POETRY
What is poetry?????
• Poetry- A piece of writing used to convey
images, feelings and emotions.
• Poetry can appear in many different forms.
Can be short or long.
• Poetry CAN Rhyme, but does not have to.
Forms of Poetry
• There are many different forms of poetry.
Listed below are the ones that we will
study.
- Haiku
- Free Verse
- Limerick
- Sonnet
- Ballad or Narrative Poetry
What is Figurative Language?
• Figurative Language- Language
enriched by word meanings and figures of
speech
Figurative Language
• Alliteration- the repetition of first letter of a
word.
Ex.: I hear the lake water lapping with low
sounds by the shore...
Ex: The silken sad uncertainty rustling of each
purple curtain.
Consonance
• The repetition of the consonant sound in
neighboring words (not just at the
beginning)
Example: The silken sad uncertainty rustling
of each purple curtain.
Assonance
• The repetition of the vowel sound.
Example:
Slow the low gradual moan
Came in the snowing
Figurative Language
• Personification- giving human qualities
to things that are not human, like animals
or trees or rivers.
Ex- The wind whistled through the
trees
Bugs Bunny
• Onomatopoeia- word that imitates the
sound it represents
Ex- Buzz, Tap, Zip, Pop, Moo, Swish
Figurative Language
• Metaphor- compares two different things
without like or as
Ex.: For ever since that time you went away
I've been a rabbit burrowed in the wood
Simile- compares two different things
using like or as
Ex.:
Joe is like an old bull
He is as cunning as a fox
Figurative Language
• Hyperbole- figure of speech which is an
exaggeration
- I nearly died laughing
- I tried a thousand times
• You’re so… jokes
-My dog is so ugly I have to tie a $100 bill on it so people
will pet it!
-My aunt is so fat you have to take 2 trains and a bus to
get on her good side.
Poetic Elements
• Refrain- Repetition of a word or phrase
• Lines- ONE line of a poem
• Stanza- One of the divisions of a poem,
composed of two or more lines usually
characterized by a common pattern of
meter, rhyme, and number of lines.
Kinds of Stanzas
Couplet
Triplet
Quatrain
Quintet
Sestet
Septet
Octave
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
two line stanza
three line stanza
four line stanza
five line stanza
six line stanza
seven line stanza
eight line stanza
Rhyme
• The repetition of a sound within a word.
• Examples: nail and whale, material and
cereal, icicle and bicycle
We looked! Then we saw him
Step in on the mat
We looked! And we saw him
The Cat and the Hat
Poetic Elements
Rhyme Scheme- The pattern in which the
last word of the lines of a poem rhyme.
The first rhyming sound is labeled as “A”.
The second Rhyming sound is labeled “B”
and so on and so forth.
Example:
Roses are red
Violets are blue
Sugar is sweet
And so are you
(A)
(B)
(C)
(B)
Example of Rhyme
It was many and many a year ago
In a Kingdom by the sea,
That a maiden there lived, who you many know
By the name of Annabel Lee;
And this maiden she lived with no other thought
Than to love and be loved by me
Edgar Allen Poe
On your paper write the poem and the rhyme scheme.
Rhyme Scheme
It was many and many a year ago
In a Kingdom by the sea,
That a maiden there lived, who you many know
By the name of Annabel Lee;
And this maiden she lived with no other thought
Than to love and be loved by me
A
B
A
B
C
B
Edgar Allen Poe
End Rhyme
• A word at the end of one line, rhymes with
the word at the end of another line.
• Example:
Whose woods these are I think I know
His house is in the Village, though
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow
Internal Rhyme
• A word inside a line rhymes with another word in the
same line.
I'm Being Swallowed by a Boa Constrictor Lyrics
I'm being swallowed by a boa constrictor
I'm being swallowed by a boa constrictor
I'm being swallowed by a boa constrictor
And I don't like it very much
Oh no (oh no) he swallowed my toe (he swallowed my toe)
Oh me (oh me) he swallowed my knee (he swallowed my knee)
Oh fiddle (oh fiddle) he's up to my middle (he's up to my middle)
Oh heck (oh heck) he swallowed my neck (he swallowed my neck)
Oh dread, he's up to my (slurp gulp)
Repetition
• The repeated use of a word, phrase or
stanza in any form of literature
• Repetition adds special meaning or
emphasis to a piece of literature.
Haiku
• a three line poem, typically dealing with
nature; 17 total syllables in a 5-7-5 pattern
• Originated in Japan
Examples of Haiku
The red blossom bends
and drips its dew to the ground.
Like a tear it falls
on the Chinese vase
the flowers retain brightness
- - pouring out water.
Limericks
• a humorous form consisting on five lines.
Lines 1, 2 and 5 are long and they all
rhyme. Lines 3 and 4 are short and they
rhyme.
• Rhyme scheme is AABBA
• Typically start with “There once was…”
• Originated in Ireland
Example of a Limerick
There once was a farmer from Leeds,
Who ate six packets of seeds,
It soon came to pass,
He was covered with grass,
And he couldn't sit down for the weeds!
Example of a Limerick
There once was a young hunter named Shepherd
Who was eaten for lunch by a leopard.
Said the leopard, "Egad!
You'd be tastier, lad
If you had been salted and peppered!"
How to…
1.
Across the top of your paper, write 5-6 places that you have either
lived or visited…cities, states, countries, addresses.
2.
Choose the two places that are easiest to rhyme (this may take
some experimenting and more than one try). You may help each
other brainstorm rhyming words. Write those rhyming words next
the locations you have picked.
Example:
Beijing: bring, fling, king, Ming, opening, ring, sing, sling.
4.
Use those rhyming words to help you create your own limerick
3.
Use past tense
Example
Example:
There once was a man from Beijing.
All of his life he hoped to be king.
So he put on a crown,
Which quickly fell down.
That small smelly man from Beijing.
Ballad or Narrative Poetry
• A ballad is a Narrative Poem (tells a story) and can be
sung, but doesn’t have to be.
• Often times has a refrain or some sort of repetition
• Usually rhymes in some way, but there is no set rhyming
pattern.
• An example of a ballad is “The Edmond Fitzgerald” by
Gordon Lightfoot
Ballad or Narrative Poetry
•
•
•
•
•
Popular Subjects
Tragic Love
Family Conflicts
War
Shipwrecks
Crimes and Outlaws
The Wreck of the Edmond
Fitzgerald
by
Gordon Lightfoot
Free Verse
• Free Verse is a form of Poetry composed of
either rhymed or unrhymed lines that have no
set fixed pattern.
• The early 20th-century poets were the first to
write what they called "free verse" which
allowed them to break from the rules of
traditional poetry.
Free Verse Example
Dolphins
Here I swim, with my friends.
They jump around me and flip in the air.
I am in Florida.
There is lots of different kinds of dolphin’s
I am a Bottled nosed dolphin.
I slip in the water to find my prey.
My predators are sharks and some bigger
animals than me that live in the ocean.
I see something standing on land that I have seen
before.
There is a noise coming from there. I keep
playing with my friends.
Sonnet
• A 14 line poem with a set rhyme scheme and
pattern
ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
• A typical line of a sonnet has ten syllables and is
written in Iambic Pentameter. This means that
every other syllable is accented, so it sounds
sing-songy
• Made famous by William Shakespeare
• SONNET 18
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date:
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade
Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou growest:
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this and this gives life to thee.
Sonnet Practice
With the remainder of the class
period work on creating your
own sonnet. What you do not
finish in class is for homework.