Propositum: DWBAT complete a section of an prior NLE exam in order to
prepare for the upcoming NLE
2/3/15
Facite Nunc:
1. Take a 2 National Latin Exams (2011 and 2012)
from the front of the room and write your name
at the top
2. Take out a piece of looseleaf to take notes
1. Turn to side 2 of the 2011 NLE and begin to
answer questions 30-40
PENSUM # 66
Complete the 2011 NLE exam
The National Latin Exam
• What is it?
– An 40 question multiple choice test that questions
students on their knowledge of Latin grammar,
translation, as well as Roman history, culture,
mythology and literature
• Who takes it?
– 154,000+ Latin students of all ages, levels and
abilities in all 50 states and 16 countries around
the world
The National Latin Exam
• What kinds of questions can I expect to see?
– There are 5 levels of the exam. You will be taking the
Latin 1 level. You can expect to see questions about
grammar, vocabulary, mythology, English
sayings/phrases taken from Latin, Latin cultural
terminology, culture, and geography
• Should I be worried…this is an “exam”, right?
– Not at all!!! Your score on the NLE will NOT affect your
grade in any way and no one will know about it
besides your magister/ra
The National Latin Exam
• So nothing happens if I don’t do well. But
what if I do?
– If you score above the national average (usually a
score of 27/40) you will receive a certificate or a
medal, depending on how well you do. This is a
great thing to put on your resume or college
application!
– If you receive a perfect score this year and do well
in the years to come, you will be eligible for
scholarships for college and prizes.
The National Latin Exam
• Should I study for it?
– That’s up to you- because our curriculum is
aligned to IB, and not strictly to the syllabi given
by the NLE, there will be questions you won’t
know the answers to. The best way to study is to
take old exams (all free, with answer keys) on
www.nle.org
National Latin Exam- 2011
• GROUP WORK
– Look at questions 30-40
• Which questions can you answer WITHOUT looking back to
the text?
• Which questions do you NEED to look back at the text to
answer?
• How much of the text do you actually need to translate in
order to answer these questions correctly?
• Are there any questions you feel like you CAN’T answer?
– If you finish early, work on questions 1-29
New Topics for the NLE
•
•
•
•
•
Question words
Negative commands
Roman numerals
Geography
Numbers in Latin
Negative Commands
• Nōlīte + (infinitive) = Don’t ______!
– Ex. Nolīte currere! Don’t run!
• Nōlī + (infinitive) = Don’t _______!
– Ex. Nolī currere! Don’t run!
• What is the difference between using ‘nolīte’
and ‘nolī’?
– Nolīte is when when commanding more than one
person, nolī is used when commanding one
person
NLE 2011
• 6. Ambulāte cum mātre ad tabernam; nōlīte
currere.
– A) will run
– B) to run
– C) are running
– D) do not run
Question Words
• Num…? = asks a question which expects a ‘no’ answer
– Num amicum meum vīdistī?
• You didn’t see my friend, did you?
• Surely you didn’t see my friend?
• Nōnne…? = asks a question which expects a ‘yes’
answer
– Nōnne amicum meum vīdistī?
• You saw my friend, didn’t you?
• Surely you saw my friend?
• (verb)-ne…? = asks a question which expects a yes or
no answer
– Amicum meum vīdistine?
• Did you see my friend?
NLE 2011
• 8. Vidēbitisne multōs senātōrēs in Circō
Maximō?
– A) Will you see…?
– B) Do you see…?
– C) Were you seeing…?
– D) Did you see…?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Roman Numerals
I=1
V=5
X = 10
L = 50
C = 100
D = 500
M = 1000
I Value Xylophones Like Cows Do Milk
Roman numerals go in descending order
– MDCLXVI = 1,666
• If a smaller valued numeral comes after a larger valued one, add
them together
– MD = 1000 500 = 1000 + 500 = 1500
• If a smaller valued numeral comes before a larger valued one,
subtract
– IX = 1 10 = 10 – 1 = 9
• If a smaller valued numeral comes in between two larger ones,
subtract from the right and then add with the left
– MCM = 1000 + (1000 -100) = 1000 + 900 = 1900
NLE 2011
19. The Roman Republic began in 509 B.C. What
is 509 in Roman numerals?
A) LIX
B) LXI
C) DIX
D) DXI
NLE 2012
18. The Roman numeral LIX represent the
number
A) 29
B) 59
C) 69
D) 109
Geography
• Seas
– Tyrrhenian (west)
– Adriatic (east)
– Mediterranean
(south)
• Rivers
– Tiber
– Po
– Rubicon
• Mountains
– Apennines
PRACTICE
• If you were traveling from Italy to Troy, what
sea would you cross to get there?
– Mediterranean sea
– Adriatic sea
– Caspian sea
– Tyrrhenian sea
NLE 2011
• 22. What mountain range is commonly known
as the “spine” of Italy because it runs down
the center of the mainland?
– A) Pyrenees
– B) Caucasus
– C) Atlas
– D) Apennines
Numbers in Latin
NLE 2012
• 15. Quot pedēs habet equus?
– A) duo
– B) trēs
– C) quattuor
– D) octō
NLE 2011
Paired Work
• Answer the remaining questions on your practice NLE
exam
– If you don’t know a vocabulary word, GUESS!
• Think of a word you may know in English or Spanish that is spelled
similarly and guess at its meaning
– Use common sense
– Let the vocabulary you do know help you to eliminate
wrong choices
NLE 2012 Answer Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
C
D
A
B
C
A
C
A
B
B
B
D
D
A
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
C
C
C
B
D
A
D
B
B
A
C
B
C
D
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
B
A
C
D
D
B
A
A
C
D
B
C
Propositum: DWBAT translate 1st and 2nd person pronouns in English and
Latin
2/4/15
STATIM:
1. Take a new packet from the front of the room
and write your name at the top
2. Complete the STATIM at the top of pg. 1
PENSUM # 67
Finish #3-10 on pg. 2
COTIDIANA on 1st and 2nd personal pronouns on
Monday
STATIM:
• Translate each of the following forms of a
Latin 3rd person pronoun into English:
to her
him
her/they
them
their/of them
it
with them
STATIM:
• Produce the form of the following 1st or 2nd
person pronouns in English:
I
we
me
us
you
you all
you all
EXERCITĀTIO
Directions:
• Each of the sentences below contains exactly one form of a 1st or 2nd
person pronoun.
• ANNOTATE and TRANSLATE each sentence, using context to help you
figure out the meaning of the pronoun.
• PLACE the Latin form of the pronoun and its English translation into the
chart above.
/1/
Graecī Troianīs dīcunt: ‘vōs nōn amāmus!’
you all
The Greeks say to the Trojans: ‘We do not love _________!’
____________________________________________________
vōs = 2nd person acc. pl.
