EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT IN NORTH
AMERICA, CHS. 1-3
(BY GB, FR, SP, NE, PO)
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SSUSH2 The student will trace the ways
that the economy and society of British
North America developed.
a. Explain the development of mercantilism and
the trans-Atlantic trade.
b. Describe the Middle Passage, growth of the
African population, and African-American culture.
c. Identify Benjamin Franklin as a symbol of
social mobility and individualism.
d. Explain the significance of the Great
Awakening.
EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT
(COLONIES DEVELOP ECONOMIES THAT ALLOWED
SETTLERS TO SURVIVE, THOUGH EACH COLONY
DIFFERED IN REL., CUL., AND POL. CUSTOMS.)
EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT
 The
Thirteen Colonies were part of
what became known as British
America, a name that was used by
Great Britain until the Treaty of Paris
recognized the independence of the
original United States of America.
These thirteen British colonies in
North America rebelled against
British rule in 1775.
THIRTEEN COLONIES
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New England
Province of New Hampshire, later New Hampshire
Province of Massachusetts Bay, later Massachusetts and Maine
Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, later Rhode
Island
Connecticut Colony, later Connecticut.
Middle Colonies
Province of New York, later New York and Vermont
Province of New Jersey, later New Jersey
Province of Pennsylvania, later Pennsylvania
Delaware Colony (before 1776, the Lower Counties on Delaware),
later Delaware
Southern Colonies
Province of Maryland, later Maryland
Colony and Dominion of Virginia, later Virginia, Kentucky and West
Virginia
Province of North Carolina, later North Carolina and Tennessee
Province of South Carolina, later South Carolina
Province of Georgia, later Georgia
ECONOMICS
(EFFICIENT USE OF
RESOURCES)
1. ECO. OF ENG. AND 13 COLONIES
2. MERCANTILISM-ECO. POLICY
DESCRIPTORS OR
MERCANTILISM
 1.EARTH-LIMITED
WEALTH-NATURAL
RESOURCES, ESP. GOLD, SILVER
 2.THE BEST NATION HAD MOST
WEALTH
 3.GOAL: GET WEALTH
 4.THE MORE 1 NATION HAD, THE
LESS THE OTHER NATION HAD
 5.AS NATION BECAME STRONGERWEALTHIER, OTHERS LESS
MERCANTILISM, CONTINUED
6. ENG SAW THE 13 COLONIES AS
SOURCE OF WEALTH
 7. THE MORE LAND ENG HAD THE LESS
FR AND OTHER NATIONS HAD IN N.
AMERICA
 8. THE MORE AMERICAN GOODS ENG
COULD SELL, THE LESS $ THE OTHER
NATIONS WOULD HAVE.
 9. RESULT: ENG GREATER, RIVALS
WEAKER
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MERCANTILISM, CONTINUED
1.ENG TIGHTLY CONTROLLED TRANS
(ACROSS)-ATLANTIC TRADE.
 2.ALL GOODS TO AND FROM BRITISH N.
AM. HAD TO TRAVEL IN ENG. SHIPS AND
LAND 1ST IN ENG AND PAY TAXES.
 3.RESULT:
 1)COLONIES WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO
COMPETE AGAINST ENG.
 2)SMUGGLERS
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TRANS-ATLANTIC TRADE
TRANS-ATLANTIC TRADE
 The
three-way trans-Atlantic trade
known historically as the Triangular
Trade was the trade during the
seventeenth and eighteenth
centuries of slaves, sugar (often in
its liquid form, molasses), and rum
between West Africa, the West Indies
and the northern colonies of British
North America.
THE MIDDLE PASSAGE
 The
slaves grew the sugar from
which was brewed rum, which in turn
was traded for more slaves. In this
circuit, the sea lane west from Africa
to the West Indies (and later, also to
Brazil) was the notorious Middle
Passage. Its cargo was abducted or
recently purchased African slaves.
