Name: ______________________
Period: ______
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Avery’s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by a.
RNA b.
DNA.
c.
proteins.
d.
carbohydrates.
____ 2. Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? a.
ribose + phosphate group + thymine b.
ribose + phosphate group + uracil c.
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil d.
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
____ 3. In eukaryotes, DNA a.
is located in the nucleus.
b.
floats freely in the cytoplasm.
c.
is located in the ribosomes.
d.
is circular.
Figure 12–1
____ 4. Figure 12–1 shows the structure of a(an) a.
DNA molecule.
b.
amino acid.
c.
RNA molecule.
d.
protein.
____ 5. A linear stretch of DNA that specifies the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide is called a a.
codon.
b.
enzyme.
c.
gene.
d.
protein.

____ 6. During mitosis, the a.
DNA molecules unwind.
b.
histones and DNA molecules separate.
c.
DNA molecules become more tightly coiled.
d.
nucleosomes become more tightly packed.
____ 7. Which of the following include all the others? a.
DNA molecules b.
histones c.
chromosomes d.
nucleosomes
____ 8. Unlike DNA, RNA contains a.
adenine.
b.
uracil.
c.
phosphate groups.
d.
thymine.
____ 9. Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA? a.
ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine b.
deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and guanine c.
phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine d.
phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine
____ 10. Genes contain instructions for assembling a.
purines.
b.
nucleosomes.
c.
proteins.
d.
pyrimidines.
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
____ 11. The replication of a DNA molecule results in four copies of the same gene._________________________
____ 12. The synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template strand is transcription.
____________________
____13. In eukaryotes, DNA replication proceeds in one direction along the DNA molecule.___________________
_____14. Genes determine a person’s eye color by coding for nitrogenous bases that affect eye color. ___________
_____15. DNA codes for DNA polymerase. _________________________

Fill in the Blank
Complete each sentence or statement.
16. The structure labeled X in Figure 12–1 is a(an) ____________________.
17. The Watson and Crick model of DNA is a(an) _________________________, in which two strands are wound around each other.
18. Chromatin contains proteins called ____________________.
Matching.
Match each of the following words with the correct statements.
19. Carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide.
20. When a gene transcription occurs, the following is produced.
21. This is the cell’s essential protein factory.
A.
mRNA
B.
rRNA
C.
tRNA
22.
A.
Describe the Hershey-Chase experiment. Why were the results important?
B.
Describe the structure of a DNA molecule.
C.
How does transcription differ from DNA replication? Describe at least four differences.