AP Chemistry Name ___Answer Key_________________________
Atomic Structure and Electrons Review
Questions 1-4 refer to atoms for which the occupied atomic orbitals are shown below:
1. Represents an atom that is chemically unreactive ___D____
2. Represents an atom in an excited state ___ A_____
3. Represents an atom that has four valence electrons. ___C___
4. Represents an atom of a transition metal. ___E_____
__C___5.
The most abundant isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen are 11H ,12H ,168O,178O, respectively. Using these
isotopes only, what is the number of different possible values for the molar mass of water?
(A) 2
___D___6.
(C) 4
(D) 6
(E) 8
Which pair of atoms represents nuclei that have the same number of neutrons?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
___E___7.
(B) 3
56
Co and 58Co
Mn and 57Fe
58
Ni and 57Fe
58
Ni and 57Co
59
Ni and 56Co
57
Which oxides of manganese, Mn, have percent mass of manganese that is greater than 50%?
I.
MnO
II.
MnO2
III.
Mn2O3
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
II only
III only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III
h = 6.63 × 10-34 J•s
___A__8.
c = 3.00 × 108 m/s
RH = 2.18 × 10-18J
The emission spectrum of gold shows a line of wavelength 2.676 x 10-7 m. How much energy is
emitted during this transition?
(A) 7.43 x 10-19 J
(B) 5.30 x 10-20 J
(C) 6.05 x 10-19 J
(D) 3.60 x 10-20 J
(E) 5.16 x 10-20 J
___A__9. Which of the responses contains all the statements that are consistent with the Bohr theory of the
atom (and no others)?
(I) Only orbits of specific radii, corresponding to certain definite energies, are permitted for electrons in an
atom.
(II) An electron in a permitted orbit has a specific energy and is an "allowed" energy state.
(III) Energy is only emitted or absorbed by an electron as it moves from one allowed energy state to
another.
(A) I,II,III
(B) I only
(C) III only
(D) I and II
(E) II and III
__C___10. The Heisenberg Principle states that _____________.
(A) no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.
(B) two atoms of the same element must have the same number of protons.
(C) it is impossible to determine accurately both the position and momentum of an electron
simultaneously.
(D) electrons of atoms in their ground states enter energetically equivalent sets of orbitals singly before
they pair up in any orbital of the set.
(E) charged atoms (ions) must generate a magnetic field when they are in motion.
___A___11. Which atomic orbital is spherical in shape?
(A) 2s
(B) 3p
(C) 3d
(D) 4f
(E) they are all spherical
___E___12. 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p3
Atoms of an element, X, have the electronic configuration shown above. The compound most likely
formed with magnesium, Mg, is…
(A) MgX
(B) Mg2X
(C) MgX2
(D) MgX3
(E) Mg3X2
___A__13. In which of the following groups are the three species isoelectronic, i.e. have the same number of…
electrons?
(A)S2-,K+,Ca2+
(B)Sc,Ti,V2+
(C)O2-,S2-,Cl-
(D)Mg2+,Ca2+,Sr2+
(E)Cs, Ba2+, La3+
14. Fill in the table below.
Symbol
79
34
15.
Atomic
number
Se 2
34
Mass
number
79
number of
protons
number of
neutrons
number of
electrons
34
45
36
Ernest Rutherford bombarded alpha particles at gold foil. His experiments lead him to conclude two things
about the nature of the atom. Fill in the chart below.
Conclusion about the Atom
Experimental Evidence Supporting the Conclusion
Atoms are mostly empty space
Most of the alpha particles passed directly through the atom
without any deflection
The atom contains a small, dense and positively
charged nucleus.
Some of the alpha particles were deflected at a variety of
angles
16. Write the formula for the following:
17.
a.
magnesium perchlorate
____Mg(ClO4)2 __________
b.
aluminum nitrite
____Al(NO2)3____________
c.
iron(III) sulfite
____Fe2(SO3)3___________
d.
dinitrogen trioxide
____N2O3______________
Name the following compounds:
a.
BaCr2O7
__barium dichromate___________
b.
KMnO4
__potassium permanganate______
c.
CCl4
__carbon tetrachloride__________
c.
NH4NO3
__ammonium nitrate____________