Homework - Human Body
Copy the questions. Answer in full sentences on a separate sheet of paper.
If the words are in parenthesis, you don’t need to copy them.
Aim 1: What are the levels of organization in the body?
Chapter 1 - Sect 1
Chapter 2 - Sect 4
School Text Pages 16-21
Home Text Pages 468-471
1.
What are the 4 levels of organization in the human body? (list and define)
2.
What are the 4 different types of tissues? (list and define)
3.
Compare and contrast the concept of organs to a cell’s “organelles”. (inference)
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Aim 2: What is homeostatis?
Chapter 1 - Sect 2
Chapter 2 - Sect 4
School Text Pages 23-27
Home Text Pages 472-473
1.
What is homeostatis and why is it important? (define)
2.
How does stress affect the body?
3.
How does the body maintain homeostatis? (give examples)
4.
Describe homeostatis in action when you go outside during the winter. (inference)
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Aim 3: What are the parts and functions of the skeletal system?
Chapter 2 - Sect 1
Chapter 14 - Sect 2
School Text Pages 38-45
Home Text Pages 474-481
1.
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?
2.
What is the purpose of joints in the body?
3.
List, explain and give an example of each type of joint.
4.
What function does our spine play in our body? (Describe the parts)
5.
Are bones living tissue? (explain)
6.
How do we keep our bones healthy?
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Aim 4: What are the parts and functions of the muscular system?
Chapter 2 - Sect 3
Chapter 14 - Sect 3
School Text Pages 46-55
Home Text Pages 482-486
1.
What are the 3 different types of muscle tissue?
2.
Describe skeletal muscles. (What is their function and where is it found?)
3.
Describe smooth muscle. (What are the functions and where is it found?)
4.
Describe cardiac muscle. (What is their functions and where is it found?)
5.
Why do muscles work in pairs?
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Aim 5: What is skin and why is it important?
Chapter 2 - Sect 4
Chapter 14 - Sect 4
School Text Pages 56-62
Home Text Pages 488-493
1.
What are the functions of the skin?
2.
Describe the parts and function of the epidermis.
3.
Describe the parts and functions of the dermis.
4.
How does our skin help keep our internal temperature stable?
5.
How can we keep our skin healthy?
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Aim 6: Why do we need food?
Chapter 3 - Section 1
Chapter 15 - Sect 1
School Text Pages 68-75
Home Text Pages 502-514
1.
Why does our body need food?
2.
What are carbohydrates, fats and proteins? (why are they important?)
3.
Describe vitamins and minerals. (Why are they important?)
4.
Why is water considered the most important nutrient?
5.
Describe the food pyramid. (What information can it give us?)
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Aim 7: How is food digested?
Chapter 3 - Sect 2
Chapter 15 - Sect 2
School Text Pages 82-87
Home Text Pages 516-521
1.
What are the main functions of the digestive system?
2.
Describe mechanical and chemical digestion. (give examples of how and where)
3.
List the functions of the mouth.
4.
List the functions of the esophagus and epiglottis.
5.
List the functions of the stomach.
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Aim 8: How is digestion completed?
Chapter 3 - Sect 4
Chapter 15 - Sect 3
School Text Pages 90-93
Home Text Pages 524-527
1.
Describe the importance of the small intestines.
2.
What is the role of the liver in the digestive process?
3.
Why is the pancreas so important?
4.
What is the role of the large intestine in the digestive process?
5.
Describe the path of a food product from mouth to rectum.
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Aim 9: How are materials moved around the body?
Chapter 4 - Sect 1
Chapter 16 - Sect 1
School Text Pages 100-106
Home Text Pages 534-543
1.
What are the 3 functions of the circulatory system?
2.
Describe the role of the heart in the body.
3.
Trace the path of blood through the body. Include the “2 loop” system.
4.
What are the 3 types of blood vessels?
5.
Describe the gas exchange to/from blood in the lungs.
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Aim 10: How are Arteries and Veins different?
Chapter 4 - Sect 2
Chapter 16 - Sect 1
School Text Pages - 107-111
Home Text Pages - 540-543
1.
List the 3 types of blood vessels.
2.
What is a valve? (Why is it important?)
3.
How does materials get from inside capillaries to body cells?
4.
What are the defining characteristics of an artery?
5.
What is blood pressure? Why is it important that it isn’t too high or too low?
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Aim 11: What kinds of cells and materials make up blood?
Chapter 4 - Sect 3
Chapter 16 - Sect 2
School Text Pages - 113-118
Home Text Pages - 545-551
1.
What are the 4 components of blood?
2.
What do red blood cells do?
3.
What do white blood cells do?
4.
What is the function of platelets? How does blood clot?
5.
Why is it important for doctors to know a patient’s blood type?
What is your blood type?
6.
What is lymph? How is it different from plasma?
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Aim 12: How can we maintain cardiovascular health?
Chapter 4 - Section 4
Chapter 16 - Section 3
School Text Pages - 120-124
Home Text Pages - 552-556
1.
What is atherosclerosis? How can we prevent it?
2.
What is hypertension? How can it hurt our bodies?
3.
What is a heart attack? How can we prevent it?
4.
