lines.
10. A two-factor analysis of variance produces SSA = 20, SSB = 40 and SSAxB = 90. For
this analysis, what is the value for SSbetween treatments?
a. 30
b. 150
c. Cannot be determined without additional information.
d. 60
Chapter 16
1. A negative value for a correlation indicates:
a. a much stronger relationship than if the correlation were positive.
b. a much weaker relationship than if the correlation were positive.
c. increases in X tend to be accompanied by decreases in Y.
d. increases in X tend to be accompanied by increases in Y.
2. A Pearson correlation of r = -0.85 indicates that a graph of the data would show:
a. points clustered close to a line that slopes up to the right.
b. points widely scattered around a line that slopes up to the right.
c. points widely scattered around a line that slopes down to the right.
d. points clustered close to a line that slopes down to the right.
3. Which of the following pairs of variables should produce a negative relationship?
a. Model year (2003, 2004, etc.) and price for a used Honda.
b. IQ and weight for a group of third-grade students.
c. Number of hours studying and number of errors on a math exam.
Driving distance from college and weekly cost of gas for a group of
d. commuting college students.
4. A set of n = 5 pairs of X and Y values has ∑X = 10, ∑Y = 20, and ∑XY = 60. For
this set of scores, the value of SP is U ________.
a. 60
b. -20
c. -28
d. 20
5. A set of n = 5 pairs of X and Y values has SSX = 5, SSY = 20 and SP = 8. For these
data, the Pearson correlation is ________.
a. r = 8/25 = 0.32
b. r = 8/20 = 0.40
c. r = 8/100 = 0.08
d. r = 8/10 = 0.80
6. Suppose the correlation between height and weight for adults is +0.80. What
proportion (or percent) of the variability in weight can be explained by the
relationship with height?
a. 64%
b. 40%
c. 80%
d. 100 - 80 = 20%
7. For a hypothesis test for the Pearson correlation, the null hypothesis states that:
a. there is a non-zero correlation for the general population.
b. the sample correlation is zero.
c. there is a non-zero correlation for the sample.
d. the population correlation is zero.
8. The Pearson and the Spearman correlations are both computed for the same set of
data. If the Pearson correlation is r = +1.00, then what can you conclude about the
Spearman correlation?
a. It will be positive and have a value of 1.00
b. It will be positive.
c. It will have a value of 1.00
There is no predictable relationship between the Pearson and the
d. Spearman correlations.
9. Under what circumstances should the Spearman correlation be used?
a. The researcher's primary interest is the linearity of the relationship.
b. The Pearson is too difficult to compute.
All of the other options are appropriate circumstances for the Spearman
c. correlation.
d. The original data are measured on an ordinal scale of measurement.
10. In what situations can the point-biserial correlation be used?
a. When both X and Y are dichotomous.
b. When an independent-measures t test would also be appropriate.
c. When both X and Y are ranks.
d. When a single-sample t test would also be appropriate.
Chapter 17
1. In the general linear equation, Y = bX + a, what is the value of b called?
a. Y intercept
b. slope
c. correlation between X and Y
d. X intercept
2. For the regression equation, Y = bX + a, which of the following X, Y points will be
on the regression line?
a. 0, b
b. 0, a
c. b, a
d. a, b
3. A set of X and Y scores has SSX = 10, SSY = 20, and SP = 8. What is the slope for
the regression equation?
a. 8/10
b. 8/20
c. 20/8
d. 10/8
4. A set of n = 25 pairs of scores (X and Y values) has a Pearson correlation of r = 0.60.
How much of the variance for the Y scores is predicted by the relationship with X?
a. 0.36 or 36%
b. 0.60 or 60%
c. 0.40 or 40%
d. 0.64 or 64%
5. If the correlation between X and Y is r = 0.30 and SSY = 100, then the portion of the
Y variability that is predicted by the regression equation would be:
a. SSregression = 9
b. SSregression = 70
c. SSregression = 30
d. SSregression = 81
6. For linear regression with one predictor variable, what is the value for degrees of
freedom for the unpredicted portion of the Y-score variance, MSresidual?
a. 1
b. n - 1
c. n - 2
d. 2
7. A set of n = 10 pairs of scores produces a Pearson correlation of r = 0.50 with SSY =
40. For these scores, SSregression and SSresidual would be:
a. 20 and 20, respectively.
b. impossible to determine without additional information.
c. 10 and 30, respectively.
d. 30 and 10, respectively.
8. A multiple regression equation with two predictor variables produces R2 = 0.30 and
SSY = 100. What proportion of the variability for the Y scores is predicted by the
equation?
a. 0.09
b. 0.91
c. 0.30
d. 0.70
9. The Pearson correlation between X1 and Y is r = 0.40 and SSY = 100. When a second
variable, X2, is added to the regression equation, we obtain R2 = 0.25. How much
additional variance is predicted by adding the second variable compared to using X1
alone?
a. 40 points
b. 25 points
c. 15 points
d. 9 points
10. If there is a negative correlation between X and Y then the regression equation, Y =
bX + a will have ________.
a. b < 0
b. b > 0
c. a < 0
d. a > 0
Chapter 18
1. The term observed frequency refers to:
a. the frequencies computed from the null hypothesis.
b. the frequencies that are hypothesized for the population being examined.
c. the frequencies found in the population being examined.
d. the frequencies found in the sample data.
2. The expected frequencies:
a. can contain fractions or decimal values.
b. are always whole numbers.
c. can contain fractions and negative numbers.
d. can contain both positive and negative values.
3. The chi-square distribution is:
a. negatively skewed with all values greater than or equal to zero.
b. positively skewed with all values greater than or equal to zero.
c. symmetrical with a mean equal to n - 1.
d. symmetrical with a mean of zero.
4. The term expected frequencies refers to:
a. the frequencies found in the sample data.
b. the frequencies that are found in the population being studied.
c. the frequencies computed from the null hypothesis.
d. the frequencies that are hypothesized for the population being studied.
5. What does it mean to obtain a negative value for the chi-square statistic?
The expected frequencies tend to be larger than the observed
a. frequencies.
There are large discrepancies between the observed and expected
b. frequencies for most categories.
c. The chi-square statistic can never be negative.
The observed frequencies tend to be larger than the expected
d. frequencies.
6. The chi-square test for goodness of fit evaluates:
a. None of the other options are evaluated by the chi-square test.
b. the relationship between two variables.
c. the mean differences between two or more treatments.
d. the shape or proportions for a population distribution.
7. The null hypothesis for the chi-square test for independence states that:
a. there is a relationship between the two variables.
b. both variables have the same frequency distribution.
c. the two variables have different frequency distributions.
d. there is no relationship between the two variables.
8. A chi-square test for independence has df = 2. What is the total number of categories
(cells in the matrix) that were used to classify individuals in the sample?
a. 6
b. 3
c. 2
d. 4
9. A sample of 100 people is classified by gender (male/female) and by whether or not
they are registered voters. The sample consists of 60 females, of whom 50 are
registered voters, and 40 males, of whom 25 are registered voters. If these data were
used for a chi-square test for independence, the expected frequency for registered
males would be ________.
a. 30
b. 45
c. 25
d. 15
10. Under what conditions can the phi-coefficient be used to measure effect size for a
chi-square test for independence?
a. When both variables consist of more than two categories.
b. When either of the two variables consists of more than two categories.
c. When either of the two variables consists of exactly two categories.
d. When both variables consist of exactly two categories.