Respiratory Review SheetAnswer Key
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The three functions of the nasal conchae are: warm__, mositen_, filter
The four sinuses are ethmoid, maxilla, sphenoid, frontal
The function of the sinuses are decrease weight skull, air chamber, sound
The three sections of the pharynx are nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
The most superior section of the pharynx is nasopharynx, inferior_laryngopharynx
The pharynx is also known as _throat
The larynx is also known as _voice box
You speak through these vocal cords_true
The covering over the trachea to prevent food from entering is called epiglottis_, it is
made of elastic cartilage
10. The trachea is made of 20 number of rings. The soft tissue is on the posterior side.
11. The rings are made of hyaline cartialge
12. The trachea is also known as the windpipe
13. The tubes leading from the trachea are called bronchi
14. The smallest conducting air passageway is the _bronchiole
15. The order of the air passageway is nasal, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
bronchiole
16. Which lung is bigger _Right_, because_heart lies on left
17. The covering of the lung is known as visceral pleura
18. This is the covering of the thoracic cavity which helps reduce frictionparietal pleura
19. Air exchange occurs here alveoli by diffusion
20. Moving air in & out of lungs is known as_ventilation/breathing
21. Gas exchange between blood & cells is known as internal respiration
22. When you inhale this happens: Diaphragm goes down sternum goes up
rib cage up_ use these intercostals muscles external intercostals, volume increases
pressure in lung_decreases
23. Exhale: diaphragm goes up, sternum goes down, rib cage goes down_
These intercostals muscles used internal_, volume decreases_ pressure increases
24. The nerve that stimulates the diaphragm is called the phrenic nerve
25. Normal breathing is called _tidal_ volume measures about _500_ml.
26. Air that keeps lung inflated & stays in lung, only noticed when wind knocked out of you
is called_residual volume, this amount__1100_ml.
27. Total amount of exchangeable air is known as vital capacity_
It is made from these 3 volumes TV, ERV, IRV
28. All air the lungs hold is called total lung capacity_apacity measure amount_6000_ml
29. The volume of air you inhale after a tidal volume is called inspriatory reserve vol. IRV
30. Total amount of air you can exhale is called_functional capacity made of ERV& RV
31. Respiratory rate is about _12-18 per minute
32. These two parts of the brain stem are responsible for breathing medulla oblongata, pons
which are located here_brain stem
33. Forceful breathing is controlled by the ventral respiratory center_
34. Rhythmic breathing is controlled by _dorsal respiratory center_
35. The blood vessels aorta & carotid_ are most sensitive to this gas carbon dioxide_
36. When you hyperventilate you actually have too much _oxygen which causes you to
dizzy & faint building of this gas in blood carbon dioxide
37. Gas exchange occurs because of this process diffusion in which gas move form _HIGH
concentration to are of _LOW_ concentration
38. This prevents overinflation of the lungs stretch receptors_
39. Two most severely damaging & disabling respiratory diseases are: lung cancer & COPD
40. COPD involves decrease oxygen, smoking, high infection rate
KNOW the Following Diseases/Disorders:
Apnea-
stop bretahing
Dispnea- difficulty breathing
Cyanosis-blueish tint to skin, lack of oxygen
Aspiration Pneumonia-trachea clogged, lack of oxygen
Asthma-constriction of airways, bronchial spasms
Hypoxia-low in oxygen
Emphysema-clogged airways/alveoli
Pluerisy-inflammation of pleura, covering of lungs
Lung Cancer-due to smoking, high fatality
Tuberculosis-airbrone highly infectious respiratory disease
Be Able to Label The Following:
1. Upper respiratory Pic: nasal conchae, sinuses, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea
2. Lower respiratory Pic : larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, L & R lung & lobes,
visceral pleura, alveoli
3. Breathing Chart: tidal volume (TV) , residual volume (RV) , inhale reserve volume (IRV)
exhale reserve volume(ERV), vital capacity (VC) , total lung capacity (TLC), functional
capacity ( FRC) Inspiratory capacity ( IVC)