How can you keep your heart healthy?
5.
How is smoking bad for the heart?
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Aim 13: What are the parts and functions of the respiratory system?
Chapter 5 - Section 1
Chapter 17 - Section 1
School Text Pages - 130-138
Home Text Pages - 564-572
1.
What are the 2 main functions of the respiratory system?
2.
What is the path of air from mouth to lungs?
3.
How do the respiratory system and circulatory system work together?
4.
Briefly describe air exchange in the alveoli.
5.
Briefly describe how the diaphragm works to make us breathe.
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Aim 14: Why is smoking bad?
Chapter 5 - Section 2
Chapter 17 - Section 2
School Text Pages - 140-144
Home Text Pages - 574-578
1.
What harmful chemicals are found in tobacco (and marijuana) smoke?
2.
What health problems can smoking cause?
3.
Compare the picture of the lungs of a smoker with the one of a non-smoker.
4.
How many Americans die each year from lung cancer?
5.
What is ‘passive smoking’ or ‘second hand smoke’?
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Aim 15: What are the parts and functions of the excretory system?
Chapter 5 - Section 3
Chapter 17 - Section 3
School Pages - 145-150
Home Text Pages - 579-583
1.
What is the main function of the excretory system?
2.
What organs are found in the excretory system?
3.
Briefly, how do kidneys filter waste?
4.
Besides the kidneys, what other organs are involved in excretion?
5.
What can urine tests tell doctors about a person’s health?
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Aim 16: This makes me sick!!
Chapter 6 - Section 1
Chapter 18 - Section 1
School Pages 156-160 and 177-179
Home Text Pages - 592-596
1.
What is a pathogen?
2.
What is an infectious disease?
3.
What are the 4 different categories of pathogens?
4.
How can disease be spread?
5.
How did doctors come to the conclusion that pathogens caused disease?
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Aim 17: How can your body fight infection and illness?
Chapter 6 - Section 2
Chapter 18 - Section 2
School Pages - 161-167 and 170-174 Home Text Pages - 597 - 603 & 606-610
1.
What is the body’s first line of defense against pathogens? (Barriers)
2.
Describe the inflammatory response.
3.
What are the parts and functions of the immune system?
4.
Why is it important to have a strong immune system?
5.
Why are vacines effective? (How do they work?)
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Aim 18: What are the parts and functions of the nervous system?
Chapter 7 - Section 1
Chapter 19 - Section 1
School Text Pages - 190-194
Home Text Pages - 626-631
1.
What are the functions of the nervous system?
2..
What is a neuron?
3.
What are the 3 different types?
4.
What is the synapse and what does it do?
5.
Draw a picture of a neuron. Label the parts.
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Aim 19: What are the divisions of the nervous system?
Chapter 7 - Section 2
Chapter 19 - Section 2
School Text Pages - 196-202
Home Text Pages - 632-639
1.
What is the main function of the central nervous system (CNS)?
2.
What are the parts of the CNS? (list and describe)
3.
What are the 3 parts of the brain and what does each part control?
4.
Describe a stimulus and a response.
5.
What is a reflex? Describe a reflex path.
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Aim 20: How do our senses gather information from our environment?
Chapter 7 - Section 3
Chapter 19 - Section 3
School Text Pages - 204-211
Home Text Pages - 642-650
1.
What are the parts of the eye? What do they do?
2.
What are the 2 main functions of our ears?
3.
What basic tastes can our tongue detect?
4.
Why is one area of the body more sensitive to touch or hot/cold than another?
5.
Why is pain important to our well being?
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Aim 21: How can alcohol and drugs affect our bodies?
Chapter 7 - Section 4
Chapter 19 - Section 4
School Text Pages - 212-220
Home Text Pages - 651-657
1.
What are some of the most commonly abused drugs?
2.
What is addiction and withdrawal?
3.
How does alcohol affect the body?
4.
What are some short term effects of alcohol abuse?
5.
What are some long term affects of alcohol abuse?
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Aim 22: What is the endocrine system?
Chapter 8 - Section 1
Chapter 20 - Section 1
School Text Pages - 226-230
Home Text Pages - 666-671
1.
What is the endocrine system?
2.
What are the substances produced by endocrine glands called?
3.
How does the endocrine system control body processes?
4.
Briefly describe “target” cells and how this works in the endocrine system.
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Aim 23: How do humans reproduce?
Chapter 8 - Section 2
Chapter 20 - Section 2
School Text Pages - 231-236
Home Text Pages - 674-681
1.
What is sexual reproduction?
2.
What are the structures of the male reproductive system? (list and describe)
3.
What are the structures of the female reproductive system? (list and describe)
4.
What is fertilization? What is a zygote?
5.
What are the stages of the menstrual cycle?
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Aim 24: Following the Human Life Cycle
Chapter 8 - Section 3
Chapter 20 - Section 3
School Text Pages - 237-243
Home Text Pages 682-690
and 244-249
1.
After fertilization, the egg and sperm become a _____________
then a _____________ then a ___________________.
2.
How does the baby get its nourishment?
3.
What are the 3 stages that precede the birth of a baby?
4.
What is the difference between identical and fraternal twins?
5.
What is puberty?