Study guide for the exam
Unit 2, lesson 2 and Unit 3, lesson 1
I. Stem-changing verbs
What are the steps to conjugate stem-changing verbs? Conjugate He wants. Querer (e>ie)
1. drop the –er, -ir, or –ar
Quer er
2. change the stem
Qu ie r
3.conjugate the ending
Quiero
*Remember not to change the stem with nosotros.
Translate
1. She prefers (preferir e>ie)______________________________________________________
2. I can (poder o>ue)____________________________________________________________
3. She thinks (pensar e>ie)________________________________________________________
4. We want (querer e>ie)_________________________________________________________
II. Reflexive verbs
What are the reflexive pronouns for the following.
Yo___________
Tú____________
Nosotros/as________________
Usted/Él/Ella_______________
Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas________________
How do you conjugate reflexive verbs?
He shaves. (afeitarse)
1. write the reflexive pronoun.
Se
2. drop the –arse, -erse, or –irse of the reflexive verbs.
3. conjugate the ending.
afeitarse
Se afeita
Translate the following:
1. She combs her hair (peinarse).___________________________________________________
2. We get ready (arreglarse)._______________________________________________________
3.You (inf) take a shower (ducharse).________________________________________________
How do you conjugate reflexive verbs that are stem-changing verbs?
I wake up. (despertarse e >ie)
1. write the reflexive pronoun.
Me
3. drop the –arse, -erse, or –irse of the reflexive verbs.
despert arse
4. change the stem
desp ie rt
5. conjugate the ending
Me despierto
Translate the following:
1. You (inf) go to bed. (acostarse o>ue)______________________________________________
2. I fall asleep. (dormirse o>ue)____________________________________________________
3. Andrés wakes up (despertarse e>ie)_______________________________________________
4. We go to bed (acostarse o>ue)___________________________________________________
III. Reflexive verbs with two verbs
How do you conjugate reflexive verbs when you have two verbs? I should take a shower.
ducharse
1. write the reflexive pronoun
Me
2. conjugate only the first verb
2. leave the second verb in the infinitive by dropping the –se
debo
Me debo duchar
Translate the following:
1.They should brush their teeth (cepillarse)___________________________________________
2.We need to take a bath (bañarse)__________________________________________________
3. I need to get up (levantarse)_____________________________________________________
4. You (inf) should train (entrenarse)________________________________________________
How do you conjugate reflexive verbs that are stem-changing verbs with two verbs?
I prefer (preferir e>ie) to fall asleep (dormirse o>ue)
1. write the reflexive pronoun.
Me
2. only conjugate the first verb by…
preferir
3. dropping the –ar, -er, or –ir of the stem-changing verb
prefer ir
4. change the stem and conjugate.
pref ie r
prefier o
5. drop the –se of the reflexive verb.
Me prefiero dormir
Translate the following:
1. They (preferir e>ie) to wake up (despertarse e>ie)___________________________________
2. I intend (pensar e>ie) to shave (afeitarse)___________________________________________
3. She wants (querer e>ie) to comb her hair (peinarse)__________________________________
4. We want to go to be (acostarse o>ue)______________________________________________
5. Lorena prefers to go train (entrenarse)_____________________________________________
6.You (inf) have to (tener e>ie que) brush our teeth (cepillarse)___________________________
IV. The present progressive
What is the ending for –ar verbs when you use the present progressive?____________________
What is the ending for –er and –ir verbs when you use the present progressive?______________
What are the steps to conjugate the present progressive?
I am cooking (cocinar)
1. write the conjugation of estar
estoy
2. drop the –ar, -er, or –ir from the verb
cocin ar
3.add –ando if the verb is –ar or –iendo if it’s an er or ir verb. estoy cocinando
Translate the following:
1. Karina is skiing (esquiar)_______________________________________________________
2. I am eating (comer)____________________________________________________________
3. They are talking.______________________________________________________________
*When the stem of –er and –ir verbs end in a vowel, change the ending –iendo for –yendo.
I am reading.
Estoy leiendo.
Estoy leyendo.
*The verb decir (to tell) changes to diciendo. Jugar in the present progressive is jugando.
Translate the following:
1.She telling the truth._________________________________________________ la verdad.
2. I am playing._____________________________________________________________.
3. He is bringing the clothes. (traer)_____________________________________________.
V. The present progressive with reflexive verbs
What do you do when you use the present progressive with reflexive verbs?
