2011
Federal Power
 George Washington
 Judiciary Act of 1790
 Whiskey Rebellion
 John Adams
 Alien and Sedition Acts
 Midnight Judges
 Marbury v. Madison (John Marshall)
 Thomas Jefferson
 Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions – Nullification
 Louisiana Purchase
2-Party System
 Federalists – Alexander Hamilton
 Powerful Federal government
 Loose interpretation
 Democratic-Republicans – Thomas Jefferson
 Strong state government
 Strict interpretation
 Primary debate over the national bank
 F – for it
 DR – against it
People and Society
 Extended voting right to every male – land not a
requirement (still no women and minorities)
 Expanded slavery in the south – Cotton Gin (Eli Whitney)
 Second Great Awakening – religious revival and reformers
 Dix – prisons/asylums; Mann – education; Susan B. Anthony
(Seneca Falls Convention) – Suffrage
 Temperance – banning alcohol; abolition – ending slavery
(Quakers)
 Hudson River School – Artists who specialize in landscapes
Foreign Affairs
 England
 Impressments
 Embargo Act of 1807 – America stops trading with
Europe
 War Hawks – Congressmen who want War of 1812 –
(Treaty of Ghent)
 France
 XYZ Affair
Treaties
 Pinckney’s (1795) – Treaty with Spain over border with
Florida
 Adam-Onis (1819) – Gave America Florida from Spain
 Jay’s – (1794) Gave America land in the Northwest
(Ohio) from England
 Ghent (1814) – Ended War of 1812
Spread of Slavery
 Nat Turner – Led most violent slave revolt in US history
 Missouri Compromise (1820) – Slavery allowed south of
36’30
 Compromise of 1850 – California free, fugitive slave act,
popular sovereignty
 Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) – PS in Kansas-Nebraska,
Missouri Compromise ignored
 Bleeding Kansas, John Brown, Harper’s Ferry
 Dred Scott (1857) – Slaves are property and don’t have legal
rights
 Lincoln-Douglass Debates – Over popular sovereignty
 Wilmot Proviso – Any territories gained from war with
Mexico would be closed to slavery
Civil War and Reconstruction
 Election of 1860 caused SC to secede
 North – Union, South – Confederacy
 Vicksburg – Battle that allowed the Union to capture
the Mississippi River
 Jim Crow Laws – Laws in the south designed to keep
blacks from exercising civil rights
 Poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses, segregation
 Reconstruction ended with the Compromise of 1877
Indians and the West
 Dawes Ac t- Private land for Indian families –
Americanization/Assimilation
 Homestead Act – 160 acres of free land to white
families that would farm it
 Barbed wire – closed off the West to free rangers
Imperialism
 Cuba – America wanted sugar plantations there – Platt
Amendment
 Texas – Won independence from Mexic0 – America
was hesitant to add them as a state to avoid angering
Mexico
 War with Spain – USS Maine sinks, yellow journalism
 Rough Riders – Cavalry led by Roosevelt that fought in
Cuba against Spain
Industrial Revolution
 Growth of labor – more women and children working
in factories
Gilded Age and Progressives
 Muckrakers – Journalists who exposed corruption
 Ida Tarbell – Standard Oil; Upton Sinclair – Meat
Packing (The Jungle)
 Corruption in politics (political machines/bosses) led
to the Progressive Movement
 Teddy Roosevelt – Pure Food and Drug Act
 Trust-busting – broke up trusts that were harmful to
America
1920s
 Fundamentalism – religious revivals
 Scopes Trial – Teacher told to stop teaching evolution
– challenged fundamentalism
 Sacco and Vanzetti – example of Nativism and the Red
Scare
 Over speculation – led to the stock market crash of
1929
WWI and II
 WWI –
 Avoided submarines with the Convoy System
 Ended with the Treaty of Versailles – blamed Germany
for starting the war – War Guilt Clause
 WWII
 Island Hopping – Moving from island to island in the
Pacific
 Battle of Midway – turning point in the battle of the
Pacific
Ford -> Carter -> Reagan
 University of CA v. Bakke – reverse discrimination
 Iran Hostage -Americans held hostage for more than a
year
 Energy Crisis – high fuel prices and gas lines
 Three Mile Island – Near nuclear meltdown
 Iran Contra Affair – Reagan interfered in Nicaraguan
rebellion
Eisenhower -> Kennedy -> Johnson
 Eisenhower – interstate system helped suburbs grow
 Election of 1960 – Kennedy beats Nixon; first televised
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debates
Kennedy creates Peace Corps – volunteers sent to other
countries
Sputnik – Russian satellite; led to NASA
Baby Boom -> Graying of America – Many older people
need services such as healthcare and Social Security
Housing and Urban Development – established by
Johnson
Bush -> Clinton -> Bush
 Persian Gulf War – Iraq invaded Kuwait – US backed
Kuwait
 Clinton passed NAFTA (free trade) and Brady Bill
(limit handguns)
 Bosnia  2000 election – decided by the Supreme Court
 Patriot Act – Passed after 9-11
Amendments
 13th- abolish slavery everywhere
 14th- citizenship for all born in US (including ex-slaves)
 15th – voting rights
 16th – income tax
 17th – direct election of senators
 18th – prohibition
 21st – repealed prohibition
Other Terms
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Jim Crow
Persian Gulf War – Iraq invasion of Kuwait
Clinton – NAFTA and Brady Bill
Patriot Act
Convoy System – WWI and II
Battle of Midway
Fundamentalism challenged by Scopes Trial – evolution
Housing and Urban Development – Johnson
Texas Annexation
Sputnik
“Graying of America”
Island Hopping
Treaty of Versailles
Nullification Crisis
Growth of Labor during the IR
Government corruption leads to Progressive movement
Pure Food and Drug by Teddy R.
Plessey v. Ferguson
Eisenhower’s Interstate System made suburbs grow
17th Amendment
Election of 1960
Marshall Plan
Social Darwinism
Involvement with Cuba
Other Terms 2
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Second Great Awakening: Reform Movements
Quakers: Abolitionism
Wilmot Proviso: Mexican Cesssion.
Sectionalism/Adding Territory (TX): Extension of slavery.
Reform Movements: Temperance, Abolition, etc.
Spain & USS Maine
Rough Riders
Ida Tarbell: Standard Oil
Upton Sinclair: Meatpacking (The Jungle)
T. Roosevelt: Trustbusting
Sacco & Venzetti: Nativism/Red Scare
Overspeculation: Stock Market Crash
Kennedy & Peace Corp.
Carter (Iran Hostage Crisis, Energy Crisis, Three Mile Island)
Nixon
Reagan: Iran Contra
Camp David Accords: Israel & Egypt
Bosnia & NATO
2000 Election: Supreme Court
University of CA vs Bakke: Reverse Discrimination
NAFTA: Economic policy