The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle Anatomy and Kinesiology 420:024 Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements Hip Joint Hip joint (femur and acetabulum of pelvis) Hip joint and pelvic girdle work together much like shoulder joint and girdle Relatively stable due to: Bony architecture Strong ligaments Large supportive muscles Pelvis moves in response to trunk and/or thigh movement Other bones to consider Tibia Fibula Patella Pelvic Girdle Pelvic girdle Pelvic bones, sacrum, coccyx Pelvic bones: Sacrum: Each pelvic bone is made up of three fused bones ilium, ischium, & pubis Right & left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by sacrum Extends from spinal column with 5 fused vertebrae Coccyx: Extends posteriorly from sacrum with 3 fused vertebrae Lateral femoral epicondyle Medial femoral epicondyle Patella Lateral tibial condyle Medial tibial condyle Head of fibula Tibial tuberosity Joints Hip joint AKA Acetabular femoral joint Diarthrodial multiaxial ball and socket Movements Planes and axes Joints Pubic symphisis Amphiarthrodial cartilagenous joint Slightly moveable Joints Sacroiliac joints Diarthrodial gliding joints Slightly moveable Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements Muscles Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Medial: Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus Femoris Tensor Fasciae Latae Muscles Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Medial: Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus Gluteus Maximus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Six Deep External Rotators Muscles Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Medial: Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Muscles Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Medial: Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Gracilis Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements Movements Flexion Movement of femur straight anteriorly Extension Movement of femur straight posteriorly Movements Abduction Movement of femur laterally to side away from midline Adduction Movement of femur medially toward midline Movements Horizontal adduction Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane toward the midline Horizontal abduction Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane away from the midline Movements External rotation Movement of femur laterally around its long axis away from midline Internal rotation Movement of femur medially around its long axis toward midline Movements Diagonal abduction Movement of femur in a diagonal plane away from midline of body Diagonal adduction Movement of femur in a diagonal plane toward midline of body Movements Anterior pelvic tilt Anterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane Posterior pelvic tilt Posterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts backward in a sagittal plane Movements Left lateral pelvic tilt Left pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to right pelvis in frontal plane Right lateral pelvic tilt Right pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to left pelvis in frontal plane Movements Left transverse pelvic tilt Left pelvis moves posteriorly in relation to the right in transverse plane Right transverse pelvic tilt Right pelvis moves posteriorly in relation to the left in transverse plane LINE OF PULL FLEXION Superior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane FLEXION FLEXION Iliopsoas Rectus femoris Sartorius Tensor fasciae latae Pectineus EXTENSION Inferior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane EXTENSION EXTENSION Gluteus maximus Hamstrings Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus ABDUCTION Superolateral movement of the femur in the frontal plane Gluteus minimus ABDUCTION ABDUCTION Tensor fasciae latae Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus ADDUCTION Inferomedial movement of the femur in the frontal plane ADDUCTION ADDUCTION Gracilis Adductor magnus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Pectineus HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION Movement of the femur away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane Muscles Abductors HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION Movement of the femur towards the midline in the transverse plane Muscles Adductors INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION Movement of the femur towards/away the midline in the transverse plane along its long axis