The Keys to Photosynthesis
 Definition: the making of food from sunlight energy
light
 Equation: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
o 3 Raw materials: carbon dioxide, water, sunlight
o 2 Products: glucose (sugar) and oxygen
 Occurs in the chloroplast of plant cells
o Draw a picture of this organelle
 Chlorophyll pigments absorb sunlight
 Raw materials enter the leaves through pores called
stomata
 2 steps:
o Light-dependent reactions = converting light
energy to chemical (ATP) energy
 Takes place in thylakoid membrane
 Sunlight energy excites electrons
 Electron transport chain harnesses the energy
as it is released stepwise to create ATP
o Light-independent reactions = using chemical
energy from step 1 to produce sugars (glucose)
 aka carbon dioxide in and glucose out
The Keys to Cellular Respiration
 Definition: the break down of food molecules to produce ATP
 Equation: C6H12O6 + O2  H2O + CO2 + ATP
o 2 Raw materials: glucose and oxygen
o 3 Products: water, carbon dioxide, and ATP energy
 Occurs in all living cells
 Takes place in the mitochondria, which closely resembles the
organelle used in photosynthesis
o Name 2 structural similarities between these organelles:
2 membranes, squiggly membranes, bean-shaped
o Draw a picture of this organelle:
 2 types: aerobic (needing oxygen) & anaerobic (not needing
oxygen)
o These produce different amounts of ATP energy for the cell
(give these numbers below):
Fermentation = 2 ATP, Cellular Respiration = 36 ATP
 3 steps: (also write the structure where each step takes place)
o Glycolysis = breaks down glucose (sugars)
o *Citric acid cycle = produces CO2 and ATP
o Electron transport chain = energy released down each step
to yield ATP and H2O
 *Fermentation may enter into the process here:
o Definition = anaerobic means of creating energy for cell
o This happens when the cell is lacking oxygen
o 2 types:

Lactic acid i.e. when your muscles are sore from
exercising
 Alcoholic i.e. yeast in making bread