I am brushinh my teeth. (cepillarse)
1.write the reflexive pronoun
Me
2. conjugate estar with the subject
3. drop the –arse, -erse, or –irse
4. add –ando or –iendo
estoy
cepill arse
Me estoy cepillando
Translate the following:
1. She is brushing my hair.________________________________________________________
2. I am shaving (afeitarse)________________________________________________________
3. He is drying himself (secarse)___________________________________________________
4. You (inf) are waking up.________________________________________________________
VI. Cultura
1. What is a gaucho?_____________________________________________________________
2. What is a cafetero?____________________________________________________________
3. Where are the gauchos from?____________________________________________________
4. What is a bombacha?__________________________________________________________
5. What part of Colombia is an ideal place where coffee beans are harvested?_______________
6. What is the salary of the gaucho?_________________________________________________
7. In what part of Argentina do gauchos have their cattle?_______________________________
8. What is a typical dish of Argentina?______________________________________________
9. What animal do cafeteros colombianos still use to carry the coffee beans?_________________
10. What is the ruana of the cafetero colombiano?_____________________________________
11. What is a tira cómica?_________________________________________________________
12. Who is Copetín?_____________________________________________________________
13. Who was Xul Solar?__________________________________________________________
14. Where was he from?__________________________________________________________
15. What are the elements of the paintings of Xul
Solar?________________________________________________________________________
16. What is the capital of Argentina?_______________________________________________
17. Where is Puerto Rico?________________________________________________________
18. What is the capital of Puerto Rico?______________________________________________
19. What are tostones?___________________________________________________________
20. What is El Morro?___________________________________________________________
21. Who built El Morro and why?__________________________________________________
22. What other name is Puerto Rico known as?________________________________________
23. What is the name of the native Indians who used to live in the island before the Spanish
arrived?_______________________________________________________________________
24. How are people from Puerto Rico called besides Puerto Rican?________________________
25. What are timbales?___________________________________________________________
26. What are timbaleros?_________________________________________________________
VII. Go verbs
Translate the following verbs.
hacer______________________________
salir_______________________________
tener______________________________
venir (e>ie)_________________________
conocer____________________________
saber______________________________
poner_____________________________________
traer______________________________________
decir_____________________________________
dar_______________________________________
ver_______________________________________
Conjugate the following
I bring_____________________________ She brings_________________________________
I know (people)______________________ He knows (people)__________________________
I put_______________________________ You (inf) put_______________________________
I leave _____________________________ We leave___________________________________
I know (info.)_______________________ They know (info)___________________________
I have_____________________________ He has ____________________________________
I do_______________________________ We do____________________________________
I tell______________________________ You (inf) tell_______________________________
I give_____________________________ She gives__________________________________
I see______________________________ They see__________________________________
I come____________________________ You (inf) come_____________________________
VIII. Pronouns after prepositions
When you use the pronouns (yo, tú, usted, él, ella, nosotros, nosotras, ustedes, ellos, ellas) after
prepositions like:
para (for, to)
de
(of, from)
a
(to, for)
con
(with)
you must change the prepositions yo to mí, and tú to ti. The rest of the pronouns don’t change.
She has a book for you
Ella tiene un libro para tú ti.
She has a book for me.
Ella tiene un libro para yo mí.
She has a book for us.
She has a book for him.
Tiene un libro para nosotros. Tiene un libro para él.
Ejercicios. Supply the correct pronoun.
1. El escritorio está cerca de ________ (me)
2. Los pantalones son de ___________(she)
3. A _____ te gustan los chalecos. (tú)
4. Las camisetas me encantan a ______ (me)
5. El cinturón es para _______ (tú)
To say with me use conmigo; with you is contigo.
1. Yo estoy __________ (with you)
2. Tú estás ___________ (with me)
3. Voy al cine _________(with you)
4. Vas a la escuela __________ (with me)
She has a book for them.
Tiene un libro para ellos.
IX. Encantar, importar, interesar, quedar, y gustar
Translate
Encantar_______________________________
Importar____________________________
Interesar_______________________________
Quedar_____________________________
Gustar_________________________________
The previous verbs are used with indirect object pronouns.
What are the indirect object pronouns for the following?
Yo___________
Tú____________
Nosotros/as________________
Usted/Él/Ella_______________
Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas________________
*You can’t conjugate the previous verbs!
Use encanta, importa, interesa, queda or gusta with
-singular nouns or verbs in the infinitive
Use encantan, importan, interesan, quedan or gustan with
-plural nouns
Translate
1. I really like them______________________
6. It interests her_____________________
2. They fit us___________________________
7. It’s important to you(inf)_____________
3. We love it___________________________
8. It fits him_________________________
4. It’s interesting to me___________________
9. I don’t like it_______________________
5. They aren’t important to us______________
10. It doesn’t fit her____________________
X. Vocabulary
el abrigo____________________________
la camisa_____________________________
la ropa_______________________________
los pantalones cortos____________________
el sombrero___________________________
el chaleco____________________________
la falda______________________________ _
la pulsera_____________________________
las sandalias___________________________
el suéter______________________________
de rayas______________________________
el número_____________________________
vestirse (e>ie)__________________________
¿Cómo me queda/n?_____________________
quedar mal____________________________
quedar apretado/a______________________
la farmacia____________________________
las botas_____________________________
la camiseta___________________________
los jeans_____________________________
los pantalones________________________
la chaqueta__________________________
el cinturón___________________________
la gorra_____________________________
el reloj______________________________
el traje______________________________
estar de moda________________________
de cuadros___________________________
la talla______________________________
quedar______________________________
quedar bien__________________________
quedar flojo/a________________________
el almacén___________________________
la joyería____________________________
la panadería___________________________
la librería_____________________________
está abierto/a__________________________
creo que sí____________________________
en mi opinion_________________________
es mala idea__________________________
encantar_____________________________
importar_____________________________
la zapatería__________________________
el internet___________________________
está cerrado__________________________
creo que no__________________________
es buena idea_________________________
me parece que________________________
interesar_____________________________
recomendar (e>ie)_____________________