WIPO-TCCIA WORKSHOP ON
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FOR
BUSINESS FOR SMEs
Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, May 10 and 11, 2005
Why do SMEs Need Intellectual Property
Tools: Objectives, Programs and Activities of
the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
(SMEs) Division of WIPO
Christopher M. Kalanje, Consultant, SMEs Division, WIPO
OVERVIEW
Facts About SMEs contd.
• No universally accepted definition
• Criteria used include
– Level of sales revenue (turnover); Number of
employees; Value of physical assets; Debt
facilities; Ownership structure etc.
• Decision is on government/institution
based on one or more criteria
Facts About SMEs contd.
SMEs by number of employees
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Tanzania Kenya
Micro
EC
Small
US
Medium
Facts About SMEs contd.
– Tanzania
• Micro- Capital > TShs. 5m (approx. USD 5K);
Small- Capital TShs. 5m - 200m (approx.USD
5K - 180K); Medium- Capital TShs. 200m 800m (appr. USD 180K - 730K)
– European Communities
• Micro- Annual Balance Sheet EUR. 2m
(approx.. USD 2.5m); Small- Balance sheet
EUR. 10m (approx. USD 13m); MediumBalance sheet EUR. 43m (approx. USD 56m)
Facts About SMEs contd.
Job Creation
Innovation
SMEs
Trade
Investment
Social Tranquility
Economic
Growth
Facts About SMEs contd.
• SMEs form the bulk of enterprises in most
economies
• SMEs contribution toward economic
growth of countries is widely recognized
• SMEs have the potential of doing better
than their current performance
Why SMEs and IP
• Studies show that SMEs do not
effectively use IP
• SME users of IP system are often
limited to high tech, biotech,
information and communication
technologies enterprises
• Increasingly large companies include
SMEs in their cooperate strategies
Why SMEs and IP contd.
Globalization
Revolution in ICT
Change in strategy;
- Shedding away
- Effective use and
managing of information
Why SMEs and IP contd.
• Removal of trade barriers has increased
competition both local and international
• The playing field (market) is more
“bumpy” i.e competitors differ in size
and assets, financial capacity, human
and organizational capacity e.t.c.
Why SMEs and IP contd.
• Price and location are taking back seat as
main factors of competitive advantage
• Efficient management practices, creative
and appealing designs and ability to
market are becoming a necessity if one
wants to succeed in the market place
• Technological edge plays critical role
especially in high-tech industries
Why SMEs and IP contd.
INTANGIABLE
ASSETS
in particular
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
TAKING A
CENTRAL
STAGE
Why SMEs and IP contd.
Stimulate investment in
new areas of R & D
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
Facilitate identification
of products by consumer
i.e consumer royalty
Facilitate partnerships
Enhances competitiveness
WIPO Activities for SMEs
• WIPO SME Division:
Established in October 2000
• Objective: To strengthen
the capacity of
governmental, private and
civil society institutions
worldwide to formulate and
implement policies and
strategies for meeting the
IP needs and concerns of
SMEs
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
Gather and provide
processed information
Focus on new areas
STRATEGY
Strengthen outreach
activities of IP offices
Create simple,
SME-friendly products
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
- Taking IP issues to
non-traditional audience
- Bringing business
community to IP events
- Launching SME
web site
www.wipo.int/sme
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
- Launching e-newsletter
- Reaching out to
partners e.g. Chamber
of commerce,
SME associations, SME
support institutions etc.
- Contributing articles to
WIPO magazine
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
Products (Guides)
– Making a Mark: An
Introduction to
Trademarks for Small
and medium-sized
Enterprises” (Arabic,
Chinese, English,
French, Italian,
Portuguese, Russian
and Spanish)
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
– Looking Good: An
Introduction to
Industrial Designs for
Small and Mediumsized Enterprises”
(Arabic, English,
French, Italian,
Portuguese and
Spanish)
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
• Translation and customization: Under way,
– 16 Countries members of the OAPI*, Kenya,
Tanzania
– Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Morocco,
Tunisia
* L'Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle
(Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon Central Africa, Congo, Cote
d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea Bissau,
Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Chad and Togo)
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
– Australia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia,
Mongolia, New Zealand, Philippines,
Vietnam
– Canada, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland,
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Poland,
Slovakia, Spain
– Argentina
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
• Guides under preparation
– Inventing the Future (Patents)
– Creative Expression (Copyright)
– IP Valuation
– Domain Names
– Trade Secrets
– Patent Information
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
• Joint publications
with International
Trade Centre (ITC)
– Marketing Crafts
and Visual Arts: The
Role of Intellectual
Property. A Practical
Guide (English, French
and Spanish)
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
– Secrets of
Intellectual Property:
A Guide for Small and
Medium-sized Exporters
(English, and Spanish)
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
– Exchanging
Value: Negotiating
Technology License
Agreements: A
Training Manual
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
• Exporting
Automotive
Components: A
Guide for Small and
Medium-sized
Enterprises
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
– Secrets of the Pharmaceutical
Industry: A Guide for Small and Mediumsized Exporters ( A Chapter on IP is under
preparation)
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
• Other Publications (commissioned to
external experts)
– Guía del Empresario: Marcas e Indicaciones
Geograficas
– Intellectual Property Rights for the Toy
Industry in India (Funded by UNIDO)*
– Intellectual Property Rights for Machine
Tools Industry in India (funded by UNIDO)
• * United Nations Industrial Development Organization
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
• CD-ROM Products
– South Asian
Association for
Regional Cooperation
(SAARC) CD-ROM on
IP for SMEs: The
project is expected
to be completed
2005
– “IP Panorama”:
Multi-Media
Interactive CD-ROM
Product (in
collaboration with
Korean Intellectual
Property Office-KIPO
and Korean
Inventors Promotion
Agency- KIPA
WIPO Activities for SMEs contd.
The SMEs web site has been
linked to several business and
academic web sites
Feedback
Increased interest on IP issues
evidenced in non-traditional IP
activities
Increased collaboration with
other institutions
Conclusion
Increased
awareness
and effective
use of IP
system
Enhance
SMEs
competitiveness
Positive
impact in
economic
development
Finally