EXERCITĀTIO
/2/
Agamemnon Achillī dīcit: ‘ego tuus dux sum.’
Agamemnon says to Achilles: ‘I am your leader!’
_______________________________________
ego = 1st person nom. sg.
Group Work
• Complete sentences #3-10 with your table
members
– Use your knowledge of pronouns from Spanish to
help you
• When you are done, raise your hand for a
CLASSWORK CHECK of your work
1st and 2nd Person Pronouns
I
of me
to me
me
BWIOF me
we
nōs
nostrum our/of us
nobīs
to us
nōs
us
BWIOF us
nobīs
ego
meī
mihi
mē
mē
tū
tuī
tibi
you
of you
to you
tē
you
BWIOF you
tē
vōs
you all
vestrum your/of you
vobīs
to you all
vōs
you all
vobīs BWIOF you all
NLE 2011 Answer Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
B
C
C
D
A
D
A
A
D
C
C
A
C
B
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
B
C
A
B
C
D
B
D
B
C
B
D
A
A
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
D
D
D
B
D
A
C
B
C
A
D
D
Propositum: DWBAT translate 1st and 2nd person pronouns in English and
Latin
2/5/15
STATIM:
1. Take out your packet and turn to the chart on
pg. 1
2. Make sure you have 12 pronouns already filled
into your chart
1. Can you make educated guesses about what some
of the ones that are missing will be?
PENSUM # 68
Annotate and translate through line 7 on pg. 3
COTIDIANA on 1st and 2nd personal pronouns on
Monday
1st and 2nd Person Pronouns
I
of me
to me
me
BWIOF me
we
nōs
nostrum our/of us
nobīs
to us
nōs
us
BWIOF us
nobīs
ego
meī
mihi
mē
mē
tū
tuī
tibi
you
of you
to you
tē
you
BWIOF you
tē
vōs
you all
vestrum your/of you
vobīs
to you all
vōs
you all
vobīs BWIOF you all
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
1. in urbe Troiā Hector sē reddere ad bellum
parat. ‘valēte,’ dīcit ‘vōs amō’ 2nd person nom./acc. pl.
2. fēmīnae Andromachī et infantī Scamandriō.
ubi atrocem galeam in capite ponit,
3. timōre Scamandrius flet. sine suā galeā
Hector modo pater est, et nunc patrem
4. fīlius adridet.
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
• After the inconclusive duel between Menelaus
and Paris, the Trojan War still drags on, and
neither side can gain the upper hand. Achilles
still nurses burning anger for the death of his
friend Patroclus …
– What was the agreement that Paris and Menelaus
came to before the duel?
– Why was the duel inconclusive?
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
• Partner Translation
– With a partner, work through the annotation and
translation of this passage through LINE 7
– 1 partner will LEAD in ANNOTATION
• He/she will say the annotations out-loud while their partner
writes them down
– 1 partner will LEAD in TRANSLATION
• He/she will say the translation, after their partner has
annotated, out-loud while their partner writes it down
– Raise your hand for a CLASSWORK CHECK of your
work when you are done
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
1. in urbe Troiā Hector sē reddere ad bellum
parat. ‘valēte,’ dīcit ‘vōs amō’
2. fēmīnae Andromachī et infantī Scamandriō.
ubi atrocem galeam in capite ponit,
3. timōre Scamandrius flet. sine suā galeā
Hector modo pater est, et nunc patrem
4. fīlius adridet.
Propositum: DWBAT translate 1st and 2nd person pronouns in Latin
2/6/15
STATIM:
1. Take out your packet and turn to the chart on
pg. 1
2. Find and identify the person, number, and case
of one 1st or 2nd pronoun in lines 5-7 of your text
PENSUM # 69
Annotate and translate through line 17 on pg. 3
COTIDIANA on 1st and 2nd personal pronouns on
Monday
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
5. cum Achille duce Graecī Troianōs ad portās
Troiae agēbant, donec fortis Hector
6. in viā adcessiōnis eōrum stat: ‘ego, sī
quidem solus, hīc meam urbem defendam’
1st person nom. sg.
7. ad hostēs clamat.
‘I, even if alone, will defend my city here’
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
• Partner Translation
– With a partner, work through the annotation and
translation of this passage through LINE 17
– 1 partner will LEAD in ANNOTATION
• He/she will say the annotations out-loud while their partner
writes them down
– 1 partner will LEAD in TRANSLATION
• He/she will say the translation, after their partner has
annotated, out-loud while their partner writes it down
– Raise your hand for a CLASSWORK CHECK of your
work when you are done
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
8. sed ubi Hector Achillem videt, amentem īrā
et cinctum caelestibus armīs, fugit.
9. trēs curricula circum alta moenia Troiae
perficiunt, Hector ante īrātum Achillem.
10.tandem Hector ad hostem vertit talibus
verbīs: ‘consentiāmus! sī tū mē caedēs, tū
11.honore corpus meum sepeliēs. ego idem
faciam.’
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
12. Achilles dīcit: ‘nōs amīcī nōn sumus, Hector. leonēs
cum hominibus nōn
13. conventa faciunt. tuum timorem meī dēpone, et
cum mē pugnā!’
14. telīs tum ensibus pugnant, et Hector in pulvere
mortuus cadit. īrātus Achilles
15. foramina in eius calcibus facit, and per ea linum
tractat. crudus vir Hectoris corpus
16. super terram currū trahit, ab Troiā et ad navēs
Graecās. in altō Olympō, deī
17. deaeque flent.
Propositum: DWBAT translate 1st and 2nd person pronouns in Latin
2/9/15
STATIM:
1. Take out a pen and piece of looseleaf and label
it with the following heading
1.
2.
3.
4.
Name
Date
Recitation
COTIDIANA #14- 1st and 2nd Person Pronouns
PENSUM # 70
Nihil pensum hodie!
