Chapter 11
Cranium
Part 1
Cranial Bones
• Skull = __________ and ________ bones
• Cranium (8 bones)
– Area that surrounds and protects the brain.
– ____________ (Skull Cap)
– Floor
Calvarium
• __________
• Parietal (Right and Left)
• __________
Frontal Bone
• ____________ (Vertical) Portion
– Forehead
• ___________ (Horizontal) Portion
– Superior Orbits
Frontal Bone
Squamous
• ___________
– Area between eyebrows
• _____________ Groove
– Depression above eyebrows
• ______________margin
– Superior rim of orbit
• _____________ ridge (Arch)
– Ridge beneath eyebrow
Frontal Bone
Orbital
• _____________plate
– Superior portion of each orbit
• _______________ Notch
– Separates orbital plate
• Articulates with 4 cranial bones
– Right and left parietals, sphenoid, _________
Parietal Bones
• Forms the __________calvarium.
• Articulates with 5 cranial bones
– Frontal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, parietal
Occipital Bone
• ___________portion of the calvarium.
• Squamous Portion
• _______________Protuberance (Inion)
– Prominent bump on the back of head.
Occipital
• ____________Magnum
– Hole for spinal cord
• _______________ condyles
– Articulating surface on each side of foramen
magnum.
• Articulates with 6 bones
– 2 parietals, 2 temporals, sphenoid, ________
Cranial Floor
• Temporal (Right and Left)
• __________
• Ethmoid
Temporal Bone
• Lateral aspect of skull.
• 3 Portions
– ___________
– ___________
– ___________
Temporal
Squamous Portion
• Vertical aspect and very thin.
• _______________
– Articulates with Zygoma
– ____________
Temporal
Mastoid Portion
• Posterior to ___________
• _____________
• Mastoid Tip
Temporal
Petrous Portion
• Houses hearing and equilibrium
• _______________
– Petrous Ridges
• _______________Meatus
– Opening for the nerves of hearing and equilibrium
• ________________
Sphenoid
• Centrally located. Anchors all 7 cranial
bones.
• _______________(Turk’s Saddle)
– Houses _______________
– __________sellae – Posterior wall of sella
– _____ – Depression posterior to dorsum sella.
– Posterior clinoid
– Anterior clinoid
Sphenoid
• ___________ Wings
– Anterior clinoid
• ___________ Wings
– Forms portion of floor and walls of cranium
Sphenoid
• Lateral ______________
– Lateral downward projections
• Medial ________________
– Medial downward projections
• ___________ hamuli
– Process off of medial pterygoid
Sphenoid Foramen
• Foramen ____________
• Foramen ____________
• Foramen ____________
Sphenoid
Optic Components
• Optic __________ (Chiasm)
– Groove between Anterior body and lesser wings
• Optic ___________
– Hole between anterior body and lesser wings
• Superior ______________
– Space lateral to optic foramen between lesser and
greater wings
Ethmoid Bone
• Small bone lying primarily below floor of
cranium.
• Articulates with 2 cranial bones.
• ____________
– Horizontal portion
• ____________
– Superior projection from cribriform plate into frontal
bone
More Ethmoid
• _________________ plate
– Downward projection forms nasal septum
• Lateral _____________ (masses)
– Suspend from cribiform
• Nasal ___________(Turbinates)
– Downward projection from labyrinth
Sutures
• Areas of cranial fusion
– Synarthrodial
• __________ suture
– Fuses Parietal to Frontal bone
• ___________suture
– Fuses right and left Parietal
• __________suture
– Fuses Parietal to Occipital
• __________ suture
– Fuses Parietal to Temporal
Fontanels
Membrane area as a Child
• Anterior
• Posterior
• Sphenoid (2)
• Mastoid (2)
Suture Articulations Adult
• ____________
– Frontal and parietals
• ____________
– Occipital and parietals
• ___________ Rt/Lt
– GW of sphenoid, temporal, parietal, frontal
• ___________ Rt/Lt
– Temporal, occipital, parietal