SILENTLY…
1. Copy this week’s assignments in your
agenda
2. Get out 1 sheet of paper for notes
The Southern Colonies
• Why does England want colonies in
America?
• What do you think they hope to gain?
• 1st colony: Virginia
Jamestown?
• 1st permanent English
settlement (1607)
• Established by 105
men & boys sent by
the London Company
(joint-stock company)
Problems facing Jamestown?
• No survival skills
(farming, carpentry)
• Disease-carrying
mosquitoes
• Conflicts with Natives
• Hunger
• 2/3 of original
colonists died by 1st
winter
John Smith
• Takes over
Jamestown in 1608
• Forces people to
work harder
• Makes peace with
Powhatan tribe
• Success is shortlived….
Tobacco
• Saves Jamestown
• Major cash crop
• New blend developed
by John Rolfe-married
Pocahontas
Importance of 1619
1. First slaves arrive in
VA
2. House of Burgesses
3. Elected assembly
4. First republican gov’t
in colonies
Economy?
• Depends on
AGRICULTURE
• Tobacco, rice, indigo
are grown on
plantations
leads to reliance on
Slave Labor
Bacon’s Rebellion
• Small farmers (led by
Nathanial Bacon)
opposed to taxes and
policies towards NA
want to take Indian’s
land
• Controlled and
burned Jamestown
but rebellion ended
after Bacon died
Guided Reading Questions
Sec. 1 & 3
Southern and Middle Colonies
1. List the remaining southern
colonies.
•
•
•
•
Maryland
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
2. Why did Cecilius Calvert establish the
colony of Maryland?
• As a safe-haven for
English Catholics
3. Why was the Religious
Toleration Act of 1649 important?
• 1st law in support of
religious freedom in
the colonies
4. Who were the Lord Proprietors of the
Carolina Colony?
• 8 of King Charles II
supporters
• Became known as the
Lords Proprietors
5. Why did the Carolina colony split into
North and South Carolina?
• Settlements were far
apart, making it hard
to govern
• Conflicts with Natives
and Pirates
6. Why did James Oglethorpe
found Georgia?
• Place for debtors to
get fresh start
• Goal: small farms,
slavery illegal
7. List the Middle Colonies (4 )
•
•
•
•
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
8. How do New York and New Jersey
become English colonies?
• The English took it from the Dutch
DUKE OF YORK
9. Who are Quakers?
• Religious group
• Supported
nonviolence and
equality of men &
women
10. How did William Penn’s beliefs influence
the government in Pennsylvania?
• He had limited power
• Elected assembly
• Religious freedom to
all Christians
11. How was the economy of the Middle
Colonies similar to that of the Southern
colonies? How was it different?
• Both relied on farming
• South—cash crops on plantations
• Middle—staple crops like wheat & oats on
farms
• Did not use as many slaves as the South
but more than the New England colonies
12. How were indentured servants different
from slaves?
• They were eventually given their freedom
after a certain number of years.
• Slaves are slaves for life.
The New England Colonies
Sec. 2
New England Colonies
•
•
•
•
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New Hampshire
Puritans & Pilgrims
• Puritans—want to change Anglican
Church (Church of England)
• Pilgrims—want to SEPARATE (and form
new) from the Anglican Church
Pilgrims on the Move
• Pilgrims move to Holland and then…
• Sail to America on the Mayflower in 1620
• Land on Cape Cod & form Plymouth
colony
Mayflower Compact
• 41 male passengers
sign
• Agree to make laws
for general good
Pilgrims & Native Americans?
• Friendly with
Wampanoag tribe
• Squanto teaches
them to farm
• 1st Thanksgiving
Massachusetts Bay Colony
• Founded by Puritans
under John Winthrop
• Goal: Create ideal
Christian community
• Includes Plymouth
colony
Role of Religion?
• Closely linked to gov’t
• Religious leaders had LOTS of power
• Only male church members were allowed
to vote
• Very INTOLERANT of differences!
• Led to new colonies
•
•
•
•
Connecticut—founded by Thomas Hooker
Rhode Island— founded by Roger Williams
Anne Hutchison—critic of Puritan leaders
Salem Witch Trials
Economy?
• NO staple crops because
of harsh climate and poor
soil
• Economy based on
TRADE
• FISHING and
SHIPBUILDING were
leading industries
• They also had lots of
skilled craftsmen such as
blacksmiths, weavers,
and printing press
workers