Salina
Liora
Ashley
William
Sharear
Table 7
Chloe
Table 4
Nikki
Angela
Gracie
Hess
Eseme
Lenny
Vincent
Table 1
Sammim
Jeffrey
Michael
Luis
Table 5
Zach
Table 2
FRONT
Benjamin
Table 6 Gaurav
Ariel
Mariama
Michelle
Eric
Brian
Table 8
Alan
Pei Jun
Angelis
Table 3 Nadia
Tanya
Joyce
Margarita
Marielis
Gavin
Table 7
Andrew
Table 4
Mohammad
Israt
Rafael
Jimmy
Table 1
Rong
Derek
Rhema
Carlos
Precious
Hillary
Salome
Table 5
FRONT
Table 8
Ashraf
Aniyah Jaime
Table 6 Bureshma
Anisa
John
Shabab
Ericson Table 2
Calvin
Jerry
Josh
Kristian Table 3 Samantha
Abrar
Waleed
ThuThu
Table 7
Mohona
Desiree
Chris
Table 4
Winnie
Anna
Austin
Angus
Table 5
Jailyn
Edgar
Table 1
Victoria
Hang
Zhang
Amy
Harper
Akilah
MichelleTable 2
FRONT
Kiana
Afsana
Table 8
Maya
Athar
Alan
Thomas
Table 6
Aliyah
Vlad
Reiner
Alyanna Table 3 Jason
Fahim
Dong
John
Eric
Maggie
Table 4
Harry
Sebastian
Table 1 Kevin
Marlo
Mohammed Table 8
Table 7
Alex
Jasmine
Adam
Yuqi
Izzy
Table 5
TIffany
Benny Esela
Ivan
Shaikh
Sabrina Table 2
FRONT
Aaron
MushfiqueTable 6
Ray
Ahmed
Shageda
Sadia
Table 3 Adana
COTIDIANA #14- 1st and 2nd Person Pronouns
• Directions: Copy down the sentence, identify and annotate
the pronoun, identify its person, number and case, and
translate the sentence
• ‘necesse est mihi ad bellum īre,’ Hector fēmīnae
et infantī dīcit et galeam in capite ponit.
– 1st/2nd person pronoun:
– Person, number, case of pronoun:
– Translation:
Vocabulary
necesse = necessary
eō, īre to go
infans, infantis m. baby
galea, galeae f. helmet
caput, capitis n. head
COTIDIANA #14- 1st and 2nd Person Pronouns
• Directions: Copy down the sentence, identify and annotate the
pronoun, identify its person, number and case, and translate the
sentence
• ‘numquam conventum cum tē faciam!’ irātus Achilles
Hectorī dīcit et duo virī ensibus pugnāre coepiunt.
– 1st/2nd person pronoun:
– Person, number, case of pronoun:
– Translation:
Vocabulary
numquam never
conventum, -ī n. agreement
duo two
ensis, ensis m. sword
pugnō, pugnāre to fight
coepiō, coepere to begin
•
COTIDIANA #14- 1st and 2nd Person Pronouns
MAKE-UP
Directions: Copy down the sentence, identify and annotate the
pronoun, identify its person, number and case, and translate the
sentence
• ‘Troiam defendam et ā portīs meae urbis vōs repellam,
etsi pereō!’ Hector militibus Graecīs dīcit.
– 1st/2nd person pronoun:
– Person, number, case of pronoun:
– Translation:
Vocabulary
defendō, defendere to defend
porta, -ae f. gate
urbs, urbis f. city
repellō, repellere to drive back, repel, push back
etsi even if
pereō, perīre to die
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
1. in urbe Troiā Hector sē reddere ad bellum parat.
‘valēte,’ dīcit ‘vōs amō’
In the city Troy Hector prepares to return himself to war.
2. fēmīnae Andromachī et infantī Scamandriō. ubi
atrocem galeam in capite ponit,
‘Goodbye, I love you all’, he says to (his) wife Andromache and (his) baby
Scamandrius.
3. timōre Scamandrius flet. sine suā galeā Hector modo
pater est, et nunc patrem
When he puts (his) fearsome helmet on (his) head, Scamandrius weeps in fear.
Without his helmet Hector is only a father, and now the son smiles at (his) father.
4. fīlius adridet.
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
5. cum Achille duce Graecī Troianōs ad portās
Troiae agēbant, donec fortis Hector
With Achilles (as) leader, the Greeks were driving the Trojans to the gates of
Troy, until strong Hector stands in the path of their attack:
6. in viā adcessiōnis eōrum stat: ‘ego, sī quidem
solus, hīc meam urbem defendam’
‘I, even if (I am) alone, will defend my city here’, he shouts to (his) enemies.
7. ad hostēs clamat.
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
8. sed ubi Hector Achillem videt, amentem īrā et
cinctum caelestibus armīs, fugit.
But when Hector sees Achilles, crazy with anger and equipped with divine armor,
he flees.
9. trēs curricula circum alta moenia Troiae perficiunt,
Hector ante īrātum Achillem.
They complete three laps around the tall walls of Troy, (and) Hector (is) in front
of angry Achilles.
10. tandem Hector ad hostem vertit talibus verbīs:
‘consentiāmus! sī tū mē caedēs, tū
Finally Hector turns to (his) enemy with such words:
‘Let us agree! If you will kill me, you will bury my body with honor (respectfully).
11. honore corpus meum sepeliēs. ego idem faciam.’
I will do the same.’
Third Time’s the Harm (pg.3)
12. Achilles dīcit: ‘nōs amīcī nōn sumus, Hector. leonēs cum hominibus nōn
Achilles says: ‘We are not friends, Hector.Lions do not make agreements with men
13. conventa faciunt. tuum timorem meī dēpone, et cum mē pugnā!’
Put down (forget) your fear of me, and fight with me!’
14.
telīs tum ensibus pugnant, et Hector in pulvere mortuus cadit. īrātus
Achilles
They fight with weapons then swords, and Hector falls dead on the dust.
15. foramina in eius calcibus facit, and per ea linum tractat. crudus vir
Hectoris corpus
Angry Achilles makes holes in his ankles, and pulls rope through them.
16. super terram currū trahit, ab Troiā et ad navēs Graecās. in altō Olympō,
deī cruel man drags Hector’s body over the ground in a chariot, from Troy
The
and to the Greek ships.
17. deaeque
flent. gods and goddesses weep.
In lofty Olympus,
EXIT TICKET-Comprehensio
*Answer on looseleaf for collection; 1 per table*
• What kind of father is Hector?
• What claim does Hector make in the second
paragraph? What does this show us about his
character?
• What causes Hector to flee in line 8?
• To what does Achilles compare himself to in
line 12? What does this analogy mean?
• Why is Achilles described as crudus vir in line
15? Who might view him that way?
Propositum: DWBAT answer grammatical and content questions about a
text to prepare for an EXPLICATIO assessment
2/10/15
STATIM:
1. Take a handout from the front of the room and
put your name at the top
2. Take out your packet from yesterday and turn to
the text on pg. 3
3. Review and discuss your answer to question 5
again with your partner and be ready to share
your response:
1. Why is Achilles described as crudus vir in line 15?
Choose 1 piece of evidence to support your answer
PENSUM # 70
EXPLICATIO 1 on FRIDAY, 2/13
• On ‘Third Time’s the Harm’ text
• 10 questions with two longer 1-2 paragraph
responses
Make-ups for COTIDIANA #14 rescheduled for
Thursday after school
Textual Analysis- ‘Third Time’s the
Harm’
• With your translation partner, complete your
Textual Analysis in full in order to begin to
prepare for your EXPLICATIO
• When you are done, raise your hand for a
CHECK of your work
Grammar and Translation REVIEW
1. What is the case of sē in line 1? accusative
1. Why is sē in this case? direct object of parat
2. What type of verb is reddere in line 1? infinitive
1.
