Ch. 7, Sect. 3
(HW is 7.4)
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OBJECTIVES:
IDENTIFY the events and
factors that contributed to
Andrew Jackson’s rise to
power.
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DESCRIBE Andrew Jackson’s
political beliefs.
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EXAMINE how Jackson’s
presidency expanded
democracy and egalitarianism,
but not to all Americans.
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/assets/aa/jackson/aa_jackson_subj_e.jpg
AGE OF
JACKSON
“THE CORRUPT BARGAIN”
THE FACTS OF THE CASE:
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“THE CORRUPT BARGAIN”
THE FACTS OF THE CASE:
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Election of 1824
Andrew Jackson wins popular vote
Jackson and John Quincy Adams tie for electoral vote
Henry Clay, Speaker of the House, to decide the tie
Clay meets with Adams privately
Clay gives Adams the Presidency
Adams makes Clay Secretary of State
THE CRIME:
PLAINTIFF:
JUDGEMENT:
DEFENSE
The Administration of
John Quincy Adams
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The undiplomatic diplomat, the apolitical politician
First “minority president”
Refused to remove officeholders or use patronage
Urged nationalistic endeavors on Congress
Increasingly out of step with growing sectionalism
Viewed positively by history, not so in his day
Jackson wins in 1828
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Democratic-Republicans (Jackson) divorces from
Nationalistic-Republicans (Adams)
“Shall the people rule?”- expansion of suffrage
Jackson runs as a “reform” candidate
Mudslinging, personal attacks on J.Q. Adams
Jackson wins 178 to 83, wins West and South
Shift of power, East to West, Elite to Common Man
The Jackson Administration
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Individualism, Opportunism, Versatility, Populism
Orphaned & Uneducated
Became Judge and Congressman for Tennessee
“Old Hickory” to his troops
1st President from West, 2nd w/o College Degree
Suspicious of Clay’s American System
Frequently uses veto power, “King Andrew”
First Inaugural Address of Andrew
Jackson
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 4, 1829
(Excerpt) The recent demonstration of public sentiment inscribes on
the list of Executive duties, in characters too legible to be
overlooked, the task of reform, which will require particularly the
correction of those abuses that have brought the patronage of the
Federal Government into conflict with the freedom of elections,
and the counteraction of those causes which have disturbed the
rightful course of appointment and have placed or continued
power in unfaithful or incompetent hands.
In the performance of a task thus generally delineated I shall
endeavor to select men whose diligence and talents will insure in
their respective stations able and faithful cooperation, depending
for the advancement of the public service more on the integrity
and zeal of the public officers than on their numbers.
“Spoils System”
• Large #’s of Jackson supporters rewarded with
federal jobs, “rotation in office”
• Removes 10% of officeholders
• Party membership vs. Merit &Service
• Increased corruption: “Kitchen Cabinet,”
• Increased power of party machines
In your opinion, was Jackson himself
was a man “of the people”?
(HINT: look at “Key Player”)
How did the Election 1824 shape
Jackson’s political beliefs & his
“spoils system?”
Removal of Native Americans
• Southeastern tribes: Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Creek
and Chickasaw form the “Five Civilized tribes”.
• Develop formal govt., language, courts, and newspapers.
• Sequoya invents written language.
• Planters and Miners push for removal to get Indian lands
• Jackson passes Indian Removal Act of 1830
• Cherokee resist removal and sue Georgia in Supreme Court,
Worcester v. Georgia, 1832 and win their case.
• Pres. Jackson and later Pres. Van Buren ignore Court’s
decision
Trail of
Tears
October – November
1838. Groups of 1,000
Cherokees at a time
make
the 800 mile journey
to the Indian
territories.
25% of the Cherokees die on the “Trail of Tears” of
cold, disease, and starvation.
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PBS VIDEO:
“WE SHALL REMAIN”
What were the long and the short term
impacts of Jackson’s presidency?
SHORT TERM:
LONG TERM: