BIOLOGY
Chapter 7: The Working Cell: Energy from Food
Name:________________________
Section Goal: The student will describe the structure of a mitochondrion and summarize the three stages of
cellular respiration and identify where ATP is made.
Vocabulary:
1. metabolism
2. glycolysis
3. Krebs cycle
4. ATP synthase
5. fermentation
6. anaerobic
Notes:
Concept 7.5: Cellular respiration converts energy from food to energy in ATP
1. Mitochondria Structure (See diagram, Figure 7-16)
A. Outer membrane and Inner highly folded membrane enclosing thick fluid called
_________________
B. Folds increase amt. of surface area for more ____________________ to occur.
C. All ___________________ processes make up a cell’s metabolism
D. Specific enzymes _______________________________ each reaction in a metabolic pathway
I.
Stage I: Glycolysis (splitting of sugar)
A. Occurs in cytoplasm (fig.7-17)
B. 2 ATP “initial investment” to ___________ the sugar
C. 1 C6H12O6 in and 2 pyruvic acids out (3-C each)
D. 2 ATP spent and 4 ___________________ (net gain of 2)
II.
Stage 2: The Krebs Cycle
A. Occurs in the _____________________
B. Occurs ___________________ for each glucose that entered stage one
C. Produces 1 ATP and electron carrier __________________________
III.
Stage 3: Electron Transport Chain and ATP Synthase Action
A. Occurs in the____________________ membrane of mitochondria
B. Refer to the previous information on “falling electrons” 7-4.
C. Hydrogen ions pumped _______________ the membrane to store energy like a dam holding
back water
D. ATP synthases (enzymes) act like mini ______________ to convert ADP back into ATP slowly.
E. As many as ____________ATP’s produced for ______________ glucose that entered glycolysis
Adding up the ATP Molecules
Section Goal: The student will explain how fermentation in muscle cells is different from cellular respiration
and give examples of products that depend on fermentation in microorganisms.
Concept 7.6: Energy without O2
I. Fermentation in Human Muscle Cells
A. ___________________________________makes ATP without using_____________________
B. This process is entirely glycolysis, which does_____________ produce a lot of ATP compared to all
of cellular respiration but it is enough for short bursts of ____________________
C. The byproduct of fermentation is the build up of _________________ in your
___________________ this is the soreness you feel after intense exercise
II. Fermentation and microorganisms
A. Like your muscles, ________________ is capable of both cellular respiration and fermentation
B. When yeast is kept in_____________________________ environment, they are forced to convert
sugar and other foods.
C.
Instead of producing lactic acid as a waste product, fermentation in yeast cells produces
_______________________________________
D.
There are also __________________________________________ that produce lactic acid
during fermentation and help transform milk into cheese and yogurt giving them their
characteristic flavors
Lesson Reflection:
Using the handout and the book, complete the cell energy drawings. Draw and color the pictures found
on page 148 (Figure 7-16)
Lesson Assessment:
1. How is the mitochondrion’s structure suited to its function?
2. Identify the three stages of cellular respiration, where in the cell each takes place, and how many ATP
molecules it produces.
3. Summarize the use and production of ATP in one cycle of cellular respiration.
4. How is fermentation different from cellular respiration?
5. Describe one example of how fermentation in microorganisms produces human foods.
6. What is the waste product of fermentation in your muscle cells?
Summary of Key concepts:
Complete the Summary of Key Concepts for section 7.5 and 7.5 and turn into the box.
Technology/Application/Connection to real-world:
Review Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis model and equation:
Using the cutouts for cellular respiration and photosynthesis, accurately construct the diagram for the
products and reactants. Have the teacher check your work.