Why is reddere in this form? complementary infinitive with parat
3. What is the person, number, and case of the pronoun vōs
in line 1? 2nd, plural, accusative
4. What is the case of infantī in line 2? dative
5. Who is the subject of the verb point in line 2? Hector
6. What is the case of timōre in line 3? ablative
ablative of means
7. What is the case of pater in line 3? nominative
1. Why is pater in this case? predicate nominative
8. What tense is the verb agēbant (line 5) in? imperfect
1.
Why is timōre in this case?
Grammar and Translation REVIEW
9.
To whom do the adjectives amentem and cinctum (line 8) refer?
Achillem
10. Who is the subject of the verb perficiunt in line 9? they
11. What word can be implied in the clause Hector ante īrātum
Achillem in line 9? is/est
12. What is the tense of the verb caedēs in line 10? future
13. What case of corpus in line 11? accusative
14. Translate the noun honore (line 11) as an adverb while conveying
its meaning accurately honorably, respectfully
15. Paraphrase the clause tuum timorem meī dēpone (line 13) in your
own words: Stop being afraid of me
16. To whom does the pronoun eius refer in line 15? Hector
17. To what does the pronoun ea refer in line 15? foramina
Context and Content REVIEW
• In the English context paragraph, the reader is reminded
that a duel between Menelaus and Paris
has just
ended inconclusively after the goddess Venus
rescues
one of the combatants before he is defeated. The other’s
brother,Agamemnon, claims victory for their side in his
opponent’s absence.
• In the opening paragraph, Hector says goodbye to his
wife Andromache and his infant son Scamandrius . His son
cries when he sees his father dresses as soldier
because
he is frightened
by his armor
• What does Hector do as the Greeks drive the Trojans back
to the gates of the city?
he stands in the way of the Greeks’ attack and prevents them from
advancing, claiming he will defend Troy on his own if he has to
Propositum: DWBAT answer grammatical and content questions about a
text to prepare for an EXPLICATIO assessment
2/11/15
STATIM:
1. Take a handout from the front of the room and
put your name at the top
2. Take out your Textual Analysis handout
3. Take out your Vocabulary List and add the
following words to the 3rd DECLENSION nouns
page:
1. pater, patris m. father
2. corpus, corporis n. body
3. urbs, urbis f. city
PENSUM # 71
Complete your outline through pg. 7
Make-ups for COTIDIANA #14 rescheduled for
Thursday after school
Context and Content REVIEW
• What position are Hector and Achilles in after
they lap the city walls? Hector is in front of Achilles after being
chased by him around the city walls
• Why does Hector mention the verb sepeliēs in
line 11? Hector can predict that a battle between him and
Achilles may end in death and therefore he tries to
negotiate about how the loser’s body will be treated
• Paraphrase in your own words what Achilles
means when he says ‘nōs amīcī nōn sumus,
Hector. leonēs cum hominibus nōn conventa
faciunt. (lines 12-13)
‘There will be no negotiation between us because we are on
opposing sides. I am superior to you and therefore will not stoop
to negotiating your requests.
Context and Content REVIEW
• Explain in your own words in detail what Achilles does
to Hector’s body in line 15-16:
Achilles makes holes in Hector’s ankles and puts rope through
them so that he can tie him to and drag him from his chariot
• What might be going on around Achilles as he Hectoris
corpus super terram currū trahit (lines 15-16)? Who
might be watching? What might their reactions be?
Greek and Trojan soldiers may be watching; the Greeks may feel
shocked, triumphant; the Trojans may feel despairing, scared, sad
• Why do deī deaeque flent in line 17?
They are sad to see Hector’s body being disrespected; they are sad
to see Achilles acting so dishonorably against his opponent
Explicātio Prep Packet
• With your translation partner
– On pg. 3, summarize each paragraph of the text in
your own word to create an outline of the passage
– On pgs. 4-7, identify the key nouns in the passage
by describing what they are and what their roles are
in this passage specifically
– Then answer the questions on pg. 8
– When you are done, raise your hand for a classwork
CHECK of your work today
Explicātio Prep Packet
/1/ Translate this sentence: ubi atrocem … flet. (lines 2-3)
/2/ ubi atrocem … adridet (lines 2-4). In your own words, explain what
Scamandrius’s two reactions are to his father and what prompts
each one.
/3/ Translate this sentence: trēs … Achillem. (line 9)
/4/ In your own words, explain why Hector addresses Achilles in lines
10-11 and what the overall message is he is trying to convey to him.
Term 3 EXPLICĀTIO 1
• You have the entire recitation for your assessment
• If you have any clarifying questions about what
questions mean or how to answer them, come see me
individually at my desk
• If there are any words missing from the vocab key, raise
your hand and I will write them on the whiteboard
• If you finish early, bring your exam back up to the front
and when you return to your seat, silently take out and
work on any non-Latin related work
• Bona fortūna! 
Propositum: DWBAT define the concept of voice and distinguish
between active and passive sentences in English
2/23/15
STATIM:
1. Take a new packet from the front of the room
and put your name and recitation at the top
2. Read through pg. 1 and fill in any blanks to the
best of your ability
PENSUM # 72
Work through pg. 3 of your packet
Make-ups for COTIDIANA #14 rescheduled for
tomorrow after school
FEATURES OF VERBS: TENSE AND VOICE
• Each Latin verb you encounter possesses
several features which supply you with
information essential to understanding its
meaning. Most of those features are ones
we’ve learned before, however there are two
we still have not discussed. Today we will
learn one more
amābāmus
1. DEFINITION
– The DEFINITION of a verb tells you basic MEANING of
the verb (ex. love, run, see). The definition of a
verb is contained within its stem or root. The stem
beginning
of a verb is located at the _________________
of
the verb form.
– Ex. the DEFINITION of amābāmus is “love” (stem =
amā)
amābāmus
2. PERSON AND NUMBER
– The PERSON AND NUMBER of a verb tell you WHO the
subject of the verb is (ex. I, you, he/she/it, we, you
all, they). There are 6 person number
combinations. The person and number can be
end
found at the _________________
of the verb
form.
– Ex. the PERSON AND NUMBER of amābāmus is 1st
person plural (person and number ending = -mus)
amābāmus
3. TENSE AND ASPECT
– The TENSE AND ASPECT of a verb tell you WHEN AND HOW the verb is
being done. There are 6 tenses and many different aspects (ex.
simple, progressive, completed, continual, etc.). Aspect is
decided by tense and if more than one is possible, the best
aspect is decided based on CONTEXT by the reader/listener. The
tense of a verb can be determined by looking at the infix/tense
middle
sign in the _______________
of the verb form or looking at the
principal part and ending used in the verb form.
