Eric Plunkett EDSC 307 – Online Dr. Costa Get the guided notes for this power point by clicking here: Sourced: “Immigration to the United States in 1854 and in 1907.” 2010 Cooperative Educational Service Agency 6. Retrieved on 9/11/2010 at http://www.cesa6.k12.wi.us/products_ser vices/teachingamericanhistory/WASAHM iddleCompare.cfm United States Immigration Totals Can you locate: A rise in 1878 and 1898? A decline after 1914? A big drop off after 1924? Remember the year 1924 for Immigration! Why did the immigrants come? Germany experienced wars of unification – circa 1870. Went from farming-centered to city-centered work. – Riots against Jews. This occurred not only in Russia, but Ukraine and Poland which were part of Imperial Russia. . Italian land was still mostly owned by large land lords. Short-Term laborers on these farms went to the US when Italy experienced deep debt in latter 19th century. This is a greeting card for the Jewish holiday Rosh Hashana. The people on the right are Jews who are being welcomed by Americans to the United States. Under the American Eagle are the words: “Shelter us in the shadow of Your wings” This is from the Old Testament in the Bible. Over 2 million Jews fled riots and demonstrations (called pogroms) from Russia To the United States from 1881-1924 Inside Ellis Island: 1904 Ellis Island 1905 Primary Source Investigation These are Italian immigrants arriving at Ellis Island in 1911. Star Spangled Banner – The sound of 1898 Listen to this version of John Phillip Sousa’s band playing the Star Spangled Banner in 1898. Think about the fact that this was recorded during the time immigration was peaking. How is the recording quality? We still sing this song today though it was written as a poem in the War of 1812 by Francis Scott Key. What about Asia? Immigrants from Asian countries were the first to be restricted by law. – Supported by postGold Rush California. Limited immigration from China to non-laborers. – Japanese immigration limited to students only. Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper, vol. 54 (1882 April 1), p. 96. The End to Immigration – 19171924 Immigration Act of 1917 – This was the first of many acts limiting immigration. The map shows the countries where immigration was limited by the Immigration Act of 1917. Questions: Where is this? What about China? What about Japan? The End of Immigration – 19171924 - Continued – Limited new immigrant numbers from any particular country, to 3% of the total immigrants from that country already living in the US – Used census of 1910. – Limited total immigration from any country to just 2% of the population of immigrants from that country already in the US. Used census of 1890 – Why? in Guess what countries had the biggest population of immigrants the US? England, Ireland, France, Germany. Europe Immigration # from NW Europe # from SE Europe Avg. Prior to 1921 175,000 700,000 Total Allowed after 1924 142,500 18,500 Source: Statistical Abstract of the United States (Washington, D.C. Government Printing Office, 1929), 100.