BELL-RINGER: 4 MINUTES
Do
you think energy travels to
all life equally? Explain.
Copy CCSS, HW
 Feedback
checks
 Detention warnings
 Extra Opportunities Update
FRAYER MODEL:
Autotrophs
: groups 1-2
Heterotrophs: groups 3-4
WHAT IS NUTRITION?
The
entire process by which
organisms obtain energy from food
for growth, maintenance and
repair of damaged tissues
Nutrient
– the substances that are
required for the nourishment of an
organism
6.1 TYPE OF NUTRITION
Two
main types:
1. Autotrophic
2. Heterotrophic
1. AUTOTROPHIC
A
process in which organisms make
organic substances from inorganic
substances
Autotroph = Auto – self, trophos – feed
(organism which can make their own
food)
The source of energy for making food
can be either light or chemical
energy.
The
synthesis of food using light
energy – photosynthesis (photo –
light)
Photoautotroph – organisms
which produce organic molecules
from carbon dioxide and water
using sunlight as a source of energy
Example: green plants
The
synthesis of food using chemical
energy – chemosynthesis (chemo –
chemical)
Chemoautotroph – organisms which
make organic compounds by oxidising
inorganic compound (hydrogen
sulphide and ammonia)
Example: certain bacteria
(Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp.)
2. HETEROTROPHIC
A
type of nutrition in which
organism obtain energy through the
intake and digestion of organic
substances.
Heterotroph =Hetero – other,
trophos – feed (organism that
cannot make their own nutrients
but obtain the nutrients from other
organisms)
They
may practice
a) Holozioc nutrition,
b) Saprophytism
c) Parasitism
A)
HOLOZOIC NUTRITION
- holo –like, zoon – animal
- The organism feeds by ingesting
solid organic matter which is
subsequently digested and
absorbed into their bodies
- Examples: humans, herbivores,
carnivores and some carnivorous
pitcher plants and Venus fly-traps
B)
SAPROPHYTISM
- The organisms are called saprophytes
- Feed on dead and decaying
organic matter
- Digest their food externally
before absorbing the nutrients
into their bodies
- Examples: bacteria, fungi
C)
PARASITISM
- The organisms are called parasites
- Obtain nutrient from living on
(ectoparasites) or in (endoparasites)
the body of another living organism
(host)
- They absorb readily digested food
from its host
- Examples: fleas (ectoparasites), lice,
worms, wasps (endoparasites), Rafflesia
plant
TEST YOURSELF
1. Name two types of autotrophic
nutrition.
A: Photosynthesis and
chemosynthesis
TEST YOURSELF
2. Name three types of
heterotrophic nutrition.
A: Holozoic nutrition,
saprophytism, and
parasitism
TEST YOURSELF
3. Name the nutritional habits of the
following organisms;
a) Carnivorous plants
A: holozoic nutrition
b) Green algae
A: photosynthesis
c) Tapeworm
A: parasitism
NUTRITION BASED DIVISION OF ANIMALS

The categories of their diets are :
Animals
Omnivores
Ex : Humans
Herbivores
Carnivores
Ex : Cows
Nutrition in Animals - Jaideep Nalwade , Prathamesh Chavan and Nimish
Tembhurne
Ex : Bengal tiger
18
NUTRITION BASED DIVISION OF
ANIMALS
Omnivores Ex : Humans, Bears, Raccoons
• Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and animals or
even algal matter
Herbivores Ex : Cows, Hares, Gorillas
• They are animals that mainly eat autotrophs, i.e. Plants
Carnivores Ex : Sharks, Snakes, Lions, Tigers
• They are animals that eat other animals and meat
Nutrition in Animals - Jaideep Nalwade , Prathamesh Chavan and Nimish
Tembhurne
19
TURN AND TALK:
Which
mode of obtaining
nutrients is the most beneficial?
Would one be the slowest? Why?
How is feeding related to the
characteristics of life?
WHY DO ANIMALS REQUIRE NUTRITION?

Animals are heterotrophs that require food for
various reasons. Three of them are :
Fuel
Chemical Energy
• The cells in the body require energy to work. Nutrition provides the energy
required for cellular action to take place.
Bone Growth Biosynthesis
• Bone cells grow rapidly during the growth of an animal. Nutrition provides
energy for Biosynthesis in which the carbon cells make new cells.
Nutrients
Ready-made form
• Animals cannot make all the nutrients required all by itself using raw
materials. These nutrients are fed to the animal in a readymade form.
Nutrition in Animals - Jaideep Nalwade , Prathamesh Chavan and Nimish
Tembhurne
21
WHAT HAPPENS IF ANIMALS DO NOT GET
ENOUGH NUTRIENTS?
There are several pieces of colored paper on the floor
around the room.
 Students count off by 3 to divide themselves into
groups.
 On the first round, everyone races to pick up the pieces
of paper with equal ability to use their hands. The
fastest survive.
 In the second round, variation is introduced. One group
of students may still use their hands, another must
use their elbows for hands, and the third group is
scattered around the room but unable to move.
 These three groups compete a couple of times, each
time eliminating those who were not able to gain any
“food” (paper).

WHAT HAPPENS IF ANIMALS DO NOT GET
ENOUGH NUTRIENTS: ADAPTATIONS AND
POPULATION CHANGES
 Survivors
are discussed
 What this would look like in reality
in populations…
Q: Predict what might happen if you
were selective about food options, for
example, if you were only able to
choose certain color pieces of paper.
SUMMARY/ FEEDBACK/ QUESTIONS
2
modes to get nutrients
 3 types of animal heterotroph diets
 Adaptations to win food = win the
day