– Ex. the TENSE of amābāmus is imperfect (tense sign/infix = -bā-)
and the ASPECT could be either habitual (used to love) or
continuous (was loving)
4. MOOD
– The MOOD of a verb tells you MODE OR MANNER in which the verb
is expressed to the reader/listener. We haven’t learned mood
yet so stay tuned…
5. VOICE
– The VOICE of a verb tells you whether the subject of a verb is
DOING or RECEIVING the action of the verb. The voice of a verb
can either be ACTIVE (if the subject is doing the action of the
verb) or PASSIVE (if the subject is receiving the action of the
verb)
– Ex. the VOICE of amābāmus is ACTIVE because the subject “we”
are doing the action of loving.
ACTIVE VS. PASSIVE VOICE
• In an ACTIVE sentence, the subject is DOING the action of
the verb.
– Ex. I love my family.
– Odysseus misses his wife and son.
– Achilles kills Hector and drags his body around the walls of Troy.
• In a PASSIVE sentence, the action of the verb is being DONE
TO the subject. Another way to say this is that the subject
of the sentence is RECEIVING the action of the verb or
being acted upon.
– My family is loved by me.
– Odysseus’ wife and son are missed by him.
– Hector is killed by Achilles and his body is dragged around the
walls of Troy.
ACTIVE VS. PASSIVE VOICE
• Notice that these example sentences mean
virtually the same exact thing, although
grammatically they are fairly different.
• What do you notice changes when the sentences
change from ACTIVE to PASSIVE?
– the direct object becomes the subject
– the former subject comes after the verb and has the
word ‘by’ in front of it
– the verb has ‘is’ or ‘are’ in front of it
TRANSLATING THE PASSIVE VOICE
Directions: Complete the following translations of the PASSIVE voice for each
tense in English.
1.
PRESENT tense
ACTIVE = we love, we are loving
PASSIVE =
we are loved, we
are being loved
2. IMPERFECT tense
ACTIVE = we were loving, we used to love
PASSIVE = we were being loved, we
3. FUTURE tense
ACTIVE = we will love
PASSIVE = we will be
loved
Words added = ‘are’, ‘being’, ‘be’
used to be loved
Group Work
• With your translation partner, complete the
activity on pg. 3
– Exerceāmus! ACTIVE versus PASSIVE voices in
English
• Directions: ANNOTATE the following sentences. For
passive sentences/clauses, annotate the do-er of the
action with a STAR and parentheses (*). Then decide
whether the sentence/clause is ACTIVE or PASSIVE.
Exerceāmus!
ACTIVE versus PASSIVE voices in English
a) …and neither side had gained the upper hand.
b) Odysseus was valued by his fellow soldiers for his
wit and eloquence,
c) although he was not as fast as Achilles or as
strong as Ajax.
d) Odysseus devised many schemes to advance the
Greek effort.
Exerceāmus!
ACTIVE versus PASSIVE voices in English
e) When a prophecy was given by Calchas…
f) that Troy could not be taken without a sacred
statue of Athena
g) Odysseus stole it from the Trojan shrine.
h) In the tenth year of the war, Odysseus contrived
his most famous scheme of all- the Trojan horse.
Exerceāmus!
ACTIVE versus PASSIVE voices in English
• List the letters of the sentences that are in the
A, C, D, G, H
ACTIVE: _____________________
• List the letters of the sentences that are in the
PASSIVE: _____________________
B, E, F
• What is the DIFFERENCE between the way you
annotated the ACTIVE sentences versus the way
you annotated the PASSIVE sentences?
•
Passive sentences don’t have any direct objects
Some passive sentences include a noun that does the
action of the passive verb (B, E) but not all (F)
Propositum: DWBAT translate passive verbs in Latin and distinguish
between verbs of different voices in Latin
STATIM:
1. Take out your Packet from yesterday
2/24/15
2. Complete the STATIM at the top of pg. 4
3. Come up with an example of a PASSIVE
sentence in English
PENSUM # 73
Work through pg. 6 of your packet
COTIDIANA on passive voice on Thursday
STATIM
• The voice of a verb tells you whether the subject
doing
of that verb is __________________
or
receiving
___________________
the action of the verb.
• If the subject is DOING the action of the verb, the
active
voice of the verb is ________________________.
• If the subject is RECEIVING the action of the verb,
passive
the voice of the verb is _____________________.
Active vs. Passive Personal Endings
• ACTIVE Personal Endings
PASSIVE Personal Endings
EXERCEĀMUS!
1. olim Troianī ē lectīs surgēbant et castra
Graecōrum iuxtim circumspectābant. castra
eōrum urēbāntur…
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Verb #1 ACTIVE / PASSIVE? (circle one)
Subject of verb #1 = Troianī
Verb #2 ACTIVE / PASSIVE? (circle one)
Troianī/’they’
Subject of verb #2 =
Verb #3 ACTIVE / PASSIVE? (circle one)
Subject of verb #3 = castra
Sentence Translation =
One day the Trojans were rising out of (their) beds and were
looking around the camps of the Greeks nearby.
Their camps were being burned…
Group Work
• With your translation partner, complete the
activity on pgs. 4-5
– Exerceāmus! ACTIVE vs. PASSIVE voices in Latin
• Directions: Annotate and translate the sentences below
and identify the voices of the verbs and their subjects.
– When you are done, raise your hands for a
CLASSWORK CHECK
– If you finish early, you may move on to your HW
EXERCEĀMUS! CONJUGATING THE PASSIVE
VOICE, PRESENT TENSE
• Directions: IDENTIFY the conjug. # of the verbs below, and
CONJUGATE them in the present tense passive voice.
1. vocō, vocāre, vocāvī to call
vocor
I am called
vocāris/vocāre you are called
vocātur
she is called
st
1
Conjugation # ________
vocāmur
vocāminī
vocāntur
we are called
you all are called
they are called
Propositum: DWBAT translate and identify ablative of agent and ablative
of means in a passive Latin sentence
2/25/15
STATIM:
1. Take out your Packet from yesterday and a red
pen
2. Read through pg. 7 to yourself silently
PENSUM # 74
Complete pgs. 9 & 10 of your packet
COTIDIANA on passive voice TOMORROW
EXERCEĀMUS! CONJUGATING THE PASSIVE
VOICE, PRESENT TENSE
• Directions: IDENTIFY the conjug. # of the verbs below, and
CONJUGATE them in the present tense passive voice.
2. audiō, audīre, audīvī to hear
audior
I am heard
audīris/audīre you are heard
audītur
she is heard
th
4
Conjugation # ________
audīmur
audīminī
audīuntur
we are heard
you all are heard
they are heard
EXERCEĀMUS! CONJUGATING THE PASSIVE
VOICE, PRESENT TENSE
• Directions: IDENTIFY the conjug. # of the verbs below, and
CONJUGATE them in the present tense passive voice.
