2-3 Carbon Compounds
Pg. 44
A. Macromolecules
• 1. Macromolecules means “giant molecules”.
A. Macromolecules
• 2. Monomers are small molecules that join
together to make larger molecules called
polymers.
A. Macromolecules
• 3. There are FOUR groups of macromolecules:
– Carbohydrates
– Lipids
– Nucleic Acids
– Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
• 1. Carbohydrates (sugar) are used as the main
source of energy for living things.
B. Carbohydrates
• 2. Some plants and animals use carbohydrates
as part of their structure.
• 3. –OSE= Sugar
B. Carbohydrates
• 4. A Monosaccharide is a single sugar
molecule.
– Examples: Glucose, Galactose (milk), Fructose
(Fruit)
B. Carbohydrates
• 5. Polysaccharides
are formed from
many
monosaccharides.
– Animal use
glycogen to lower
blood sugar levels.
C. Lipids
• 1. Lipids commonly make up fats, oils, and
waxes.
C. Lipids
• 2. Lipids are commonly used to store energy.
C. Lipids
• 3. Some lipids make up membranes (lipid
bilayer) and waterproof coverings.
C. Lipids
• 4. Lipids are made up of 3 fatty acids and 1
glycerol.
D. Nucleic Acids
• 1. Nucleic acids(polymer) are made up of
many nucleotides (monomer).
D. Nucleic Acids
• 2. Nucleotides are made up of a sugar,
phosphate group and nitrogen base.
D. Nucleic Acids
• 3. Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic
information.
D. Nucleic Acids
• 4. There are 2 kinds of nucleic acids:
– Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
– Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
E. Proteins
• 1. Proteins(polymer) are made up of amino
acids (monomer).
E. Proteins
• 2. Proteins play several
roles in the body:
– Regulating cell processes
– Form bones and muscles
– Transportation in/out of cells
– Fighting diseases
Exit Slip
• List the monomer, polymer, and one example
for each.
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Nucleic Acids
• Proteins
Macromolecules Monomer
Polymer
Example