SYNTACTIC ANALYSIS OF NOUN
PHRASE IN SHIRLEY JACKSON THE
LOTTERY “SHORT STORY”
BY: SITI MUNAWAROH
BAB I
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF CHOOSING THE SUBJECT
In conducting this study, the researcher interested
in this subject for some reasons. First, the researcher is
interested in learning linguistics, especially Syntax. As
a branch of linguistic study, syntax has it own
function in the research of language that is to analyze
phrase and noun phrase. In this case, researching
noun phrase in Shirley Jackson’s Short Story “The
Lottery” the researcher can understand the linguistic
structure of noun phrase in the short story and to
understand the meaning and goal of the short story
easier. Moreover, there are some noun phrases used
in the short story which are difficult for the readers to
understand. In this research, the writer tries to analyze
the English noun phrases used in Shirley Jackson’s
Short Story “The Lottery”.
PROBLEM FORMULATION
The writer focuses on discussing some
important problems in this analysis. The
problems are formulated as follows:
1. What are the patterns of noun phrase in
Shirley Jackson’s Short Story “The Lottery” ?
2. What are the functions of the noun phrase in
Shirley Jackson’s Short Story “The Lottery” ?
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
In accordance with the problem
formulation mentioned above, the writer will
present objectives of the study as follows:
1. To analyze the patterns of noun phrase in
Shirley Jackson’s Short Story “The Lottery”.
2. To analyze the functions of the noun phrase
in Shirley Jackson’s Short Story “The Lottery”.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
In every research a limitation of problem
is extremely needed in order to make the
research more focus and specific. In this
research, the writer limits the problem of the
noun phrase in the Shirley Jackson’s Short
Story
“The
Lottery”,
especially
the
constructions, and the distribution of noun
phrase by using grammatical structure
analysis based on structural approach.
REVIEW ON THE RELATED STUDIES
The writer wants to present previous research
dealing with syntactic analysis. The researcher is
Khairun Nisa (2009). She wrote a thesis entitled ‘An
Analysis of Noun and Verb Phrase In D. H. Lawrence’s
Novel “Sons and Lovers”’. Khairun Nisa’s thesis
analyzes noun and verb phrase by using theory of
Transformational generative Grammar (TGG).
The writer tries to conduct different research
entitled “Syntactic Analysis Of Noun Phrase In Shirley
Jackson’s Short Story “The Lottery”. In this research,
the writer analyzes English noun phrases based on the
structural grammar using tree- representation. The
data are taken from the short story entitled The Lottery
by Shirley Jackson. This research tries to complete the
previous ones.
METHOD OF RESEARCH
In his thesis, the writer uses the descriptive
qualitative method. It means that the research
is based on the characteristics of phenomena
and the data were analyzed using the
description not numbers. Arikunto (2012:
159) says that if the researcher intends to
know something about what and how, how
many, how high, etc, then the research is
called descriptive.
SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
This study is expected to be beneficial for the following persons:
1. For teachers
This research will give advantages for teachers in improving
their linguistic knowledge especially in Syntactical study.
2. For students
This research can be useful for English language learners to
improve their language component especially about Noun
Phrase.
3. For the researcher
This research may offer some information to other researchers
who are interested in developing a similar research related to
noun phrase in certain object, like short story.
PRESENTATION
This thesis will be presented in four chapters.
The first chapter is introduction that consists of
background of choosing the subject, problem
formulation, objective of the study, scope of the
study, method of research, theoretical approach,
theoretical framework, review on related studies,
and presentation of the thesis. The second
chapter is theoretical Review which underlies the
writing of the study. The third chapter is
analysis. And the last chapter contains the
conclusion and the suggestion of the study.
BAB II
THEORETICAL APPROACH
AND FRAMEWORK
THEORETICAL APPROACH
According to Kyle Johnson (2012: 01). In
Linguistics, Syntax is the study of the
arrangement of words into phrases and
sentences. It attempts to describe at least two
aspects. First, it describes which arrangements of
words are grammatical. And second, it describes
the relationship between the meaning that some
particular group of words has and the
arrangement of those words. For this reason, the
writer uses syntactic approach to know the
patterns of noun phrase and functions of noun
phrase in “The Lottery” short story.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
•
•
•
•
•
•
Linguistics
Syntax
Phrase
Noun Phrase
The Pattern of English Noun Phrase
The functions of noun phrase
• The patterns of the noun phrase in “The Lottery” short
story are as follows :
1. Pre-Modifier + Head (M + H): Determiner + Noun
(H), Adjective + Noun (H), Noun + Noun (H) and
Determiner + Adjective + Noun (H).