3. dūcō, dūcere, dūxī to lead
ducor
I am led
duceris/ducere you are led
ducitur
she is led
rd
3
Conjugation # ________
ducimur
duciminī
ducuntur
we are led
you all are led
they are led
EXERCEĀMUS! CONJUGATING THE PASSIVE
VOICE, PRESENT TENSE
• Directions: IDENTIFY the conjug. # of the verbs below, and
CONJUGATE them in the present tense passive voice.
4. timeō, timēre, timuī to fear
timeor
I am feared
timēris/timēre you are feared
timētur
she is feared
nd
2
Conjugation # ________
timēmur
timēminī
timēntur
we are feared
you all are feared
they are feared
ABLATIVE OF AGENT VS. ABLATIVE OF MEANS
• In PASSIVE sentences, we know that the subject RECEIVES the
action of the verb, as opposed to doing the action of the verb as it
would in an active sentence. That means that another case is used
to express either the person or thing that DOES THE ACTION of the
passive verb. That case is the ABLATIVE.
• We use the Ablative of Agent when the performer of the action is a
person
___________________
and the Ablative of Means when the
thing
performer of the action is a ___________________
or concept/idea
– There is no difference in function between these two ablatives- they
both perform the action of a passive verb.
– The only difference is whether or not the preposition ā/ab is present;
if there is an ablative of AGENT, the preposition WILL be present. If
there is an ablative of MEANS, the preposition will NOT be present.
• In both instances, these ablatives are always translated with the
word “by”
ABLATIVE OF AGENT VS. ABLATIVE OF MEANS
• ABLATIVE OF AGENT = ā/ab + abl. noun (PERSON)
– Ex. urbs ā virīs dēlētur The city is destroyed by the men
– ā virīs = by the men  ABLATIVE OF AGENT; the men are doing
the action of destroying the city; also because a) the noun is a
person and b) the preposition ā/ab is used
• ABLATIVE OF MEANS = noun (THING/IDEA) in the ablative case
(NO preposition)
– Ex. urbs flammīs dēlētur The city is destroyed by flames
– flammīs = by flames  ABLATIVE OF MEANS; the flames are
doing the action of destroying the city; also because a) the noun
is a thing and b) there is no preposition ā/ab used before the
ablative
EXERCEĀMUS! ABLATIVE OF AGENT AND ABLATIVE OF MEANS
• Directions: IDENTIFY ablatives of agent and ablatives of means,
annotate, and translate each sentence.
1. Ulixes ā Graecīs militibus ob leporem et
eloquentiam cognoscitur.
– ABLATIVE OF AGENT / ABLATIVE OF MEANS (circle one)
– ABLATIVE noun performing action= militibus
– Sentence Translation =
Odysseus is recognized by the Greek soldiers because
of/for (his) wit and eloquence.
Group Work
• With your translation partner, complete the
activity on pg.8
– EXERCEĀMUS! ABLATIVE OF AGENT AND ABLATIVE OF
MEANS
• Directions: Annotate and translate the sentences below
and identify the voices of the verbs and their subjects.
– When you are done, raise your hands for a
CLASSWORK CHECK
– If you finish early, you may move on to your HW
Propositum: DWBAT translate passive sentences in Latin in context
2/26/15
STATIM:
1. Take out a black/blue pen, clear your desk of all
other materials and wait to receive your
COTIDIANA
COTIDIANA #15Passive Voice (Present Tense)
• You have 10 minutes to complete your
COTIDIANA
• Read directions carefully!
PENSUM # 75
Annotate and translate through line 10 on pg. 11
The Tale of the Trojan Horse
• Although he was reluctant to join the expedition, Odysseus became
the most important of the Greeks. Though not as fast as Achilles or
strong as Ajax, he was an effective fighter but proved even more
valuable for his eloquence and wit, keeping up morale, spying on
the Trojans, and devising various schemes to advance the Greek
effort. When the seer Calchas proclaimed that Troy would not be
taken without the palladium, a wooden statue of Pallas Athena
(known as Minerva to the Romans), Odysseus stole it from her
Trojan shrine. As war wore on for a tenth year, he contrived his
most famous stratagem: the Trojan Horse.
• One day the Trojans woke to find the Greek camps burned, their
ships gone, and only an enormous horse made of wood left outside
the gates. Gates thrown open, the Trojans make their way around
the ruins of the Greek camp in wonder, many astounded by the
strange offering left behind...
Correct the following typo:
• Add the word ‘miser’ into the clause on line 5
between the words fortunā and facior
– ego fortunā miser facior
Trojan Horsing Around (pg.11)
• Partner Translation
– With a partner, work through the annotation and
translation of this passage through LINE 10
– 1 partner will LEAD in ANNOTATION
• He/she will say the annotations out-loud while their partner
writes them down
– 1 partner will LEAD in TRANSLATION
• He/she will say the translation, after their partner has
annotated, out-loud while their partner writes it down
– Raise your hand for a CLASSWORK CHECK of your
work when you are done
Propositum: DWBAT translate passive sentences in Latin in context
2/27/15
STATIM:
1. Take out your packet and a red pen and turn to
pg. 11
2. Take out your Vocabulary List and copy down
the following words:
– equus, -ī, m. horse (2nd DECLENSION)
– fabula, -ae, f. story, tale (1st DECLENSION)
– fortuna, -ae f. fortune, destiny (1st DECLENSION)
– porta, -ae f.: gate, door (1st DECLENSION)
– unda, -ae, f. wave, water (1st DECLENSION)
PENSUM # 75
Study for a mini NUNDINA on Tuesday 3/3
1st and 2nd person pronouns
Passive voice, ablative of agent/means
Term 3 TRANSLĀTIO on Tuesday 3/10
TROJAN HORSING AROUND
1.
iam ad rēgem Priamum ā Trōiānīs militibus Graecus
captīvus,
Now
a Greek captive, Sinon, is led to king Priam by the Trojan soldiers.
2. Sinōn, dūcitur. ubi Sinon Trōiānōs īrātōs videt et Trōiānōrum
lūdōs
When
Sinon sees the Trojans angry and hears the Trojans’ jokes, he pretends
3.
audit,
cūram
et Priamō
mendācia dīcere audet:
/feigns
concern
and simulat
dares to say
lies to Priam:
4.
‘modo verba vēra ā mē dīcuntur: mē esse Graecum nōn
‘Onlynegābō.
true words are said by me: I will not deny myself to be a Greek.
5. (quamquam ego miserum fortunā facior, ea quoque mē
falsum
(although
I am nōn
madefaciet.)
miserable by fortune, she/it will not also make me a liar.)
TROJAN HORSING AROUND
6. Palamēdis eram amīcus et amīcitiam petēbāmus cum Ulixe
sed Ulixem
I was a friend of Palamedes and we were seeking a friendship with Odysseus
7. īrātum faciēbāmus itaque amīcum meum dolō (vōs fabulam
but we were making Odysseus angry and so the Ithacan (man) kills/(ed) my frien
8. cognoscitis!) Ithacus caedit. nunc ex odiō Ulixis dēcēdere
nōn possumwith a trick (you all recognize the story!)