BLACK, AFRICAN CULTURE
 1.GROWTH
OF FARMS AND
PRODUCTION OF CASH CROPS
RESULTED IN MORE AFRICAN
SLAVES
 2.LOCATION: MOSTLY SOUTHERN
COLONIES FOR FARMING
 3.INTRODUCTION OF AFRICAN
CULTURE TO AMERICA
NEW IDEAS INFLUENCE THE
COLONISTS
 1.ENLIGHTENMENT,
LATE 1600S-
1700S
 2.GREAT AWAKENING, 1730S-1740S
ENLIGHTENMENT
 1.AGE
OF REASON
 2. The American Enlightenment
describes the intellectual culture of
the British North American colonies
and the early United States.
ENLIGHTENMENT
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3. Influenced by the scientific revolution of
the 17th century, the Enlightenment took
scientific reasoning and applied it to
human nature and society. There was a
shift from God-centered thinking to
human being centered. Instead of going
through life unhappy and thinking they
had to suffer so they could enjoy the
afterlife, people began to think about what
they could accomplish on earth.
ENLIGHTENMENT
 4.MOST
FAMOUS AMERICAN
PERSONALITY: BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
 1)PRINTER, WRITER, BUSINESSMAN,
PHILOSOPHER, SCIENTIST,
INVENTOR, POLITICIAN
 2)IMPROVE SELF (INDIVIDUALISM)
 3)RISE IN SOCIAL STATUS (SOCIAL
MOBILITY)
ENLIGHTENMENT
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
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Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 – April
17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the
United States of America. A noted polymath,
Franklin was a leading author and printer, satirist,
political theorist, politician, scientist, inventor,
civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a
scientist, he was a major figure in the
Enlightenment and the history of physics for his
discoveries and theories regarding electricity. He
invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin
stove, a carriage odometer, and the glass
'armonica'. He formed both the first public lending
library in America and first fire department in
Pennsylvania. He was an early proponent of
colonial unity and as a political writer and activist
he, more than anyone, invented the idea of an
American nation and as a diplomat during the
American Revolution, he secured the French
alliance that helped to make independence
possible.
GREAT AWAKENING
The First Great Awakening, (referred to
by some historians as the Great
Awakening) was a period of heightened
religious activity, primarily in Great Britain
and its North American colonies in the
1730s and 1740s.
 Everywhere, it attracted large and
emotional crowds, eliciting countless
conversions as well as considerable
controversy.
 JONATHAN EDWARDS AND GEORGE
WHITEFIELD
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GREAT AWAKENING, GEORGE
WHITEFIELD AND JONATHAN
EWARDS, PREACHERS
1.RELIGION WAS
MORE PERSONAL.
 2.MOVE AWAY
FROM STRICT
PURITAN VIEWS
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GREAT AWAKENING
George Whitefield (December 16, 1714
- September 30, 1770), an Anglican,
Church of England, itinerant minister who
helped spread the Great Awakening in
Great Britain and, especially, in the British
North American colonies.
. He was a very influential figure in the
establishment of Methodism. He was
famous for his preaching in America which
was a significant part of an 18th century
movement of Christian revivals,
sometimes called "The Great Awakening."
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Jonathan Edwards (October 5, 1703 – March 22,
1758) was a colonial American Congregational
preacher, theologian, and missionary to Native
Americans. He is known as one of the greatest and
most profound of American theologians and
revivalists. His famous sermon "Sinners in the
Hands of an Angry God," emphasized the just
wrath of God against sin and contrasted it with the
provision of God for salvation; the intensity of his
preaching sometimes resulted in members of the
audience fainting, swooning, and other more
obtrusive reactions. The swooning and other
behaviors in his audience caught him up in a
controversy over "bodily effects" of the Holy
Spirit's presence.
SUMMARY
 1.NEW
ENGLAND COLONIES
 2.MIDDLE COLONIES
 3.SOUTHERN COLONIES
 4.MERCANTILISM
 5.SLAVERY
 6.ENLIGHTENMENT
 7.GREAT AWAKENING