Chapter 11
The Atomic Nature of Matter
Brownian motion has to do with the
a.
b.
c.
d.
size of atoms.
vibrations of atoms.
random motions of atoms and molecules.
rhythmic movements of Brownians.
Brownian motion has to do with the
a.
b.
c.
d.
size of atoms.
vibrations of atoms.
random motions of atoms and molecules.
rhythmic movements of Brownians.
Comment: It was Einstein’s investigation of Brownian
motion that in 1922 won him the Nobel Prize in
Physics.
It is correct to say that atoms that
make up your body
a. were formed in ancient stars.
b. were previously a part of your neighbor’s
bodies.
c. are in motion at all times.
d. All of these.
It is correct to say that atoms that
make up your body
a. were formed in ancient stars.
b. were previously a part of your neighbor’s
bodies.
c. are in motion at all times.
d. All of these.
Compared with the wavelength of
visible light, atoms are
a.
b.
c.
d.
about the same size.
smaller.
larger.
fuzzier.
Compared with the wavelength of
visible light, atoms are
a.
b.
c.
d.
about the same size.
smaller.
larger.
fuzzier.
Which of the following has the
smallest mass?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Except for slight differences, all have about the
same mass.
Which of the following has the
smallest mass?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Except for slight differences, all have about the
same mass.
The reason you don’t fall between
the atoms in the floor you stand on
involves
a.
b.
c.
d.
the small spaces between atoms.
electrical forces.
the rigidity of solids.
pressure.
The reason you don’t fall between
the atoms in the floor you stand on
involves
a.
b.
c.
d.
the small spaces between atoms.
electrical forces.
the rigidity of solids.
pressure.
An element is a substance
consisting of
a.
b.
c.
d.
atoms of the same kind.
atoms or molecules of the same kind.
only protons.
protons and electrons in balance.
An element is a substance
consisting of
a.
b.
c.
d.
atoms of the same kind.
atoms or molecules of the same kind.
only protons.
protons and electrons in balance.
The classic periodic table
a. has four legs.
b. lists the known elements.
c. is now outmoded and has been replaced by
modeling programs.
d. None of the above.
The classic periodic table
a. has four legs.
b. lists the known elements.
c. is now outmoded and has been replaced by
modeling programs.
d. None of the above.
Investigation of atoms sequenced along
each horizontal row (period) of the periodic
table shows that atoms decrease in
a.
b.
c.
d.
mass.
size.
atomic weight.
None of the above.
Investigation of atoms sequenced along
each horizontal row (period) of the periodic
table shows that atoms decrease in
a.
b.
c.
d.
mass.
size.
atomic weight.
None of the above.
If you add or subtract a proton to or
from the nucleus of an atom, you
produce
a.
b.
c.
d.
a completely different atom.
an isotope of the same atom.
an ion.
None of the above.
If you add or subtract a proton to or
from the nucleus of an atom, you
produce
a.
b.
c.
d.
a completely different atom.
an isotope of the same atom.
an ion.
None of the above.
The atomic number of an atom is
defined in terms of its number of
a.
b.
c.
d.
protons.
neutrons.
protons and neutrons.
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
The atomic number of an atom is
defined in terms of its number of
a.
b.
c.
d.
protons.
neutrons.
protons and neutrons.
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
The size of an atom is mostly
determined by the space occupied by its
a.
b.
c.
d.
nucleus.
electrons.
protons.
neutrons.
The size of an atom is mostly
determined by the space occupied by its
a.
b.
c.
d.
nucleus.
electrons.
protons.
neutrons.
Which of these elements has atoms
of the greatest mass?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Helium
Carbon
Gold
Uranium
Which of these elements has atoms
of the greatest mass?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Helium
Carbon
Gold
Uranium
Which of these elements has atoms
with the greatest number of electrons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Helium
Carbon
Gold
Uranium
Which of these elements has atoms
with the greatest number of electrons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Helium
Carbon
Gold
Uranium
Molecules are composed of
a.
b.
c.
d.
atoms.
electrons and protons.
atomic nuclei and orbiting electrons.
particles larger than atoms.
Molecules are composed of
a.
b.
c.
d.
atoms.
electrons and protons.
atomic nuclei and orbiting electrons.
particles larger than atoms.
Atoms combine to form molecules by
way of
a.
b.
c.
d.
nuclear forces.
electric repulsion.
shared or exchanged electrons.
neutron attractions.
Atoms combine to form molecules by
way of
a.
b.
c.
d.
nuclear forces.
electric repulsion.
shared or exchanged electrons.
neutron attractions.
A compound is composed of different
kinds of atoms
a.
b.
c.
d.
mixed together.
moving at the same average speed.
in definite proportions.
in the gaseous form.
A compound is composed of different
kinds of atoms
a.
b.
c.
d.
mixed together.
moving at the same average speed.
in definite proportions.
in the gaseous form.
The atoms in isotopes of a particular
element have different numbers of
a.
b.
c.
d.
electrons.
protons.
neutrons.
electric charges.
The atoms in isotopes of a particular
element have different numbers of
a.
b.
c.
d.
electrons.
protons.
neutrons.
electric charges.
Isotopes of a given element differ in
a.
b.
c.
d.
atomic number.
mass number.
electron number.
their place in the periodic table.
Isotopes of a given element differ in
a.
b.
c.
d.
atomic number.
mass number.
electron number.
their place in the periodic table.
The shell model of the atom views
electrons as occupying
a.
b.
c.
d.
shells.
three-dimensional orbitals.
circular or elliptical orbits.
standing waves.
The shell model of the atom views
electrons as occupying
a.
b.
c.
d.
shells.
three-dimensional orbitals.
circular or elliptical orbits.
standing waves.
Explanation: Straight-forward enough? Are you
acquainted with friends who feel a straight answer
can’t be the one to pick—that there’s always a trick?
Ask with a straight face, “What really is 1 + 1.” Is there
a long pause in answering?
If 1.0 gram of antimatter meets with 4.0
grams of matter, the energy released
would correspond to the energy
equivalent of
a.
b.
c.
d.
1 gram.
2 grams.
4 grams.
much more than 4 grams.
If 1.0 gram of antimatter meets with 4.0
grams of matter, the energy released
would correspond to the energy
equivalent of
a.
b.
c.
d.
1 gram.
2 grams.
4 grams.
much more than 4 grams.