9. -quid dīcam? sī Graecōs timētis, mē caedētis et Graecī ā
vobīs
Now I am not able to leave out of (on account of) Odysseus’ hatred- what
will I say?
10. iuvābuntur.’
If you all fear the Greeks, you will kill me and the Greeks will be helped by
you.’
Trojan Horsing Around (pg.11)
• Partner Translation
– With a partner, work through the annotation and
translation of this passage through LINE 19
– 1 partner will LEAD in ANNOTATION
• He/she will say the annotations out-loud while their partner
writes them down
– 1 partner will LEAD in TRANSLATION
• He/she will say the translation, after their partner has
annotated, out-loud while their partner writes it down
– Raise your hand for a CLASSWORK CHECK of your
work when you are done
Propositum: DWBAT translate passive sentences in Latin in context
3/2/15
STATIM:
1. Take a Practice Nundina from the front of the room
2. Take out your packet and a red pen and turn to pg. 11
3. Take out your Vocabulary List and copy down the
following words:
– negō, negāre, negāvī, negātus to deny (1ST CONJ.)
– optō, optāre, optāvī, optātus to choose, desire, want, wish
(1ST CONJ.)
– relinquō, relinquere, relinquī, relictus leave (behind),
abandon (3RD CONJ.)
– trahō, trahere, traxī, tractus to drag (3RD CONJ.)
PENSUM # 76
Complete your Practice Nundina
COTIDIANA #15 re-take is TOMORROW
Term 3 TRANSLĀTIO on Tuesday 3/10
Correct the following typos:
• On the back of your Practice Nundina, change
the verbs iaceō, iacēre and fugiō, fugere to
negō, negāre- to deny and relinquō,
relinquere – to leave behind, abandon
Trojan Horsing Around (pg.11)
• Partner Translation
– With a partner, work through the annotation and
translation of this passage through LINE 19
– 1 partner will LEAD in ANNOTATION
• He/she will say the annotations out-loud while their partner
writes them down
– 1 partner will LEAD in TRANSLATION
• He/she will say the translation, after their partner has
annotated, out-loud while their partner writes it down
– Raise your hand for a CLASSWORK CHECK of your
work when you are done
TROJAN HORSING AROUND
11. rex Priamus et Troianī audiunt et Sinonem inimīcum nōn iam
King Priam and the Trojans listen and no longer have (consider) Sinon an enemy
12. habent itaque Sinon ‘hīc,’ dīcit ‘mē Graecī relinquunt et per undās
therefore Sinon says, ‘The Greeks are abandoning me here and seeking their
kingdoms through the waves,
13. rēgna sua petunt, nam orāculum novum ā deīs accipiunt: dea magna,
for they receive a new prophecy from the gods:
14. Minerva, ob pallādium surreptum Graecīs nōn favet et Graecīs
the great goddess, Minerva, does not support the Greeks because of the
stolen palladium and she will not give favor to the Greeks until
15. veniam nōn dabit dōnec in templō suō pallādium ponent--aut
domum
they place the palladium in her templeeither they will sail home or the Trojans will defeat them.
16. navigābunt aut Trōiānī eōs vincent.
TROJAN HORSING AROUND
16. equum ex māteriā faciēbant, nam
They were making a horse out of timber, for the want to make enough of
(satisfy) Minerva.
17. Minervae satis facere optant. tam magnum equum
faciēbant, quod
They were making a horse so big, because they do not want the Trojans to
have the goddess’ favor more than/instead of them (they do).
18. deae grātiam habēre Trōiānōs magisquam eōs nōn optant.
sī in portās
If the horse will be dragged into the gates, you all will win the war against
the Greeks.’
19. equus trahētur, contrā Graecōs bellum vincētis.’
EXERCEĀMUS! CONJUGATING THE PASSIVE
VOICE, IMPERFECT TENSE
• Directions: IDENTIFY the conjug. # of the verbs below, and
CONJUGATE them in the present tense passive voice.
3. capiō, capere, cēpī ( conj. ) – to take
________
capiēbar
capiēbāris
capiēbātur
I was being
feared
you were being feared
she was being
feared
Conjugation # 3rd -io
capiēbāmur
capiēbāminī
capiēbāntur
we were being
feared
you all were being
feared
they were being
feared
EXERCEĀMUS! CONJUGATING THE PASSIVE
VOICE, IMPERFECT TENSE
• Directions: IDENTIFY the conjug. # of the verbs below, and
CONJUGATE them in the present tense passive voice.
4. teneō, tenēre, tenuī ( conj.) – to hold Conjug. # ________
2nd
tenēbar
tenēbāris
tenēbātur
I was being held
you were being held
it was being held
tenēbāmur
tenēbāminī
tenēbāntur
we were being held
you all were being
held
they were being
held
EXERCEĀMUS! CONJUGATING THE PASSIVE
VOICE, FUTURE TENSE
• Directions: IDENTIFY the conjug. # of the verbs below, and
CONJUGATE them in the present tense passive voice.
9. audiō, audīre, audīvī ( ) - to hear
audiar
audiēris
audiētur
I will be heard
you will be heard
it will be heard
Conjug. # ________
4th
audiēmur
audiēminī
audiēntur
we will be heard
you all will be heard
they will be heard
Term 3, Packet 2 Vocabulary
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
contrā (+ACC.) against
equus, -ī, m. horse
fabula, -ae, f. story, tale
fortuna, -ae f. fortune, destiny
iam (adv.) now, already
negō, negāre, negāvī, negātus to deny
optō, optāre, optāvī, optātus to choose, desire, want,
wish
per (+ACC) through
porta, -ae f.: gate
relinquō, relinquere, relinquī, relictus leave (behind),
abandon
trahō, trahere, traxī, tractus to drag
Propositum: DWBAT translate passive sentences in Latin in context
3/3/15
STATIM:
1. Take a practice Translātio from the front of the
room and put your name at the top
2. Take out your Practice Nundina and a red pen
3. Take out your Vocabulary List and copy down the
following words:
1. contrā (+ACC.) against (PREPOSITION)
2. per (+ACC) through (PREPOSITION)
PART I: Answer the following short
questions.
• /1/ What voice indicates that the subject RECEIVES the
Passive
action of the verb? __________________
• /2/ What person (1st, 2nd, 3rd) indicates that the speaker
1st
is doing the action? __________________
• /3/ What number indicates that more than one
plural
person/thing is described? __________________
• /4/ In a passive clause, what Latin case shows the
ablative
agent of the action?
__________________
• /5/ In English, forms of what verb are always used to
create the passive voice? __________________
‘to be’
PART II: Annotation and Translate the
following sentences
/1/ rēgīnam rex amat, sed rex ā rēgīnā nōn amātur.
____________________________________________________
The__________________________________________________
king loves the queen but the king is not loved by the queen.
_
/2/ ‘vōs ā mē amābiminī,’ vir amicīs dīcit.
‘You all will be loved by me,’ the man says to (his) friends.
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_
/3/
bellum
duce
telīs and
caedēbantur.
The mīlitēs
soldiers in
were
beingāled
intodūcēbantur,
war by (their)et
leader,
were being
struck/killed
by weapons.
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__________________________________________________
_
PART III: Morphology.
• Conjugate and translate the verb negō, negāre
deny in the IMPERFECT tense, PASSIVE voice.
negābar
negābāris
negābātur
I was being denied negābāmur
you were being
negābāminī
denied
he was being
negābāntur
denied
we were being
denied
you all were being
denied
they were being
denied
PART III: Morphology.
• Conjugate and translate the verb relinquō,
relinquere to leave behind, abandon in the
FUTURE tense, PASSIVE voice.
I will be abandoned relinquēmur
relinquar
you will be
relinquēri
relinquēminī
abandoned
s
he will be
relinquēntur
relinquētur abandoned
we will be
abandoned
you all will be
abandoned
they will be
abandoned
NUNDINA
• You have the rest of the recitation for your
NUNDINA
• Put up a divider in front of yourself
• If you finish early, bring your quiz up to the
front of the room and take out non-Latin
related work when you return to your seat
Lāocoōn (Practice Translātio)
• Partner Translation
– With a partner, work through the annotation and
translation of this passage through LINE 19
– 1 partner will LEAD in ANNOTATION
• He/she will say the annotations out-loud while their
partner writes them down
– 1 partner will LEAD in TRANSLATION
• He/she will say the translation, after their partner has
annotated, out-loud while their partner writes it down
– Write your translation on looseleaf paper
Propositum: DWBAT translate passive sentences in Latin in context in
preparation for the Term 3 TRANSLĀTIO
3/9/15
STATIM:
1. Take out your Practice Translātio (Lāocoōn) text and a red pen
2. Take out your Vocabulary List to check to make sure you have
added the following words:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
contrā (+ACC.) against
equus, -ī, m. horse
fabula, -ae, f. story, tale
fortuna, -ae f. fortune, destiny
iam (adv.) now, already
negō, negāre, negāvī, negātus to deny
optō, optāre, optāvī, optātus to choose, desire, want, wish
per (+ACC) through
porta, -ae f.: gate
relinquō, relinquere, relinquī, relictus leave (behind), abandon
trahō, trahere, traxī, tractus to drag
unda, -ae, f. wave
PENSUM # 77
Term 3 TRANSLĀTIO TOMORROW!!!
LĀOCOŌN
1.
sed nōn tōtī Trōiānī equum magnum esse dōnum
Graecōrum deae
But not all the Trojans think the big horse to be the Greeks’ gift for the goddess.
2. cogitant. unus Trōiānus, Lāocoōn, dē arce Trōiae currit et dīcit:
One Trojan, Lāocoōn, runs down from the citadel of Troy and says:
3.
'amīcī, Graecīs crēdēmus? equus est Graecōrum dolus!
nōn
‘Friends, will we believe the Greeks? The horse is the Greeks’ trick!
4.
cognoscitis opus Ulixis? aut equus māteriā multōs mīlitēs
Graecōs
Do you all not recognize the work of Odysseus? Either the horse hides
5. cēlat aut is in arietem faciētur. fabulae Sinonis, amīcī meī, nōn
many Greek soldiers in (its) wood or it will be made into a battering ram.
6. crēdam. quidquid equus est, timeō Graecōs et sua dōna.’
I will not believe Sinon’s story, my friends. Whatever the horse is, I fear the
Greeks and their gifts.’
LĀOCOŌN
7.
equus
post eius verba, ad equum hastam iacit. hastā in latere
After his words, he hurls a spear at the horse.
8. caeditur et tremit: caverna contrā gemit.
It is struck in (its) side with the spear and it trembles: the body groans in reply.
9.
interim ā Lāocoōnte, quī prīmus sacerdos Neptūnī erat, sacrum
Meanwhile the sacrifice of a bull was being made at an altar by Lāocoōn,
10. taurī ad āram faciēbatur. simul geminī serpentēs per undās
movēbant.
who was the first priest of Neptune. At the same time twin snakes were
moving through the waves.
11. terga sanguinea habēbant et magnī clāmōrēs ē maxillīs eōrum
They used to have (had) bloody backs and great shouts were being heard
from their jaws.
12. audiēbantur. ubī ad ōram veniunt, Trōiānī ob timōrem fugiunt.
When they arrive at the shore, the Trojans flee because of fear.
LĀOCOŌN
13. serpentēs Lāocoontem petunt sed prīmum fīliōs capiunt et puerōs
The snakes look for Lāocoōn but first they seize (his) sons and begin to
devour the boys.
14. dēvorāre incipiunt. clāmōrēs ad puerōs ā patre mittuntur; armātus
Shouts are sent by (their) father to the boys; armed he runs to (his) sons
but he is not able to save them, (and) the monsters conquer him.
15. ad fīliōs currit sed eōs servāre nōn potest, eum monstra vincunt.
16.
iterim timor novus in animōs Trōiānōrum adest: ‘Lāocoōntī
Meanwhile a new fear is present in the minds of the Trojans:
17. culpam dāmus, quod sacerdōs hastā malā equum vulnerat. portās
‘We give blame to Lāocoōn, because the priest wounds the horse with an
evil spear.
18. urbis Trōiae aperiēmus et ad templum equum trahēmus et ā deā
We will open the gates of the city of Troy and we will drag the horse to the
temple and we will beg (for) the forgiveness from the goddess Minerva.’
19. Minervā veniam orābimus.’
omnis, omnis, omne
all, every
meus, mea, meum
my, mine
vērus, vēra, vērum
true
iam
now, already
hīc
here
per (+ACC)
through
contrā (+ACC)
against
maneō, manēre, mansī,
mansurus
to remain, stay
optō, optāre, optāvī, optātus
to wish, want, choose, desire
negō, negāre, negāvī, negātus
to deny
trahō, trahere, traxī, tractus
to drag, pull
porta, -ae f.
gate, door
fabula, -ae f.
story, tale
urbs, urbis f.
city
via, -ae f.
path, way, road
TERM 3 TRANSLĀTIO
• Take out a piece of looseleaf and put your name
at the top
• Sit 1 person to each side of your table
• Put a divider up in front of you
• You have the entire recitation for your translātio
• If you have a question, come up to my desk to ask
it individually
• When you finish your exam, come to the front,
staple it to your looseleaf and leave it on the
bookcase