2. Modifier + Head + Modifier: Determiner + Noun (H) +
Prepositional Phrases, Determiner + Noun (H) +
Adjective and Determiner + Noun (H) + Adverb.
• The functions of noun phrase are used by the writer is
according to Heather Marie Kasor (2012: 1). The ten
functions are: subject, subject complement, direct
object,
object
complement,
indirect
object,
prepositional complement, noun phrase modifier,
determinative, appositive and adverbial.
BAB III
ANALYSIS
PATTERNS OF NOUN PHRASE
1. Pre-Modifier + Head (M + H)
a. Determiner + Noun
(1) The girls stood aside, talking among themselves.
(datum 8)
NP
Pre. M Head
det
N
The
girls
2. Modifier + Head + Modifier
a. Determiner + Noun + Prepositional Phrase.
(1) The feeling of liberty sat uneasily on most of them.
(datum 4)
NP
Pre.M
det
Head Post.M
N
Prep. phrase
Prep
The
feeling
of
N
liberty
FUNCTIONS OF NOUN PHRASE
1. Subject: The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny, with the fresh
warmth of a full-summer day.
2. Subject complement: There was a great deal of fussing to be done
before Mr. Summers declared the lottery open.
3. Direct object: Mr. Summers holding his slip of paper in the air.
4. Object complement: The researcher does not find the noun phrase in
the short story which function as object complements.
5. Indirect object: The researcher does not find the noun phrase in the
short story which function as indirect object.
6. Prepositional complement: She watched while Mr. Graves came
around from the side of the box.
7. Noun phrase modifier: The sound of the whisper reached the edges of
the crowd.
8. Determinative: Bobby martin ducked under his mother’s grasping
hand.
9. Appositive: “Watson” a tall boy, came awkwardly through the crowd.
10. Adverbial: The night before the lottery, Mr. Summers and Mr. Graves
made up the slips of paper and put them into box.
BAB IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
CONCLUSION
Based on the research, the writer focuses on discussing the patterns and
the functions of noun phrase. In the theory, there are three patterns of
noun phrases. But, the writer only finds two patterns of noun phrases in
this short story of The Lottery.
The patterns of the noun phrase in the Lottery short story are as follows :
1. Pre-Modifier + Head (M + H): Determiner + Noun (H), Adjective +
Noun (H), Noun + Noun (H) and Determiner + Adjective + Noun (H).
2. Modifier + Head + Modifier: Determiner + Noun (H) + Prepositional
Phrases, Determiner + Noun (H) + Adjective and Determiner + Noun
(H) + Adverb.
The functions of noun phrase are used by the writer is according to
Heather Marie Kasor (2012: 1). The ten functions are: subject, subject
complement, direct object, object complement, indirect object,
prepositional complement, noun phrase modifier, determinative,
appositive and adverbial.
SUGGESTION
The writer would like to give some suggestion
due to some which correlate with the study.
The writer suggests the readers who are
English students or not to aware of the kinds
of noun phrases its elements and the writer
suggests other researchers who are interested
in linguistic field, to analyze not only syntactic
study, but also some other linguistic studying
is and take other objects.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Arikunto, Suharsimi. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan
Praktik: Edisi Revisi V. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2002.
Nisa, Khairun. "An Analysis of Noun Phrase in D. H
Lawrence's Novel" Sons and Lovers". Medan: University
of North Sumatra, 2009.
Johnson, Kyle. Phrase Structure. Monday October 2012
<http://people.umass.edu/afarudi/Phrase%20Structure%
20Rules Kyle%20Johnson.pdf>.
Kasor, Heather Marie. The Functions of Nouns and Noun
Phrases in English. Friday March 2012. Saturday April
2013
<http://www.brighthubeducation.com/englishhomework-help/32754-the
function-of-noun--andnoun-phrase/>.
THANK YOU