Terms
Lebensraum- German for living space.
Anschluss- German term for the unification of Germany and Austria.
Enigma Machine- German code machine for sending out private military info and commands.
Appeasement- Giving someone what they want to encourage peace.
Nonaggression Pact- Agreement between Hitler and Stalin before WWII, that Nazis wouldn’t attack USSR
Blitzkrieg- German term for lightning war
Isolationism- policy of staying out of world affairs.
Internment Camps- camps for German, Japanese, and Italian immigrants in America during WWII
Kamikazes- suicide Japanese pilots
****Final Solution- Germany’s plan for the mass extermination of Jews
Ghetto- separated portion of a city that includes housing for Jews.
Concentration Camps- where German prisoners of war, Jews, & others were detained during the Holocaust.
****Holocaust- 1939 to 1945, the Nazi’s systematic mass extermination of the Jews
Euthanasia- medical program in Nazi Germany that was geared at purifying the German race by removing
undesirables from society
****Ketsu-Go- Japanese term for decisive victory
People to Know
Hugo Boss- German clothing designer that Hitler commissioned to design Nazi uniforms.
Josef Mengele- Angel of Death, head of Euthanasia in Germany
Hienrich Himmler- Hitler’s #2, responsible for the logistics of the Final Solution
Francisco Franco- Spanish dictator who closely resembled Hitler and Stalin in how he ruled over Spain
Georgy Zhukov- Soviet hero at the battle of Leningrad, helped turn the tide of the battle
Vasily Zaytsev- Famous Russian sniper, famous for 225 kills at Stalingrad
Oskar Schindler- German business man, who used his industries to provide work and protection for 1,200 Jews
Winston Churchill- British Prime Minister during WWII
Hideki Tojo- Japan’s military leader during WWII
Erwin Rommel- Desert Fox, leader of the Panzer Tanks division, and Afrika Korps
Wladyslaw Szpilman- Polish pianist who survived the Holocaust in the rubble of Warsaw
Dwight D. Eisenhower- U.S. General during WWII, future president
Harry S. Truman- American president who followed FDR’s time in office, made the decision to drop the A-Bomb
Juan Pujol Garcia- aka Agent Garbo. Spy for the Allies who tricked the Nazis with false info about D-Day
invasion
Things to Know
U.S.S. Arizona- American battleship destroyed at the attack on Pearl Harbor
U.S.S. Reuben James- Fought against German ships before America had actually entered WWII
V-E Day- Victory in Europe Day (May 7, 1945)
V-J Day- Victory in Japan Day (Aug. 15, 1945)
Ghost Division- Dummy Army that was used in fooling the Nazis about the location of D-Day
Einsatzgruppen- Nazi Death squads (killing units), who carried out massacres like that at Babi Yar
1. Rhineland
2. Sudetenland
3. Chamberlain- Appeased Germany, allowed them to invade Czechoslovakia. Churchill- saw Germany as an
immediate threat, and felt that Europe should unite against them.
4. Japan, Germany, Italy
5. Allies were defeated and forced to retreat with their back against the ocean. But, over 330,000+ Allied soldiers
were rescued over a 3 day period. Otherwise the Allies could have possibly been defeated.
6. BMW
7. 37 straight weeks of bombings by the Nazis on the city of London. 40,000 civilians killed. Hitler’s attempt to
get the British to surrender.
8. Surprise attack by Japanese on an American port where our Pacific Navy fleet was stationed. 2 hours long,
2,000 killed.
9. Scrapped iron and other metals, and conserved and recycled rubber, paper products, and fuel for war effort.
10. Suez Canal was the connecting body of water for the Middle Eastern oil producing countries and the
Mediterranean Sea. Allies depended on the oil for their war effort.
11. Libya; Egypt; Battle of El Alamein
12. Afrika Korps
13. Northern Africa
14. Sicily
15. He was rescued by Nazi forces at the command of Hitler, and would go on to be used as a puppet leader by
Hitler in Northern Italy
16. Nazis surrounded and blockaded the city. As many as 3-4,000 were starving daily. 1 million civilians died,
but the Soviet citizens and military in the city outlasted the Nazi blockade. Major victory for USSR
17. -One of the largest cities in Russia.
-Its factories produced tanks, guns, etc.
-Major ports on the Volga shipped products throughout Russia.
-Carried Stalin’s name.
-Largest and bloodiest battle in history.
18. 9 million
19. Most countries would not accept poor immigrants, and since Jews were financially crippled by Nazi laws,
emigration was difficult. The U.S. and other countries were recovering from the Great Depression, and the U.S.
began limiting immigration numbers by the late 1920’s.
20. Slavs, Poles, the Romany (Gypsies), homosexuals, and the disabled.
21. 5 million; 6 million
22. At Babi Yar (Russia), Nazis carried out the mass murder of 35,000 Jews in a 2-day span.
23. Auschwitz
24. Buchenwald
25. Kept Japanese from conquering strategic British ports in Australia.
26. Outnumbered in terms of ships and firepower, but the U.S. Navy would still defeat the Japanese, thanks to
cracking the Japanese’s codes, and finding out when and how they would attack.
27. -Took over a year to plan.
-Invasion had to be by sea, and made against strong German defenses.
-Specialized equipment would have to made to transport tanks, troops, and supplies.
-There was also a complex plan to mislead Hitler about the location of the invasion.
-Over 156,000 Allied troops would be used in the invasion
-10,000 Allied killed on D-Day alone.
28. Allies were able to stop the last major offensive launched by Hitler. Took place in Belgium, cost 100,000
Allied lives though.
29. Okinawa and Iwo Jima; 20,000
30. Hiroshima; Nagasaki
31. Estimated that it would cost 1 million Allied lives. Japanese would kill thousands of U.S. POWs located there.
Millions more Japanese lives would be lost to an invasion. Japanese would not give up easily (ketsu-go)
32. Agreement between U.S. and Britain -Neither country would seek territorial gain.
-Work together for mutual prosperity.
33. Yalta